JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
·
2026
·
IF 6.5
Xiaorong Zhang,Xiangyu An,Weiming Yi,Zhihe Li,Andong Zhang,Deli Zhang,Shanjian Liu,Lihong Wang
To enhance the ketone and phenol contents in corn stover (CS) pyrolysis bio-oil, a tandem dual-catalyst system integrating reduced red mud (RRM) and a reduced Fe/Ca catalyst was employed. A systematic study was conducted, focusing on the effects of the Fe/Ca mass ratio, reduction temperature, pyrolysis temperature, and catalyst recycling on the content and selectivity of the target products. The reaction mechanisms underlying the enrichment of ketones and phenols were also elucidated. Results indicated that at an Fe/Ca mass ratio of 1:2 and a reduction temperature of 650 °C (FC2-R650), Fe/Ca displayed an increased number of surface oxygen vacancies, a greater abundance of acid-base sites, and enhanced textural properties manifested by an enlarged specific surface area and expanded pore volume. Its crystal structure was primarily composed of Ca 2 Fe 2 O 5 and CaO. The tandem catalysis enhances the efficiency of RRM in promoting reactions including cyclization, cross-ketonization, and alkylation-for pyrolysis vapor molecules. At a pyrolysis temperature of 500 °C, RRM single-stage catalysis yielded phenol and ketone contents of 22.72 % and 30.51 %, respectively. Under tandem catalysis, these contents increased to 42.87 % and 37.31 %, while carboxylic acids and light aldehydes were not detected. Recycling experiments confirmed the good cycling performance of the tandem catalytic system, with the content of ketones and phenols maintained at 73.67 % after three cycles. The tandem dual-catalyst system based on RRM and FC2-R650 offers an innovative catalytic strategy for the resource utilization of agricultural and industrial wastes, contributing to the production of sustainable fuels and high-value chemicals.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2021
·
IF 5.541
Xiaohua Li,Jinlong Yan,Shanshan Shao,Shengnan Ge,Zhichao Lv,Yixi Cai
A method of template removal by direct non-thermal plasma (DNTP) system for the synthesis of HZSM-5/MCM-41 meso-micropore composite catalyst was proposed for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons by catalytic pyrolysis of rape straw. It was revealed most of the template on the catalyst was removed by oxidizing substances such as ozone produced by DNTP. During DNTP treatment, the removal effect of the template was greatly affected by the oxygen flow rate . Also, the catalyst structure was bombarded by high-energy electrons obtained by DNTP treatment, and the physicochemical property of the synthetic composite catalysts was treated quite different from that obtained by calcination method. Under the treatment condition of 22 kV-2 L/min, the BET surface area was boosted significantly by 29.91% and the amount of acid sites was boosted by 37.71%, the yield of MAHs reached 10.57 wt%. Generally, not only the template can be effectively removed by DNTP treatment, but also the physicochemical property of meso-micropore composite catalyst can be improved, and thus promoted the catalytic performance for monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Therefore, DNTP is an effective technology for removing template and the catalytic performance can be efficiently improved.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
·
2026
·
IF 6.5
Tong Xiao,Dechao Wang,Xin Lin,Yijun Miao,Jian Lin,Xin Qiu,Quan Yao,Shiqiang Wang,Jianchun Jiang,Dimeng Lai,Zhifeng Zheng
Coconut shell char-supported Fe-Ni bimetallic alloys catalysts synthesized via facile impregnation-reduction method. • FeNi 3 /C delivers 8.9 times higher H 2 yield than non-catalytic pyrolysis via synergistic alloy and confinement effects. • Cyclic experiments on the FeNi 3 /C catalyst show a decrease in H 2 concentration but still better than non-catalytic pyrolysis. • FeNi 3 /C exhibits broad adaptability to cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin feedstocks for hydrogen production. Catalytic pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass offers a carbon-neutral pathway for sustainable green hydrogen production, yet its industrial deployment is severely hindered by excessive tar formation, low hydrogen selectivity, and rapid catalyst deactivation. Rational design of high-performance, low-cost