RSC Advances
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2023
·Vol. 13
·期 40
·28299-28306
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IF 3.9
Jun Guo,Wei Gan,Ruixin Chen,Miao Zhang,Zhaoqi Sun
TiO2 nanorod arrays have been widely used in photocatalytic processes, but their poor visible light absorption and rapid carrier recombination limit their application. Both introducing oxygen vacancies and using precious metals as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) stimulators are effective strategies to enhance their photocatalytic performance. Herein, Au nanoparticle sensitized blue TiO2 nanorod arrays (Au/B-TiO2) were successfully fabricated for efficient Gatifloxacin photodegradation. The degradation efficiency of Gatifloxacin was up to 95.0%. Moreover, the corresponding reaction rate constant (Ka) was up to 0.02007 min−1. Additionally, it was suggested that Gatifloxacin could be subject to three different degradation pathways. The superior catalytic activity of Au/B-TiO2 is a result of the combined effect of the two components. Firstly, TiO2 nanorod arrays provide a larger surface area for Au deposition and act as efficient transfer channels. Secondly, the presence of oxygen vacancies in blue TiO2 nanorod arrays enhances the catalytic activity. Thirdly, Au acts as a SPR activator, providing a large number of high-energy electrons in the photocatalysis process. Lastly, the improved light capture capabilities are essential for efficient removal of Gatifloxacin. This work provides a new approach for the construction of a high-performance heterojunction photocatalyst in advanced oxidation processes.
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Catalysts
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 10
·1320
·
IF 3.9
Yinshan Xie,Xinning Wang,Hulin Li,Tao Wang,Wei Feng,Jian Li
Membrane separation has been widely utilized to eliminate pollutants from wastewater. Among them, a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane has presented outstanding stability, and distinguished chemical and thermal properties. However, UF membranes inevitably incur fouling issues during their operation procedure caused by contaminant adhesion on the membrane surface, which would restrict the operational efficiency and increase the maintenance cost. The conventional physical and chemical cleaning is not an effective technique to reduce the fouling due to the additional chemical addition and inevitable structure damage. Recently, UF membranes combined with photocatalytic materials are suggested to be a useful approach to conquer the membrane fouling issues. Herein, TiO2nanoparticles were utilized to blend with a PAN casting solution for fabricating a composite UF membrane via a phase inversion method. With a certain TiO2addition, the obtained membranes presented an enhancement of hydrophilicity, which could promote the water permeability and antifouling performance. The optimized M3 membrane prepared with 15.0 wt% PAN and 0.6 wt% TiO2exhibited an excellent water permeability up to 207.0 L m−2h−1bar−1with an outstanding 99.0% BSA rejection and superior antifouling property. In addition, the photocatalytic TiO2nanoparticles endowed the M3 membrane with a remarkable self-cleaning ability under the UV irradiation. This facile construction method offered new insight to enhance the UF membrane separation performance with an enhanced antifouling ability.Keywords:polyacrylonitrile;ultrafiltration;membrane fouling;TiO2;photocatalysis
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VACUUM
·
2023
·
IF 4
Pengfei Zhao,Guangshi Li,Ximu Chen,Peng Cheng,Yiming Yan,Zhongya Pang,Chenteng Sun,Xing Yu,Xingli Zou,Xionggang Lu
One of the greatest challenges for long-term human activities on the Moon is the development of in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) technologies, including in-situ oxygen extraction. In this study, a novel method called laser thermal vacuum metallurgy (LTVM) was proposed for oxygen extraction from lunar regolith , specifically using TiO 2 as raw material. Firstly, the theoretical feasibility of oxygen production from TiO 2 was elucidated through thermodynamic calculations. Subsequently, the impact of laser power density on the decomposition behavior of TiO 2 was investigated. The results demonstrate that through the augmentation of laser power density to elevate temperatures, there is a substantial enhancement observed in both the pyrolysis and vaporization processes of TiO 2 . Under the conditions of a laser power density of 2.48 kW/cm 2 , the surface temperature of TiO 2 can be maintained at approximately 2175 °C. The resulting pyrolysis products consist of Ti 6 O 11 (8.2 ± 0.5 wt %), Ti 5 O 9 (23.7 ± 0.6 wt %), Ti 4 O 7 (10.9 ± 0.4 wt %), and Ti 3 O 5 (57.2 ± 0.8 wt %). Further combining with the result of gas collection, the estimated oxygen extraction rate is approximately 43.3 L per kilogram of TiO 2 . Therefore, LTVM holds the potential to provide a new approach for in-situ oxygen extraction from titanium-containing lunar regolith on the Moon.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2021
