Nature Communications
·
2026
·Vol. 17
·期 1
·5195
·
IF 18.1
Wang Xiaoxiao,Yu Peiping,Liu Moxuan,Wang Lei,Shang Fanfan,Zhang Fangpu,Liu Zhaojun,Bai Yuke,Liu Kai,Zhang Liang,Yang Shengchun,Zhang Qing,Cheng Tao,Gao Chuanbo
The global transition to a hydrogen economy relies on efficient and durable catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction within proton exchange membrane water electrolysis. Conventional metal oxide catalysts, particularly RuO 2 , suffer from overoxidation and corrosion under acidic and high-potential conditions, limiting operational lifetime. Here we report a metallic catalyst composed of metastable AgRuIr alloy nanocages that challenge the prevailing view that metallic materials are unsuitable for this reaction. Mechanistically, the filled d orbitals of Ag reduce the oxophilicity of the alloy, weakening oxygen adsorption and preventing oxygen incorporation into the metal lattice. As a result, the nanocages exhibit higher activity than Ru/Ir oxides while maintaining a metallic state at high potentials, thereby fundamentally suppressing overoxidation. In a water electrolysis cell, the catalyst delivers 1 A cm −2 at a cell voltage of 1.73 V and operates stably for 1500 hours with negligible voltage increase (0.93 μV h −1 ) and minimal metal dissolution (0.5–0.7% kh −1 ). These results redefine the potential of metallic catalysts for oxygen evolution in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis systems toward large-scale hydrogen production.
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npj Science of Food
·
2026
·
IF 9.7
Lingnv Yao,Siyuan Xie,Shuobo Zhang,Furong Ba,Huijuan Jing,Bo Qiu,Lvwan Xu,Shengyi Han,Hang Xiao,Ming Zhao,Xiaowei Shi,Lanjuan Li,Mingfei Yao
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) threatens women’s reproductive health. Emerging evidence implicates the gut-ovary axis in POI pathogenesis. This study explored the probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius Li01 in a Tripterygium wilfordii glycosides-induced POI mouse model. Li01 effectively mitigated POI progression by restoring hormone levels, increasing functional follicle numbers, and improving ovarian antioxidant function. These beneficial effects were primarily mediated through modulation of the gut microbiota and host tryptophan metabolism. Notably, a tryptophan-enriched diet alone did not improve POI. When combined with Li01, it synergistically amplified the kynurenine pathway. This shift promoted ovarian NAD⁺ production by upregulating the levels of NAMPT, while attenuating NAD⁺ depletion through downregulation of CD38 expression. The elevated NAD⁺ levels subsequently activated SIRT1 expression, stimulated the synthesis of SOD and other antioxidants, and inhibited the Caspase-1/IL‑1β inflammasome axis. These findings highlight Li01 as a potential POI therapy through microbiota-metabolic regulation, offering new mechanistic insights into gut-ovarian interactions.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·Vol. 193
·期 7
·455
·
IF 5.4
Zhao Zhenghong,Xu Yue,Xu Shuzhen,Zhang Lianming,Li Jianping
The detection of carbohydrate antigen 19 − 9 (CA19-9), a critical serum marker for gastrointestinal malignancies, is particularly challenging because of its typically low concentration and substantial matrix interference, creating a critical demand for improved detection technologies. Herein, we rationally designed and synthesized a nanozyme with dual-ligand cerium-organic framework (Ce-MOF-BN) nanozyme for glycosyl-imprinted colorimetric biosensing via a one-pot method. The crystalline porous framework is densely functionalized on its surface with spatially accessible amino and boronic acid groups, enabling the recognition and oriented immobilization of imprinting templates. A well-defined core–shell molecularly imprinted composite was successfully fabricated through the systematic optimization of the ligand ratio. The composite exhibits intrinsic oxidase-like activity without requiring H 2 O 2 , and the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) shell supplies specific cavities for the highly selective recognition of CA19-9. Under optimized assay conditions, the sensor achieves the quantitative detection of CA19-9 across a broad linear range of 0.0001–100 U/mL, with a limit of detection as low as 2.7 × 10 − 5 U/mL. This work provides valuable insights for designing next-generation high performance biomimetic sensing materials and advancing their clinical diagnostic applications. Graphical The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Fu Xiaotong,Zhang Xizhe,Yang Tingting,Zhang Yi,Jiao Chenlu,Zhu Shuze,Ye Dongdong
Cellulose fibers derived from renewable biomass exhibit exceptional tensile strength through molecular alignment and dense packing, yet their toughness remains limited, typically below 50 MJ m −3 . Drawing inspiration from the helical nanoarchitecture of cherry bark, we introduce a bioinspired nano-orientation strategy to fabricate regenerated cellulose fibers with a biaxially oriented structure via a scalable microfluidic spinning technique. Combining experimental characterization and molecular simulations, we demonstrate that this biaxial nano-architecture effectively redistributes stress and suppresses crack propagation during deformation, achieving a remarkable fracture strain of 41% alongside a tensile strength of 553 MPa. This synergy yields a toughness of 184 MJ m −3 , exhibiting highly competitive performance relative to most previously reported cellulose fibers and synthetic polymers, and achieving a mechanical performance on the same order of magnitude as natural spider silk. Moreover, this enhancement extends seamlessly from single fibers to woven fabrics, highlighting its potential for sustainable, high-performance materials in textiles, automotive components, and aerospace applications. Our findings illuminate a design for overcoming the intrinsic brittleness of cellulose fibers, advancing their applicability as eco-friendly structural materials.
