TETRAHEDRON
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2026
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IF 2.1
Jiahui Ma,Yiming Ma,Huida Qian,Yu Wang,Zhongxue Fang
A silver-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition of imines with isocyanoacetates was developed. This reaction represents a novel protocol for the efficient and practical synthesis of polysubstituted imidazolines bearing a broad range of substituents with good to excellent yields under mild conditions. The practicality of this cycloaddition was shown by a gram-scale synthesis.
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Inorganics
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 7
·183
·
IF 3.4
Xianguang Bai,Huiping Wang,Zebao Lu,Bin Li
A novel carbohydrazide-based ligand (L) and its binuclear Cu(II) complex were successfully synthesized and characterized. Structural analysis confirmed that the Cu(II) complex adopted a monoclinic crystal system with a distorted coordination configuration, in which the multidentate Schiff base ligand chelated and bridged two Cu(II) centers. The in vitro anti-tumor results revealed that the Cu(II) complex exhibited prominent cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines with much lower IC50values than the free ligand, copper chloride and cisplatin. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the Cu(II) complex significantly increased intracellular ROS and MDA levels, decreased the GSH/GSSG ratio, and reduced ATP content, thereby disrupting cellular redox balance and bioenergetic metabolism. In addition, flow cytometry analysis verified that the complex effectively triggered tumor cell apoptosis. In contrast, free CuCl2showed almost no anticancer activity, indicating that the synergistic effect between the Schiff base ligand and copper ions contributed to the excellent anti-tumor performance. This work suggests that the prepared binuclear Cu(II) complex can serve as a promising candidate for developing metal-based anticancer agents.
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JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2026
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IF 3.3
Min Zhao,Zhengwei Ding,Saima Perveen,Lulu Qin,Zaicheng Nie,Tao Yu,Mingming Mao,Yuanyuan Cheng,Junyu Wang,Pengfei Li
The cyclohexane skeleton is ubiquitous in small-molecule drugs and bioactive natural products. However, there remains a lack of synthetic methods for polysubstituted cyclohexanes that simultaneously satisfy the requirements of readily available starting materials, high atom economy, and low-cost catalysts, which to a certain extent limits the application of this type of skeleton in the field of drug research and development. Herein, we report the first example of a boron radical-catalyzed intermolecular (4 + 2) cycloaddition reaction between cyclobutanes and alkenes, a strategy that provides an efficient and general method for the synthesis of polysubstituted cyclohexanes. This reaction exhibits broad substrate scope, being compatible with monosubstituted, 1,1-disubstituted, and trisubstituted alkenes and can selectively construct tri-, tetra-, and pentasubstituted cyclohexane derivatives in moderate-to-excellent yields.
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ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2026
·
IF 6.6
Peixuan Li,Zhaojie Liu,Jia Yan,Haihua Huo,Yanchen Liu,Siqun Wan,Lu Guan,Feiyang Chen,Qingmei Chen,Jikai Wen,Yiqun Deng,Peiqiang Mu
T-2 toxin, a type A trichothecene mycotoxin, induces severe cytotoxicity primarily through mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. In this study, the protective role of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) against T-2 toxin-induced damage was investigated using the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 as an in vitro model. Our results demonstrated that T-2 toxin significantly reduced cell viability, promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and impaired mitochondrial function, as evidenced by disrupted respiratory activity, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced ATP production. These alterations were accompanied by dysregulated mitochondrial homeostasis, characterized by enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and excessive mitochondrial fission, along with activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Pretreatment with AS-IV mitigated ROS accumulation, rescued impaired mitochondrial respiratory function, stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential, maintained cellular ATP level, and restored mitochondrial homeostasis. Furthermore, AS-IV suppressed T-2 toxin-triggered apoptosis by modulating the BAX/BCL-2 ratio, inhibiting cytochrome c release, and attenuating caspase activation. Together, these findings indicate that AS-IV protects HepG2 cells from T-2 toxin-induced cytotoxicity by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and suppressing the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, providing mechanistic evidence for its protective effect.
