ENERGY
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2025
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IF 9.4
Qian Qian,Zhongyang Luo,Feiting Miao,Caixia Song,Jingkang Shi,Liwen Du,Qingguo Zhou,Evgeny R. Naranov
Complete conversion of lignocellulose into fuels and chemicals is significant yet challenging. This study proposes a novel graded utilization strategy for woody biomass, where reductive catalytic fractionation is followed by mild bio-oil hydrodeoxygenation for hydrocarbons generation and solid residue pyrolysis for alternative fuels and furfural production. Roles of metal-loaded alumina catalysts in H 2 -free reductive catalytic fractionation were clarified, achieving aromatic monomer yields of ∼39 wt%. Hexane pre-extraction of monomers before mild hydrodeoxygenation over Ru/Nb 2 O 5 increased the hydrocarbon yield by 25 % relative to direct hydrodeoxygenation of crude aromatic bio-oils. Holocellulose-rich residues underwent catalytic pyrolysis using the same NiMo/Al 2 O 3 . Consequently, 10 %, 8 %, and 9 % of feedstock carbon are retained as hydrocarbons, furfural compounds, and other alternative fuels, respectively. Increasing ideal products yield and reducing solvent loading can significantly enhance system energy recovery. The estimated minimum fuel selling price aligns with the average retail gasoline price and could drop to $2.10 per gallon with an optimized solvent-to-biomass ratio. Meanwhile, the environmental benefits are substantial, not only reducing GHG emissions but also preventing burden shifting to other categories. This strategy offers a new pathway for co-producing fuels and chemicals from woody biomass, with future efforts needed to drive technological breakthroughs and mitigate commercialization risks.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2024
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IF 5.8
Xue-Yu Ren,Jing-Pei Cao,Ming-Wen Ma,Xiao-Yan Zhao
We have created a self-assembly method to synthesize the mesoporous structure (SBA-15 and MCM-48) in micro-ZSM-5 by a seed induced crystallization. The micro/mesoporous MCM-48@Z5 composite display the complement effect of micro/mesopores structure in the aromatic yield and coke deposits during catalytic fast pyrolysis of lignite towards aromatics, compared to SBA-15@Z5. Impressively, the mesoporous MCM-48 from the epitaxial growth of ZSM-5 crystal achieved the high alkyl-substituted aromatics in the upgraded tar. By contrast, the developed mesopores in SBA-15@Z5 composites presented the low content of aromatics owing to insufficient acidity. Moreover, from the analysis of the coke nature and composition deposited on the spent zeolites, it can be found that the coke species possessed the light species ( i.e. , benzene, naphthalene and it’s derivatives) and heavy species ( i.e. , long-chain aliphatics), similarly to the coke species on ZSM-5. The coke growth strongly depends on the polymerization on the surface area during catalytic fast pyrolysis of lignite towards aromatics, despite more mesopores on catalysts.
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高影响因子
FUEL
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2025
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IF 7.5
Ruotong Cui,Wenlong Xu,Yanpeng Zhang,Jingxian Wang,Yingyun Qiao,Yuanyu Tian
Identifying and analyzing the reaction process of S atoms in coal at the molecular level has been a key and difficult problem in coal chemistry. Here, we used dibenzyl sulfide as a model compound for S-containing substances in coal and predicted the pyrolysis process of C-S in coal through the pyrolysis products, which indicated that the C-S bond would be broken firstly above the energetic basis point to generate intermediate S-containing radicals. A hydrogen-donating solvent (9, 10-dihydroanthracene) was utilized as the radical trapping agent to reveal the S-containing radical reaction process through the changes of the products before and after the trapping reaction. Density functional theory was further used to calculate the pyrolysis process to help verify the radical history of the response. Finally, pyrolysis experiments were performed on raw coal to confirm the generality of the pyrolytic radical regulatory mechanism of C-S. This study identifies and analyzes the relationship between C-S structure and reactivity during coal pyrolysis at the molecular level, and confirms the universal law of raw coal’s pyrolytic radical reaction mechanism. This not only provides theoretical guidance and a basis for the free radical regulation process during the pyrolysis of S-containing structures in coal but also provides theoretical support for the clean and efficient utilization of coal.
