查找使用阿拉丁产品的科研文献

The aroma characteristics of oolong tea are jointly determined by processing mode and tea cultivars

Chang He,Jingtao Zhou,Yuchuan Li,De zhang,Bernard Ntezimana,Junyu Zhu,Xiaoyong Wang,Wenluan Xu,Xiaoju Wen,Yuqiong Chen,Zhi Yu,Yu Wang,Dejiang Ni

This study delved into the aroma characteristics of “Qingxiang” oolong tea, analyzing six different cultivars and their processing modes. The findings showed that both cultivars and processing modes have a significant impact on the oolong tea aroma system. The study identified 18 terpenoid volatiles (VTs), 11 amino-acid-derived volatiles (AADVs), 15 fatty-acid-derived volatiles (FADVs), 3 carotenoid-derived volatiles (CDVs), and 10 other compounds in oolong tea that differentiate it from green and black tea. The turn-over stage was found to be the primary processing stage for oolong tea aroma formation. Molecular sensory analysis revealed that the “fresh” odor attribute is the basis for its aroma, while “floral and fruity” fragrances are its aroma characteristics. The perception of oolong tea as “fresh” and “floral and fruity” is influenced by the interactions of its aroma components. These findings provide a new basis for breed improvement and process enhancement in oolong tea production.

Combined miR-181a-5p and Ag Nanoparticles are Effective Against Oral Cancer in a Mouse Model

Guoqiang Xu,Xiaona Song,Xiaotang Wang,Rui Xue,Xiaoru Yan,Litao Qin,Xiaoqi Chang,Jiping Gao,Zhaoyang Chen,Guohua Song

Purpose Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of malignant tumor in the head and neck region. Despite advancements, metastasis and recurrence rates remain high, and patient survival has not significantly improved. Although miRNA therapies are promising for cancer gene therapy, their applications in treating oral cancer are limited. Targeted medication delivery systems based on nanotechnology offer an efficient way to enhance oral cancer treatment efficacy.Methods We synthesized nanosilver (AgNPs) and loaded them with the tumor suppressor miR-181a-5p. In vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the inhibitory effects of AgNPs and their composites on the malignant behavior of oral cancer cell lines. The xenograft experiment was utilized to examine their effects on tumorigenesis and the potential molecular mechanisms involved.Results The nanosilver exhibited a spherical morphology with a size distribution ranging from 50 to 100 nm. They exhibited a distinct absorption peak at 330 nm and could be excited to emit green fluorescence. The biocompatible AgNPs effectively shielded miRNA from degradation by RNase and serum. The nanocomposites significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion, migration, and colony formation of oral cancer cell lines. Notably, treatment with the nanocomposites resulted in substantial tumor growth suppression in the xenograft model. Mechanistically, these composites directly targeted BCL2 and exerted their antitumor effects by suppressing the β-catenin signaling pathway and other downstream genes without inducing acute toxicity.Conclusion Collectively, the findings demonstrate that the miR-181a-5p/AgNPs combination significantly impedes the growth and progression of oral cancer both in vitro and in vivo, highlighting a pivotal role for the β-catenin signaling pathway. This multifaceted approach holds promise as a prospective therapeutic strategy for oral cancer management in the future.

Expression patterns of melanin-related genes are linked to crypsis and conspicuousness in a pumpkin toadlet

Juliane P. C. Monteiro,Heike Pröhl,Mariana L. Lyra,Andrés E. Brunetti,Eli C. de Nardin,Thais H. Condez,Célio F. B. Haddad,Ariel Rodríguez

Colour signals play pivotal roles in different communication systems, and the evolution of these characters has been associated with behavioural ecology, integumentary production processes and perceptual mechanisms of the species involved. Here, we present the first insight into the molecular and histological basis of skin colour polymorphism within a miniaturized species of pumpkin toadlet, potentially representing the lowest size threshold for colour polytypism in tetrapods. Brachycephalus actaeus exhibits a coloration ranging from cryptic green to conspicuous orange skin, and our findings suggest that colour morphs differ in their capability to be detected by potential predators. We also found that the distribution and abundance of chromatophores are variable in the different colour morphs. The expression pattern of coloration related genes was predominantly associated with melanin synthesis (including dct , edn1 , mlana , oca2 , pmel , slc24a5 , tyrp1 and wnt9a ). Up-regulation of melanin genes in grey, green and brown skin was associated with higher melanophore abundance than in orange skin, where xanthophores predominate. Our findings provide a significant foundation for comparing and understanding the diverse pathways that contribute to the evolution of pigment production in the skin of amphibians.

