JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
·
2025
·Vol. 58
·期 23
·235101
·
IF 3.2
Longhui Lei,Wenbo Cao,Jiajin Kuang,Chaofan Zheng,Mingtai Wang
A systematic investigation is conducted to determine the role of thiourea in regulating crystallization and defect formation in solution-processed CuInS2 solar cells. By modulating the Cu:In:S stoichiometry (1:1:6–1:1:10), sulfur content is found to critically influence material properties. The optimal stoichiometry (1:1:8) balances the defects density, stabilizes the chalcopyrite phase, and suppresses deleterious secondary phases, yielding a peak efficiency of 5.16% (Voc = 0.68 V, Jsc = 11.91 mA cm−2, FF = 63.52%). Excessive thiourea (1:1:10) induces defects (InCu) and (Ini), degrading device performance. These findings establish a dual mechanism for thiourea's role in solar cell performance: regulating defects concentration and crystal phase composition, providing a theoretical guide for solution-processed CuInS2 devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2021
·Vol. 13
·期 18
·3049
·
IF 4.329
Yuhua Zhang,Xi Zhang,Yurong Yan,Zhonghua Chen
Photochromic materials are interesting materials because of their color-changing property under UV light and visible light irradiation. However, they are vulnerable to many factors, such as pH oxygen, ion, solvent, etc. because of the unsaturated bonds existing on the photochromic molecular. Microencapsulation of the photochromic materials can separate them from the surroundings. Here, photochromic microcapsules using 3,3-Diphenyl-3H-naphtho[2,1-b] pyran (NP)/solution as core and polyurea as shell via interfacial polymerization were prepared, and bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)sebacate (HALS 770) was used as photostabilizer. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), a laser particle size analyzer, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a thermogravimetric analyzer and an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer were used for characterization. The results showed that the microcapsules had a uniform particle size of about 0.56 μm when the percentage of the oil phase (core) in the emulsion was less than 15%, the addition amount of the emulsifier was 0.4%, and the stirring rate was 1800 r/min. The microcapsules showed better performance in thermal stability when the core/shell ratio was 1:1. The photostabilizer had little impact on the color-changing property of the microcapsule, but it could protect the microcapsules from UV light radiation aging.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2025
·
IF 5.4
Qiang Zhang,Zhongtian Yang,Yage Xia,Junxu Chen,Yanzheng Ji,Juan Li,Huimin Liu,Xinquan Yu,Youfa Zhang
Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) have excellent hydrophobicity, low adhesion, and self-healing, showing potential applications prospects in the fields of self-cleaning, anti-corrosion, anti-biofouling, and drag reduction. However, the current SLIPS surface has problems such as complicated preparation process and easy loss of lubricant, which seriously restricts its practical application. In this paper, hydrophobic modified superhydrophobic diatomaceous earth@SiO 2 cell loaded with silicone oil were firstly prepared, and then mixed with polyurea resin and curing agent to prepare a novel slippery lubricated oil-infused anti-corrosion and anti-fouling polyurea coating (SLIC).The impedance modulus (|Z| 0.01 Hz ) of the SLIC-coated Q235B steel plate in simulated seawater (3.5 wt% NaCl aqueous solution) reaches 10 10 Ω·cm 2 order of magnitude; Additionally, the glass samples coated with SLIC coatings showed only 0.18 % bacteria coverage rate after 72 hours of incubation in E. coli culture solution, and only 0.10 %, 0.29 % and 0.53 % coverage of Chlorella after 5, 10 and 15 days of incubation in Chlorella culture solution. The SLIC coatings are also simple to prepare, low-cost, and versatile, with excellent robustness, durability and self-cleaning, thereby presenting potential application prospects in the fields of ships and marine engineering.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
海洋工程
·
生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2017
·
IF 3.684
Ying Yan,Ningwei Sun,Xiaoteng Jia,Xincai Liu,Ce Wang,Danming Chao