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Waste and Biomass Valorization
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2026
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IF 3.1
Zhao Kunzhen,Zhang Zhuoma,Hang Xina,Yi LinLin,Li Kaiyuan,Zou Yanyan
Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is a high-performance thermoplastic with considerable potential for H 2 and syngas productions via pyrolysis. However, its conventional non-catalytic pyrolysis suffers from high energy consumption and low H 2 and syngas yields. This study investigates the catalytic pyrolysis of PEEK using nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH) 2 ) to enhance the gas production efficiency. PEEK mixed with Ni(OH) 2 at different molar ratios (1:0–1:2) was pyrolyzed up to 1073 K under a nitrogen atmosphere. The H 2 yield increased with catalyst loading and reached a maximum of 25.9 mg/g at a PEEK: Ni(OH) 2 ratio of 1:0.5 (13.85 wt%), corresponding to a 264.3% increase compared with non-catalytic pyrolysis. The syngas yield also reached a maximum of 0.75 g/g under the same condition. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the addition of Ni(OH) 2 significantly lowered the onset decomposition temperature of PEEK from 832 K to 532 K, and transformed its two-stage pyrolysis into a four-stage process with a 10.4% reduction in char residue. In-situ X-ray diffraction revealed that Ni(OH) 2 was progressively transformed into NiO and Ni during heating, indicating the formation of catalytically relevant Ni-containing phases within the pyrolysis temperature range. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the catalyst was distributed within the carbon matrix and altered the morphology of the pyrolysis residue. These observations provide qualitative evidence of morphological changes after catalytic pyrolysis. These findings demonstrate that the catalytic potential of Ni(OH) 2 in facilitating H 2 -rich syngas production from PEEK.
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Nanoscale
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Mengrou Wang,Lei Mao,Wenbo Jia,Xinbo Fu,Xin Wang,Jing Chen,Zhuoya Zhu,Zhiwei Zhao,Jun Wu,Damian Onwudiwe,Byung Seong Bae,Mehmet ERTUĞRUL,Muhammad Zaman Ashraf,Jianming Zhou,Qing Li,Wei Lei
Carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions have become a key environmental issue of widespread concern at present. Currently, the use of metal oxide based chem-resistive gas sensors are restricted due to their high operating temperature and short lifetime. Therefore, the development of efficient and rapid gas sensors are of great significance in modern research. Lead free double perovskite, Cs2AgBiBr6 (CABB), could be activated by ultraviolet light and generate a large number of free carriers, which have the potential to increase charge density and enhance the gas sensitivity. Photoinduced carriers provide sufficient reactants, which contributes to the activation between target gases and sensitive semiconductors. Heterojunction of ZIF-67/CABB combines gas adsorption by ZIF-67 and photo-activated gas sensitive response by CABB in one device, which response could reach up to -95.55% when illuminated with the light of 365 nm wavelength and 17.34 mW cm -2 incident power density. Average response/recovery time of ZIF-67/CABB heterojunction could reach to 39.07s and 5.04s under UV illumination. The adequate response/recovery time of this fabricated device is 38.89s and 3.17s, with maximum response when at the voltage bias of 5V, which attains the advanced level comparable with commercially available CO2 detectors. The heterojunction system decreases the dark current density from 3.89 A m -2 to 0.78 A m -2 , and also decrease the light current density from 18.48 A m -2 to 5.33 A m -2 compared with pristine CABB at 5 V bias through current-voltage characteristic curves, which promotes the response and stability of the device. The linear dynamic range of the heterojunction gas sensor is 1700ppm-14000ppm, with sensitivity of 0.0013%/ppm. After more than 35 mins continuous stably work, the current density still remains consistent. This efficient, wide working voltage range and stable device presents the future of high-performance photo induced gas detector applications.