catalysts remains the core challenge to address these bottlenecks. Herein, a series of coconut shell char-supported Fe-Ni bimetallic alloy catalysts with a fixed total metal loading of 5 wt% were synthesized via a facile impregnation-hydrogen reduction method, and systematically evaluated for ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis of poplar wood sawdust (PWS) to hydrogen. The effects of Fe/Ni molar ratio on the crystalline structure, textural properties, metal dispersion, electronic state, and catalytic performance were comprehensively investigated. The results reveal that the FeNi 3 /C catalyst exhibits the optimal catalytic activity, achieving a hydrogen content of 36.55 vol% and a hydrogen yield of 11.49 mmol/g biomass-daf , which is approximately 8.9 times higher than that of non-catalytic pyrolysis and outperforms both monometallic Fe/C and Ni/C counterparts. This superior performance originates from the strong Fe-Ni synergistic effect coupled with the micropore confinement effect of the coconut shell char support. The alloy formation not only enhances metal dispersion (average particle size of 7.89 nm) and promotes the generation of highly active metallic Fe 0 and Ni 0 sites, but also simultaneously accelerates tar cracking and water-gas shift (WGS) reactions. Cyclic stability tests demonstrate that the hydrogen yield and content gradually decrease over eight consecutive runs. Despite this decay, the spent catalyst retains a hydrogen yield (2.66 mmol/g biomass-daf ) that is still superior to that of non-catalytic pyrolysis (1.29 mmol/g biomass-daf ) and the bare carbon support (1.93 mmol/g biomass-daf ). However, the substantial performance loss highlights the need for future optimization of the support structure to enhance its resistance to micropore collapse and for the development of effective regeneration strategies. XPS analysis of the spent catalyst reveals that the metallic Ni 0 signal becomes undetectable on the surface, indicating severe surface oxidation or encapsulation, which is a primary cause of deactivation. Furthermore, the catalyst shows broad applicability to the three major lignocellulosic components, with hemicellulose identified as the primary contributor to hydrogen production. This work provides an efficient and low-cost bimetallic catalyst formulation, and offers valuable guidance for the development of biomass pyrolysis for renewable hydrogen production. Download: Download high-res image (312KB) Download: Download full-size image
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Zheng-Zhi Zhang,Zhu-Fei Yang,Ya-Sen Wu,Zhan-Ku Li,Jing-Chong Yan,Wei-Dong Zhang,Zhi-Ping Lei,Shi-Biao Ren,Zhi-Cai Wang,Heng-Fu Shui
The unclear migration mechanism of organic sulfur during coal pyrolysis limits molecular-level understanding, hindering targeted desulfurization and clean utilization of high-sulfur coal. In this study, a "structural simplification" strategy was proposed, in which the thermal dissolution soluble fraction (TDSF) from Duizhen high-sulfur coking coal (DHSC) was employed as the research subject. This TDSF is characterized by its structural homogeneity and ash-free nature, thereby eliminating the interference caused by structural heterogeneity and ash. By combining TG-MS and ReaxFF-MD simulations, the abundant aliphatic structures in TDSF generate a strong "self-hydrogen supply" effect during the pyrolysis process. At 2800 K, the number of C-H bond cleavages in the DHSC/N 2 system is 167, whereas in the TDSF/N 2 system, it reaches as high as 258. The co-hydrogenation experiments of TDSF and DHSC with phenanthrene demonstrated that the hydrogen-donating capacity of TDSF was 1.64 times that of DHSC. The generated active hydrogen radicals selectively attack the C-S bonds in thiophene and sulfoxide, prompting a large amount of sulfur to migrate to the gas and liquid phases. The pyrolysis experiments showed that the sulfur removal rate of TSDF (37.39%) during pyrolysis was significantly higher than that of DHSC (30.08%). It was demonstrated that the desulfurization performance of DHSC can be further enhanced by the use of a hydrogen atmosphere and elevated pyrolysis temperatures. Based on these molecular-level insights, precise desulfurization strategies for high-sulfur coal pyrolysis can be formulated.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CATALYSIS LETTERS
