Scientific Reports
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2026
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·8120
·
IF 4.9
Roopalakshmi R.,Kailas Saurabh,Sreelatha R.
The increasing digitization and transmission of government-issued electronic documents have intensified the need to protect the ’Handwritten signatures’-recognized as ’critical biometric identifiers’ from identity-related data breaches. For instance, as per 2025-RSA ID IQ Report, 40% of respondents reported Identity-related data breaches and 66% emphasized the significant damages caused by these breaches to their organizations. The existing privacy-preserving anonymization research is primarily focusing on facial features and fingerprints, whereas the Pseudonymization of handwritten signatures in publicly accessible documents remains largely underexplored in the literature. This research study proposes a new Fully Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based Pseudonymization framework using SuperPoint architecture integrated with Differentiable output decoding, which aims to identify and pseudonymize the handwritten signatures in public-domain documents, specifically in Indian Government issued Permanent Account Number (PAN) cards. In contrast to traditional anonymization approaches, this pseudonymization technique preserves document utility by securing sensitive data and thereby enables traceable identity protection without compromising the structural integrity of input documents. Extensive evaluations are carried out on a curated dataset of 500+ real-world PAN cards, which establishes the model’s robustness and applicability in large-scale deployments. The results of comparative analysis with baseline techniques including ORB, FAST, SIFT and deep CNN, clearly demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method in terms of various metrics such as Precision, Recall, SSIM, runtime efficiency, and spatial overhead. In addition, the research findings suggest practical implications for embedding CNN-based pseudonymization into Public-sector Document processing pipelines, which supports secure and utility-preserved digital archiving in compliance with modern privacy GDPR standards.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Ye Shiju,Zhao Yanbo,Tu Hanxiao,Han Xue,Liu Tong,Gong Yingchao,Lu Jiangting,Jin Tingting,Luo Wu,Qu Xuefeng,Lai Dongwu,Fu Guosheng,Liang Guang
Hypertensive heart failure highlights an urgent need for effective therapeutic strategies. Protein kinases regulate multiple pathways in cardiac pathophysiology and may provide promising therapeutic targets. Here, we identified a Cyclin-dependent kinase, CDK9, promoting inflammation and cardiac remodeling in terminally differentiated cardiomyocytes. Firstly, kinase enrichment analysis and experimental evidence revealed CDK9 phosphorylation at Thr-186 in both human and mouse hypertrophic heart tissues. CDK9 loss of function via T186A mutation in cardiomyocytes attenuated Ang II-induced heart remodeling and NF-κB-mediated inflammation, whereas CDK9 overactivation by T186E mutation induces. This regulatory function of CDK9 in cardiac remodeling is cell cycle-independent. Further studies demonstrate that the kinase domain of CDK9 directly binds to NF-κB P65 protein, which leads to the CDK9/P65 complex nuclear translocation, P65 phosphorylation, and transcription of inflammatory and hypertrophic genes in cardiomyocytes. This process requires CDK9 Thr-186 phosphorylation and Cyclin T1 presence, but is independent on IKKβ and CDK9-RNAPII pathways. Pharmacological inhibition of CDK9 phosphorylation significantly attenuated Ang II-induced cardiac inflammation, remodeling, and dysfunction in mice. Collectively, Ang II-activated CDK9 directly binds to and phosphorylates P65 to drive cardiac inflammation and remodeling. This study identifies CDK9 as a potential target in heart failure therapeutics.
