The hydrodemethoxylation (HDMO) of lignin-derived monophenolics to alkylphenols is a crucial step for the conversion of lignin bio-oil into chemicals. A new FeNi 3 alloy catalyst was firstly prepared by being reduced in-suit from Fe, Ni oxides precursor. The FeNi 3 /FeNi 8 O 9.25 catalyst prepared using optimal 12:88 of molar ratio of iron nitrate to nickel nitrate showed good catalytic activity and selectivity to HDMO of lignin-derived monophenolics. In the HDMO process of lignin-derived 4-propylguaiacol, FeNi 3 /FeNi 8 O 9.25 contributed to a 94.53 % of conversion and a 90.67 % of demethoxylation selectivity under 0.4 MPa H 2 at 280 °C for 2 h. Compared with the Ni/Ni 1 O catalyst, the FeNi 3 /FeNi 8 O 9.25 catalyst increased by 6.19 times and 2.35 times of the specific surface area and total acid amount, respectively. FeNi 3 (111) possessed lower adsorption energy to substrate and changed adsorption configuration of the benzene ring in tilted mode. Consequently, prepared catalyst facilitated the removal of methoxy group, as well as suppressing hydrogenation saturation of the benzene ring. Moreover, FeNi 3 /FeNi 8 O 9.25 catalyst exhibited versatile capacity of HDMO to different lignin-derived monophenolics and high stability. This work offers a new strategy for constructing non-noble metallic alloy catalyst for highly selective HDMO reactions.
In confined environments, hydrogen accumulation presents significant safety hazards, necessitating the development of efficient hydrogen uptake materials. Conventional Pd/C-DEB hydrogen getter is severely compromised by CO poisoning. This study introduces a one-step mechanochemical ball milling approach that integrates Pd/C catalysts with DEB to fabricate a CO-tolerant hydrogen getter. A DEB conversion rate of 75.2 % is achieved under an H 2 atmosphere containing 1 % CO, representing a sixfold improvement over the untreated sample. Ball milling refines Pd nanoparticles, increases surface area, generates multiscale defects, strengthens metal-support interactions, enhances electron transfer, modulates the Pd d-band structure, and reduces CO adsorption energy, thereby exposing more active sites for hydrogen uptake. This approach is also applicable to Pt/C, Rh/C, and other platinum-group metal systems, providing a versatile strategy for designing durable and CO-resistant getters in energy storage and conversion technologies.
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