CATALYSIS TODAY
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Xiangdi Liu,Yihang Zhang,Wenwen Tian,Hongshang Peng
The solar-driven synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) using graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) is inherently limited by rapid charge recombination and insufficient light absorption. To address this issue, pre-synthesized nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (N,S-CDs) were introduced onto g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets via a hydrothermal pre-anchoring strategy followed by calcination. The as-synthesized N,S-CDs/g-C 3 N 4 composites exhibited an enhanced H 2 O 2 production rate (1162.8 μmol·g −1 ·h −1 ), which was approximately 4.7 times higher than that of pristine g-C 3 N 4 . The improvement of photocatalytic activity was primarily attributable to the construction of step-scheme (S-scheme) heterojunction, which not only expedited the spatial separation of photogenerated charge carriers but also preserved the high redox potentials essential for efficient H 2 O 2 synthesis. Furthermore, the N,S-CDs broadened the light absorption range, enabling more effective utilization of visible light. This work provides a promising strategy for rational design of CD-based heterojunctions toward high-efficiency solar-driven H 2 O 2 production.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2026
·
IF 9.2
Jawad Ahmad Jrar,Tao Sunle,Muhammad Bilal,Faheem K. Butt,Alauddin,Muhammad Faizan,Imed Boukhris,Xiaozhi Wang,Yongcai Zhang,Jianhua Hou
Photocatalytic water splitting and CO 2 reduction offer renewable pathways for generating green fuels. Nevertheless, traditional photocatalysts are often limited by rapid electron-hole recombination. To address this difficulty, we devised a one-step thermal calcination method that concurrently doped graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) with aluminum and generates Al 2 O 3 in situ, an Al-doped g-C 3 N 4 heterojunction. Upon excitation by visible light, photo-excited electrons in Al-doped g-C 3 N 4 transfer to the surface Al 2 O 3 nano domains, which act as an electron sink due to their defective and reduced bandgap structure, and holes remain on g-C 3 N 4 . The effective charge separation is facilitated by interfacial band bending and the consequent internal electric field at the heterojunction that collectively inhibits electron-hole recombination and extends charge-carrier lifetimes for redox processes. The Al-doped g-C 3 N 4 /Al 2 O 3 catalyst attains a hydrogen evolution rate 9.4 times greater and a CO 2 reduction rate 6.5 folds greater than pristine CN when exposed to visible-light illumination. The improvement in performance highlights the capability of our single-step designed photocatalyst for solar-driven hydrogen production and CO 2 -to-fuel conversion, supporting the goal of carbon-neutral fuels and the progress of renewable green energy solutions.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·Vol. 65
·期 35
·20421-20436
·
IF 4.6
Wu Zhiyao,Deng Yuxiang,Yang Zi,Yang Libo,Pan Duoqiang,Zhang Peng,Wang Tianyou,Pan Zihan,Fu Hao
Photocatalytic uranium recovery from water bodies is
hindered by
the poor pH stability and low photocarrier separation efficiency of
conventional photocatalysts. Herein, we constructed a recyclable rGO/g-C 3 N 4 aerogel with a Schottky junction that simultaneously
addressed both limitations. The optimized rGO/g-C 3 N 4 -2 exhibited pH-insensitive performance (pH 2.0–9.0).
