SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 9
Song Han,Yun Zhao,Mina Liang,Jinshui Su,Xiangxiong Zhai,Qi Zhang,Guoling Li,Zhonghai Ni
The photocatalytic cleavage of C α -C β bonds in lignin holds considerable potential for the production of value-added chemicals. Lignin consists of phenylpropane units interconnected by a variety of complex chemical bonds. Specifically, C-O bonds are more prevalent and relatively easier to cleave, whereas C–C bonds exhibit higher bond energy, rendering them more difficult to cleavage under conventional conditions. This study presents a phosphotungstic acid/phosphoric acid-functionalized porous tubular C 3 N 4 composite photocatalyst (PW/P-TCN). H 3 PO 4 modified PW/P-TCN surfaces enhance O 2 adsorption, improve separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers, and increase exposure of active sites. This promotes reactant adsorption and significantly boosts photocatalytic efficiency. Through this strategy, 1,2-diphenylethanol (DPol), used as a typical model substrate, is fully converted into aromatic monomers, achieving a DPol conversion rate of 99.9 %. Mechanistic studies reveal that C α -C β bond cleavage primarily involves the photo-oxidation mechanism mediated by electron-hole coupling. The construction of the PW/P-TCN heterojunction is essential for simultaneously sustaining robust reduction and oxidation capabilities. Natural lignin samples are applied to the photocatalytic system, and successful C–C bond cleavage depolymerization is achieved under optimal reaction conditions. This study offers valuable insights for the design of more economical and efficient photocatalysts for lignin depolymerization.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 29
·13042-13055
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IF 7.6
Lau Chun-Yin,Li Xinwei,Zhang Yanlin,Rangarajan Goutham,Tse Ho-Yin,Zhuang Huichuan,Leu Shao-Yuan,Farnood Ramin R.
In this study, an amorphous carbon-rich carbon nitride photocatalyst was prepared by nitric acid treatment of pyrolyzed melamine followed by nitrogen annealing. The resulting semiconductor material exhibited an up-shifted valence band that enhances the oxidizing power of photogenerated holes, enabling selective C α −C β bond cleavage of 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol (2-POE). Using 1.5 g L −1 of the optimized photocatalyst in acetonitrile, 2-POE underwent first-order conversion with a reaction rate of 2.55 h −1 under a 9 W blue LED light source. Product analysis showed the formation of benzaldehyde as the major product, confirming C−C bond scission with 93.1% selectivity. In addition, ring-opening reactions were observed, producing fumaric and maleic acids as the by-products. Photocatalytic depolymerization of organosolv lignin further demonstrated ring opening of the β-O-4 linking motifs, forming dicarboxylic acids analogous to those generated from 2-POE. These demonstrate a metal-free photocatalytic platform capable of promoting β-O-4 bond cleavage in lignin model compounds and inducing photocatalytic structural modification of organosolv lignin, accompanied by the formation of low-molecular-weight aliphatic dicarboxylic acids.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
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2026
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IF 17.2
Wenhui Li,Yangbo Liu,Yilin Zhang,Qingwen Yang,Hong Yang,Xiaowa Nie,Xinwen Guo
The hydrogenation of CO 2 into high-value-added chemicals represents one of the most effective strategies for mitigating the greenhouse effect and addressing the energy crisis. In this study, the incorporation of Pt into Co-based catalysts is utilized to modulate the CO competitive adsorption capacity and reaction pathways, thereby significantly enhances the C–C coupling and the selectivity of C 2+ hydrocarbons during CO 2 hydrogenation. The formation of PtCo alloy in the catalysts is confirmed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy, in-situ X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy analyses. The study reveals that the presence of PtCo alloy alters the competitive adsorption behavior of CO and CO 2 on the catalyst, and enables CO to replace CO 2 as the strongly adsorbed species on the catalyst. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate that the PtCo alloy exhibits enhanced CO adsorption energy and reduced formation energy barrier for formate compared with pure Co. This is responsible for the emergence of an additional formate pathway on the PtCo catalyst. Consequently, the 2%PtCo catalyst achieves a C 2+ selectivity of 18.5% under conditions of 350 °C and 3 MPa, markedly higher than the 1.9% over the pure Co catalyst. PtCo catalysts possesses 83.6 mmol·g –1 ·h –1 C 2+ yield, outperforming the Fe-based reference catalyst by a factor of 4. The study presents a novel catalyst design concept for increasing C 2+ selectivity through regulating the competitive adsorption between intermediate and reactant.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
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2025
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IF 5.6
Yixin Zhao,Chenxi Guo,Lei Chen,Xin Yang,Qizhong Huang
CeB 6 modified C/C-SiC-ZrC composites were designed by using slurry infiltration and precursor infiltration and pyrolysis method combined with high temperature treatment. Experimental results show that both adding CeB 6 and heat treatment could improve the ablative performance of C/C-SiC-ZrC composites significantly. Thermal conductivity of the composites can be optimized by high temperature treatment, accelerating the heat transfer of the composites in the ablation process. The heat treated C/C-SiC-ZrC-CeB 6 composites with high content of CeB 6 exhibit enhanced ablation performance at about 2600 °C, and the mass and linear ablation rates of the composites are 0.37 mg/s and 3.33 μm/s, respectively. The phase transition of ZrO 2 phases was suppressed by (Zr 1-x Ce x )O 2 solid solution phases which were uniformly distributed at the grain boundaries of ZrO 2 grains, resulting in the superior stability of the ZrO 2 scales under the scouring of the oxyacetylene flame.
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TRANSPLANT IMMUNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 1.6
Shaohua Wu,Xiao-ling Liang,Xunfeng Zou
Background Prolonged cold ischemia (pCI) is a well-established risk factor for both acute kidney injury and chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN). The chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) plays a pivotal role in sustaining chronic inflammation. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of pCI on functional role of CCL2 in the pathogenesis CAN in a rat model of renal transplantation. Method Isogenic (Lewis to Lewis) and allogenic (Fisher 344 to Lewis) kidney transplants (KTx) were performed, with donor kidneys subjected to cold storage for either 2 h or 12 h. Animals were thus divided into four groups: iso-2 h, iso-12 h, allo-2 h, and allo-12 h. In the allo-12 h group, a subset of recipients received the CCL2 inhibitor cenicriviroc (CVC) as the allo12h + CVC group. Recipients were monitored for up to 90 days post-transplantation. Results At day 90 post-implantation, allografts exhibited significant fibrosis and markedly impaired renal function in the animaols with pCI, as indicated by higher total Banff scores and lower creatinine clearance rates ( P < 0.05). In contrast, these changes were not evident in isografts with pCI. The levels of of macrophages and M1 activation in the Allo-12 h group were increased, as demonstrated by elevated expression levels of CD68 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS); which were significantly mitigated by CVC treatment. Furthermore, during the acute phase (day 7 post-surgery), pCI caused severe acute kidney injury and induced a higher infiltration of CD3 + lymphocytes in the allografts compared to the isografts ( P < 0.05). Additionally, the CCL2 receptor CCR2 positive cells showed a substantial increase in the Allo-12 h group, concomitant with upregulation of CCL2 expression in allografts compared to isografts. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that chemokine CCL2 involves in the development of CAN, through recruitment of inflammatory cells during the acute phase following surgery.