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3 Biotech
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 6
·219
·
IF 3.1
Wang Yuanshan,Liu Ping,Yang Xiaobo,Xu Jiabao,Qin Haibin,Weng Chunyue,Zheng Yuguo
A robust and reusable Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) biocatalyst was prepared by integrating bio-imprinting with resin immobilization. RML was co-imprinted with lauric acid and polyethylene glycol (PEG600) followed by immobilization on an amine-functionalized epoxy resin (ES-103B), resulting in AE@RML-LA+PEG600. After immobilization process optimization, the AE@RML-LA + PEG 600 was verified by CD, SEM, FTIR, and XRD analysis. AE@RML-LA+PEG600 exhibited improved thermal, pH, and organic solvent stability compared with free RML. Under optimized conditions (10 h, 62 °C, palmitic-acid-enriched palm stearin/oleic acid = 1:10 mol/mol, 10 wt% enzyme), AE@RML-LA+PEG600 achieved a maximum OPO content of 45.80%, and the proportion of palmitic acid at the sn-2 position relative to total palmitic acid ((sn-2, P)/P) was 54.59%, which was higher than that of the unimprinted enzyme (35.52% OPO). After five cycles, AE@RML-LA+PEG600 maintained 69.52% of its original catalytic activity, indicating its excellent operational stability. This work provides a promising imprinting-immobilization strategy for preparing durable lipases for industrial OPO production.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·Vol. 193
·期 6
·427
·
IF 5.4
Zhang Saisai,Liu Shijie,Xing Mingli,Zhang Bo,Zhang Bowen,Wang Na Luo Yan
Developing nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) gas sensors that simultaneously deliver high sensitivity, selectivity, and long‑term stability remains a considerable challenge for practical applications. In this work, nanoflower‑like PdO/NiMoO 4 /NiO composites with tunable PdO loadings were fabricated via a hydrothermal method combined with in‑situ impregnation and annealing. The constituent nanosheets measure approximately 200 nm in length and 20 nm in thickness. The optimized sensor with 0.5 wt% PdO loading achieves a response of 59.94 toward 1 ppm NO 2 at 160 °C, representing a 3.7‑fold enhancement over the unmodified NiMoO 4 /NiO sensor, along with good selectivity and long‑term stability. This performance improvement is attributed to the synergistic effects of heterojunction formation and PdO catalytic activation, which facilitate charge transfer and surface reaction kinetics. These results demonstrate the potential of the ternary composite for practical NO 2 detection. Graphical The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
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2026
·
IF 3.3
Liu Lirui,Zhang Haihui,Shen Huiqiang
Magnetic fields generated during electromagnetic braking in continuous casting mold may alter mold flux crystallization. In this study, the influence of a static magnetic field on the crystallization behavior of CaO–SiO 2 -based mold flux was examined using the S ingle H ot T hermocouple T echnique combined with a static M agnetic F ield ( SHTT+MF ). Although the mold flux exhibits paramagnetic behavior, thermodynamic analysis demonstrates that the magnetic contribution to the Gibbs free energy is negligible compared with the chemical driving force for crystallization. Consistently, the initial crystallization temperature remains unchanged under a 30 mT magnetic field. In contrast, the crystallization kinetics are significantly affected. The incubation time decreases under magnetic field, advancing crystallization by approximately 10 to 20 seconds at a given temperature. Heterogeneous nucleation analysis reveals that this acceleration originates primarily from a magnetic field-induced reduction in contact angle without significantly altering interfacial energy magnitude. Crystal growth exhibits that at high temperatures, grain mobility is reduced due to transport damping, whereas at low temperatures, enhanced interfacial attachment facilitates growth under transport-limited conditions. Despite these kinetic effects, the crystallization mechanism is preserved and the apparent activation energy for crystal growth decreases from 636.33 to 497.74 kJ·mol⁻ 1 under a 30 mT magnetic field.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·Vol. 17