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高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2018
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IF 5.807
Zihao Zhang,Hao Cheng,Hao Chen,Kequan Chen,Xiuyang Lu,Pingkai Ouyang,Jie Fu
Modified H-type ZSM-5 (HZSM-5) catalysts were prepared using hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as mesopore templates to enhance the activity for the catalytic fast pyrolysis of rice straw for aromatics compounds. A certain quantity of CTAB added into the HZSM-5 (HZ) forming hierarchical structure exhibited an improvement in the yield of the aromatics and a decrease in the yield of coke in comparison with that of bare HZ. In contrast, excessive CTAB addition resulted in a decrease in aromatic yield and an increase in coke yield. The effects of crystallinity, textural properties, morphological structure and acidity distribution on the production of aromatic compounds were measured by XRD, BET, TEM and NH 3 -TPD. The good crystallinity, small amount of mesopore formation and highest total acidity discovered in HZ-0.01 (the mole ratio of CTAB/SiO 2 is 0.01) provided the highest aromatic compound yield of 26.8% and the lowest coke yield of 39.2%.
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PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Danni Li,Rui Shan,Dong Liang,Wenjian Li,Jing Gu,Xianhai Zeng,Lu Lin,Haoran Yuan,Yong Chen
The existence of heavy metal in texting and dyeing sludge is one of the potential ecological pollutions. In this study, a series of modified kaolin was applied to co-pyrolysis with DS. The biochar characterization and heavy metal analysis reveal the effects of modified additives on the heavy metal behavior and potential mechanisms. Compared to raw texting and dyeing sludge, the total content of Cu, Zn, Cr, Mn, and Ni increased to a maximum value of 170.63, 451.85, 147.86, 731.69, and 57.91 mg/kg in biochar. The proportion of Cu, Zn, Mn, and Ni in stable fractions increased to 99.23 %, 88.71 %, 53.89 %, and 94.04 %, and the potential ecological risk index of biochar experienced a substantial reduction from 154.45 in DS to 11.18 in DAK. Co-pyrolysis and dilution effects synergistically reduced the leaching of heavy metals and promoted their enrichment in biochar. The Al/Si structural phase transition, pore structure, functional groups, and interactions between inorganic mineral components and heavy metals also were affected by acid-base modification. This resulted in the enhancement of heavy metal stabilization fractions and the reduction of environmental risks. This study aims to present an eco-friendly and efficient strategy to further mitigate the environmental risks associated with HMs in hazardous wastes. In addition, it also provides ideas for the application of modified mineral additives in the field of pollutant control.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2024
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IF 5.8
Huiming Li,Yao Gui,Jianfa Li,Junhuan Zhang,Jinhong Lü
Hierarchically porous carbon (HPC) has shown to be advantageous over microporous carbon when applied as adsorbent of pollutants, but its preparation often involves sophisticated procedures. In this work, a lignin-derived HPC was produced simply by one-step pyrolysis in a mixed air/N 2 gas flow. The influence of treatment temperature and air ratio in gas flow on the porosity of HPC was investigated, and its hierarchical porosity was validated by analyses of pore size distribution, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The outperformance of HPC as adsorbent of organic pollutants was manifested by comparison with microporous carbon. Results showed that the most developed mesoporosity of HPC (mesopore surface area = 257 m 2 ∙g −1 ) was obtained at 700 °C and an air ratio of 30% (by volume) in gas flow. The adsorption experiment showed that the mesopores of HPC dominated adsorption to two antibiotic pollutants (sulfamethazine and ciprofloxacin) of relatively large molecular size, while micropores of HPC also contributed to adsorption of 4-chlorophenol, a smaller molecular organic. The developed mesoporosity of HPC was also favorable for fast adsorption rate according to the adsorption kinetics study. Overall, this research provides a novel and green method for development of efficient carbon adsorbent by a simple pyrolysis process.
