Nanoscale Research Letters
·
2018
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·1-10
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IF 3.125
Lan Lifang,Li Sheng,Li Jun,Lu Lu,Lu Yan,Huang Si,Xu Shuaijun,Pan Chunyang,Zhao Fenghua
A sol-gel method was adopted to obtain LiNi 0.5-x Ga x Mn 1.5 O 4 ( x = 0, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1) samples. The effect of Ga doping on LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 and its optimum content were investigated, and the electrochemical properties at room temperature and at a high temperature were discussed. The structural, morphological, and vibrational features of LiNi 0.5-x Ga x Mn 1.5 O 4 ( x = 0, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1) compounds were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The XRD results demonstrate that all samples have a disordered spinel structure with a space group of Fd3m, and Ga doping restrains the formation of the Li x Ni 1-x O secondary phase. FT-IR analysis reveals that Ga doping increases the degree of cation disorder. The SEM results reveal that all samples possess a fine spinel octahedron crystal. The electrochemical performance of the samples was investigated by galvanostatic charge/discharge tests, dQ/dV plots, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The LiNi 0.44 Ga 0.06 Mn 1.5 O 4 sample with the optimum content shows a superior rate performance and cycle stability after Ga doping, especially at a high discharge rate and high temperature. In addition, the LiNi 0.44 Ga 0.06 Mn 1.5 O 4 sample retained 98.3% of its initial capacity of 115.7 mAhg −1 at the 3 C discharge rate after 100 cycles, whereas the pristine sample delivered a discharge capacity of 87.3 mAhg −1 at 3 C with a capacity retention of 80% at the 100th cycle. Compared with the pristine material, the LiNi 0.44 Ga 0.06 Mn 1.5 O 4 sample showed a high capacity retention from 74 to 98.4% after 50 cycles at a 1 C discharge rate and 55 °C.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
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2022
·
IF 7.336
Sikang Wei,Yang Xu,Shihong Tian,Zhaohui Han,Lei Xu
In this study, Al-Mg-Sn-Ga anode material prepared by heating up to 800 °C in microwave field under different powers and heating up to 800 °C in conventional field is compared. The microstructure and corrosion morphology of aluminum alloy anode are observed by electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and Tafel polarization curve , electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and constant current are characterized by different melting modes. The results are showed that microwave can change the grain orientation of aluminum alloy anode and corrosion forms, compared to the conventional technology, the microstructure of the alloy electrode material can grow preferentially at (001), improve alloy anode electrochemical properties , by pitting corrosion forms into a uniform corrosion , improves the corrosion resistance of the anode and the anode utilization. At the same time, aluminum alloy anode has excellent discharge performance under microwave 2000 W treatment. The energy density and capacity density are 2729.3 Wh·kg −1 and 2596.6 mAh·g −1 , respectively, which are 44.03% and 42.26% higher than those of conventional muffle furnace melting. Therefore, microwave technology can improve the electrochemical performance by affecting the microstructure of alloy materials.
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Molecular Catalysis
·
2025
·
IF 4.9
Jianbing Wu,Ge Hua,Jihua Liu,Yifan Zhao,Hong Ma,Yongzhao Wang,Zhiwei Wu
Pt-based catalysts confined within silicalite-1 (S-1) zeolites offer promising selectivity for propane dehydrogenation (PDH), but their long-term stability remains limited due to metal sintering and coke deposition. In this study, a series of Pt@S-1 catalysts with systematically varied Ga contents were synthesized via ligand-assisted hydrothermal encapsulation of Pt and in situ Ga incorporation. Structural characterizations reveal that Ga is introduced as both framework (Ga F ) and extra-framework (Ga EF ) species. Under H 2 treatment, Ga EF partially transforms into either PtGa alloy nanoparticles and Ga δ+ species, leading to the formation of Pt-Ga δ+ -H ensembles within the zeolite channels. These Ga-related species were associated with improved Pt dispersion, suppressed sintering, and reduced coke formation. The optimized catalyst, 1Pt24Ga@S-1, exhibited the most favorable PDH performance, achieving an initial propane conversion of 38.2 % and a propylene selectivity of 94.8 %. Under H 2 co-feeding (C 3 H 8 :H 2 = 1:1), it achieved a propylene production rate of 7.97 mol C3H6 ·g Pt -1 ·h -1 . The deactivation constant decreased from 0.247 h -1 for the undoped catalyst to 0.086 h -1 with Ga incorporation, and further declined to 0.008 h -1 under H 2 , reflecting improved stability. These results suggest that Ga incorporation contributes to both structural and electronic modifications of confined Pt species, offering insights into the design of more stable and selective PDH catalysts.