·期 1
·4761
·
IF 18.1
Zhang Yingjie,Yang Xigui,Lai Shoulong,Qin Jinxu,Lv Chaofan,Liu Hang,Zang Jinhao,Shan Chongxin
Designing electromagnetic wave absorbing (EWA) materials that simultaneously deliver strong attenuation and withstand harsh environments remains a major challenge due to long-standing trade-offs between dielectric performance and structural robustness. Here, we report a heterostructured diamond–graphene composite synthesized under moderate high-pressure and high-temperature conditions, in which multilayer graphene is embedded within a nanodiamond framework through covalently bonded interfaces. This architecture enables modulation of the sp 3 / sp 2 hybridization ratios, yielding tunable dielectric responses, improved impedance matching, and multiple, synergistic energy-dissipation pathways. The optimized composite achieves a minimum reflection loss of −60 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.0 GHz. Simultaneously, the material exhibits exceptional environmental tolerance, including high thermal stability, reliable absorption at high temperatures, large fracture toughness, and enhanced corrosion resistance, which originates from the mechanically interlocked diamond/graphene networks and chemically stable carbon interfaces. Our results establish a scalable heterointerface-engineering strategy for constructing multifunctional carbon architectures that unify strong microwave attenuation with outstanding thermal, mechanical, and chemical durability, offering a promising platform for next-generation EWA materials suitable for harsh or demanding environments.
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IONICS
·
2026
·
IF 3.4
Song Shengjiao,Zhang Yilin,Wang Ying,Wei Jinli,Li Linjiang,Zou Luyu,Zhao Huimin,Sun Qiao,Zhuang Linghua,Wang Guowei
The extensive inter- and intramolecular hydrogen-bonding networks among microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) necessitate the development of highly effective solvent systems. In this work, two dihydroxyl pyridinium-based ionic liquids (ILs), namely 3-(hydroxymethyl)-1-(3-hydroxypropyl)-pyridinium chloride ([QPM][Cl]) and 3-(hydroxymethyl)-1-(6-hydroxyhexyl)-pyridinium chloride ([QHM][Cl]), were designed and evaluated for MCC dissolution. Their thermal stability, viscosity, and density were found to decrease when the alkyl chain extended from hydroxypropyl to hydroxyhexyl. Furthermore, at the same temperature, MCC dissolved faster in [QPM][Cl] than in [QHM][Cl], which was consistent with the density functional theory (DFT) calculations that revealed stronger hydrogen-bonding interactions between [QPM][Cl] and cellobiose. Specifically, the average hydrogen bond length in the cellobiose-[QPM][Cl] (2.032 Å) was shorter than that in the cellobiose-[QHM][Cl] (2.056 Å), and the interaction energy (ΔH) value of [QPM][Cl]-cellobiose (-515.054 kJ/mol) was lower than [QHM][Cl]-cellobiose (-509.897 kJ/mol). Atoms in Molecules (AIM) and Reduced Density Gradient (RDG) analyses further confirmed that stronger non-covalent interactions in the [QPM][Cl]-cellobiose system. These results provide molecular-level insights into the role of cation alkyl chain length and hydroxyl groups in cellulose dissolution, guiding the rational design of functional ILs for cellulose-based materials.