Electroactive materials have gained increasing attention for their intelligent applications. In this work, we report the design and synthesis of a novel electrochromic and electrofluorochromic dual-switching polyurea bearing oligoaniline and fluorescent triphenylamine units (PUOT). Cyclic voltammogram of PUOT exhibits two reversible redox couples at 0.96 V/0.73 V and 1.36 V/1.11 V (vs. Ag/AgCl reference electrode), ascribed to the redox transformation of oligoaniline and triphenylamine groups, respectively. In this wide potential window (0–1.6 V), the PUOT film reveals a unique multistage regulated electrochromic behavior with maximal transmittance contrast value of 38% switching from 0.0 V to 1.0 V, and partial transmittance contrast value of 14% (0–1.6 V) and 24% (1.0–1.6 V). Furthermore, its electrofluorochromic behavior has also been disclosed at the potential range of 0–1.0 V, which demonstrates that the oligoaniline groups should be served as electroactive units in this electrofluorochromic system. Our research not only presents a deep understanding of the optical-electrical modulation mechanism but also paves the way for their future applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymer Chemistry
·
2018
·Vol. 9
·期 7
·869-877
·
IF 4.927
Bo Pang,Jingzhe Zhang,Minglei Pang,Peijian Zhao,Zhen Yang,Shengyu Feng,Jie Zhang
A new synthesis strategy was presented to prepare a polyurea–polysiloxane–polyether copolymer (PUA). A new block soft segment (b-SS) was synthesised via an aza-Michael addition reaction of acryloxymethyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (AT-PDMS) and amine-terminated polyoxypropylene (PPO). The hard segment (HS) was formed from bis(4-isocyanato cyclohexyl)methane (HMDI) and a 2-methyl-1,5-diaminopentane chain extender. The copolymers are tough and easily processed thermoplastic elastomers. The properties and structures of the polyurea–polysiloxane–polyether copolymers were investigated by dynamic mechanic analysis (DMA), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and macroscopy mechanical testing. The DMA results of the polyurea–polysiloxane–polyether copolymers show that temperature insensitive rubbery plateaus exist between −50 °C and 80 °C, which are independent of the HS wt% and the molecular weight of PDMS. The viscoelastic behavior of the polyurea–polysiloxane–polyether copolymers was correlated with the molecular weight of PDMS used for the b-SS. The polyurea–polysiloxane–polyether copolymers display improved mechanical strength (16 MPa) compared with the published results of PDMS-based siloxane-urea segmented copolymers (11–13 MPa). The studies reveal that the mild microphase separation between the hard and soft segments leads to improved mechanical strength of the polyurea–polysiloxane–polyether copolymers. In addition, for these copolymers, the introduction of b-SS is effective in avoiding a sharp phase separation assuming that the molecular weight of PDMS in the b-SS is appropriate.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2019
·Vol. 11
·期 5
·838
·
IF 3.164
Ting Li,Tianze Zheng,Jiarui Han,Zhanli Liu,Zhao-Xia Guo,Zhuo Zhuang,Jun Xu,Bao-Hua Guo
Four linear polyurea elastomers synthesized from two different diisocyanates, two different chain extenders and a common aliphatic amine-terminated polyether were used as models to investigate the effects of both diisocyanate structure and aromatic disulfide chain extender on hard segmental packing and self-healing ability. Both direct investigation on hard segments and indirect investigation on chain mobility and soft segmental dynamics were carried out to compare the levels of hard segmental packing, leading to agreed conclusions that correlated well with the self-healing abilities of the polyureas. Both diisocyanate structure and disulfide bonds had significant effects on hard segmental packing and self-healing property. Diisocyanate structure had more pronounced effect than disulfide bonds. Bulky alicyclic isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) resulted in looser hard segmental packing than linear aliphatic hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), whereas a disulfide chain extender also promoted self-healing ability through loosening of hard segmental packing compared to its C-C counterpart. The polyurea synthesized from IPDI and the disulfide chain extender exhibited the best self-healing ability among the four polyureas because it had the highest chain mobility ascribed to the loosest hard segmental packing. Therefore, a combination of bulky alicyclic diisocyanate and disulfide chain extender is recommended for the design of self-healing polyurea elastomers.Keywords:diisocyanate structure;disulfide bonds;hard segmental packing;self-healing;polyureas