Furthermore, the Schottky barrier directs unidirectional electron
migration toward rGO under illumination, boosting charge separation
efficiency to 78.5%. These Schottky-junction-enabled charge dynamics,
large specific surface area, the layered structure that facilitated
mass and electron transport, and the favorable negative surface charge
for UO 2 2+ enrichment collectively contributed
to the photocatalytic performance. Consequently, rGO/g-C 3 N 4 -2 demonstrated a 92.9% uranium extraction efficiency
within 120 min and maintained high efficiency even after 5 cycles
under visible light. DFT calculations revealed band gap narrowing
to 1.65 eV (vs 2.20 eV for pristine g-C 3 N 4 ),
thereby increasing the light utilization rate. In situ DRIFTS spectroscopy revealed the evolution pathway of active species
from • O 2 – to H 2 O 2 . Combined with XPS and XRD analysis, the transformation
of U(VI) into (UO 2 )O 2 ·2H 2 O after
photocatalytic uranium extraction was confirmed. This study presents
a pH-tolerant and recyclable photocatalyst with a Schottky junction
for uranium extraction from complex aqueous environments, offering
a viable strategy for sustainable nuclear fuel cycles.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2026
·
IF 5.4
Haidong Zeng,Yingxin Zhang,Tianyu Zhou,Chunbo Liu,Dongshu Sun
In-situ preparing robust CoFe 2 O 4 /PCN PMS activator for multi-pollutant degradation. • Complete degradation TC within 3 min with the rate constant 24-fold higher than CN • Degradation intermediates, routes and toxicity were explored • Wide light absorption, exposed active sites, and charge behavior boost photocatalysis Facing the urgent environmental crisis, it is imperative to create an efficient and robust technology for treating diverse pollutants in aquatic environments. Herein, a CoFe 2 O 4 /PCN composite was designed via a facile in-situ growth method, in which CoFe 2 O 4 uniformly grows on carbon nitride. This architecture not only forms a close interface that facilitates efficient charge separation and migration, but also introduces abundant mixed-valence metal sites, that serve as superior active centers for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation and subsequent organic pollutant removal. Specifically, under visible light, the optimized catalyst can 100% degrade TC within 3 min (complete degrade rhodamine B within 20 s, methyl orange within 40 s, and methylene blue within 3 min), and the rate constant was 24-fold higher than pristine CN, surpassing most reported catalysts. The catalyst also demonstrates excellent recyclability and broad pH adaptability. The mechanism behind the performance enhancement stems from the significantly broadened light absorption (supported by UV–vis DRS), fully exposed active sites (evidenced by SEM/TEM/AFM and N₂ adsorption), and enhanced charge behaviors (supported by PCR, EIS, PL/TRPL and KPFM), especially caused by strong internal electric field. At last, the active species, degradation intermediates and their toxicity were investigated using TC degradation as a model, coupled with DFT theoretical calculations. This work proposes a rational design strategy toward constructing efficient and robust photocatalysts, revealing significant promise for water remediation. Download: Download high-res image (269KB) Download: Download full-size image
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Huidong Tang,Chen Liu,Donggou Sun,Wenbo Zhang,Xiaohua Zhu,Yixing Ma,Jiacheng Bao,Kai Li,Xin Sun,Ping Ning
Fe 2 O 3 /g-C 3 N 4 accelerates Fe redox cycling for efficient H 2 O 2 activation. • g-C 3 N 4 pumps electrons to Fe sites, boosting interfacial charge transfer. • Alkaline microenvironment uniquely steers ROS pathway toward O 2 •− generation. • Process yields 93.2% NO x removal, converting NO into valuable N-resources. To overcome the challenges associated with low-temperature industrial flue gas denitrification, this study presents a highly efficient Fe 2 O 3 /g-C 3 N 4 heterogeneous Fenton catalyst synthesized via a facile impregnation approach. This composite effectively activates H 2 O 2 for deep NO x elimination. Under optimal alkaline conditions, the Fe 2 O 3 /g-C 3 N 4 system achieved a remarkable maximum NO x removal efficiency of 93.2%, while demonstrating exceptional durability by retaining over 80% efficiency across five consecutive reaction cycles. Comprehensive experimental characterization coupled with density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that g-C 3 N 4 serves as an electron-rich reservoir. This framework systematically accelerates the rate-limiting Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ redox cycling on the Fe 2 O 3 surface through enhanced interfacial charge transfer. Crucially, the alkaline environment uniquely steers the reactive oxygen species (ROS) evolution pathway toward the highly selective generation of superoxide radicals (O 2 •− ). These predominant O 2 •− species rapidly oxidized NO to form peroxynitrite intermediates, thereby promoting the deep conversion of NO into recoverable nitrate and nitrite products. This work provides a robust and scalable strategy for low-temperature NO ₓ purification and offers new mechanistic insights into how the reaction microenvironment regulates radical selectivity. Download: Download high-res image (294KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Chaoyang Wang,Xin Ma,Yun Zhao,Miaomiao Jin,Pingyi Zhang,Haifang Mao,Jibo Liu
Aromatic aldehydes and epoxides, synthesized through catalytic oxidation of olefins, are important intermediates in pharmaceuticals, fragrances, and resins. However, efficient and selective oxidation of olefins remains a significant challenge. In this work, a Co 3 O 4 nanoparticle-loaded graphitic carbon nitride (C 3 N 4 ) catalyst was developed for the selective oxidation of styrene using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as the oxidant. The Co-C 3 N 4 -15 catalyst achieved a styrene conversion of 94.6% and product selectivity of 96.4%. DFT calculations indicated that the activation energy for styrene oxide formation was significantly lower compared to benzaldehyde, which explained the higher selectivity for styrene oxide. This work demonstrates the potential of combining non-precious metal catalysts and green oxidants for sustainable chemical processes, offering a pathway to reduce reliance on high-energy industrial methods.