·
IF 13.273
Jing He,Peiwen Wu,Linlin Chen,Hongping Li,Mingqing Hua,Linjie Lu,Yongqing Wei,Yanhong Chao,ShuaiShuai Zhou,Wenshuai Zhu,Huaming Li
Ti 3 C 2 MXene with dynamically-generated TiO 2 active site for boosting catalytic oxidative desulfurization has been researched. The two-dimensional Ti 3 C 2 MXene, with abundant interface engineering and loosely layered structure, was synthesized through selectively etching of aluminum (Al) layer in Ti 3 AlC 2 MAX. The desulfurization activity of Ti 3 C 2 MXene is higher than that of bulk Ti 3 AlC 2 MAX. Compared with Ti 3 AlC 2 MAX, the expanded slit layer provides more pores and cavities to accelerate the mass transfer of the reaction. Also, the excellent dispersion and interfacial affinity are conducive to the further access of MXene with the substrate in diesel. More than 87% of sulfides in real diesel can be removed with Ti 3 C 2 MXene as the catalyst. Specifically, the dynamically-generated active sites originate from the continuous activation of molecular oxygen and Ti 3 C 2 MXene, which favors the enhance of catalytic activity. Meanwhile, by detecting and analyzing the oxidizing products of various aromatic sulfides, the results show that the MXene interlayers serve as a reaction micro-cavity and are beneficial to the adsorption and removal of the sulfone. This work not only illustrates that MXene can be used in thermally excited catalytic systems, but also provides an example around the construction of dynamically generated active sites to extend the life of the catalyst.
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POLYMER COMPOSITES
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2021
·Vol. 42
·期 5
·2511-2522
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IF 3.171
Jingding Zhang,Ling Zhang,Chunzhong Li
The application of polymers in packaging is still limited due to the problems of poor gas barrier and flame retardant properties. Herein, a modified TiO 2 (m-TiO 2 )@graphene oxide (GO)/montmorillonite (MMT) filler-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based nanocomposite films with excellent gas barrier, flame retardant, and mechanical properties is fabricated through a simple method of solution casting. In this system, GO and MMT act as bricks, PVA sticks them together like glue, and they together form a brick-wall structure. By adding these fillers, the oxygen permeability rate ( Po 2 ) of this film is 0.48 × 10 −18 cm 3 •cm/(cm 2 •s•Pa), less than that of pure PVA film by 97%, and the water vapor permeability rate ( ) of the nanocomposite film is 1.21 × 10 −13 g•cm/(cm 2 •s•Pa), less than that of pure PVA film by 86%. In addition, the flame retardant properties of m-TiO 2 @GO/MMT/PVA nanocomposite films are excellent, which self-extinguishes as long as the flame taken away, different from pure PVA film, which is completely burned. Moreover, the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite films are also significantly improved. The nanocomposites with environment-friendly raw materials, simple manufacturing processes, and excellent performance should have good applications in the packaging and coating industries.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2021
·
IF 7.312
Yongjun Sun,Yuanyuan Yu,Deng Li,Jun Zhai,Huaili Zheng
A hybrid flocculant, PAC-CA, with the advantages of inorganic and organic flocculants, was prepared, and the coagulation behavior and floc characteristics of PAC-CA for removing titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 -NPs) under different conditions were studied. The effects of monomer mass ratio, initiator concentration, hydroxyl aluminum ratio, reaction temperature, and polymerization time on the coagulation performance for TiO 2 -NP removal were studied. PAC-CA was characterized through SEM, FT-IR, TG-DSC, XRD, XPS, and Ferron complex colorimetric characterization. The characterization results showed that PAC-CA was successfully copolymerized using AlCl 3 , carboxymethyl chitosan, and acrylamide. The high content of Alb in PAC-CA helped improve the coagulation performance. When the dosage was 30 mg/L, the pH was 8, the stirring intensity was 200 s −1 , and the settling time was 30 min, the optimal removal rates for TiO 2 -NPs and turbidity were 87.30% and 91.72%, respectively. Kaolin could effectively improve the TiO 2 -NP removal efficiency and promote the density and particle size of flocs. Humic acid exerted an inhibitory effect on coagulation efficiency with loose and small flocs.
