JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY
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2016
·Vol. 21
·期 2
·391-401
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IF 2.327
Peng Meiling,Xu Wei,Cui Weihao,Wang Tao,Wang Sheng
This study reports the synthesis of octahedral Pd-Pt bimetallic alloy nanocrystals through a facile, one-pot, templateless, and seedless hydrothermal method in the presence of glucose and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide. The morphologies, compositions, and structures of the Pd-Pt nanocrystals were fully characterized by various physical techniques, thereby demonstrating their highly alloying octahedral nanostructures. The formation or growth mechanism of the Pd-Pt bimetallic alloy nanocrystals was explored and is discussed here based on the experimental observations. In addition, the synthesized Pd-Pt nanocrystals were applied to the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in alkaline media, which proved that the as-prepared catalysts exhibit enhanced electrocatalytic activity for MOR. Pd 1 Pt 3 exhibited the best stability and durability, and its mass activity was 3.4 and 5.2 times greater than those of Pt black and Pd black catalysts, respectively. The facile synthetic process and excellent catalytic performance of the as-prepared catalysts demonstrate that they have the potential to be used in direct methanol fuel cell techniques.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2017
·
IF 3.582
Haidong Chen,Feng Zhang,Xianwen Sun,Weifeng Zhang,Guoqiang Li
We systematically investigated the impact of reaction atmosphere on the Pt cocatalyst photodeposition and hydrogen evolution . A long induction period which is hardly found in close-system appears in the presence of oxygen, and is affected by the concentration of chloroplatinic acid. The Pt cocatalyst is metal state and contributes to the electronic states near Fermi level judging from the valence band X-ray photoelectron spectrum. The cocatalyst metal Pt will reduce the surface photovoltage signals due to the metal feature. The hydrogen evolution rate increased and reached a platform with increasing the Pt coverage on the surface of photocatalyst which is characterized by the Pt:Ti atomic ratio.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2017
·Vol. 5
·期 41
·21903-21908
·
IF 8.867
Binbin Jiang,Zeyuan Tang,Fan Liao,Haiping Lin,Shunkai Lu,Youyong Li,Mingwang Shao
The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a fundamental electrochemical reaction to produce hydrogen gas from the electrolysis of water, and has been regarded as an attractive solution to many energy challenges. In the past few decades, platinum has been widely demonstrated to split water into hydrogen gas at high reaction rates and low overpotentials. Nevertheless, decreasing the loading of Pt in the designed electrocatalysts is very significant. However, with low Pt loading, it is challenging to maintain excellent catalytic performance. Here we report a Pt–Au–Si ternary nanocomposite as a highly active catalyst for the HER. The optimal composition of Pt–Au–Si was determined to be 7.2 : 31.3 : 61.5 (Pt : Au : Si, mass ratio) with a Tafel slope of only 24 mV dec−1. To be specific, the mass activity of the Pt–Au–SiNW-2 catalyst was 6.5 fold that of a 40 wt% Pt/C catalyst at an overpotential of 60 mV. More importantly, the cathodic current density even surpassed 40 wt% Pt/C when the overpotential was larger than 0.17 V (the corresponding current density was 108 mA cm−2). The outstanding catalytic performance might be derived from the synergy of the respective properties of the three components: the fast hydrogen adsorption rate on Pt, the quick migration of the adsorbed hydrogen atoms on Au and the rapid hydrogen evolution rate on Si. This research opens up a novel strategy to prepare highly efficient catalysts for electrochemical hydrogen evolution reactions.
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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
·
2016
·
IF 4.712
Na Xu,Hong-Wei Li,Yuqing Wu
A novel one-step hydrothermal synthesis of highly fluorescent platinum nanoclusters protected by polyethylenimine (Pt-NCs@PEI) is described. The products are characterized well by UV–vis absorption, fluorescence spectra , X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging. The Pt-NCs@PEI possess high quantum yield at 28%, which is the relatively high one among the reported Pt-NCs; especially, the synthesis is in one-step and the reaction time is much shorter (<1 h) than the related methods. In addition, the Pt-NCs@PEI have large Stocks-shift (∼150 nm), high tolerability to the extreme pH and high ionic strengths , and excellent photo-stability under UV–vis irradiation, lay the foundation for the practical bio-applications. Finally, the obtained Pt-NCs@PEI are used to determine trace amount of metronidazole (MTZ) in buffer solution in showing a linear response over a concentration range of 0.25–300 μM and a low detection limit of 0.1 μM. Furthermore, the related investigation on response mechanism will be helpful to design and synthesize new metal nanoclusters as fluorescent probe to detect the trace amount of harmful medicine residuum as nitroimidazoles in human body.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2016
·
IF 3.205
Lin Chen,Hao Hua,Qi Yang,Muhammad Sufyan Javed,Chenguo Hu,Cuiling Zhang
TiO 2 microflowers assembled by nanosheets are prepared by a one-step solvothermal process. The anatase-TiO 2 (B) dual-phase coexistence or anatase single phase is obtained under different annealing temperatures. Pt nanoparticles supported on the anatase-TiO 2 (B) microflowers are first applied to alcohol electrooxidation . The electrocatalytic performances of Pt/anatase-TiO 2 (B), Pt/anatase and Pt/carbon-black (Pt/C) on graphite substrates are systematically investigated. The Pt/anatase-TiO 2 (B) catalyst exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity and stability compared with that of Pt/anatase and Pt/C catalysts for methanol and ethanol in acidic and alkaline media , which is attributed to the large specific surface area, the porous channels to reduce the liquid sealing effect, the enhanced electronic conductivity by dual-phase coexistence and quick electron transfer from anatase phase to TiO 2 (B).