·
2026
·Vol. 156
·期 9
·261
·
IF 2.5
Su Qiqi,Dai Wanrong,Liu Meijun,Cheng Mengyu,Dai Chunyan,Li Yafei
The rational design of non-noble metal catalysts relies on a deep understanding of the structure-performance relationship. Herein, we investigate the influence of pyrolysis temperature (800–1100 °C) on Co–N/C catalysts derived from ZnCo-ZIF for the aerobic oxidation of 5‑hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5‑furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). A volcano‑shaped dependence of FDCA yield on pyrolysis temperature is observed, with the catalyst pyrolyzed at 1000 °C (Co–N/C-1000) delivering complete HMF conversion and 98.0% FDCA yield within 4 h under optimized conditions (110 °C, 2 MPa O 2 ). Multi-technique characterization reveals a temperature-driven evolution of Co species: from atomically dispersed Co–N x sites at 800–900 °C, to a bimodal configuration comprising abundant Co–N x together with a small amount of metallic Co 0 nanoparticles at 1000 °C, and finally to large Co aggregates at 1100 °C. The optimal catalytic performance at 1000 °C is thus attributed to this unique coexistence. Kinetic analysis confirms the consecutive pathway HMF → HMFCA → FFCA → FDCA with FFCA→FDCA as the rate‑determining step. Notably, the optimal catalyst maintains 96.8% FDCA yield under industrially relevant 5 wt% HMF concentration. This work provides insights into the structure-performance relationship of Co–N/C catalysts and a rational strategy for designing efficient non-noble metal catalysts for biomass conversion. Graphical
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Donghua Xu,Yibing Wei,Haoyu Xiao,Tengyue Zhang,Zichun Sheng,Haiping Yang,Yingquan Chen,Xianhua Wang,Hanping Chen
Pyrolysis mechanisms of nitrogen (N)-containing plastics hold significant importance for recovering high-value fuels and chemicals from real plastic waste, whereas current insights remain unclear. This work systematically investigated the pyrolysis behaviors, volatile release characteristics, and backbone decomposition mechanisms of polyamide 6 (PA6), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) through integrating TG-FTIR-GC/MS and density functional theory (DFT). Kinetic analysis based on Coats-Redfern and Achar methods suggested a higher average activation energy of PA6 (228 kJ/mol) compared to TPU (94 kJ/mol) and PAN (189 kJ/mol). PA6 pyrolysis predominantly produced c aprolactam (92.01 %) at 481 °C through the nucleophilic attack of terminal amino group on adjacent amide structure, forming a four-membered transition state with a free energy barrier of 217.0 kJ/mol. Owing to the lower bond dissociation energies (BDEs) of the acyloxy bonds in urethane groups compared to the alkoxy bonds in polyester structures, the hard and soft segments of TPU occurred sequential cracking at 358 and 448 °C, releasing 4,4’-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (85.12 %) and cyclopentanone (69.12 %), respectively. PAN backbone preferentially cleaved at mid-chain C-C bonds with lower BDEs, forming acrylonitrile dimer and monomer fragments, which coupled with each other and combined with hydrogen radicals to generate abundant NH 3 and fatty nitriles like 2-methylglutaronitrile, 1,3,6-hexanetricarbonitrile, and acrylonitrile. These findings elucidated the intrinsic connection between pyrolysis volatile evolution and backbone degradation mechanisms of N-containing plastics at the molecular level, thereby offering theoretical guidance for optimizing the pyrolysis process of real plastic waste to prepare high-value products.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Biao Ma,Guoxing Ren,Dongfu Liu,Wenhua Xu,Wenxin Xia,Songwen Xiao
