Frontiers in Plant Science
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2021
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IF 5.754
Hua Huang,Ling Wang,Diyang Qiu,Nan Zhang,Fangcheng Bi
The plant cuticle covers almost all the outermost surface of aerial plant organs, which play a primary function in limiting water loss and responding to the environmental interactions. Banana fruit is susceptible to thermal changes with chilling injury below 13°C and green ripening over 25°C. Herein, the changes of surface morphology, chemical compositions of cuticle, and the relative expression of cuticle biosynthesis genes in banana fruit under low-temperature storage were investigated. Banana fruit exhibited chilling injury rapidly with browned peel appearance stored at 4°C for 6 days. The surface altered apparently from the clear plateau with micro-crystals to smooth appearance. As compared to normal ones, the overall coverage of the main cuticle pattern of waxes and cutin monomers increased about 22% and 35%, respectively, in browned banana stored under low temperature at 6 days. Fatty acids (C 16 –C 18 ) and ω-OH, mid-chain-epoxy fatty acids (C 18 ) dominated cutin monomers. The monomers of fatty acids, the low abundant ω, mid-chain-diOH fatty acids, and 2-hydroxy fatty acids increased remarkably under low temperature. The cuticular waxes were dominated by fatty acids (> C 19 ), n -alkanes, and triterpenoids; and the fatty acids and aldehydes were shifted to increase accompanied by the chilling injury. Furthermore, RNA-seq highlighted 111 cuticle-related genes involved in fatty acid elongation, biosynthesis of very-long-chain (VLC) aliphatics, triterpenoids, and cutin monomers, and lipid-transfer proteins were significantly differentially regulated by low temperature in banana. Results obtained indicate that the cuticle covering on the fruit surface was also involved to respond to the chilling injury of banana fruit after harvest. These findings provide useful insights to link the cuticle on the basis of morphology, chemical composition changes, and their biosynthesis regulations in response to the thermal stress of fruit during storage.
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REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
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2021
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IF 3.975
Danian Liu,Jingwen Wang,Wenhai Peng,Xinzhu Wang,Hua Ren,Donald W. Kirk
Due to their high density, dielectric ceramics are no longer appropriate for the areas with a light weight demand such as aeronautics, astronautics and wearable devices . In order to meet the ever-increasing demand for lightweight and flexibility dielectric composites, an organic semiconductor material linear polyethylene glycol-polyaniline multi-alternating block (more than triblock) copolymer (with low density) was designed based on the Williamson ether synthesis . FT-IR, 1 HNMR, XRD , DSC and TG results confirmed the success of the synthesis. Its SEBS-based dielectric composites behavior was studied. The results indicated that the copolymer not only possessed a lighter density (~0.9 g/cm 3 ) compared with ceramics (~6–8 g/cm 3 ), but also exhibited better dielectric performances as a dielectric filler. The dielectric constant was 14.52 at a content of 11.5 vol% and the breakdown strength was 33.12 KV·mm −1 , compared to ceramic BaTiO 3 composite having 9.03 and 20.09 KV·mm −1
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Advanced Healthcare Materials
·
2021
·Vol. 10
·期 20
·2100938
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IF 9.933
Gaizhen Kuang,Hongtong Lu,Shasha He,Hejian Xiong,Jie Yu,Qingfei Zhang,Yubin Huang
Stimuli-responsive nanosystems have been widely applied as effective modalities for drug/gene co-delivery in cancer treatment. However, precise spatiotemporal manipulations of drug/gene co-delivery, as well as multi-modality imaging-guided cancer therapy, still remain a daunting challenge. Here, multifunctional polyprodrug/siRNA loaded upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are reported that combine computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR), and upconversion luminescence (UCL) tri-modality imaging and near-infrared (NIR) light-activated drug/gene on-demand delivery. The photoactivatable platinum(IV) (Pt(IV))-backbone polymers (PPt) and the siRNA targeting polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) are loaded on the surface of polyethyleneimine (PEI)-coated UCNPs (PUCNP) to obtain the multifunctional polyprodrug/siRNA loaded UCNPs (PUCNP@Pt@siPlk1). The PUCNP@Pt@siPlk1 can be served as a “nanotransducer” to convert NIR light (980 nm) into local ultraviolet (UV) to visible light for the cleavage of photosensitive PPt, resulting in the simultaneous on-demand release of high toxic platinum(II) (Pt(II)) and siPlk1. Meanwhile, the PUCNP@Pt@siPlk1 has CT, T 1 -weighted MR, and UCL tri-modality imaging abilities. Based on these merits, PUCNP@Pt@siPlk1 displayed excellent synergistic therapeutic efficacy via image-guided and NIR light-activated platinum-based chemotherapy and RNA interfering in vitro and in vivo. Thus, this developed nanosystem with NIR light-controlled drug/gene delivery and multi-modality imaging abilities, will display great potential in combining chemotherapy and gene therapy.
