DESALINATION
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Yimin Qu,Changliang Lu,Gaofeng Zhang,Zhu Hu,Dajian Huang,Xiaohu Qiang,Yanping Wang
With the escalating global water crisis, solar-driven interfacial evaporation has garnered significant attention as a sustainable desalination technology. However, it still faces challenges such as low evaporation efficiency, salt accumulation, and insufficient durability under real-world conditions. To address these issues, this study used chitosan (CTS) as a matrix to disperse carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with the assistance of palygorskite (Pal). The resulting Pal-CNTs composites were incorporated into the CTS matrix to prepare high-performance aerogels aimed at enhancing solar interfacial evaporation efficiency. The results show that Pal effectively prevents CNT aggregation, enabling uniform dispersion within the CTS matrix and resulting in enhanced light absorption and thermal management. Inspired by the multichannel structure of plant xylem, CTS/Pal/CNTs composite aerogels (CPC) with vertical pores were fabricated using directional freeze-drying. The combination of superhydrophilicity imparted by CTS and Pal, along with the vertical pore structure, allows the CPC to efficiently store and transport water. The CPC can produce up to 13.1 kg m −2 of water per day in outdoor conditions. Moreover, the vertical pore architecture and continuous water supply enable rapid salt diffusion, effectively resisting salt crystallization and maintaining stable performance even in high-salinity brine. The resulting solar evaporator also demonstrates robust mechanical strength and long-term stability, showing great potential for practical freshwater production.
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MACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 4.1
Zihan Ma,Chengde Liu,Yizheng Li,Xigao Jian
The implant-soft tissue interface is critical for successful integration. However, developing multifunctional coatings that combine antibacterial action, strong interfacial adhesion, and regenerative capacity remains a significant challenge. This study presents a novel hydrogel coating for surface modification of phthalazinone-naphthalene-based Poly(phthalazinone ether ketone) (PPEK) implants. The coating consists of an MgO nanoparticle-embedded, photocrosslinked gelatin/chitosan hydrogel functionalized with NHS groups. XPS and 1 H NMR analyses confirmed that NHS groups mediate covalent bonding. This bonding occurs with amine moieties on both plasma-activated PPEK implants and soft tissues, substantially improving interfacial adhesion. The coating demonstrated dual functionality: broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and sustained Mg 2 ⁺ release. The released Mg 2 ⁺ exhibited multiphase bioeffects. These bioeffects include enhanced migration of L929 fibroblasts, HUVECs, and HaCaT keratinocytes; stimulated HUVEC tubulogenesis; and upregulated extracellular matrix synthesis. Both in vitro and in vivo assessments revealed synergistic acceleration of collagen deposition and angiogenesis. This synergy facilitates rapid soft tissue regeneration. Subcutaneous implantation models demonstrated dual integration mechanisms: NHS-driven covalent adhesion and Mg 2 ⁺-mediated bioactive remodeling via cellular activation. These results position the MgO-integrated nanocomposite hydrogel as a multifunctional therapeutic coating. It simultaneously addresses microbial resistance, interfacial stability, and tissue regeneration for optimized implant-soft tissue integration. The design paradigm merges physicochemical bonding with ion-modulated bioactivity. This approach offers a strategic solution for complex interface engineering in biomedical implants.
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Biomaterials Science
·
2025
·
IF 5.7
Zhenxing Han,Ting Wang,Ruotong Ma,Mariem Elmalkig,Siyu Cheng,Chuang Li,Dandan Li,Zhenglian Xue,Guangjun Nie
Noncovalent chitosan (CS)/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel has been characterized by favorable cytocompatibility, biodegradability and non-toxicity. It bears a close resemblance to human skin and holds promising potential applications in medical engineering. Nevertheless, the CS/HA hydrogels have yet to achieve widespread application due to the relatively weak toughness. In this study, salts were utilized to regulate the mechanical properties of CS/HA hydrogel. The results indicated that copper nitrate was the most effective regulator, which transformed intramolecular hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions into intermolecular hydrogen bonds and cation chelations, respectively. The regular domains in the hydrogel were reduced while the crosslink was strengthened. Consequently, the toughness of the hydrogel was increased to 7.8 MJ/m3, 1253-fold that of covalent CS/HA hydrogel. The salt effect was replicated in the other two hydrogels, attesting to its generality. Hence, salt regulation proves to be an effective way to enhance mechanical properties of hydrogel. In addition, the copper nitrate-regulated hydrogel exhibited favorable drug delievring behavior and photothermal response. Under the exposure of near-infrared light, the release rate and amount of the drug loaded in the hydrogel were increased by 40% and 39% respectively within 20 minutes, manifesting a remarkable potential for application as a drug carrier.