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ACS Applied Energy Materials
·
2021
·
IF 6.024
Xianglei Liu,Tong Wang,Ke Gao,Xianguang Meng,Qiao Xu,Chao Song,Zhonghui Zhu,Hangbin Zheng,Yong Hao,Yimin Xuan
Solar thermochemical CO2 splitting to produce fuels is an effective route to reduce carbon emission. However, it is still a daunting challenge to achieve a high CO yield and good cycle stability simultaneously at a low reaction temperature. Here, Ca- and Ga-doped LaMnO3 is introduced for solar thermochemical CO2 splitting with an ultrahigh CO yield and excellent cycle stability at a moderate operation temperature. The average CO production reaches 513 μmol/g for La0.6Ca0.4Mn0.8Ga0.2O3 when operating between 1350 and 1050 °C. Such a high value sets a record among directly measured thermochemical CO production in the literature with the temperature swing limited within 300 °C. No obvious performance deterioration over eight cycles is observed due to stable structures. The high CO production of La0.6Ca0.4Mn0.8Ga0.2O3 can be attributed to the transition of the surface reaction to internal bulk diffusion induced by Ca doping and enhanced non-stoichiometry due to Ga doping. This work provides a promising alternative for solar thermochemical CO2 splitting with high fuel yield and cycle stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
可再生能源
·
催化
·
无机化学
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Yonggang Gang,Zijiang Zhao,Zemin Xu,Xuping Ren,Jun Wang,Wenjun Zhang,Yanhui Long,Liboting Gao,Xiaodong Li,Jianhua Yan,Hao Zhang
Ga doping constructs novel LaGaO x /Cu interfacial structure. • LaGaO x /Cu interfaces stabilize Cu + species by electronic metal-support interaction (EMSI) for methanol synthesis. • Ga incorporation promotes adsorption of H 2 , CO 2 and CO. • LOC/Cu:5Ga delivers a methanol space-time yield of 306.7 g kg cat −1 h −1 . • Ga-induced interfaces shift the reaction from a single to a dual-path mechanism. Developing efficient copper-based catalysts for CO 2 hydrogenation to methanol remains a key challenge in catalytic CO 2 utilization. Irreducible rare-earth oxides offer outstanding thermal stability and structural robustness, yet their limited activity and selectivity restrict methanol productivity. Herein, we propose a promoter-induced interfacial engineering strategy to activate La 2 O 2 CO 3 (LOC)-supported Cu catalysts by incorporating Ga as a heteroatom promoter. A series of Ga-doped LOC/Cu catalysts (denoted as Cu:xGa) were synthesized via a two-step co-precipitation method, exhibiting a pronounced dependence of catalytic performance on Ga loading. The optimized Cu:5Ga catalyst achieved a CO 2 conversion of 9.2% and a methanol space-time yield of 306.7 g kg cat −1 h −1 (3 MPa, 260 °C), corresponding to a 9.8-fold enhancement relative to undoped Cu. Comprehensive structural and spectroscopic characterizations reveal that Ga doping induces the formation of highly dispersed LaGaO x /Cu interfacial sites. The enhanced electronic metal-support interaction (EMSI) at these interfaces optimizes the electronic structure of Cu sites, facilitating reactant activation and further boosting methanol synthesis. These interfaces stabilize interfacial Cu + species, facilitating the dissociation and adsorption of reactants, and fundamentally modify the reaction pathway from a single formate route to a dual mechanism involving both the formate pathway and the RWGS–CO hydrogenation pathway. This work demonstrates an effective strategy to activate irreducible rare-earth oxide–supported Cu catalysts and provides mechanistic guidance for the rational design of efficient and stable catalysts for CO 2 hydrogenation to methanol. Efficient synthesis of methanol via a promoter (Ga)-induced interfacial engineering strategy to activate La 2 O 2 CO 3 (LOC)-supported Cu catalysts, corresponding to a 9.8-fold enhancement relative to undoped LOC/Cu catalyst. Download: Download high-res image (133KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research
·
2022
·Vol. 3
·期 7
·2200006
·
IF 0
Shasha Hao,Shaotang Yu,Xinge Liu,Bingyan Li,Shuaiqi Han,Hao Xin,Weibo Yan,Wei Huang
Copper indium gallium selenide Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 (CIGS) solar cells fabricated by vacuum thermal evaporation, magnetron sputtering, or organic solvent solution-process either lead to high manufacturing cost and film nonuniformity or cause explosion, toxication and pollution. To address these issues, herein, water as a solvent to prepare the CIGS precursor solution is used and 7.04% efficient CIGS solar cells without MgF 2 antireflection layer is obtained. Furthermore, for the first time, K doping on CIGS films via adding “K + ” into the aqueous precursor solution is conducted. K–In–Se species is formed in the process of selenization and acts as a Se reservoir during CIGS grain growth, resulting in improved quality of the CIGS film with much larger grains. K doping can also inhibit the loss of Ga element. The high-bandgap K–In–Se phase and higher Ga content combine to result in the increase in the CIGS bandgap. As a result, the K-doped CIGS solar cell achieves a 33.1% enhancement in efficiency to 9.37%, with the significant increase in the open-circuit voltage from 520.5 to 597.1 mV and fill factor from 50.77 to 55.36%. These results provide an important preliminary foundation for the development of aqueous precursor solution-based CIGS solar cells.