Are Chinese edible oils safe? A survey of trans fatty acid contents in Chinese edible oils

Huang Xiaojun,Nie Shaoping,Yang Meiyan,Xie Jianhua,Li Chang,Xie Mingyong

Nine different edible oil types from 7 cities in China were analyzed. Trans fatty acid (TFA) contents in edible oils were determined, TFA distribution characteristics were analyzed, and a risk assessment was performed. Total TFA contents varied from 0.075±0.011 to 2.243±0.770 g/100 g of oil, with a mean content of 0.66 g/100 g of oil. TFA contents differed among different oil types and among different cities. Generally speaking, oil samples from northern areas of China contained more TFA, and lard usually had higher levels of TFA than other oils. An exposure assessment showed that the estimated daily intake of TFA from Chinese edible oils was low, and a risk assessment indicated that there was a low risk for TFA consumption in Chinese edible oils.

Low molecular weight chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles are effective for the treatment of MRSA-infected wounds

Yinbo Peng,Chenlu Song,Chuanfeng Yang,Qige Guo,Min Yao

CoS nanowires grown on Ti3C2Tx are promising electrodes for supercapacitors: High capacitance and remarkable cycle capability

Tianze Zhang,Rui Wang,Junpeng Xiao,Lu Li,Xinzhi Ma,Weiguang Zhang

Benefitting from the large interlayer spacing, ultrahigh conductivity and abundant surface chemistry, Ti 3 C 2 T x has been a promising electrode material for supercapacitors (SCs). CoS has attracted much attention due to its low cost, weak Co-S bond and relatively high theoretical capacity. Herein, CoS nanowires were grown on few-layered Ti 3 C 2 T x by one-step solvothermal method as a SC electrode. Within the composite, Ti 3 C 2 T x could function as conductive network and buffer matrix to provide ultra-fast electronic transport and relieve volume expansion of CoS nanowires. Simultaneously, the active CoS nanowires with high capacitance act as interlayer spacer to restrain the restacking of Ti 3 C 2 T x nanosheets . As a result, CoS/Ti 3 C 2 T x -5 electrode exhibits a remarkable improvement specific capacitance of 528 F g −1 at a current density of 1 A g −1 and ultrahigh capacitance retention of 99.3% after 20 000 cycles at a current density of 10 A g −1 . The attempts and efforts made in this work provide a prototype for achieving excellent electrochemical properties .

Enhanced Inflammatory Reaction and Thrombosis in High-Fat Diet-Fed ApoE-/- Mice are Attenuated by Celastrol

Mao Ouyang,Tao Qin,Hengdao Liu,Junya Lu,Caixia Peng,Qin Guo

Objective High-fat diet (HFD) increases the risk of inflammatory reaction and acute arterial thrombosis. Celastrol has been confirmed to regulate inflammatory cytokine levels in atherosclerotic animal models. However, the anti-thrombotic effects of celastrol have remained to be fully demonstrated. The present study was performed to investigate the beneficial effect of celastrol in HFD-induced inflammatory reaction and thrombosis in apolipoprotein (apo)E-/- mice. Materials and Methods Thrombogenic mice model was established using HFD-fed apoE-/- mice. The levels of mRNA and protein were assayed by RT-qPCR and western blotting, respectively. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed to measure the protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the aortic endothelium of HFD-fed apoE-/- mice. Results The results demonstrated that the effect of HFD on inflammatory cytokines in mice with apoE-/- background was reversed by celastrol administration, and celastrol treatment inhibited the NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)/caspase-1/interleukin-1β signaling cascades in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HFD-fed apoE-/- mice. In addition, HFD enhanced adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation in normal C57BL/6 and apoE-/- mice, while celastrol administration reversed this. Furthermore, celastrol inhibited the pro-thrombotic effects of HFD in apoE-/- mice, and the underlying mechanism was mediated, at least partially, through the suppression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 expression. Conclusions Celastrol administration significantly attenuated HFD-induced inflammatory reaction, platelet aggregation and thrombosis in apoE-/- mice, and celastrol may be used as a drug for the prevention of HFD-induced inflammatory reaction and thrombus.