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CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY
·
2026
·Vol. 83
·期 5
·250
·
IF 2.8
Tang Huiling,Zheng Zhouqing,Chen Mingsheng,Chen Xiaohui,Yan Dongqiang,Li Hong,Tuo Li,Li Feina
A Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped and aerobic actinobacterium, designated strain M2MS4P-6 T , was isolated from surface-sterilized bark of Sonneratia apetala . The isolate was able to grow at 15–40 °C (optimum, 30–37 °C), at pH 6–8 (optimum, pH 7) and in the presence of 0–11% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2%). Strain M2MS4P-6 T showed the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities (95.5–98.9%) with the members of the genus Actinotalea . Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and up-to-date bacterial core genes consistently showed that strain M2MS4P-6 T clustered tightly with Actinotalea lenta GDMCC 1.3827 T and formed an independent evolutionary branch. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization (19.5–21.6%), average nucleotide identity (72.5–78.7%) and average amino acid identity (55.3–75.9%) values between strain M2MS4P-6 T and the Actinotalea species were lower than the thresholds for species delineation, indicating that strain M2MS4P-6 T was a new species of the genus Actinotalea . The genomic G + C content of strain M2MS4P-6 T was 72.9%. The major polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside, one unidentified phospholipid and two unidentified lipids. The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-8(H 4 ), and the major fatty acids were C 16:0 , anteiso-C 15:0 and C 14:0 . Gene functional analysis revealed that strain M2MS4P-6 T harbored an effective osmoregulation system to adapt the mangrove environment. Based on polyphasic taxonomic data, strain M2MS4P-6 T is considered to represent a novel Actinotalea species, for which the name Actinotalea endophytica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is M2MS4P-6 T (= CGMCC 4.7527 T =KCTC 49194 T ).
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Communications Biology
·
2026
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·390
·
IF 5.8
Li Keying,Zhao Xinying,Xie Zhuoyi,Wu Qiuchen,Jia Wenlu,Zhou Xiangrong,Gao Xiang,Zeng Ping,Li Jing,Niu Qiao,Qi Zhipeng,Cui Mengqiao,Song Weiyi
Lanthanum (La), the second most produced rare earth element, is detected in various environmental and human samples. Epidemiological studies have reported a strong association between La exposure and liver injury. However, the effects of early La exposure on liver development and underlying mechanisms remain limited. Here, we evaluate the hepatotoxicity of LaCl 3 at environmentally relevant concentrations using zebrafish larvae. Embryonic LaCl 3 exposure causes concentration-dependent hepatic steatosis, which cannot be reversed after exposure cessation. Metabolomic profiling reveals that very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and its multiple downstream metabolites are consistently downregulated upon LaCl 3 treatment, together with increased triglycerides (TG) level, indicating impaired TG-VLDL biosynthesis. In addition, transcriptomics suggest that genes related to the PPAR α signaling pathway are significantly downregulated, especially those involved in TG-VLDL biosynthesis ( mttp and all apob subtypes). Further studies show that LaCl 3 can inhibit the transcriptional regulatory activity of PPAR α . The upregulation of the PPAR α signaling pathway corresponding genes of ppara , mttp , and apob effectively rescues LaCl 3 -induced liver impairments. Subsequently, a subcellular localization assay finds that increased ApoB degradation in the endoplasmic reticulum contributes to LaCl 3 -triggered lipid droplet accumulation. Overall, our findings fill critical research gaps regarding LaCl 3 -induced hepatotoxicity and provide important evidence for the environmental risk assessment of La.
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JOURNAL OF FLUORESCENCE
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2025
·Vol. 36
·期 2
·1727-1743
·
IF 3.1
Liu Shili,Yao Xuemei,Zhang Xinyue,Sheng Kai,Wang Chenyi,Zhu Tong,Yu Ruijin,Xing Guoxiu
In this study, a series of Ce 3+ , Eu 2+ , and Ce 3+ /Eu 2+ co-doped oxyapatite Ba 2 La 3 (SiO 4 ) 2 (PO 4 )O (BLSPO) phosphors were synthesized by the high-temperature solid-phase method. The crystal structure, luminescent properties and application prospects of the material were systematically studied. BLSPO crystallizes in the P 6 3 / m space group (No. 176), exhibiting experimentally confirmed high crystallinity. Photoluminescence and excitation spectroscopy analysis indicated that the BLSPO: Eu 2+ phosphor could be effectively excited at 370 nm and was highly suitable for use in LED chips. The emission spectrum of BLSPO: Eu 2+ phosphor shows a broadband emission peak of Eu 2+ ions, with the peak at 510 nm. Through Gaussian fitting, this peak can be further fitted to two different emission centers at 507 nm and 536 nm, corresponding respectively to the M(I) and M(II) coordination environments within the BLSPO matrix. Under 315 nm excitation, the BLSPO: x Ce 3+ phosphor demonstrates a broad emission band peaking around 428 nm, with experimental results identifying 10 mol% as the optimal cerium ion doping concentration for maximal performance. In the BLSPO: Ce 3+ , Eu 2+ co-doped system, the energy transfer mechanism between Ce 3+ and Eu 2+ was studied, and the energy transfer efficiency η value gradually increased from 0% to 86.96% with the increase of Eu 2+ concentration. The mechanism of energy transfer is dipole-dipole interaction mechanisms. The thermal stability of the BLSPO:10 mol%Ce 3+ , 10 mol%Eu 2+ samples was tested, and the sensitivity factors S a and S r reached their respective maximum values of 2.61 × 10 − 2 K − 1 and 0.99% K − 1 at 480 K. The thermal stability test of BLSPO:5 mol%Eu 2+ shows that at 420 K, the sample maintains 52% of its initial luminous intensity. Therefore, the CIE chromaticity coordinates of the green LED packaged with BLSPO:10 mol% Eu 2+ phosphor is (0.263, 0.466), the CIE chromaticity coordinates of the w-LED are (0.335, 0.355), the color rendering index ( R a ) is 92, and the correlated color temperature (CCT) is 5366 K.