Lithium-selective extraction from waste lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has attracted wide attention. Among various recycling methods, pyrolysis reduction-water leaching has been viewed as the most promising one, because parts of reductants can be replaced by the battery’s own organic matters, such as the binders (polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)). However, the existence of fluorinated organics results in a significant decrease in Li leaching efficiency as well as the generation of hazardous gas containing F. In this study, a novel dual-function approach is proposed by adding CaCl 2 into the co-pyrolysis process of waste NCM powders and fluorinated organic wastes, which effectively improves the Li recovery together with achieving the fixation of halogens. The PVDF was selected as the main example to demonstrate the feasibility of the new method, which was further confirmed by two other fluorinated organics (electrolyte and Teflon). Thermodynamic calculation, XRD, XPS, and SEM-EDS are used to investigate reaction mechanisms for enhancing lithium recovery and halogen fixation. During the co-pyrolysis, the Li in the NCM is transformed into LiCl instead of forming insoluble LiF; meanwhile, the F in the PVDF is converted into CaF 2 , which is fixed in the residue rather than releasing in the air. The Cl in the CaCl 2 is also converted into the valuable product of LiCl. Under the optimal conditions, the Li water-leaching rate reached 98.88 %, and the fixation rates of F and Cl were 92.54 % and 98.71 %, respectively. This strategy also extends to the synergistic treatment of various fluorinated organic wastes with the spent LIBs. Therefore, the proposed method is more economically effective and environmentally friendly.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY
·
2026
·
IF 10.1
Zhiwen Wang,Yi Li,Linwen Wang,Chunhong Chen,Qing Zhou,Dongxia Yan,Junli Xu,Jiayu Xin,Xingmei Lu
A novel Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) steam pyrolysis method is developed by introducing high H/C ratio gas to produce terephthalic acid (TPA) monomer. CH 4 , C 2 H 6 , C 2 H 4 , C 3 H 8 , and C 3 H 6 were used as external hydrogen donors to upgrade the waste PET steam pyrolysis process, which were proven to be effective. Under optimized conditions (H 2 O flow rate of 0.1 mL/min, C 3 H 8 flow rate of 2 mL/min, heating rate of 0.5 °C/min, and final pyrolysis temperature of 450 °C), the H 2 O/C 3 H 8 /N 2 system achieved a product yield increase from 32.69% to 93.15% and a TPA purity improvement from 26.57% to 90.73%, with complete elimination of coke residues. Isotope tracing experiments using D 2 O confirmed the dual roles of H 2 O in hydroxyl substitution and hydrogen transfer, with C 3 H 8 compensating for hydrogen deficiency from H 2 O and enhancing the hydrogen transfer pathway. Through DFT calculations, the pathways and mechanisms of PET steam pyrolysis using C 3 H 8 as an external hydrogen donor were proposed, demonstrating that H 2 O and C 3 H 8 synergistically mediate the oriented pyrolysis of PET toward TPA by supplying ·OH and ·H radicals. This method offers a new idea for directional pyrolysis to prepare monomers, which is of great significance for achieving the recycling of waste plastics.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2026
·
IF 7.8
Xingping Kai,Zhaowei Liu,Tianhua Yang,Tao Zhang,Bingshuo Li,Shiyu Feng,Rundong Li
The development of efficient metal-modified core–shell molecular sieve catalysts for the catalytic co-pyrolysis of lignin and plastics to produce aromatics is an effective way to achieve high-value utilization of waste materials. In this study, x-Fe@HZSM-5/SBA-15 (x-Fe@H/S) catalysts (x represents Si/Al) of HZSM-5 cores with Fe-Si-Al as the backbone were synthesized by isomorphous substitution and covered with an SBA-15 shell. The effects of the Si/Al ratio and Fe isomorphously substituted Al in the catalysts on the product distribution, and the formation characteristics of aromatics were investigated during the co-pyrolysis of dealkalized lignin (DL) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The catalyst’s cyclic regeneration performance was also analyzed. The results indicated that the pore size and acidic site distribution of the catalysts could be regulated by the Si/Al ratio, thereby promoting aromatics formation. Among them, 50-Fe@H/S exhibited the best performance, with high activity, appropriate mesopore size, and moderate acidity (0.25 mmol/g), achieving the highest bio-oil content (20.54 wt%) and aromatics content (25.96 area%). Meanwhile, the regenerated 50-Fe@H/S maintained satisfactory catalytic performance. Based on the experimental results, the aromatics formation pathways during catalytic co-pyrolysis over x-Fe@H/S were proposed, and the effects of Fe incorporation were analyzed using density functional theory.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 4.8