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PubMed
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MACROMOLECULAR RESEARCH
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2026
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IF 3.7
Jia Yuan,Yang Ziyi,Yang Juxiang,Li Beibei,Liu Zhen
Hyperbranched polysiloxanes (HBPSi) are novel non-conjugated polymers with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and modifiable terminals, and have attracted attention due to their unique topology and functional potential. In this study, two AIE-active HBPSi derivatives (OA-HBPSi and IBO-HBPSi, where OA stands for oleic acid and IBO stands for isobutyric acid) containing C=C and acyloxy groups were successfully synthesized via transesterification. Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) was used to characterize their molecular weight distributions; Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and solid-state Photoluminescence (PL) were employed to elucidate their structure-property relationships. Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and fluorescence spectrophotometry were applied to investigate their AIE behavior under solvent concentration gradients, with a focus on luminescence mechanisms. The results showed a non-monotonic relationship between fluorescence intensity and the molecular weight (M w ) of HBPSi derivatives: fluorescence intensity is enhanced with moderate M w elevation but reduced at excessively high M w due to molecular packing effects and acyloxy group rotation. Notably, as the volume fraction of CCl 4 reached the range that induces significant polymer aggregation, the intensities of both excitation peaks (266–294 nm, UV region) and emission peaks (440–460 nm, blue visible region) increased exponentially—this trend reflects the dependence of blue luminescence on polymer aggregation degree, supporting the proposed cluster-induced emission hypothesis. Consistent with FTIR spectral shifts and solvent-dependent PL behavior, we propose a mechanism hypothesis: the AIE of these derivatives originates from the synergy of “non-conjugated functional group clusters” in the polymers. Cluster-induced electronic delocalization and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) between C=C and acyloxy groups may facilitate exciton radiative transitions, while the 3D hyperbranched spatial hindrance restricts excessive intermolecular aggregation—collectively suppressing non-radiative transition pathways. Graphical abstract
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2023
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IF 22.1
Qingqing Zhang,Yi-Chun Chu,Zhulan Liu,Mei Hong,Weiwei Fang,Xin-Ping Wu,Xue-Qing Gong,Zupeng Chen
Photocatalytic lignin depolymerization emerges as a sustainable and cost-competitive strategy to produce low-molecular-weight aromatic chemicals from renewable resources. Significant efforts have been devoted to engineering C−C bond cleavage photocatalysts with diverse compositional and morphologic characteristics in the past decade. We herein present a facile photocatalytic strategy of promoting C−C bond cleavage in lignin models to achieve high-yield aromatic monomers over triazine-heptazine-based carbon nitride heterojunctions, exceeding the triazine- or heptazine-based counterparts. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the photo-excited electron and hole synergistically trigger the C−C bond cleavage. A combination of experimental results and theoretical calculations confirms that the improved photocatalytic performance is primarily attributed to the accelerated charge carriers separation and migration induced by the built-in electric field at the heterojunction interface, and the facilitated C β -radical generation. These findings highlight the effectiveness of interfacial engineering of intramolecular heterostructures towards the rational promotion of photocatalytic cleavage of C−C bond in lignin models.
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JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
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2023
·
IF 5.7
Yulan Yu,Guanghui Feng,Yujun Jia,Hejun Li
In this work, AlN whisker-reinforced (Zr, Hf)O 2 coating was prepared on SiC coated carbon/carbon composites by sol-gel and plasma spraying methods. Its cyclic ablation resistance was evaluated using an oxyacetylene torch with a heat flux of 2.38 MW/m 2 . After ablation, the coating showed apparently decreased crack sizes and quantity as compared with the one without AlN whisker addition, pointing out its better crack tolerance. Moreover, the coating had a thinner oxidized region based on the linear ablation rate (−0.042 µm/s), greatly lower than that of pure oxide coating (−0.922 µm/s). After detailed observation and characterization, probable protection mechanism was proposed.
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Journal of Materials Research and Technology-JMR&T
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2023
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IF 6.4
Aolin Xie,Bei Zhang,Yichun Ge,Xiaodong Wang,Ping Xu,Zhirong Feng,Maozhong Yi,Zhe Zhou
To ensure the performance of C/C composites, a surface-modified C/C composite was prepared with a C/C composite as the substrate, one-dimensional SiC as the intermediate, and vertically oriented graphene as the modification material without changing the microstructure or composition of the C/C composites. C/C composite surface modifications were prepared in two steps. Its specific surface area is improved from 0.25 m 2 /g to 10.44 m 2 /g, and the electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency is enhanced from 13.08 dB to 23.86 dB. Different from the C/C composites without surface modification, the electromagnetic interference shielding mechanism of surface-modified C/C composites changed from electromagnetic reflection to the interaction of electromagnetic absorption and reflection. The reason is that the increased specific surface area elongates the transmission paths of the electromagnetic waves by multiple reflections, leading to significantly improved electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency.