p27Kip1 and cytoplasmic pSer10p27 are promising biomarkers for predicting prognosis and chemotherapy response in ovarian cancer

Mengna Zhu,Si Sun,Lin Huang,Lingling Gao,Mengqing Chen,Jing Cai,Zehua Wang,Minggang Peng

Purpose: The biological function of p27 Kip1 largely depends on its subcellular localization and phosphorylation status. Different subcellular localizations and phosphorylation statuses of p27 Kip1 may represent distinct clinical values, which are unclear in ovarian cancer. This study aimed to elucidate different subcellular localizations of p27 Kip1 and pSer10p27 in predicting prognosis and chemotherapy response in ovarian cancer. Methods: Meta-analyses were executed to evaluate the association of p27 Kip1 and phosphorylated p27 Kip1 with the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. The expression levels and patterns of p27 Kip1 and pSer10p27 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The correlations between different p27 Kip1 states, clinicopathological features, and prognosis were analyzed. p27 Kip1 and pSer10p27 expression levels in cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines were detected using WB. KEGG analysis and WB were performed to evaluate the pathways in which p27 Kip1 was involved. Results: Meta-analyses showed that p27 Kip1 was associated with significantly better overall survival (OS) in ovarian cancer (HR=2.14; 95% CI [1.71-2.68]) and pSer10p27 was associated with significantly poor OS in mixed solid tumors (HR=2.56; 95% CI [1.76-3.73]). In our cohort of ovarian cancer patients, low total p27 Kip1 remained independent risk factors of OS (HR=2.097; 95% CI [1.121-3.922], P =0.021) and PFS (HR=2.483; 95% CI [1.364-4.518], P =0.003), while low cytoplasmic pSer10p27 had independent protective effects in terms of OS (HR=0.472; 95% CI [0.248-0.898], P =0.022) and PFS (HR=0.488; 95% CI [0.261-0.910], P =0.024). Patients with low total p27 Kip1 /pSer10p27 and low nuclear p27 Kip1 had worse chemotherapy responses, while patients with low cytoplasmic pSer10p27 expression had better chemotherapy responses. The protein levels of p27 Kip1 and pSer10p27 were significantly reduced in the cisplatin-resistant cell lines SKOV3-cDDP and A2780-cDDP, and the level of p27 Kip1 /pSer10p27 was subjective to Akt activation. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that p27 Kip1 and cytoplasmic pSer10p27 are promising biomarkers for predicting prognosis and chemotherapy response in ovarian cancer.

Phthalic acid esters: Are they a big concern for rivers flowing into reservoir with ecological facilities?

Huan-yu Tao,Jianghong Shi,Jiawei Zhang,Hui Ge,Xiaowei Liu,Xiao-yan Li

The city-river-reservoir system is an important system for safeguarding drinking water. Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are emerging contaminants in drinking water sources that are gaining attention, and they could pose risks to human health and aquatic organisms. In this study, field studies that lasted four years were conducted to analyze the concentrations, spatial-temporal distribution, and removal effects of six PAEs. The total concentrations of the Σ6PAEs in the water and sediment samples were 0.2–7.4 μg L −1 (mean: 1.3 μg L −1 ) and 9.2–9594.1 ng g −1 (mean: 847.5 ng g −1 ), respectively. Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the predominant congeners, accounting for 57.2 % in the water samples and 94.1 % in the sediment samples. The urban area contributed 72 % of the PAEs in the system. A significant removal effect of PAEs was observed in the wetland, with a removal rate of 40.2 %. The partitioning of PAEs between the water and sediment was attributed to the removal of dimethyl phthalate and diethyl phthalate that occurred during the water phase, while the removal of DBP and DEHP primarily occurred during the sediment phase. The ecological risk calculation based on the sensitivity distribution model indicated that DBP (HQ water = 0.19, HQ sediment = 0.46) and DEHP (HQ water = 0.20, HQ sediment = 0.13) possessed moderate risks according to some water and sediment samples. The ecological projects were verified to be effective engineering strategies to reduce ecological risk in the drinking water source.