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JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
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2021
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IF 6.789
Awoke Guadie,Jing-Long Han,Wenzong Liu,Yang-Cheng Ding,Mengist Minale,Fidelis O. Ajibade,Siyuan Zhai,Hong-Cheng Wang,Haoyi Cheng,Nanqi Ren,Aijie Wang
Pyridine contamination poses a significant threat to human and environmental health . Due to the presence of nitrogen atom in the pyridine ring, the pi bond electrons are attracted toward it and make difficult for pyridine treatment with biological and chemical methods. In this study, coupling Fenton treatment with different biological process was designed to enhance pyridine biotransformation and further mineralization . After Fenton oxidation process optimized, pretreated pyridine was evaluated under three biological (anaerobic, aerobic and microaerobic) operating conditions. Under optimum Fenton oxidation, pyridine (30–75%) and TOC (5–25%) removal efficiencies were poor. Biological process alone also showed insignificant removal efficiency, particularly anaerobic (pyridine = 8.2%; TOC = 5.3%) culturing condition. However, combining Fenton pretreatment with biological process increased pyridine (93–99%) and TOC (87–93%) removals, suggesting that hydroxyl radical generated during Fenton oxidation enhanced pyridine hydroxylation and further mineralization in the biological (aerobic > microaerobic > anaerobic) process. Intermediates were analyzed with UPLC-MS and showed presence of maleic acid, pyruvic acid, glutaric dialdehyde, succinic semialdehyde and 4-formylamino-butyric acid. High-throughput sequencing analysis also indicated that Proteobacteria (35–43%) followed by Chloroflexi (10.6–24.3%) and Acidobacteria (8.0–29%) were the dominant phyla detected in the three biological treatment conditions. Co-existence of dominant genera under aerobic/microaerobic ( Nitrospira > Dokdonella > Caldilinea ) and anaerobic ( Nitrospira > Caldilinea > Longilinea ) systems most probably play significant role in biotransformation of pyridine and its intermediate products. Overall, integrating Fenton pretreatment with different biological process is a promising technology for pyridine treatment, especially the combined system enhanced anaerobic (>10 times) microbial pyridine biotransformation activity.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2021
·
IF 5.909
Yulong Yang,Zhanghua Liu,Huiming Zheng,Shicui Zhu,Kejia Zhang,Xueyan Li,Xiaoyan Ma,Andrea M. Dietrich
As a globally important artificial sweetener, sucralose (SUC) is a persistent emerging contaminant in global aquatic environments. This research comprehensively track the fate and transport of SUC throughout an urban water cycle; to perform laboratory experiments to determine chlorinated disinfection by-products (DBPs) of SUC sebsequent to advanced oxidation with ozone; and to perform a risk evaluation of SUC related DBPs.; The results demonstrated that SUC was consistently present throughout the urban water cycle, including consumer's tap water . The inluent to the municipal wastewater treatment plant contained 1033.4-2626.3 ng/L SUC, and as expected for this non-biodegradable artificial sweetener, the concentration in the effluent was slightly reduced to 917.6-2031.2 ng/L. The concentration of SUC varied in surface waters with a peak value of 2070.0 ng/L. In finished drinking water 288.1–505.3 ng/L SUC was found, and values of 177.7–409.7 ng/L were present in the distribution system. Up to 16.3% of SUC concentration discharged as municipal wastewater was delivered to residents in their drinking water . While conventional treatment little removed SUC, the mean removal efficiency of SUC with ozonation followed by activated carbon filtration was 39.6% at a full-scale drinking water treatment plant. The fate and transformation of SUC in drinking water treated by ozonation and chlorination were investigated in laboratory experiments. Ozonation partially degraded SUC; however, intermediates reacted with chlorine to generate DBPs, including trichloromethane (TCM), dichloroacetic acid (DCAA) and trichloroacetic acid (TCAA). Peak 7-days potential formation of TCM, DCAA and TCAA were 0.016, 0.51 and 23.34 μ g/mg SUC, respectively. DBP yields increased with increasing chlorine dosage, chlorination time, temperature, and solution pH. The presence of ammonia nitrogen in water facilitated dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) production up to 0.78 μ g/mg SUC, while simultaneously reducing the yield of TCM, DCAA and TCAA. Human exposure analysis revealed that carcinogenic risks of DBPs caused only by SUC ozonation were in the range of 1.86 × 10 −12 -6.12 × 10 −9 , while non-carcinogenic risks were in the range of 6.0 × 10 −9 -4.37 × 10 −6 . The pervasive occurrence of SUC in an urban water cycle, couple to its resistance to biological and chemical treatment, confirms that SUC is a persistent contaminant in the aquatic system, including tap water .