Xiaowei Ma,Mao Huang,Juan Jia,Han Wang,Jing Wang,Yanyan Zhu
Rational design porous nanomaterials with high specific surface area (SSA) have become an effective approach to improve their electrocatalytic activity, and thus enhancing the electrochemical sensing performance. However, increasing of SSA generally accompanied by magnifying the background current signal, which results in the electrochemical sensors may not achieve the optimal sensing performance. For porous nanomaterials, not only the appropriate SSA but also the pore size probably impacts the electrochemical sensing performance, while this aspect has seldomly studied in electrochemical sensor. Herein, the different SSA and pore size of graphene frameworks (GFs) are successfully synthesized by adjusting the ratio of the mixture of glucose and Na 2 CO 3 via one-step fast pyrolysis process. The tailored GFs has been used as electrode material for constructing non-enzymic electrochemical sensor with catechol (CC) used as model analyte. Electrochemical analysis result suggests that GFs with the highest SSA do not obtain the best behavior, while GFs with abundant hierarchical pore structure and relatively large SSA can achieve the best performance. The optimized GFs as electrode materials for electrochemical detection of CC exhibit a low detection limit of 0.19 μM, and a relatively wide linear range between 1 and 201 μM. This work provides a guide for developing new porous carbon materials for electrochemical sensor with better performance.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2022
·
IF 6.437
Jun Liao,Hongyi Chen,Yong Zhang,Wenkun Zhu
For reducing the damage of pig manure (PM) to the ecological environment, three different biochar materials were prepared by pretreating PM with different reagents (distilled water, hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide). It was found that the oxygen content of PMBC-OH - reached 34.4%, which was much higher than that of PMBC (21.1%) and PMBC-H + (14.1%), indicating that the oxygen-containing functional groups onto PMBC-OH - were abundant. Further, the adsorption properties of the three kinds of biochars were discussed with uranium (VI) as the adsorbate. Compared with PMBC (369.9 mg/g) and PMBC-H + (53.3 mg/g), PMBC-OH - possessed excellent performance and its adsorption capacity reached 952.5 mg/g, which was much higher than that of other reported biochar materials. Meanwhile, PMBC-OH - could completely remove uranium (VI) from solution with low uranium (VI) concentration to achieve the standard of wastewater discharge. Briefly, the method of preparing biochar by pretreating PM with sodium hydroxide could effectively improve the utilization rate of PM and reduce the damage of nutrients in PM to ecological environment. Based on the above analysis, PMBC-OH - possessed the potential to be applied for removing uranium (VI) from wastewater.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2022
·
IF 8.634
Yuchen Jiang,Xianglin Li,Chao Li,Lijun Zhang,Shu Zhang,Bin Li,Shuang Wang,Xun Hu
Pyrolysis is a thermochemical route for converting waste plastics into hydrocarbons that might be further upgraded to fine chemicals via the process such as hydrotreatment. In this study, the pyrolysis of five typical plastics (PE, PP, PVC, PS and PET) and steam reforming of their derived volatiles were coupled in one process, named as pyro-reforming. The reaction behaviors, especially the property of their derived cokes, in the pyro-reforming were investigated. The results indicated that the volatiles from the pyrolysis of PE had the highest reactivity with steam to produce H 2 of the highest yield, followed by that of PP, PVC, PET and PS. The Cl in PVC promoted nickel sintering, enhanced formation of heavy aromatics through aromatization. Moreover, the existence of Cl interrupted formation of carbon nanotube, forming the highest amount of coke with hemp rope-like fiber form of very coarse surface. This was very different from the carbon nanotube form of coke with smooth surface and uniform outer/inner diameters from the pyro-reforming of PE or PP. The pyro-reforming of PET or PS generated mainly the aromatic intermediates that were chemically more inert in steam reforming, forming polymeric type of coke with no carbon nanotube morphology and very low crystallinity .
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）