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Science China-Chemistry
·
2013
·Vol. 56
·期 8
·1152-1163
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IF 1.327
Xiao MinYu,Han HuanMei,Xiao ShouJun
Porous silicon (PSi) prepared from Pt metal-assisted chemical etching (MaCE) was demonstrated to possess higher hydrosilylation efficiency (∼57%) than anodized PSi (∼11%) by surface reaction with ω-undecenyl alcohol (UO). Deconvolution of the SiH x ( x = 1-3) stretching bands revealed the abundance of SiH2 species on MaCE PSi was 53%, ∼10% higher than on anodized samples, while both of SiH1 and SiH 3 were ∼5% lower correspondently on MaCE PSi than on anodized samples. The surface SiH x abundances were suggested to account for the higher hydrosilylation efficiency on MaCE PSi. Optimization of Pt-assisted chemical etching parameters suggested a 7–15 nm thick Pt-coating and an etching time of 3–10 min for biochip applications. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that an isotropic top meso-porous layer was beneficial for hydrosilylation and long-term durability under ambient conditions. To end, an example of histidine-tagged protein immobilization and microarray was illustrated. Combining the materials’ property, surface chemistry, and micro-fabrication technology together, we envision that silicon based biochip applications have a prosperous future.
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BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
·
2013
·
IF 5.437
Dan Wu,Haixia Fan,Yuyang Li,Yong Zhang,Huixin Liang,Qin Wei
Dumbbell-like Pt–Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and used as a novel kind of label for the preparation of electrochemical immunosensor, which is applied to the detection of cancer biomarker squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag). The signal amplification strategy, using the synergetic effect present in Pt–Fe 3 O 4 to increase the reduction ability of the NPs toward H 2 O 2 , improved the sensitivity of the immunosensor. Nitrogen-doped graphene sheets (N-GS) were synthesized from graphite oxides through thermal annealing of graphite oxides in ammonia, which was used to immobilize primary anti-SCC antibody (Ab 1 ). Secondary anti-SCC antibody (Ab 2 ) was adsorbed onto the Pt–Fe 3 O 4 NPs. The immunosensor was prepared through a sandwich structure and displayed a wide linear range (0.05–18 ng/mL), low detection limit (15.3 pg/mL), good reproducibility and stability. The method has been applied to the analysis of clinical serum samples with satisfactory results. These labels for immunosensors can provide many potential applications for the detection of different biomolecules .
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Food Analytical Methods
·
2013
·Vol. 7
·期 1
·109-115
·
IF 1.969
Wang Li,Qi Wei,Su Rongxin,He Zhimin
A differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) method for the determination of kojic acid was developed. Glassy carbon (GC) electrode was modified with composite nanomaterials of graphene (GR) sheets and platinum (Pt) nanoparticles. Electrochemical behavior of kojic acid on the electrode was studied, which indicated that the nanocomposite-modified electrode could efficiently promote electrocatalytic oxidation of kojic acid based on synergistic effect of excellent electrical conductivity and high catalytic activity of GR and Pt. A rapid, sensitive, and simple electrochemical method was then developed for determination of kojic acid using the constructed electrode. Under the optimized conditions, the oxidation peak current exhibited a wide linear range from 0.2 to 1,000 μM towards the concentration of kojic acid with a sensitivity of 139.3 μA mM −1 , and the limit of detection was as low as 0.2 μM. The modified electrode was also used for quantitative analysis of kojic acid in food samples, and the recoveries were between 97.5 and 101.3 %, indicating feasibility of the electrochemical method for kojic acid analysis in routine detection. In view of optimization and validation results as well as applicability to real samples, this method could be considered as a good alternative for routine analysis of kojic acid in foodstuffs.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2014
·
IF 4.086
Huanmei Ma,Jianhua Tian,Shuming Bai,Xiaodong Liu,Zhongqiang Shan
In this paper, Pt-Ru/Ni-P/FTO has been designed and fabricated as the counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells. The Pt-Ru catalytic layer and Ni-P alloy sublayer are prepared by traditional electrodeposition method and a simple electroless plating method, respectively, and the preparation conditions have been optimized. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the Pt-Ru particles are evenly distributed on FTO and Ni-P/FTO substrate. By X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), it is confirmed that the Ni-P amorphous alloy has been formed, and no other compounds involved Ni and P have been formed. The electrochemical measurement results reveal that the Pt-Ru electrode has higher catalytic activity and stability towards tri-iodine reduction reaction than Pt electrode in the organic medium. The Ni-P sublayer deposited on FTO glasses increases the conductivity and light-reflection ability of the counter electrode, and this contributes to lowering the inner resistance of the cell and improving the light utilization efficiency. Through the photovoltaic test, it is confirmed that the energy conversion efficiency of a single DSSC with the optimized Pt-Ru/Ni-P/FTO counter electrode is increased by 29% compared with that of the cell based on the Pt/FTO counter electrode under the same conditions.