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ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
·
2026
·
IF 3.1
Xu Yuting,Ming Tingyang,Zhu Wei,Li Xiang,Wang Yuqiao,Feng Ningning,Wang Boyu,Li Qing
Pure bismuth tungsten oxide (BWO) photocatalysts suffer from inherent limitations, including low charge carrier separation efficiency, a narrow visible light response range, and insufficient active surface sites, which restrict their practical applications in the treatment of organic pollutants in water. In this study, we successfully prepared bismuth-rich pentabismuth heptaoxide iodide (Bi 5 O 7 I)/oxygen vacancy bismuth tungsten oxide (Ov-Bi 2 WO 6 , OvBWO) composite photocatalysts with Bi 5 O 7 I mass fractions of 5%, 7%, 9%, 11%, and 13% through a simple ultrasonic-assisted self-assembly method. Photocatalytic performance tests revealed that the Bi 5 O 7 I/OvBWO composite with an 11% Bi 5 O 7 I mass fraction exhibited the optimal degradation rate, achieving a tetracycline (TC) removal rate of 89.3% within 60 min of visible light irradiation, representing improvements of 33.0% and 27.9% compared to BWO and BiOI, respectively. Experimental characterizations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that oxygen vacancies introduce defect levels into the bandgap of BWO, not only extending the visible light response range but also significantly increasing the specific surface area. The integration of bismuth-rich Bi 5 O 7 I with OvBWO forms a type II heterojunction, effectively enhancing the separation and migration efficiency of charge carriers. The synergistic effects of oxygen vacancies, bismuth-rich modification, and interfacial electric fields enhance both the mass transfer performance and photocatalytic activity of BWO, while markedly boosting the capacity for TC degradation. This research provides novel insights for the structural design and performance optimization of BWO-based photocatalysts and offers important technical references for the efficient remediation of organic pollutants in water.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Shen Haojiang,Jin Yeming,Li Fuqiang,Zhao Kangning,Shen Nan,Yang Jie,Li Ya,Long Zhengyuan,Sheng Yuxuan,Li Hongbing,Guo Fei,Xu Zong-Xiang,Ding Yong,Wang Xingzhu,Qu Geping,Chen Shi,Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have emerged as efficient hole-transport layers for inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs), yet molecular self-aggregation during assembly limits interfacial homogeneity and device performance. Here we report an indole-carbazole co-adsorption strategy by incorporating N-indoleacetic acid (Nd) into (4-(3,6-diphenyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl)phosphonic acid (Ph-4PACz) to construct phase-homogeneous monolayers. Nd interacts with Ph-4PACz via synergistic π–π stacking and hydrogen bonding, resulting in a uniform alternating Ph-4PACz/Nd molecular arrangement. This co-adsorbed structure enables optimized interfacial energy alignment, enhances perovskite film uniformity, and suppresses trap-assisted non-radiative recombination. As a result, devices achieve an efficiency of 26.95% (certified 26.57%) on 0.0717 cm 2 and 25.61% on 1 cm 2 , retaining 93.36% of their initial efficiency after 1500 h of maximum power point tracking under continuous illumination and 91.10% after 1200 h at 85 °C. The strategy is broadly applicable to carbazole-based SAMs and wide-bandgap PSCs, offering a general co-adsorption route toward efficient and stable devices.
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Collagen and Leather
·
2026
·Vol. 8
·期 1
·8
·
IF 10.1
Pu Haoliang,Xiao Hanzhong,Wang Yujia,Huang Xin,Shi Bi
The next-generation on-skin devices are expected to provide identical textural characteristics to skin for accomplishing comfortable long-term wearability. Cattle hide is mainly consisted of type I collagen, which is therefore an ideal collagenous-matrix platform for developing skin-like on-skin devices. However, the raw cattle hide has a high water content that leads to poor wearability. Herein, we developed the skin-like wearable (SW) platform via a brand-new inter-fiber spacer-aided (IFS-aided) drying of cattle hide, where an amphiphilic nonionic surfactant that was capable of thoroughly infiltrating into the 3D hierarchical network of collagen fibers (CFs) was employed to work as the inter-fiber spacer to avoid the sticking of CFs during drying. Moreover, the inter-fiber spacer was easily eluted after drying for obtaining the collagenous matrix with highly dispersed fiber structure. The as-developed SW-platform exhibited ideal wearability by exhibiting full-protein nature, outstanding softness (6.808 mm), exceptional water-vapor permeability (5950 g·m -2 ·d -1 ) and high thermal stability. The hierarchical fiber structure with sufficient inter-fiber space endowed the SW-platform with reversible cross-scale deformations of CFs at both the nanoscale and microscale, which demonstrated its promising application in developing the skin-like and eco-friendly e-skins with outstanding sensing capability and flexible display function. Graphical
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）