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FIBERS AND POLYMERS
·
2026
·
IF 3.1
Zha Beibei,Xu Qingbo,Zhang Jinlong,Zhang Yanyan,Xing Jian
In low-temperature environments, ice formation on the surface of cotton fabrics significantly limits their practical applications. To address the aforementioned challenges associated with cotton fabrics, this work developed anti-icing/de-icing and spontaneous de-wetting cotton fabrics using aminopropyl terminated polydimethyl siloxane (AT-PDMS), 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxaldehyde (1,3,5-BTB), and Fe 3 O 4 microspheres. AT-PDMS, due to its low surface energy and excellent flexibility, imparted fundamental anti-icing properties to the fabric. 1,3,5-BTB cross-linked with AT-PDMS through reversible chemical reactions, forming self-healing superhydrophobic coatings on the fabric surface. Additionally, the incorporation of Fe₃O₄ microspheres into the composite coating endowed the fabric with photo-thermal conversion capability, thereby providing the de-icing and spontaneous de-wetting properties. As a results, the composite coatings endow the fabric with excellent superhydrophobic properties, with the water contact angle (WCA) was reached at 161.5° ± 0.7°. Under 0.5 sun irradiation for 7 min, the surface temperature of the finished fabric was increased from 26.4 °C to 107.7 °C, showing outstanding photo-thermal properties. The results demonstrated that the finished fabric exhibits a significantly reduced ice adhesion strength, photo-thermal de-icing and spontaneous de-wetting properties. This approach provides a viable strategy for the development of novel functional textile materials and shows promising application potential in fields such as outdoor apparel and aerospace engineering.
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FIBERS AND POLYMERS
·
2026
·
IF 3.1
Li Bai,Niu Wen Hao,Qi Li Tao,Zhang Yan Jun,Zhao Cun You
Experimental and numerical investigations are conducted to characterize the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) fluid cone in the solution blow spinning (SBS) process. The fluid cone evolution is captured by an industrial microscope camera. A novel force analysis based on air drag force, outside pressure, inside pressure, and surface tension is performed. Numerical methods are applied to analyze the flow field near the concave cone and spindle. The results show that the ethanol improves the spinnability of PVP solutions by simultaneously increasing viscosity and reducing surface tension. A droplet-to-fluid cone evolution model is observed for the first time in the SBS process, and a thin fluid cone represents the ideal spray pattern for fiber production. The increase in viscosity causes fluid cones to appear under lower air pressure conditions. The fluid cone contracts with increasing air pressure but expands with increased feed ration or solution viscosity. Reducing the average fiber diameter can be achieved by suppressing the fluid cone size. The instability of the fluid cone is mainly attributed to insufficient air drag force, premature solidification, and fiber whipping. The low-speed reverse airflow makes the concave cone favorable for preventing premature solidification. In the SBS process, the formation of the fluid cone results from the interaction of three control parameters: outside pressure, inside pressure, and surface tension.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Wang Xue,Zhong Yuan,Li Tingting,Xu Lingzhang,Xu Wenwu,Yang Yingguo,Fan Chunru,Dong Weinan,Luo Guizhong,Jiang Feng,Zhang Fujun,Lu Min,Zhang Yu,Wu Zhennan,Bai Xue
Metal nanoclusters (NCs) are attracting increasing attention for their molecule-like photoluminescence (PL) properties, while achieving emission tuning remains a challenge. Here, we report the solvation-triggered isomerization of surface terminations and modulation of electron transfer dynamics in the 6-mercaptopurine-9-β-D-ribofuranoside (6-MPR)-protected gold NCs, to attain a controllable emission spanning widely from 495 nm sky-blue to 800 nm near-infrared light. Specifically, the isomerization of 6-MPR gives Au(I)-thione isomer terminals (i.e., R 1 domain) and Au(I)-thiol isomer terminals (i.e., R 2 domain), confers the gold NCs with two prominent emission bands at 590 nm (i.e., PL I from the electron transfer emission state) and 770 nm (i.e., PL II from the triplet state), respectively. The further solvation of gold NCs is rationally designed by mapping out fourteen different organic solvents into four categories referring to their inherent properties of viscosity, polarity, coordination ability, and the strength of proton-giving capacity. This allows for rational conversion between R 1 and R 2 domains, and is concurrent with modulation of the proton-coupled electron transfer dynamics and thus customizable emission tuning.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Zhang Yong,Qi Ying,Zhou Haiqing,Zhang Yan,Sun Jingying,Ma Wenqi,Hu Jiayi,Feng Ligang,Yu Fang