Fenofibrate-promoted hepatomegaly and liver regeneration are PPARα-dependent and partially related to the YAP pathway

Shicheng Fan,Yue Gao,Pengfei Zhao,Guomin Xie,Yanying Zhou,Xiao Yang,Xuan Li,Shuaishuai Zhang,Frank J. Gonzalez,Aijuan Qu,Min Huang,Huichang Bi

Fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR α ) agonist, is widely prescribed for hyperlipidemia management. Recent studies also showed that it has therapeutic potential in various liver diseases. However, its effects on hepatomegaly and liver regeneration and the involved mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the study showed that fenofibrate significantly promoted liver enlargement and regeneration post-partial hepatectomy in mice, which was dependent on hepatocyte-expressed PPAR α . Yes-associated protein (YAP) is pivotal in manipulating liver growth and regeneration. We further identified that fenofibrate activated YAP signaling by suppressing its K48-linked ubiquitination, promoting its K63-linked ubiquitination, and enhancing the interaction and transcriptional activity of the YAP–TEAD complex. Pharmacological inhibition of YAP–TEAD interaction using verteporfin or suppression of YAP using AAV Yap shRNA in mice significantly attenuated fenofibrate-induced hepatomegaly. Other factors, such as MYC, KRT23, RAS, and RHOA, might also participate in fenofibrate-promoted hepatomegaly and liver regeneration. These studies demonstrate that fenofibrate-promoted liver enlargement and regeneration are PPAR α -dependent and partially through activating the YAP signaling, with clinical implications of fenofibrate as a novel therapeutic agent for promoting liver regeneration.

Dicofol disrupts hematopoiesis and immune homeostasis in association with Nrf2/ARE signaling dysregulation and oxidative stress

Si Dong,Yunyun Du,Yongliang Zheng,Ting Ding,Zhonghao Xiao,Suwei He,Shanshan Zhu,Yulian Li,Wenfeng He,Xiaoping Wang,Lingci Zeng,Fasheng Liu,Junquan Zeng

Hematotoxicity and immunotoxicity are common adverse effects observed in fish exposed to environmental pollutants; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying these toxicities remain poorly understood. To investigate these mechanisms, zebrafish were exposed to dicofol (DCF) under environmentally relevant conditions. DCF exposure led to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), and reduced nitric oxide (NO) content. Further analysis revealed a significant increase in TUNEL-positive cells in hematopoietic regions, accompanied by elevated expression of Bax/Bcl-2 , caspase-3 , and p53 . Antibody staining and Western blot (WB) analysis demonstrated that DCF impaired the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated antioxidant system. Astaxanthin (AST) treatment alleviated DCF-induced damage to hematopoietic stem cells. These results show that DCF disrupts antioxidant homeostasis, aggravates oxidative stress, and ultimately triggers apoptosis in hematopoietic stem cells, offering new insights into strategies to prevent and control pollutant-induced toxicity.

Cytochrome P450s CYP6D1 and CYP6G4 are versatile players in insecticide metabolism: Metabolic capacity and structural insights

Tengfei Xiong,Jiang Zhu,Mei Li,Xinghui Qiu

The use of various insecticides has resulted in insecticide resistance in many populations of pest insects. CYP6D1 and CYP6G4 are two cytochrome P450s that have been recruited to confer insecticide resistance in the house fly populations, yet the biochemical basis for their roles in insecticide metabolism is not fully understood. Here, we used recombinant enzymes to explore the capacity of the two field-evolved resistance-conferring P450s from house flies in the metabolism of 16 commonly used insecticides. The chemical structure of the detectable metabolite was identified by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Moreover, we analyzed the structural features associated with substrate selectivity between the two P450s through AlphaFold-based modeling and substrate docking. We found that both CYP6D1 and CYP6G4 were able to metabolize multiple classes of structurally diverse insecticides via substrate-dependent catalytic reactions including dealkylation, desulfurization and hydroxylation. Molecular modeling predicted that CYP6D1 possesses a larger solvent-accessible V-shaped pocket that accommodates bulky substrates such as esfenvalerate, whereas CYP6G4 has a more compact architecture that favors smaller substrates like acetamiprid and methomyl. We propose that the intrinsically broad substrate spectra of CYP6D1 and CYP6G4, together with their regulatory evolvability and negligible fitness costs, collectively predispose these two P450s to recurrent selection among the 146 P450 genes in the housefly genome in field populations. These findings advance our understanding of the evolutionary principles governing P450-mediated insecticide resistance, and provide a biochemical framework for designing evidence-based pest management strategies.