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2019
·Vol. 38
·期 1
·45-52
·
IF 2.804
Song Yan,Chen Kai-Feng,Wang Jing-Jing,Liu Yuan,Qi Tao,Li Guo Liang
One-component, catalyst-free self-healing coatings with double-shelled polymer microcapsules have drawn considerable attention due to wide applications. In this work, the synthesis parameters of double-shelled polymer microcapsules and the mechanism of the self-healing process were systematically investigated. Apart from the chemical structure of the microcapsule shell, the shell thickness, the microcapsule size, and the core fraction could affect the self-healing anticorrosion properties. The synthesis parameters were further optimized in terms of the agitation rate, pH, weight ratio of core to shell, and temperature. Under these conditions, the microcapsule shell consisting of a rough surface formed by poly(urea-formaldehyde) and a smooth inner wall by polyurethane was prepared. The size of the microcapsules and core fraction were calculated to be approximately 30 μm and 75%, respectively. The self-healing anticorrosion coating incorporating as-synthesized microcapsules exhibited corrosion resistance in artificially scratched areas, which was further characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Energies
·
2019
·Vol. 12
·期 18
·3406
·
IF 2.707
Weiguang Su,Yilin Li,Tongyu Zhou,Jo Darkwa,Georgios Kokogiannakis,Zhao Li
Previous research has demonstred that microencapsulated phase change materials (MEPCMs) could significantly increase the energy storage density of solar thermal energy storage (TES) systems. Compared with traditional phase change materials (PCMs), MEPCMs have many advantages since they can limit their exposure to the surrounding environment, enlarge the heat transfer area, and maintain the volume as the phase change occurs. In this study, a new MEPCM for solar TES systems is developed by encapsulation of paraffin wax with poly (urea formaldehyde) (PUF). The experimental results revealed that agglomeration of MEPCM particles occurred during the encapsulation process which affected the uniformity of the particle size distribution profile when sodium dodecyl sulfate was used as an emulsifier. The differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis results showed that the melting temperatures were slightly increased by 0.14–0.72 °C after encapsulation. A thermogravimetric (TG) test showed that the sample weight decreased while the weight loss starting temperature was slightly increased after encapsulation. Overall, the sample UF-2, fabricated with the binary emulsifiers of Brij 35 and Brij 30 and 5% nucleating agent, resulted in good particle dispersion and shell integrity, higher core material content and encapsulation efficiency, as well as improved thermal stability.Keywords:solar energy;thermal energy storage;microencapsulation;phase change material;poly (urea formaldehyde)
研究领域:
能源科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER COMPOSITES
·
2014
·Vol. 35
·期 10
·2056-2066
·
IF 1.455
Xiangming Hu,Yanyun Zhao,Weimin Cheng,Deming Wang,Wen Nie
In this study, phenol, urea, and paraformaldehyde were used as the monomers for the one-step synthesis of phenol-urea-formaldehyde (PUF) foaming resin that was used to block air leakage in mining. An orthogonal test was used to study the effects of urea amount, catalyst amount, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the foaming property of the resin. The results showed that the optimum parameters for synthesizing PUF resin are as follows: 1 mol phenol, 0.5 mol urea, 3 mol formaldehyde equivalents of paraformaldehyde, and 0.05 mol catalyst at 75°C for 3 h. The infrared and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the PUF resin showed that the chemical structure of the PUF resin was significantly different from that of phenol-formaldehyde resin, indicating that a copolymerization reaction has occurred among the three components, that is, phenol, urea, and paraformaldehyde. In this study, PUF foam was prepared from catalysts and PUF resin. The results showed that the foaming capacity and oxygen index of the PUF foam were significantly improved by using urea, whereas the shrinking percentage decreased with no change in compression strength. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:2056–2066, 2014. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers
研究领域:
材料科学
·
矿业工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
·
2019
·
IF 3.42
Yong Qian,Yijie Zhou,Lan Li,Weifeng Liu,Dongjie Yang,Xueqing Qiu