研究领域:
光伏技术
·
材料科学
·
薄膜太阳能电池
·
半导体材料
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JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·Vol. 106
·期 1
·158-172
·
IF 2.606
Luo Qiuzi,Sun Yihua,Guo Jin,Zhang Jiangyu,Fang Liang
In this study, the effect of Ti doping ratio on Ti/Ga co-doped ZnO (TGZ) nanopowders was investigated. TGZ nanoparticles with different Ti loadings were prepared using the sol-gel method and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and photoluminescence (PL). The results show that when the Ti doping content is low (0.25at%–1at%), all TGZ samples are single-phase and have the same wurtzite structure as pure ZnO, and when the Ti doping content is high (1.5at%–6at%), a second phase appears, which is the Zn 2 TiO 4 inverse spinel phase. When the doping is low, Ti and Ga can replace the position of Zn, the particle size of ZnO is reduced, the absorption of visible light is enhanced, and the catalytic degradation ability is improved. When the powder is highly doped, the shape distortion of the powder is obvious, and the crystal changes from single-phase to multi-phase, but the absorption of visible light is enhanced, and the recombination of electron-hole pairs is reduced. Through the MB degradation experiment, it was found that T 1.5 G 1.5 Z had the strongest degradation ability, and the degradation rate reached 96% in 150 min. With the further doping of Ti, the degradation rate remained at a high level.
Graphical abstract
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FUEL
·
2022
·
IF 8.035
Chenyao Bi,Zhuangzhuang Zhang,Daizong Han,Chengan Wang,Jianbo Zhang,Ming Sun,Qingqing Hao,Huiyong Chen,Xiaoxun Ma
Quality improvement of pyrolysis tar with yield increasing of high value-added components is highly desired for coal utilization. Herein, Ga-impregnated mesoporous ZSM-5 (Ga/MZ5) directed by organosilane surfactant of [3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl] octadecyldimethylammonium chloride (TPOAC) is used as a catalyst for the catalytic upgrading of coal pyrolysis volatiles. Effective regulation by reduction and reduction/reoxidation promotes a secondary dispersion of gallium species from external surface deposition to micropore permeation. The comprehensive evaluation of catalytic upgrading performance indicates that the designedly regulated gallium species (mainly Ga + , GaH 2 + and GaO + ), feasible balance of Brønsted and Lewis active sites and mesopore diffusion superiority effectively contribute the yield increasing of both light-fraction ( M LF / M Tar ) and target products of BTEXN (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene and naphthalene). The optimal catalyst of Ga/MZ5_R/O exhibited the highest value of M LF / M Tar (88 %) and highest yield of BTEXN (31.84 mg.g −1 ), which are 173 and 589 % higher than non-catalytic single pyrolysis and 133 and 280 % higher than those over the conventional Ga-impregnated ZSM-5 (Ga/Z5). Moreover, the possible reaction networks towards high value-added products of BTEXN based on the positive conversion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phenols, and other oxygen-containing compounds (abbreviated as PPO) is further proposed.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2021
·
IF 4.311
Zenan Ni,Yuming Li,Yaoyuan Zhang,Yajun Wang,Guoqing Cui,Guiyuan Jiang,Zhen Zhao,Chunming Xu
Ga species with high dehydrogenation capability were prepared by H 2 -O 2 atmosphere treatment, and efficient balance of bifunctionality (dehydrogenation/cracking) was realized between Ga species and ZSM-5 over Ga/ZSM-5 based catalysts. Compared with parent Ga/ZSM-5, the conversion rate of n -butane was increased from 0.53 to 2.59 mmol·g −1 ·min −1 on Ga/ZSM-5 with H 2 -O 2 treatment. Kinetic analysis revealed that the apparent activation energy of n -butane catalytic cracking decreased largely from 141 to 47 kJ·mol −1 , which is attributed to the formation of new interaction between Ga species and ZSM-5 upon such an atmosphere treatment. It was also found Butane-O 2 treatment acted as a similar role with H 2 -O 2 treatment in enhancing the catalytic performance. On this basis, different Ga species were correlated with activity and kinetic data, and the effect of practical reaction atmosphere on Ga species was also investigated.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Kangchuang Li,Hua Hao,Zhonghua Yao,Minghe Cao,Hanxing Liu