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POLYMERS & POLYMER COMPOSITES
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2021
·
IF 2
Hailiang Hu,Minmin Chen,Mengye Cao
The eco-friendly functionalized TiO2/polymer antifouling (AF) coating was successfully synthesized by dispersing TiO2 nanoparticles in waterborne epoxy-modified tung oil resin. The AF effectiveness of coating was evaluated toward Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, ATCC6538), Escherichia coli (E. coli, ATCC8739) and diatom (Cyclotella sp., FACHB-1635). The nanoTiO2/polymer AF coating showed good antimicrobial activity both under the light and dark conditions by comparison with the pristine TiO2 nanoparticles and bulk polymer. Under light irradiation for 50 min, the AF coating showed only 8.4% and 8% survival rate for S. aureus and E. coli. In addition, The AF coatings exhibited favorable inhibition efficacy toward the growth and adhesion of Cyclotella sp., and the efficacy was enhanced with the increase of TiO2 content. It can be concluded that TiO2 nanoparticles endow the AF coatings with promoted fouling resistance properties.
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Frontiers in Chemistry
·
2021
·
IF 5.221
Yao Xinyun,Zuo Jiaqi,Wang Yu-Jue,Song Ning-Ning,Li Huang-Hao,Qiu Kaipei
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a typical perfluorinated carboxylic acid, is an emerging type of permanent organic pollutants that are regulated by the Stockholm Convention. The degradation of PFOA, however, is quite challenging largely due to the ultra-high stability of C-F bonds. Compared with other techniques, photocatalytic degradation offers the potential advantages of simple operation under mild conditions as well as exceptional decomposition and defluorination efficiency. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most frequently used photocatalysts, but so far, the pristine nanosized TiO2 (e.g., the commercial P25) has been considered inefficient for PFOA degradation, since the photo-generated hydroxyl radicals from TiO2 are not able to directly attack C-F bonds. Mesoporous Sb2O3/TiO2 heterojunctions were therefore rationally designed in this work, of which the confined Sb2O3 nanoparticles in mesoporous TiO2 framework could not only tune the band structure and also increase the number of active sites for PFOA degradation. It was found that, after loading Sb2O3, the absorption of UV light was enhanced, indicating a higher efficiency of light utilization; while the band gap was reduced, which accelerated the separation of photo-generated charge carriers; and most importantly, the valence band edge of the Sb2O3/TiO2 heterojunction was significantly lifted so as to prevent the occurrence of hydroxyl radical pathway. Under the optimal ratio of Sb2O3–TiO2, the resulting catalysts managed to remove 81.7% PFOA in 2 h, with a degradation kinetics 4.2 times faster than the commercial P25. Scavenger tests and electron spin resonance spectra further revealed that such improvement was mainly attributed to the formation of superoxide radicals and photo-generated holes, in which the former drove the decarboxylation from C7F15COOH–C7F15•, and the latter promoted the direct electron transfer for the conversion of C7F15COO−–C7F15COO•. The Sb2O3/TiO2 photocatalysts were highly recyclable, with nearly 90% of the initial activity being retained after five consecutive cycles, guaranteeing the feasibility of long-term operation.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2021
·
IF 4.527
Yi Hu,Yuqiang Guo,Fenghua Zhao,Rui Zuo,Xugang Lu,Shibing Xiong,Ping Huang,Bangcheng Yang
In the field of hard tissue repair, titanium-based materials have excellent mechanical properties and magnesium-based materials have good bioactivity, but their shortcomings are that titanium-based materials do not have good bioactivity, while magnesium-based materials are limited in application due to their rapid degradation rate. In order to give full play to the advantages of these two materials, the TiO 2 –MgO composite ceramic materials were prepared by combining the two elements and sintering at high temperature. By changing sintering temperature and MgO content, the structure composition and bioactivity of composite ceramic materials can be controlled. The surface morphology , mineralization ability in vitro, cytotoxicity and bone-promoting properties of composite ceramic materials were studied. The experimental results show that high MgO content composite ceramic materials will bring too strong alkalinity to the environment, which will accelerate the mineralization ability of materials, but is not conducive to the survival of cells. Composite ceramic materials with suitable sintering temperature and MgO content have good bioactivity and bone-promoting performance, while the porous structure produced by MgO degradation is beneficial to cell spreading and can form a good combination between the material and bone tissue at an early stage. Porous structure and Mg 2+ can adjust the bone-promoting properties of materials together. Through the above experimental research, it is found that TiO 2 –MgO composite ceramic material is a new type of material which is used in the field of hard tissue repair due to its good bioactivity.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2021