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CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS
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2026
·
IF 9.5
Xiaoming Zou,Hailin Zhang,Jianzhong Zeng,Ligui Wu,Ziyun Yin,Yimei Zeng,Qunyan Zhou,Lingling Rong,Yanbo Zhou,Xubiao Luo
The extensive use of gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) in agriculture leads to residues in agricultural products, raising potential human health concerns, particularly where residue limits are not established. Microbial degradation offers a promising remediation strategy, yet progress is limited by the scarcity of highly efficient degraders and an incomplete understanding of underlying mechanisms. Here, we identify a Candida tropicalis strain (GAJ-2) that achieves 83.63 % GA 3 removal within 120 h, exceeding the efficiencies reported for previously described GA 3 -degrading strains such as Aspergillus niger and Enterococcus mundtii (55.58 %–56.90 % within 5–7 days), and we further validate its residue-removal capacity in representative fruits and vegetables. Mechanistic analyses indicate that viable-cell-mediated GA 3 biotransformation by GAJ-2 mainly involves dehydroxylation, decarboxylation, and cleavage of the tetracyclic diterpenoid scaffold. These transformations are rationalized by the electronic distribution of oxygen-bearing functional groups and the electrophilic nature of C11 and adjacent positions in GA 3 . Multi-omics analyses further reveal enhanced energy metabolism and catalytic functions, together with efflux-pump regulation, and show a strong association between GA 3 catabolism and the upregulation of key enzymes ( e.g. , decarboxylases and dehydrogenases). Docking-based interaction profiling suggests that GA 3 associates with key proteins primarily through noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen bonding, van der Waals contacts, and electrostatic effects. Collectively, this work provides multi-level experimental and computational evidence supporting a plausible framework for GA 3 biodegradation by GAJ-2 and informs improved strategies for GA 3 pollution control.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COMMUNICATIONS
·
2026
·
IF 2.2
Xiaoxian Sun,Yining Hu,Yingtong Zhou,Xin Liu
An amino acid ionic liquid, with lysine as the cation and CF3SO3- as the anion, was synthesized by ion‐exchange between lysine and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. This ionic liquid was then explored as a catalyst for the esterification of oleic acid with methanol to produce methyl oleate, commonly known as biodiesel. Using this catalytic ionic liquid helps to mitigate common issues in conventional biodiesel synthesis—such as difficult product separation, catalyst recovery, and waste liquid disposal. This study investigates the effect of the catalyst on the conversion of oleic acid and identifies the optimal reaction conditions, including temperature, methanol-to-oleic-acid molar ratio, catalyst loading, and reaction time. The process was first optimized using traditional single-factor experiments to evaluate the main operating variables. Subsequently, data-driven methods, including Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on a Box–Behnken design and Random Forest regression modeling, were employed to determine the optimal conditions for maximizing methyl oleate yield. The computational approach served to significantly reduce the required number of experimental trials, and allows to systematically identify optimal reaction conditions. The verified computational results had only 0.17% deviation from the predicted values.
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INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·
IF 3.3
Xiao-Shuo Wu,Yi Chen,Yan-Fen Peng,Shu-Fen Gong,Shan-Qing Li
A new phosphorescent coordination polymer [Pb(2-ClNA) 2 ] n ( 1 ) (2-ClNA = 2-chloronicotinate) was synthesized by the solvent method and characterized using microanalysis, IR spectrum, and thermogravimetric analysis. Single crystal structure analysis reveals that 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P 2 1 2 1 2 1 . In the structure of 1 , the Pb 2+ ion is seven-coordinated with a holodirected coordination geometry. Two kinds of inequivalent 2-chloronicotinate ligands link Pb 2+ ions to form a three-dimensional (3-D) network framework in μ 3 -κ 2 O1, O2: κ 1 O1: κ 1 O2 and μ 3 -κ 1 O3: κ 1 O4: κ 1 N2 modes, respectively. The 2-chloronicotinate ligands are evenly distributed around the Pb 2+ ions, and π⋯π stacking occurs only in two directions. At ambient conditions, 1 emits bright cyan phosphorescence with a lifetime of 2.76 ms and an absolute quantum yield as high as 16.25% under ultraviolet irradiation. Photophysical analysis reveals that the luminescence of 1 arises from the n → π* transition of the 2-chloronicotinate ligand. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations clarify the luminescence process, confirming that the phosphorescence of 1 is attributed to ligand-centered emission and that the 6s states of the Pb 2+ ions play a significant role in it.