Glycerol electrooxidation emerges as an electrochemically cogent paradigm to supplant the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction in water electrolysis. However, most non-precious catalysts still suffer from large electrolytic voltage and poor stability when operating at industrially relevant current densities. Here, we develop a heterostructure catalyst by immobilizing abundant cobalt phosphide (CoP) nanoparticles on conductive cobalt nitride (Co 2 N 0.67 ) support, which results in the construction of a strong built-in electric field at the heterointerface. The optimal catalyst demonstrates effective bifunctional catalytic performance, yielding an industrial-level current density of 500 mA cm −2 at low potentials of −141 mV and 1.44 V for hydrogen evolution and glycerol oxidation, respectively. When integrated into a flow cell system, this catalyst maintains good stability for 260 hours at 1 A cm −2 (1.67 V) while preserving > 85% Faradaic efficiency for formate production. Both theoretical and experimental analyses substantiate that the built-in electric field drives directional electron transfer from CoP to Co 2 N 0.67 , forming an electron-deficient region at the CoP interface that enriches OH* species, and an electron-rich region at the Co 2 N 0.67 interface, facilitating hydrogen adsorption, thereby expediting the glycerol and H* co-adsorption process. Multiple in-situ spectroscopic characterizations verify the existence of a combined direct/indirect oxidation mechanism for glycerol electrooxidation. This discovery sets the stage for low-voltage hydrogen production by hybrid water splitting using the excess electrical power whenever and wherever available.
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Nature Protocols
·
2026
·
IF 18.4
Qiu Pengpeng,Zhu Guihua,Li Minghao,Bao Weichao,Jiang Ying,Wang Lianjun,Jiang Wan,Luo Wei
Intermetallic nanoparticles (iNPs) exhibit ordered superlattice structures characterized by unique properties, for example, long-range ordering, robust metallic bonding and site-isolation effects. Multicomponent (>2) iNPs are particularly interesting for the development of advanced metallic catalysts for electrochemical applications. Integration of iNPs within mesoporous carbon nanostructures enhances mass and electron transfer during electrolysis and provides a protective mesoporous confinement that prevents iNP sintering and loss during operation. Here we describe a generalized two-step strategy to integrate iNPs with up to eight metal components into mesoporous carbon nanostructures that allows control over the ordering degree, phases and morphology. Ligand-assisted interfacial assembly of monomicelles on diverse metal substrates (using a laboratory-made amphiphilic copolymer as a structure-directing agent, with dopamine acting as both carbon precursor and metal-coordinating ligand) results in mesostructured metal–organic superstructures. All of the examples described have at least one noble metal (Pt or Pd) combined with transition metal elements (for example, Fe, Co, among others). Thermal processing of these metal–organic superstructures in an ammonia (NH 3 ) atmosphere induces the formation of chemically ordered iNPs while simultaneously creating the mesoporous structure. The Protocol also includes procedures for two example electrochemical applications: the oxygen reduction reaction and nitrate reduction reaction for NH 3 production. The entire synthetic procedure takes ~5 d, while physical characterization via electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and nitrogen sorption isotherms require ~2 d. Investigating the catalytic mechanisms, utilizing in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and online differential electrochemical mass analysis typically take 4–6 h for electrocatalytic reactions.