Aromatic skeleton and polyhydroxyl structure endow biomass lignin with excellent dispersibility, reactivity, and UV-blocking property. Herein, spherical microcapsules loaded with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as core materials were prepared via interfacial polymerization in an oil-in-water emulsion, using sodium lignosulfonate (NaLS) as an emulsifier. Small amount of polydiphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI) was added to reinforce the shells of the capsules. The results show that the capsules were 43.4–118.3 μm with a shell thickness of 1.9–2.5 μm. The core fraction was approximately 72.6 wt% and the functional groups of IPDI, such as cyanates, were well preserved. The NaLS-based microcapsules were subsequently mixed and reacted with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and amine component successively to form new polyurea. When the new polyurea was coated on a steel substrate, it exhibited excellent self-healing property after being scratched. The healed polyurea presents nearly the same anticorrosion ability as the unscratched coating in a solution with high salt concentration. Moreover, the addition of NaLS-based capsules could effectively slow down the aging process of polyurea coatings. The color change of the self-healing polyurea leveled off after 200 h of UV irradiation, while retaining 40% of the breaking strength and 50% of elongation at break. Comparatively, the color of pure polyurea deepened continuously and the mechanical property disappeared completely.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
·
2019
·
IF 6.282
Tao Zhang,Wei Cai,Fukai Chu,Feng Zhou,Shuen Liang,Chao Ma,Yuan Hu
In order to obtain polyurea (PUA) with better mechanical properties , hydroxyapatite (HAP)/PUA nanocomposites were prepared by the in-situ polymerization of polycarbodimide modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI-100L) covalently connected onto the HAP and Poly(tetramethylene oxide-di-p-aminobenzoate) (PTMO, P1000). The performance enhancements of nanocomposites were investigated through observing dispersion and interface interactions. As for the mechanical performance, tensile testing results indicated that the PUA/HAP nanocomposite with 0.2 wt% HAP nanorods exhibited improvements in tensile stress (52.4%). Scanning electron microscope (SEM), attenuated total reflection flourier transformed Infrared (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicate that dispersion of HAP and the hydrogen bonds between the HAP nanorods and PUA are the significant factors for mechanical strength developing of PUA composites. Moreover, the self-stiffness of PUA was effectively suppressed by the incorporated HAP nanorods and decreased with the increase of HAP contents. Therefore, herein we provide useful information for the development of PUA/HAP composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Jingjing Chen,Shuqiang Xiong,Na Li,Junrong Yu,Yan Wang,Zuming Hu
Liquid metals (LMs) with fluidity and conductivity are widely applied in flexible electronics. However, the surface patterning of liquid metals (LMs) is restricted by the low adhesion effect on the substrates because of the intrinsic high surface tension. In this study, a versatile adhesive conductive poly(imidazole-urea)/eutectic Ga75.5In24.5 alloy (PIU/EGaIn) ink is proposed by wrapping the EGaIn particles with PIU through metal coordination to realize substrate-independent direct writing. The adhesion of PIU guarantees that the PIU/EGaIn ink can be written smoothly on different substrates, ranging from flexible to rigid and plane to camber. Complex patterns can also be stamped on the substrate by transfer printing. The maximum conductivity of the handwriting trace can reach as high as 1.3 × 106 S/m due to the highly efficient stability of EGaIn particles with a low content of residue PIU. The written circuit demonstrates high stability and maintains constant conductivity after 500 cycles of deformations (folding, bending, and stretching), thanks to the good adhesion effect of PIU with substrates. In addition, the resistance touch sensor was patterned to detect finger contact as a demonstration of potential application. The PIU/EGaIn ink waste can be recycled using an alkaline solution owing to the intrinsic degradability of PIU. This strategy offers a new choice for universal adhesive conductive ink that is suitable for environmentally friendly flexible electronics.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
柔性电子学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）