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JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 1.6
Wang Weiran,He Hui,Wang Zhifen
In this study, two new, highly selective, acid-resistant and reusable functionalized magnetic chitosan-based composites (FOS@C-DTPA and FOS@C-PBTCA) were successfully prepared. The adsorption performance of the composites was systematically evaluated through controlled variations in solution pH, exposure time, and starting uranium content, while the underlying mechanisms for uranium uptake were analyzed using kinetic models and thermodynamic equilibrium studies. In the multi-ion competition experiments, a high degree of selectivity for U(VI) was demonstrated; good cyclic regeneration performance was shown in both cycling experiments. XPS analysis combined with complementary characterization techniques demonstrated that uranium adsorption was predominantly caused by surfaces complexation between U(VI) ions and the composite material’s abundant functional groups rich in carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen on the composite material. At pH 5, FOS@C-PBTCA demonstrated an adsorption capacity of 303.53 mg·g −1 , while FOS@C-DTPA achieved 487.39 mg·g −1 at pH 6. The proposed approach aims to achieve efficient and selective uranium extraction by leveraging an anion-assisted synergistic mechanism, enabled through the rational design of acid-resistant and recyclable magnetic composite adsorbents.
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IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2023
·Vol. 32
·期 9
·1189-1197
·
IF 3.1
Luo Yanrong,Lu Chunlan,Zhang Xiaolin,Zhan Shiping
With the widespread use of hydrogels, injectable hydrogels for the human body require higher safety and non-toxicity. The most important is the choice of cross-linking agent to be green. In this study, acylated chitosan macromolecular crosslinkers (MCS) were prepared by maleic acid (MA) and chitosan (CS). Its structure was confirmed by FTIR and 1 H NMR and its degree of acylation was also determined. Then, a series of polymeric network hydrogels were investigated. The cross-linked copolymer poly( N -isopropyacrylamide-maleic acid copolymer)/acylated chitosan P(NIPAM- co -MA)/MCS is a series of thermosensitive hydrogels formed by free radical polymerization of NIPAM and MA with MCS as cross-linking agent. The apparent morphology, thermosensitive transition point, and hydrophilicity were investigated. The results show that the hydrogel has a homogeneous pore structure inside. The optimal low critical solution temperature (LCST) was 36.66 ℃. In addition, with the increase of maleic acid content, the water contact angle of the hydrogel is smaller, that is, the hydrophilic effect is better. The results indicate that the P(NIPAM- co -MA)/MCS hydrogels were synthesized successfully and may be a potential material for biomedical, drug delivery, or absorption application. This study can provide a certain research basis and relevant theoretical basis for clinical practice. Graphical abstract
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Desalination and Water Treatment
·
2024
·
IF 1
Kang Wen,Yi Li,Shuxing Zhang,Xiaoting Zhang,Runping Han
Chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol-iron (CS-PVA-Fe) composite films with acid resistance and large adsorption capacity were prepared by doping trivalent iron, chitosan, and polyvinyl alcohol. The adsorption mechanism of Congo red (CR) on the composite films was investigated by changing the adsorption conditions (temperature, pH, salt) and characterization (isoelectric point, infrared spectroscopy, photoelectric spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy). The results showed that the adsorption capacity of the composite film was 450 mg g –1 at pH 5.0, and the adsorption of CR by high concentration salt had only a slight negative effect. The adsorption was following Langmuir, pseudo-first-order kinetics and pseudo-second-order kinetics model, which showed that the adsorption process was based on the single-layer heterogeneous adsorption, and there were both physical and chemical adsorption processes. Thermodynamic analysis shows that adsorption was spontaneous, endothermic and entropy increasing process. According to the characterization analysis, the adsorption mechanism of CR was mainly hydrogen bonding, ion exchange, and complexation. Also, the desorption of CR-loaded film can be performed using 75% alcohol at pH 12. The results showed that CS-PVA-Fe composite films are promising as a suitable candidate for the efficient removal of CR from solution.