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2021
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IF 5.645
Qin Chen,Zhenhua Gao,Long Bai,Zhen Xu,Jiyou Gu
To improve the performance of waterborne materials, this study attempts to prepare a novel water-dispersible isocyanate crosslinking agent based on plant-based castor oil. The intermediate maleated castor oil and water-dispersible isocyanates with different R values [n(NCO)/n(OH)] are prepared and characterized by FTIR and 1 H NMR. The viscosity test, isocyanate content titration, particle size analysis, and the morphologies indicate that the optimal condition for the water-dispersible isocyanates (e.g., best storage stability and particle size distribution) is at R value = 40. The mechanical test proves that the water-dispersible isocyanates can greatly improve the bonding strength and water resistance of wood adhesives, showing an increase of wet strength to be as high as 146 % and 506 % for urea-formaldehyde resin and white latex, respectively. The castor oil-mediated water-dispersible isocyanate system opens a novel avenue to synthesize waterborne crosslinking agent for applications in adhesives, coatings, and structural materials.
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Science Advances
·
2021
·Vol. 7
·期 30
·
IF 14.143
Xiaofei Chen,Guohua Zhang,Bao Li,Lixin Wu
A strategy integrating near infrared (NIR) photothermal and catalytic effects within one active center beyond ultraviolet and visible light is proposed without the combination of separated photothermal transformation components. A giant polyoxomolybdate, which has high NIR photothermal conversion efficiency, is selected as the model catalyst, while a cationic β-cyclodextrin is used to cover its negatively charged surface electrostatically. Under NIR light radiation, the designed catalyst increases catalytic activity of cyclohexene oxidation under O2 atmosphere in water. The conversion reaches about pentaploid of the reaction without NIR radiation. By excluding heating effect from the external heater at the same temperature, about twice as much enhancement, which can be attributed to the sole photothermal action, is still observed. While the catalytic center is shielded by the organic porous layer, the surface cavity allows the integrated catalyst to conduct a selective catalysis by screening the molecules in size over the surface channel.
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RSC Advances
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2021
·Vol. 11
·期 40
·24995-25003
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IF 3.361
Hao Guo,Longli Ma,Chaojing Yan,Xiaohua Ma
The polycation gel polymer electrolyte (PGPE) is a promising electrolyte material for supercapacitors due to its high ionic conductivity and great flexibility. Herein, we report a novel flexible PGPE film, which is prepared by thermal copolymerization. The superiority of PGPE is attributed to the existence of charged groups in the polymer skeleton. Consequently, the crystallinity of the polymer is effectively reduced, and the migration of the lithium ion is evidently promoted. Moreover, the liquid retention capacity of the film is improved, which enhances its ionic conductivity as well. The reported PGPE exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 57.6 mS cm−1 at 25 °C and a potential window of 0–1.2 V. The symmetrical PGPE supercapacitor (AC/AC) shows 95.21% mass-specific capacitance retention after 5000 cycles at 2 A g−1 with a maximum energy density of 12.8 W h kg−1 and a maximum power density of 5.475 kW kg−1. This study confirms the exciting potential of PGPE for high performance supercapacitors.