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CRYSTENGCOMM
·
2017
·Vol. 19
·期 34
·4964-4971
·
IF 3.474
Qi Zhao,Qin Wang,Yiguo Su,Keke Huang,Guangran Xu,Yingjun Li,Jiayin Liu,Baocang Liu,Jun Zhang
Driven by the need of high catalytic performance and low cost Pt-based catalysts for methanol oxidation (MOR) and oxygen reduction (ORR) reactions, we developed a highly active nitrogen species-decorated Pt–Ni–N catalyst with tunable architectures and facets toward high catalytic activity. The synthetic procedure was conducted by Ni2+-assisted morphology and facet transformation from nanoflowers (NFs) (111) to nanoparticles (NPs) (220) and simultaneous optimization of both hierarchical structure and active surface sites. It is found that the adsorption of nitrogen species plays critical roles in determining both facet control of the Pt–Ni–N hierarchical structure and energetic activation of the catalytic reaction. Decoration of surface nitrogen species can effectually improve the relative content and electronic density of Pt0, leading to formation of a hierarchical structure and significantly improved catalytic activity toward both MOR and ORR compared with Pt–Ni and Pt–N, as well as the commercial Pt/C catalysts, indicating a new strategy to obtain highly efficient catalysts. Moreover, the results demonstrate that the catalytic enhancement is mainly due to the synergistic electronic effects among Pt, Ni, and N species.
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Nano Energy
·
2017
·
IF 12.343
Jun Jin,Chao Wang,Xiao-Ning Ren,Shao-Zhuan Huang,Min Wu,Li-Hua Chen,Tawfique Hasan,Bin-Jie Wang,Yu Li,Bao-Lian Su
We demonstrate an alkali modification process to produce highly dispersed ultrafine Pt nanoclusters with metallic Pt 0 and oxidized Pt 2+ species as co-catalyst anchored on nanosheet-constructed yolk-shell TiO 2 (NYTiO 2 -Pt) acting as light harvesting reactor for highly efficient photocatalytic H 2 production. Benefiting from the high surface area, highly dispersed ultrafine Pt nanoclusters (~0.6 nm) with Pt 0 and Pt 2+ species and special nanosheet-constructed yolk-shell structure, this novel light harvesting reactor exhibits excellent performance for photocatalytic H 2 production. The NYTiO 2 -Pt-0.5 (0.188 wt% Pt) demonstrates an unprecedentedly high H 2 evolution rate of 20.88 mmol h −1 g −1 with excellent photocatalytic stability, which is 87 times than that of NYTiO 2 -Pt-3.0 (0.24 mmol h −1 g −1 , 1.88 wt% Pt), and also much higher than those of other TiO 2 nanostructures with the same Pt content. Such H 2 evolution rate is the highest reported for photocatalytic H 2 production with such a low Pt content under simulated solar light. Our strategy here suggests that via alkali modifying the photocatalysts , we can not only enhance the H 2 production for solar energy conversion but also significantly decrease the noble metal content for cost saving.
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Nano Research
·
2017
·Vol. 10
·期 5
·1749-1755
·
IF 7.354
Jiang Binbin,Yang Lulu,Liao Fan,Sheng Minqi,Zhao Haozhe,Lin Haiping,Shao Mingwang
Hydrogen evolution by electrocatalysis is an attractive method of supplying clean energy. However, it is challenging to find cheap and efficient alternatives to rare and expensive platinum based catalysts. Pt provides the best hydrogen evolution performance, because it optimally balances the free energies of adsorption and desorption. Appropriate control of these quantities is essential for producing an efficient electrocatalyst. We demonstrate, based on first principles calculations, a stepwise designed Rh-Au-Si ternary catalyst, in which adsorption (the Volmer reaction) and desorption (the Heyrovsky reaction) take place on Rh and Si surfaces, respectively. The intermediate Au surface plays a vital role by promoting hydrogen diffusion from the Rh to the Si surface. Theoretical predictions have been explored extensively and verified by experimental observations. The optimized catalyst (Rh-Au-SiNW-2) has a composition of 2.2:28.5:69.3 (Rh:Au:Si mass ratio) and exhibits a Tafel slope of 24.0 mV·dec –1 . Its electrocatalytic activity surpasses that of a commercial 40 wt.% Pt/C catalyst at overpotentials above 0.19 V by exhibiting a current density of greater than 108 mA·cm –2 . At 0.3 V overpotential, the turnover frequency of Rh-Au-SiNW-2 is 10.8 times greater than that of 40 wt.% Pt/C. These properties may open new directions in the stepwise design of highly efficient catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
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