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JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
·
2025
·
IF 6.5
Wenli Zhang,Xu Han,Xianhong Zheng,Yi Yang,Zhiqi Zhao,Haiwei Yang,Yi Zhang,Chengbo Du,Zongqian Wang,Qingbo Xu,Changlong Li,Peng Wang
Solar-driven photocatalysis is inherently limited by its diurnal discontinuity. Herein, we report a V 2 O 5 /g-C 3 N 4 /Ti 3 C 2 triadic composite that transcends this limitation via a “micro proton-battery-like” mechanism, enabling round-the-clock catalytic activity. The optimized composite achieves 93.9 % tetracycline degradation under visible light and, remarkably, maintains 64.1 % efficiency in the dark. This is underpinned by an 8-fold higher electron storage capacity (0.16 μmol/mg) than pristine g-C 3 N 4 , achieved via reversible V 5+ /V 4+ redox transitions. DFT calculations corroborate charge localization in V 3d orbitals during the light-driven “charging” phase and subsequent Ti 3 C 2 -mediated electron release for ·O 2 − generation in the dark. This work establishes a groundbreaking paradigm that unifies photocatalysis with electrochemical energy storage for persistent environmental remediation.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Guanjian He,Yujiang Fan,Qiang Niu,Gelimei Zhang,Fenghui Wu,Dandan Chen,Chun Lv,Jie He,Haiying Lin,Minjie He
Elemental mercury (Hg 0 ) removal from coal combustion flue gas remains a significant challenge, primarily due to the limited uptake capacity and slow capture rate of commercial sorbents. Herein, the flower-like heterojunctions comprising ZIF-67-derived CoSe 2 uniformly dispersed in the layered g-C 3 N 4 (xCoSe 2 -CN), which were innovatively synthesized through an in-situ growth method followed by thermal selenization. The optimized 4CoSe 2 -CN exhibited exceptional Hg 0 capture performance, with an equilibrium capacity of 32.44 mg/g and an average rate of 10.47 μg/g/min, surpassing the most reported heterojunction materials. Furthermore, the satisfactory Hg 0 removal efficiency (>99 %) was maintained over a broad temperature window (25–140 °C) and under complex flue gas components. Notably, the sorbent demonstrated excellent recyclability, sustaining an average Hg 0 capture rate exceeding 90 % throughout five consecutive adsorption-regeneration cycles. The superior performance primarily originated from the heterojunction structure and the presence of under-coordinated selenide (Se 2 2− ). Interfacial electron redistribution modulated the electronic structure of CoSe 2 , inducing an upshift of d/p band centers and a reduced ∆ d-p band center gap, thereby significantly enhancing Hg 0 oxidation capability. Moreover, the Se 2 2− sites functioned as the dominant active centers for oxidizing Hg 0 to Hg 2+ and as binding sites for Hg 2+ to form HgSe. This work proposes an innovative strategy for designing MOF-derived heterojunction sorbents with modulated electronic structures to enable efficient Hg 0 capture.