·
IF 9.229
Caihong Fang,Xiaomin Jiang,Jinwu Hu,Jiaojiao Song,Na Sun,Deliang Zhang,Long Kuai
Ruthenium nanocrystals with small size and special morphology are of great interest in various catalytic reactions due to their high activities. However, it is still a great challenge to downsize these nanocatalysts to a sub-nano scale (<2 nm). Herein, we reported a synthesis of ultrasmall size and uniform Ru nanoparticles through a rapid one-pot method. The prepared Ru nanocrystal shows a wormlike shape, in which the diameter is as thin as 1.6 ± 0.3 nm and the length is 13.6 ± 4.4 nm. These Ru nanoworms (NWs) are quite steady during the synthetic process even though the reaction time was further prolonged. We also examined their catalytic activity toward CO oxidation by loading Ru NWs on TiO2 to form Ru NWs/TiO2 catalysts. These catalysts exhibit a high activity of 100% CO conversion at 150 °C, which is much lower than the normal Ru NPs/TiO2 nanostructures. Based on our detailed investigations, we proposed that the small size, special morphology, and TiO2 support are the keys for their significantly improved catalytic activity. We believed that these reasonable discoveries provide a methodology and opportunity to get highly active catalysts for CO oxidation by a detailed increase in their active sites.
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Nature Communications
·
2020
·Vol. 11
·期 1
·1-8
·
IF 12.121
Du Xiaorui,Huang Yike,Pan Xiaoli,Han Bing,Su Yang,Jiang Qike,Li Mingrun,Tang Hailian,Li Gao,Qiao Botao
The strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) has long been studied in heterogonous catalysis on account of its importance in stabilizing active metals and tuning catalytic performance. As a dynamic process taking place at the metal-support interface, the SMSI is closely related to the metal surface properties which are usually affected by the size of metal nanoparticles (NPs). In this work we report the discovery of a size effect on classical SMSI in Au/TiO 2 catalyst where larger Au particles are more prone to be encapsulated than smaller ones. A thermodynamic equilibrium model was established to describe this phenomenon. According to this finding, the catalytic performance of Au/TiO 2 catalyst with uneven size distribution can be improved by selectively encapsulating the large Au NPs in a hydrogenation reaction. This work not only brings in-depth understanding of the SMSI phenomenon and its formation mechanism, but also provides an alternative approach to refine catalyst performance.
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2020
·Vol. 44
·期 44
·19192-19200
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IF 3.288
Jixin Ai,Zhiguang Guo
Functional superamphiphobic coatings have attracted great attention due to their promising applications in oil transportation and anti-contamination. Herein, a superamphiphobic cotton fabric with excellent mechanical stability and antifouling property was constructed by coating flower-like TiO2 nanoparticles onto the cotton fabric surface by a facile spraying method and further modification with 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane (FOTS). The synthetic mechanism, surface structure, chemical composition of the F-TiO2 particles were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. The prepared cotton fabrics exhibited high liquid repellency to water, rapeseed oil, glycerol, 1,2-dichloroethane and n-hexadecane with a lower surface tension, showing a contact angle of 159°, 157°, 155°, 153° and152°respectively. Furthermore, the F-TiO2-coated fabrics displayed excellent self-cleaning and self-healing properties. Moreover, the great mechanical stability of F-TiO2 fabrics was confirmed after sand paper abrasion and water-impacting tests. The result indicates that F-TiO2 coatings with versatile abilities exhibited promising potential to achieve numerous applications.
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