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WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2018
·Vol. 2017
·期 1
·16-26
·
IF 1.247
Liu Zejun,Zhou Shaoqi
In this study, we provide the first documented removal of humic acid (HA) from aqueous solution using polyacrylamide/chitosan (PAAm/CS) semi-IPN hydrogel. The prepared semi-IPN hydrogel was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The factors effecting HA adsorption performance were individually tested, including initial pH, ionic strength, contact time, initial HA concentration, and temperature. The results indicated that semi-IPN hydrogel was successfully fabricated and can be applied in a wide pH range, from 3 to 9. Low ionic strength effectively enhanced the adsorption capacity. As the ionic strength increased, this enhancement was less obvious but still positive. The adsorption kinetics were fitted to a pseudo-first-order kinetic model, and the adsorption isotherm was described using the Sips isotherm model. The HA adsorption capacity increased with increasing temperature. The maximum adsorption capacity has the potential to attain 166.30 mg g −1 , based on the Sips isotherm at 25 °C. Experiments demonstrated that the HA adsorption process can be primarily attributed to electrostatic interactions, and hydrogen bonding was also involved. Facile synthesis and good adsorptive performance indicate that semi-IPN hydrogel can be used for removing HA from water.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2015
·
IF 6.723
Jianyong Sheng,Limei Han,Jing Qin,Ge Ru,Ruixiang Li,Lihong Wu,Dongqi Cui,Pei Yang,Yuwei He,Jianxin Wang
Although several strategies have been applied for oral insulin delivery to improve insulin bioavailability, little success has been achieved. To overcome multiple barriers to oral insulin absorption simultaneously, insulin-loaded N-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC)-coated polylactide-co-glycoside (PLGA) nanoparticles (Ins TMC-PLGA NPs) were formulated in our study. The Ins TMC-PLGA NPs were prepared using the double-emulsion solvent evaporation method and were characterized to determine their size (247.6 ± 7.2 nm), ζ-potential (45.2 ± 4.6 mV), insulin-loading capacity (7.8 ± 0.5%) and encapsulation efficiency (47.0 ± 2.9%). The stability and insulin release of the nanoparticles in enzyme-containing simulated gastrointestinal fluids suggested that the TMC-PLGA NPs could partially protect insulin from enzymatic degradation. Compared with unmodified PLGA NPs, the positively charged TMC-PLGA NPs could improve the mucus penetration of insulin in mucus-secreting HT29-MTX cells, the cellular uptake of insulin via clathrin- or adsorption-mediated endocytosis in Caco-2 cells and the permeation of insulin across a Caco-2 cell monolayer through tight junction opening. After oral administration in mice, the TMC-PLGA NPs moved more slowly through the gastrointestinal tract compared with unmodified PLGA NPs, indicating the mucoadhesive property of the nanoparticles after TMC coating. Additionally, in pharmacological studies in diabetic rats, orally administered Ins TMC-PLGA NPs produced a stronger hypoglycemic effect, with 2-fold higher relative pharmacological availability compared with unmodified NPs. In conclusion, oral insulin absorption is improved by TMC-PLGA NPs with the multiple absorption barriers overcome simultaneously. TMC-PLGA NPs may be a promising drug delivery system for oral administration of macromolecular therapeutics.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 7.1
Lihua Li,Qianru Su,Ke Xu,Li Ren,Qiuhan Zhao,Qiushuang Wu,Junfang Xia,Xin Lü,Li Wang
Surfactants are extensively utilized in food, pharmaceutical, and industrial fields owing to their distinct interfacial properties. Nonetheless, their defects of poor biocompatibility and biodegradability impose a significant burden on the natural environment and on human health. Herein, we design cinnamic acid-functionalized chitosan (CC) as a biobased surfactant by substituting certain hydrophilic amino groups in chitosan molecular chains with the hydrophobic benzene rings of cinnamic acid. CC, exhibiting a surface contact angle close to 90°, demonstrates exceptional emulsification capabilities. Molecular simulations suggest that there is substantial interaction energy between CC and water, oil, and CC molecules. CC can be self-assembled into a gel network or stably distributed at the oil–water interface based on the interaction of polar groups with water and between hydrophobic groups with oil. Leveraging these interfacial characteristics, CC can be employed in the preparation of high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), cell scaffolds with adjustable pore sizes, and aerogels for oil–water separation and dye adsorption. Notably, HIPEs loaded with curcumin and quercetin exhibit robust stability in gastric juice, intestinal targeted release, noncytotoxicity, and resistance to bacterial and mold growth even after 90 days. This work provides some references for the development of new biobased surfactants.