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-15
·
IF 15.7
Sun Xichen,Zhu Pengqi,Tang Liuyan,Wang Pengfei,Li Ningning,Wang Qing,Lou Yan-Ru,Zhang Yuezhou,Li Peng
To tackle elevated blood glucose, multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections, and persistent inflammation in diabetic wounds, we present a therapeutic strategy that employs a photoswitch-controlled catalytic cascade reaction, utilizing a photocatalytic material engineered through the synergistic regulation of nitrogen vacancies and single-atom embedding. Under visible light illumination, the N vacancy exist in g-C 3 N 4 (CN) significantly enhances photocatalytic glucose oxidation to regulate the hyperglycemia condition at diabetic wound sites, and the atomically dispersed Cu promotes the generation of •OH and •O 2 – to efficiently eliminate MDR bacteria ( > 99.9%). Under dark conditions, excess ROS are scavenged by Cu/CN, reducing inflammation of wounds and promoting polarization of M2 macrophages. Serum biochemical and vital organs histopathological analyses after 14 days of treatment confirm the biosafety profile of Cu/CN. This photoswitchable cascade reaction effectively treats MDR bacterial-infected diabetic wounds in male mice, highlighting its potential for antibiotic-free therapy with promising clinical translation applications.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Yawen Cai,Ming Fang,Ying Xu,Muhammad Wakeel,Baowei Hu,Xiangke Wang
The complexity of real-water environments urged us to explore efficient photocatalytic systems for U(VI) extraction, especially considering the robustness against variable environmental factors. Herein, a type II heterojunction was engineered by integrating ultrathin g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets and CdS nanoparticles (GCN-3CS) for visible-light-driven U(VI) extraction without sacrificial agent in both aerobic and O 2 -free environments. GCN-3CS demonstrated broad pH adaptability, achieving ~95 % of U(VI) removal efficiency after 120 min of illumination at pH 4.0, while revealing accelerated kinetics at pH 5.0–8.5 with over 95 % of U(VI) elimination reached within just 60 min of visible-light irradiation. The photocatalytic performance of GCN-3CS exhibited temperature dependence, achieving over 95 % of U(VI) removal within 30, 45, and 60 min at 50, 35, and 20 °C, respectively. GCN-3CS showed exceptional tolerance to high salinity (up to 1.0 M NaNO 3 ) and excellent anti-interference capability against various coexisting ions. The reusability and environmental adaptability of GCN-3CS were validated and attained the satisfied performance. Furthermore, mechanistic studies based on macroscopic experiments and spectral characterizations revealed that the extraction of U(VI) was controlled by photocatalytic reduction-oxidation under aerobic conditions and solely by photocatalytic reduction under O 2 -free conditions. This work advanced the design of ideal photocatalyst for U(VI) extraction from complex water environments and provided a feasible strategy for managing water radioactive contaminations through the tunable heterojunction engineering.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 13.2
Rong Ma,Xiaochun Tao,Shuo Li,Chenglong Chen,Qinqin Liu,Shaosheng Rao,Juan Yang
Two-dimensional (2D/2D) heterojunction photocatalysts hold great promise for solar-driven antibacterial disinfection owing to their unique interfacial architectures and tunable electronic properties. However, insufficient interfacial electronic coupling and ineffective charge separation still hinder their practical performance. Here, a sulfur-doped g-C 3 N 4 /Ti 3 C 2 Tx-MXene (SCN/MXene) 2D/2D heterojunction is rationally designed to enable efficient charge separation and transfer, delivering superior solar-driven antibacterial activity with remarkable stability. Combined experimental and theoretical analyses reveal that sulfur doping modulates the electronic structure of g-C 3 N 4 , elevates its Fermi level, and strengthens interfacial electronic coupling with Ti 3 C 2 Tx-MXene, thereby enhancing the built-in electric field and facilitating charge transfer across the interface. Moreover, S-doping induces interfacial charge redistribution, enhancing O 2 adsorption and activation at Ti sites and thereby accelerating the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Consequently, SCN/MXene achieves nearly complete inactivation of Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus within 60 min under solar irradiation, outperforming most of the state-of-the-art photocatalysts.
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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
·
2026
·
IF 4.6
Ya Zou,Mei Chen,Qingzhi Liu,Kezhen Qi,Jieli He
This study reports the successful synthesis of graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (g-C 3 N 4 QDs) that demonstrate remarkable fluorescence properties and excellent dispersion through a hydrothermal method. Leveraging the specific fluorescence quenching effect of ag + on g-C 3 N 4 QDs together with the strong chelating affinity of glutathione (GSH) for ag + , a novel “on–off–on” fluorescence sensing platform was developed to enable sequential and highly sensitive detection of both ag + and GSH. This probe exhibited outstanding sensitivity, anti-interference ability, and selectivity with detection limits of 0.0114 μM for ag + and 0.3916 μM for GSH. Mechanistic studies revealed that the fluorescence “off” state was mainly governed by a photoinduced electron-transfer (PET) effect, with additional contributions from the internal filtering effect (IFE). Conversely, the fluorescence “on” state was restored when GSH coordinated with ag + , thereby blocking the PET pathway and recovering the intrinsic fluorescence of g-C₃N₄ QDs. Furthermore, spiked-recovery experiments in real water and serum samples yielded satisfactory results, demonstrating the sensor's strong practical applicability and providing a reliable analytical approach for environmental monitoring and biomedical analysis
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