Sr(Nb 0.5 Ga 0.5 ) x Ti 1-x O 3 (x = 1 %, 2 %, 3 %, 5 %) (STNG) ceramics were synthesized in nitrogen atmosphere by a solid state method. All samples exhibited a cubic perovskite structure without secondary phase. With the increase of the co-doped concentration of Nb 5+ and Ga 3+ , the grain sizes increased firstly and then decreased. The STNG ceramic with x = 3 % exhibited a colossal permittivity (CP) of 24502 and a low dielectric loss of 0.012 at 1kHz and room temperature. Compared with those samples sintered in air, the samples sintered in nitrogen atmosphere have a higher dielectric constant with lower dielectric loss. The phase structure, surface morphology, element distribution, element valence states and dielectric properties of STNG ceramics were investigated. And the mechanism of colossal permittivity was also explored, which indicated that the CP could be attributed to the formation of [ T i 4 + • e − V O • • − e • T i 4 + ] defect dipole.
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Solar RRL
·
2023
·Vol. 7
·期 17
·2300318
·
IF 7.9
Bowen Liu,Xinan Shi,Wei Shao,Jiaxin Gao,Chenxi Zhao,Fuyan Chen,Dongdong Shen,Bingsuo Zou,Daocheng Pan
Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se) 2 (CIGSSe) solar cells are one of the most promising thin film photovoltaics with a record efficiency of 23.6%. However, the biggest drawback to CIGSSe solar cells is their high material cost, partially resulting from relatively rare and expensive indium and gallium. Therefore, improving the utilization of indium and gallium and reducing their wastage can greatly lower the cost of CIGSSe thin film solar cells. Inkjet printing is a facile, cost-effective, and low-waste deposition technology, which is particularly suitable for low-cost and large-area fabrication of CIGSSe solar cells. Herein, a novel and green ionic liquid-assisted ink to fabricate highly efficient CIGSSe solar cells is developed. The material utilization of inkjet printing can be remarkably improved compared to the conventional vacuum-based deposition approach and spin-coating solution approach. The CIGS printable ink is prepared by dissolving copper acetate, indium acetate, gallium nitrate, and thiourea into ethanol with the assistance of n -butylammonium butyrate ionic liquid. Ionic liquid-assisted CIGS ink has a nearly zero wetting angle and a tunable viscosity, which enable to deposit a flat and continuous CIGS thin film by an inkjet printing method. An encouraging power conversion efficiency of 15.22% has been achieved for inkjet-printed CIGSSe solar cells.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2019
·
IF 6.97
Qian Yao,Ying Zhang,Yao Fu
We report on catalytic fast pyrolysis microalgae under ammonia atmosphere into acetonitrile over Ga/HZSM-5, which provides a long-term sustainable option for acetonitrile production and microalgae valorization. The effect of various catalysts, reaction conditions and species of microalgae on acetonitrile production was explored systematically. Under the optimized conditions, the maximum carbon yield of acetonitrile from Chlorella vulgaris was 23.4%, and the selectivity of acetonitrile in bio-oil was up to 77.2%. The possible reaction pathways were proposed according to the comprehensive experimental investigation on the conversion of model compounds and intermediates (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, carboxylic acids, furans, and amines). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that Ga was present mainly at the outer surface of zeolite crystals, and a small amount of Ga was doped into the zeolite crystals.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）