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CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 2.5
Jingmin Cui,Yan Sun,Linqing Wang,Yuting Ji,Huishuang Zhao,Mingzhi Sun,Zhanyong Guo,Fang Dong
Quaternary ammonium salts of chitosan have been widely used in the development of anti-microbial biomaterials for their important role in inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. However, it is important to modify its structure to obtain more efficient and biologically active derivatives. Herein, a series of chitosan derivatives with antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and non-cytotoxic properties was synthesized. These four quaternary ammonium salts of chitosan were prepared by incorporating 2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde, 2-furancarboxaldehyde, 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde and benzaldehyde to form schiff bases, followed by a reductive amination to obtain the chitosan N -derivatives, and quaternized by iodomethane. The inhibition rate of thiophenecarboxaldehyde chitosan trimethyl ammonium iodide (TpTMC) to B. cinerea could reach 93.78% and the inhibition ability of pyridinecarboxaldehyde chitosan trimethyl ammonium iodide (PyTMC) to F. graminearum could reach 98.08% at the concentration of 1.0 mg/mL. Furthermore, furancarboxaldehyde chitosan trimethyl ammonium iodide (FrTMC) exhibited a strong ability to scavenge hydroxyl radicals and DPPH radicals, especially the DPPH radicals scavenging ability was comparable to that of L-ascorbic acid at the concentration of 1.6 mg/mL. The B3LYP/6-311++G (d, p) basis set was employed to determine electronic properties, including HOMO-LUMO energies, and to analyze the chemical reactivity of the compounds. L929 cells were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of compounds at different concentrations (1−1000 μg/mL). The results demonstrated the diverse applications of aromatic ring-modified quaternary ammonium salts of chitosan, along with their significant antioxidant and antifungal effects against plant fungi. Therefore, these compounds have potential applications in the preparation of agricultural, biological, and medical materials.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2026
·
IF 8.7
An Gao,Fengyu Wang,Xiaonan Cui,Jin Wu,Chunyang Sun,Zhaoxiang Ye
Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death driven by lipid peroxidation, has emerged as a promising strategy for combination with chemotherapy in cancer treatment. However, the rational design of delivery systems capable of simultaneously inducing ferroptosis, enhancing chemotherapy efficacy, and reducing systemic toxicity remains a substantial challenge. Herein, we developed a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive, ionically crosslinked chitosan/hyaluronan polyelectrolyte nanogel for targeted chemo-ferroptosis combination therapy. In this system, hyaluronic acid (HA) was first esterified with 1,2-bis (2-hydroxyethylthio) ethylene (BE) and subsequently conjugated with methotrexate (MTX) through a ROS-cleavable linkage, yielding an anionic HA- BE -MTX polymeric prodrug. Protonated chitosan (CS) served as the cationic polymeric component, while sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) further stabilized the nanogel network through ionic crosslinking. Sorafenib (SOR), a ferroptosis inducer, was physically encapsulated during the ionotropic gelation process. The resulting R-NG MS nanogels were designed to maintain colloidal stability under physiological conditions and to undergo ROS-triggered network loosening and drug release in the tumor microenvironment, where oxidative stress is elevated. This dual-delivery system enabled ROS-responsive MTX release and SOR-mediated ferroptosis induction, thereby promoting ROS accumulation, glutathione depletion, GPX4 suppression, lipid peroxidation, and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. In vivo studies demonstrated that R-NG MS efficiently accumulated in 4T1 tumors through prolonged circulation and HA-CD44-mediated tumor targeting, achieving a tumor growth inhibition rate of 75.85% with reduced systemic toxicity compared with free drug treatment. These findings demonstrate that ionically crosslinked CS/HA-based polyelectrolyte nanogels provide an effective and selective platform for ROS-responsive chemo-ferroptosis combination therapy.
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ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2026
·Vol. 8
·期 14
·12107-12115
·
IF 5.2
Xu Faou,Lin Yilin,Li Chengpeng,Zhang Peng,Zhang Tong
Self-healing soft materials that enable real-time healing
monitoring
and multi-responsive functionality remain challenging to develop.
Here, we design a series of chitosan–polysiloxane elastomer
composites (PDMS-CS/X) based solely on supramolecular physical interactions
, including hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking.
These supramolecular networks enable efficient room-temperature self-healing
performance. By incorporating anthracene moieties, the composites
exhibit reversible [4 + 4] photodimerization under 365 nm UV irradiation
and cleavage under 254 nm UV irradiation, along with intrinsic fluorescence.
This photoresponsive fluorescence switching behavior allows real-time,
non-destructive visualization of the healing process and endows the
material with photo-patternability. Furthermore, the PDMS-CS/X exhibited
typical shape memory properties due to the rapid exchange of hydrogen
bonds, enabling shape editing of the material. Overall, this supramolecular
platform integrates self-healing, healing visualization, fluorescence
switching, and shape memory, showing promise for photopatterning and
and extendability to 3D-printing applications.
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