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Nano-Micro Letters
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 1
·291
·
IF 38.5
Shi Yuan,Zhang Ziyi,Bai Lei,Li Dingding,Shi Jingbo,Yue Zongye,Yuan Tianyu,Bai Jinbo,Bai Jintao,Leng Kunyue,Li Xiaolin,Wang Xuejing,Qu Yunteng
Metal–nitrogen–carbon catalysts have emerged as promising alternatives to costly platinum group catalysts in fuel cells and metal–air batteries; however, further enhancement of their activity in both alkaline and acidic media is still required. Here, we present a FeMg–N–C dual-atom catalyst that demonstrates excellent oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance, achieving notably high half-wave potentials (E 1/2 ) of 1.004 V in alkaline media and 0.881 V in acidic media. Additionally, the FeMg–N–C catalyst delivers peak power densities of 530.1 mW cm −2 in Zn–air cells and 1.06 W cm −2 in H 2 –O 2 fuel cells. Experimental and theoretical analyses reveal that the enhanced ORR activity arises from the spin state transition of Fe sites from low spin to medium spin, induced by adjacent Mg sites. This medium-spin Fe site exhibits strong adsorption of *O 2 and weak adsorption of *OH, effectively facilitating the initial ORR step and the removal of *OH. This work paves a novel pathway to design and construct well-performing electrocatalysts via the spin regulation strategy.
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Microsystems & Nanoengineering
·
2026
·Vol. 12
·期 1
·99
·
IF 11.1
Ma Li,Hou Junsheng,Luo Zijuan,Zhao Xiong,Yao Yilong,Xiao Yaxuan,Ding Zihan,Chen Zhenzhen,Wei Jinjia,Hao Nanjing
Microspheres with well-defined morphologies have been demonstrated as a promising catalytic carrier to modulate catalytic performance. However, the strategy for controlling the production of such microspheres with noble bimetallic nanoparticles immobilized is limited by complicated procedures and is time-consuming. Here, a facile and robust strategy is developed to prepare polystyrene (PS) microspheres with well-tailored morphology by readily altering the volume ratio of ethanol or toluene to water. Ag monometallic nanoparticles, Ag-Pt, and Ag-Au bimetallic nanoparticles were loaded on the PS matrix via a one-step continuous approach in a spiral microchannel. The hollow and open-hole structure was conducive to loading high content nanoparticles owing to its remarkable surface area, with Ag and Pt loading content are 7% and 10%, respectively. The swell-buckling theory and adsorption-reduction-infiltration mechanism were proposed to explain the PS microsphere’s morphology evolution behavior and anchor noble metallic nanoparticles on PS microspheres in a spiral microchannel, respectively. The Ag-Pt@PS and Ag-Au@PS microspheres served as efficient catalysts for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol into 4-aminophenol. The effects of the support morphologies, catalyst amount, and types of noble metal nanoparticles on the catalytic performance were investigated experimentally. The results demonstrated that Ag-Pt@PS and Ag-Au@PS microspheres exhibited much superior catalytic performance than Ag@PS microspheres. More importantly, open-hole PS microspheres loaded with Ag-Pt nanoparticles exhibited the best catalytic performance, with reaction rate constant and activity parameters were 1.73 × 10 -2 s -1 and 692 s -1 ·g -1 , whereas without sacrificing catalytic activity even after five cycle reusability. The results not only provide an efficient continuous strategy for bimetallic catalysts preparation but also offer an effective strategy to regulate the noble metal nanoparticles via the support structure modulation for confined synergistic catalysis.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）