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2024
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IF 13.3
Yuan Zeng,Yuanyuan Wang,Linyao Ke,Qiuhao Wu,Xiaojie Tian,Liangliang Fan,Kirk Cobb,Yuhuan Liu,Roger Ruan,Yunpu Wang
The pyrolysis of metal soaps to produce hydrocarbon rich fuel has been studied extensively. However, the combined effects of microwave radiation and metal ion types on hydrocarbon production have not been addressed. In this study, the microwave and conventional pyrolysis experiments were conducted on five metal soaps (Li soap, Na soap, K soap, Ca soap, Mg soap). The results demonstrated that the metal ions at the carboxyl end of the soap enhanced the polarity of the reactants, leading to a rapid increase in temperature under microwave conditions. With the ion radius increasing, the heating rate increased gradually. Compared with conventional pyrolysis, microwave pyrolysis exhibited a more rapid heating rate, a higher degree of carbon chain fracture, and a greater abundance of small olefin compounds, which promoted aromatization reaction and the release of CO, H 2 and CH 4 . In addition, the composition of the pyrolysis products derived from different metal soaps is affected by the characteristics of metal ions. As the radius of metal ions increased, the oxygen content in the liquid products decreased gradually, while the carbon content increased. The strengthening effect of microwave was further analyzed. With the increase in the radius of metal ions, the strengthening effect of microwaves on olefins formation was gradually weakened, while the inhibiting effect on alkanes formation was gradually enhanced. The structure of carboxylate network is affected by the radius of metal ions, which results in the regular change of the strengthening effect of microwave on olefins and other products. This study is highly significant in guiding the pyrolysis of soapstock waste to prepare olefins and alkanes with high efficiency and low energy consumption.
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高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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2024
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IF 8.2
Xiaodong Yang,Xuefei Yang,Zhiyong Hou,Minghui Li,Shuaiqi Luo,Jin Zhao,Kai Wang,Yuanxia Guo,Pengkai Sun,Fang Tan,Yan Yan,Lulu Liu,Lili Wang,Ye Han,Fanming Zeng,Andrew R. Zimmerman,Bin Gao
Antibiotics are of emerging concern due to their widespread use, lack of adequate treatment, and for their potential to threaten human health and the environment. Here, a facile fabrication approach for synthesizing ZnO/CuO-bentonite composites was investigated via carbon-bed pyrolysis of bentonite followed by ZnO/CuO co-precipitation. Sorbents were synthesized using a range of bentonite pyrolysis temperatures, metal oxide contents, and ZnO:CuO mass ratios. The ZnO/CuO-bentonite composites exhibited diverse functional groups, excellent mesoporosity, and high specific surface area (135.0 m 2 g −1 , four times that of pyrolyzed bentonite-only control). Ciprofloxacin removal was maximized at a bentonite pyrolysis temperature of 450 °C, a total metal oxide content of 25 %, and a Zn/Cu ratio between 95:5 and 93:7, and this material had an observed experimental CIP adsorption of 451 mg g −1 and a calculated maximum adsorption capacity of 1249.3 mg g −1 . This excellent CIP sorption ability was attributed to its abundant surface active sites and multiple sorption mechanisms, including hydrogen-bond interaction, ion exchange, and electrostatic interaction. These results illustrate that ZnO/CuO-bentonite composite sorbents have excellent potential for use in environmental remediation and water treatment applications.
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PubMed
高影响因子
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
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2024
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IF 5.8
Lin Li,Langqi Shi,Zijun Zhang,Guang Sun,Zhaoying Li
The utilization of solid wastes such as biomass and plastics for energy production holds significant practical importance. This study conducts experimental research on microwave-assisted catalytic fast co-pyrolysis (co-CFP) of cotton stalks (CS) and polypropylene (PP) over alkali-modified HZSM-5 and Ni @ alkali-modified HZSM-5 for hydrogen production. The hydrogen production mechanism is carried out through experiments, reaction kinetics, and response surface method (RSM). The experimental results indicate that the optimal temperature for the co-CFP of CS and PP over 5%Ni-HT1.0 is 550 °C, and the hydrogen concentration is 37.9 vol%. The synergistic effect between CS and PP is explored by calculating comprehensive pyrolysis index. The activation energy is analyzed using the reaction kinetics Model-free integration methods (FWO and KAS), as well as model-fitting methods (CR). When the ratio of CS to PP is high (CS:PP = 1.0:0.5), the activation energy for the co-pyrolysis decreased. The addition of catalysts also has an important impact on the reduction of activation energy. By utilizing RSM to analyze the interactive effects on the generation of H 2 . This study provides a new approach for the co-pyrolysis of biomass such and plastics for hydrogen production.