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Nature Communications
·
2021
·Vol. 12
·期 1
·1-11
·
IF 14.919
Wang Jia-Wei,Jiang Long,Huang Hai-Hua,Han Zhiji,Ouyang Gangfeng
The fulfillment of a high quantum efficiency for photocatalytic CO 2 reduction presents a key challenge, which can be overcome by developing strategies for dynamic attachment between photosensitizer and catalyst. In this context, we exploit the use of coordinate bond to connect a pyridine-appended iridium photosensitizer and molecular catalysts for CO 2 reduction, which is systematically demonstrated by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance titration, theoretical calculations, and spectroscopic measurements. The mechanistic investigations reveal that the coordinative interaction between the photosensitizer and an unmodified cobalt phthalocyanine significantly accelerates the electron transfer and thus realizes a remarkable quantum efficiency of 10.2% ± 0.5% at 450 nm for photocatalytic CO 2 -to-CO conversion with a turn-over number of 391 ± 7 and nearly complete selectivity, over 4 times higher than a comparative system with no additional interaction (2.4%±0.2%). Moreover, the decoration of electron-donating amino groups on cobalt phthalocyanine can optimize the quantum efficiency up to 27.9% ± 0.8% at 425 nm, which is more attributable to the enhanced coordinative interaction rather than the intrinsic activity. The control experiments demonstrate that the dynamic feature of coordinative interaction is important to prevent the coordination occupancy of labile sites, also enabling the wide applicability on diverse non-noble-metal catalysts.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2021
·
IF 4.527
Qingming Meng,Wenna Liu,Juan Jiang,Xinle Zhang
CuO/ZnO p-n heterojunction nanofibers were fabricated by coupling p-type CuO with n-type ZnO nanofibers for efficacious elimination of pyridine in fuel oil. The structural and photoelectric characteristics of the as-synthesized nanofibers were systematically studied. The photodegradation system was appropriate for the oxidation of pyridine from fuel oil utilizing the ambient air without mixing with other oxidants. Under visible light illumination, more than 90% of the pyridine (100 mL, 100 μg/g) could be degraded within 60 min by 17.5 mg of MCuZn-0.5 (the photocatalyst with a Cu/Zn molar ratio of 0.5 at%). The visible-light-induced photocatalytic denitrification efficiency of the MCuZn-0.5 nanofibers was nearly 1.5 times as high as that of ZnO alone. The superior denitrification activity of p-CuO/n-ZnO heterojunction nanofibers could be attributed to the enhanced optical absorption capacity and efficacious separation of photoexcited charge pairs. In addition, five-cycle experiments confirmed that MCuZn-0.5 nanofibers also displayed satisfactory photocatalytic denitrification properties. Mechanistic investigations proposed that the photoexcited holes played a dominant role in the formation of reactant intermediates, while superoxide radicals promoted the ultimate mineralization process of pyridine.
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MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
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2021
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IF 4.094
Fan Huang,Qiang Li,Gengsheng Ji,Jie Tu,Na Ding,Qianqian Qu,Guanhui Liu
To achieve cheap and highly efficient separation of oil/water mixtures, a superhydrophobic ployvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) composite membrane was prepared by a two-step method, in which MCC and PVDF were directly mixed to form the membrane at 25 °C, then lauric acid was induced on surface of the membrane using grafting method. Then membranes were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) Attenuated total reflection infrared spectra (FTIR-ATR). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), water contact angle (WCA). The water contact angle of the superhydrophobic membrane in air is 153° ± 2° and the separation efficiency for different immiscible oil/water mixtures is above 99%. The superhydrophobic membrane (119.6 mg/g loading amount of lauric acid) has a high flux of 8800 L m −2 h −1 for n-hexane-water mixture and stable separation performance to kerosene-water mixture, which can be reused 20 times without decreasing the separation efficiency. Meanwhile, surfactant-stabilized emulsions can be effectively separated using the superhydrophobic membrane under gravity. Besides, the superhydrophobic film can be degraded in soil.
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Reaction Kinetics Mechanisms and Catalysis
·
2021
·Vol. 133
·期 1
·191-208
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IF 2.081
Wang Jianye,Liu Haifeng,Chen Zhonghui,Sun Yifeng,Wang Song
Waste crayfish shell powder was utilized to prepare a series of solid base catalyst for the transesterification of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate to synthesize glycerol carbonate. Thermal decomposition behavior of waste crayfish shell powder was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the different catalysts prepared at different calcinations temperature were characterized using FESEM, XRD, FTIR, BET techniques. It was clearly confirmed that the catalyst generated by the calcination of waste crayfish shell at 800 °C exhibited excellent catalytic activity, 98.7% glycerol conversion and 95.3% glycerol carbonate yield were obtained under mild reaction conditions such as 90 min of reaction time, 1:6 molar ratio of glycerol to dimethyl carbonate, 4 wt% of catalyst loading and 75 °C of reaction temperature.
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