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Frontiers in Communications and Networks
·
2026
·
IF 2.7
S. Dhanasekar,K. Martin Sagayam,Syed Immamul Ansarullah,Sami Alshmrany
BackgroundThis research highlights the importance of Internet of Things (IoT) technology in reducing the spread of the Omicron variant of COVID-19. In November 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) in South Africa. Despite ongoing preventive efforts, the pandemic continues to spread, and the rapid transmissibility of Omicron suggests that additional variants may emerge.MethodsThis research discusses several SARS-CoV-2 variations, examines the dynamics and structure of omicron transmission, and offers insights into global immunization campaigns. Furthermore, it addresses several IoT applications, such as temperature sensors in crowded areas for quick identification and isolation of sick individuals, digital telehealth remote doctor-patient interactions, guidance for IoT-assisted ambulances by remote medical experts, virus spread prediction, and health monitoring devices. The deployment of biosensors, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) for COVID-19 and Zika virus detection was also reviewed. Wearable sensor integration in pandemic healthcare has been comprehensively assessed for IoT-based detection and protection approaches. IoT applications include hotspot detection, real-time health analysis, remote administration of medication, medical device tracking, and ambulance monitoring was also analysed.ResultsThis article analyses consumer-orientated IoT gadgets such as smartwatches, smart glasses, drones, and autonomous swab test robots to support public health initiatives. It also emphasizes their function in identifying, monitoring, and responding to the Omicron cases.ConclusionThe IoT plays a preventive role by improving real-time observation, supporting prompt action, and reducing face-to-face encounters, which helps contain the spread of Omicron. Moreover, IoT-based systems can track patients in home isolation, ensuring adherence to quarantine rules.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2026
·
IF 8.7
Shimiao Wang,Siqi Liu,Jin Zhao,Jiaqi Chen,Shuang Ma,Lanzhou Li,Yu Li,Chunyue Wang,Di Wang
HCP ameliorates hyperlipidemia in HFD-induced mice, demonstrating its therapeutic potential for metabolic dysregulation. • HCP alleviates depression in HFD and CUMS models, supporting metabolic-neuroprotective effects. • First identification of 2-HG as a shared pathogenic mediator linking hyperlipidemia to depression, establishing it as a core target of HCP. • 2-HG drives the pathogenesis of depression by suppressing BDNF/TrkB/mTORC1 signaling, impairing synaptic function. • Targeting 2-HG offers a novel therapeutic strategy for developing more effective antidepressants against metabolic-related depression. Depression, a prevalent emotional disorder, frequently co-occurs with hyperlipidemia. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of Hericium coralloides polysaccharide (HCP) on comorbid hyperlipidemia and depression in mouse models subjected to a high-fat diet (HFD) and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). The results demonstrated that HFD and CUMS induced blood lipid abnormalities, depressive-like behaviors, increased levels of ( S )-2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), and hippocampal synaptic damage. Notably, 2-HG acted as a pathogenic hub: it inhibited the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB)/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway and altered the expression of 5-HT receptors, glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2), and doublecortin-like kinase (Dclk1), thereby aggravating lipid dysregulation and depressive symptoms and reducing synapse numbers and dendritic spine density. HCP regulated the intestinal microbiota and brain metabolites, reducing the levels of Faecalibaculum rodentium , which showed a positive correlation with 2-HG. HCP also lowered blood lipid and 2-HG levels and enhanced synaptic function by activating the BDNF/TrkB/mTORC1 signaling pathway, thereby ameliorating both dyslipidemia and depressive-like behaviors. These findings identify 2-HG as a central mediator linking metabolic and neurological pathologies and show that HCP exerts its therapeutic effects mainly by targeting this novel pathogenic hub. Download: Download high-res image (236KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Cell Host & Microbe
·
2026
·
IF 23.2
Shi Chen,Yang Wang,Beibei Chen,Xinyi Hou,Siyu Liu,Sihan He,Jiejun Qi,Ziheng Peng,Haibo Pan,Chunling Liang,Gehong Wei,Shuo Jiao
Rhizosphere microbiomes are essential for plant growth and stress tolerance, yet how microbial diversity shapes drought resilience in soybean remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that high rhizosphere microbial diversity, generated via dilution-to-extinction manipulation of soil microbiome diversity, improves soybean performance under drought. Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses identify 2-naphthoic acid as a diversity-induced root exudate that accumulates exclusively under drought. This metabolite selectively recruits Sinorhizobium CS204 via chemotaxis and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter-mediated uptake, as confirmed by in vitro substrate utilization assays and targeted mutant construction. Molecular docking and microscale thermophoresis reveal direct interactions between this metabolite and nitrogen-cycling proteins, enhancing denitrification and nitrogen fixation of S .CS204. Co-application of 2-naphthoic acid and S .CS204 significantly improves plant nutrient acquisition and photosynthesis under drought. Collectively, our study underscores the pivotal role of rhizosphere microbial diversity in triggering the exudation of root metabolites to recruit keystone taxa, establishing microbe-plant synergies that bolster drought tolerance.
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