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高影响因子
Case Studies in Construction Materials
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2024
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IF 6.5
Lubiao Liu,Chuangmin Li,Qinhao Deng,Youwei Gan,Wei Liao
To develop a novel self-healing asphalt binder and address the challenge of poor performance of waste tire pyrolysis oil-modified asphalt at high temperatures, this study employed polyphosphoric acid and waste tire pyrolysis oil for composite modification of asphalt. Subsequently, comprehensive evaluations of the modified asphalt were conducted using experimental techniques such as temperature sweep, time sweep, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and fluorescence microscopy. The entropy weight method was utilized to determine the optimal dosage of modifiers in the asphalt binder and evaluate the comprehensive performance of the modified asphalt. Experimental results indicate that the introduction of polyphosphoric acid not only effectively maintains the self-healing properties of the modified asphalt but also significantly improves the negative impact of waste tire pyrolysis oil on the high-temperature performance of the asphalt binder. Analysis using the entropy weight method revealed that the optimal dosages of 2% polyphosphoric acid and 4% waste tire pyrolysis oil served as modifiers, resulting in the superior overall performance of the modified asphalt at these concentrations. In conclusion, the development of polyphosphoric acid/waste tire pyrolysis oil composite modifiers offer a novel avenue for the sustainable enhancement of asphalt modification.
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高影响因子
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
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2025
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IF 5.7
Yuan Zhang,Yongtao Tan,Fengwei Tuo,Haorui Liu,Ning Mi,Jiantie Xu
Vanadium nitride (VN) has attracted significant attention as a promising electrode material for supercapacitors mainly owing to its high theoretical specific capacitance and broad electrochemical stability window. However, poor cycling stability caused by dissolution in alkaline electrolyte largely restricts its practical applications. Herein, a series of heterojunction Fe 3 C/VN/C- x composites were synthesized via a one-step pyrolysis strategy for pyrolysis mixture of iron-vanadium precursor and melamine at 700 °C for 2 h. Among the series, the optimized Fe 3 C/VN/C-2 exhibits a high specific capacitance of 291.2 F g -1 at 0.5 A g -1 , which is 2.7 times higher than pristine VN with 108.3 F g -1 . Moreover, the Fe 3 C/VN/C-2 enables asymmetric supercapacitor device (Ni(OH) 2 ||Fe 3 C/VN/C-2) achieving a high energy density of 14.9 Wh kg -1 with high power density of 400.1 W kg -1 and a high power density of 3998.6 W kg -1 with an energy density of 6.2 Wh kg -1 , and retaining 92.7 % of its initial capacitance after 10,000 cycles (17.2 F g -1 ). The enhanced electrochemical performance of Fe 3 C/VN/C-2 is attributed to the synergistic effect of the heterojunction and carbon matrix, which suppress vanadium dissolution and accelerate charge transfer kinetics.
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高影响因子
FUEL
·
2025
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IF 7.5
Zhenjiang Lu,Jie Tian,Qiaoling Zhao,Jing Xie,Jindou Hu,Wei Jia,Yali Cao
Hydrogen production via electrocatalytic water splitting is hampered by the slow kinetics of the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, Pt 3 Co nano-alloy embedded in cobalt-based N-doped carbon nanotubes (Pt 3 Co@Co@NCNTs) was prepared by one-step high temperature thermal method, achieving energy-saving efficient hydrogen (H 2 ) fabrication by hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) coupled with the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). Due to the optimal electronic structure of the Pt 3 Co NPs and asymmetric electron transfer in the NCNTs, the Pt 3 Co@Co@NCNTs presents the overpotential of as low as 17 mV at 10 mA cm −2 for the HER, and a mass activity of as high as 1170 mA mg Pt −1 for the MOR in alkaline conditions, which are better than that of commercial Pt/C (η 10 = 35 mV, 692 mA mg Pt −1 ). This dual-electrode cell boasts impressive long-life cycling stability and operates with a cell voltage of only 1.49 V at the current density of 10 mA cm −2 . This performance even exceeds that of the commercial Pt/C||RuO 2 electrode pairs. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations have confirmed that the exceptional activity and CO poisoning resistance originate from Co-doping, which leads to a reconfiguration of charge and a reduction in reaction energy barriers for between the rate-determining step of a Volmer procedure in the HER and the formation of *CO to*COOH in the MOR. This study presents a novel approach to achieving efficient HER through overall water splitting.
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高影响因子
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