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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
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2022
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IF 3.262
Qiuyu Lin,Luyun Xue,Jiannan Sun,Yuanchao Wang,Heyong Cheng
Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling is one of the most powerful strategies for constructing biaryl compounds. However, classic Suzuki–Miyaura coupling suffers from hour-scale reaction time and competitive protodeboronation. To address these problems, a mild nonaqueous potassium trimethylsilanolate (TMSOK)-assisted Suzuki–Miyaura coupling strategy was designed for the microsynthesis of biaryls in paper spray ionization (PSI). Due to the acceleration power facilitated by microdroplet chemistry in reactive PSI, the microsynthesis of biaryls by reactive PSI was accomplished within minutes with comparable yields to the bulk, showing good substrate applicability from 32 Suzuki–Miyaura reactions of aryl bromides and aryl boronic acid/borates bearing different substituents. Based on the above TMSOK-assisted Suzuki–Miyaura coupling strategy, we further developed a high-sensitivity and selective PSI mass spectrometry (MS) method for quantitative analysis of aryl bromides, a class of environmentally persistent organic pollutants that cannot be directly detected by ambient mass spectrometry due to their low ionization efficiency. In situ derivatization of aryl bromides was achieved with aryl borates bearing quaternary ammonium groups in PSI. The proposed PSI-MS method shows good linearity over the 0.01–10 μmol L–1 range with low detection limits of 1.8–4.8 nmol L–1 as well as good applicability to the rapid determination of six aryl bromides in three environmental water samples. The proposed PSI-MS method also shows good applicability to brominated flame retardants (polybrominated diphenyls/diphenyl esters). Overall, this study provides a simple, rapid, low-cost, high-sensitivity, and high-selectivity strategy for trace aryl bromides and other brominated pollutants in real samples with minimal/no sample pretreatment.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2022
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IF 6.364
Zhenxiao Tang,Maozhong Yi,Huan Yin,Yuhui Du,Huang Wu,Ke Peng
A C/C-ZrC-SiC composite was successfully prepared by high-solid-loading slurry impregnation combined with polymer infiltration and pyrolysis. The microstructure and ablation behavior of the C/C–ZrC–SiC composite were investigated. ZrC particles were uniformly distributed in the matrix, and the obtained C/C–ZrC–SiC composite had a high density of 2.74 g/cm 3 . After exposure to oxyacetylene flame with a heat flux of 3.86 MW/m 2 for 120 s, the mass and linear ablation rates of the composite were 0.72 ± 0.11 mg/s and 0.52 ± 0.09 µm/s, respectively. The excellent ablation properties of the composite were attributed to the protection of the matrix by a three-layered oxide scale consisting of ZrO 2 /SiO 2 -rich/ZrO 2 -SiO 2 .
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RSC Advances
·
2014
·Vol. 4
·期 51
·26804-26809
·
IF 3.708
Liang Ren,Fan Yang,Yongfeng Li,Ting Liu,Liqiang Zhang,Guoqing Ning,Zhichang Liu,Jinsen Gao,Chunming Xu
We report an environmentally-friendly approach to the synthesis of hybrids based on porous graphene and metal nanoparticles. The nitrogen-doped porous graphene (N-PG) and Pd nanoparticles decorated N-PG (Pd/N-PG) was synthesized by a plasma method. The N-PG was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, and the results clearly indicate that the amount of nitrogen doping was 6.65 wt%. The synthesized Pd/N-PG hybrid materials were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping. The hybrid material based on Pd/N-PG as a new catalyst was applied in Suzuki reaction. This catalyst offers a number of advantages such as high stability, easy removal from the reaction mixture and reusability with minimal loss of activity, showing better performance than the well-known commercial Pd/C catalyst.
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