CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2021
·Vol. 39
·期 7
·856-864
·
IF 3.603
Wang Jing-Hong,Chen Rui,Zhao Zi-Qing,Shen Jie,Yang He,Luo Yan,Chen Gao-Jian,Chen Hong,Brash John L.
Herein we present a new perspective showing that water-soluble liquids, when added to water, undergo transient emulsification before complete dissolution. Thus, non-amphiphilic macromolecules can self-assemble at the two-miscible-phase interface when cononsolvent effect appears. A representative case shown here is that when poly( N -isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm), prepared by aqueous radical polymerization, in methanol solution is added into water, the polymer chains rapidly self-assemble into hollow micro-vesicles based on the cononsolvency at water/methanol interface. This finding provides a subtle strategy to prepare hollow micro-vesicles by non-amphiphilic polymers without template participating. We proposed a new concept “interfacial cononsolvency” to describe the formation process. Due to the easy modification process, sugar-contained PNIPAm chains are synthesized by copolymerization. As an application example, it is shown that these sugar-contained PNIPAm chains can afford “sweet” micro-vesicles (containing glucose residues). And the “sweet” micro-vesicles can well mimick the protocells which are involved in the recognition of bacteria.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
·
高分子化学
·
胶体科学
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DOI
高影响因子
PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
·
2026
·
IF 3.2
Kun Li,Shuolei Wang,Zhongyi Qiu,Xuehao Feng,Zhixing Ge,Shuxiang Cai,Wenguang Yang
A PNIPAM/MWCNTs composite hydrogel-based photo-magnetic variable-pitch soft propeller robot is fabricated. • Bis/PNIPAM ratio balances mechanics and thermo-swelling, 90° bending in 1.35 s. • 140° directional hydrogel deformation via rigid layer regulation and 55 °C pre-dehydration. • Three-bladed robot achieves full ink mixing in 23 s. We developed a photo-magnetically actuated soft propeller robot with variable-pitch capabilities specifically for microfluidic manipulation. The device is constructed from a PNIPAM/MWCNT composite hydrogel integrated with magnetic components. Its ternary structure successfully decouples magnetic rotational drive from photothermal pitch adjustments. Material optimization using 20% to 30% ethanol volume, 0.3 mm thickness, and a balanced crosslinker ratio ensured robust mechanical strength and thermo-responsive swelling. Leveraging rapid photothermal conversion, the hydrogel achieved a 90° bend in 1.35 s, and up to 140° of directional deformation when constrained by a pre-dehydrated rigid layer. Hydrodynamic evaluations showed that a three-bladed design surpassed a two-bladed alternative in both ascending efficiency and fluid flow stability. The robot achieved complete microfluidic mixing in just 23 s, outperforming conventional single-mode hydrogel propellers by 1.2 to 2.0 times. Ultimately, this comprehensive study provides a robust theoretical and experimental framework for successfully deploying photo-magnetically coupled soft robots in complex microenvironments.
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Runfeng Zhang,Yan Zhang,Hai Yu,Zongmao Lv,Jie Liu,Xiaogang Luo,Xuejing Zheng,Keyong Tang
A rationally designed MWCNT-COO-MXene/PNIPAM-PAM bilayer hydrogel actuator. • Covalent heterostructure enables rapid photothermal actuation and self-sensing. • Excellent mechanical strength and reversible biomimetic shape-morphing. • An integrated device couples NIR-driven motion with real-time resistance feedback. Stimulus-responsive hydrogels hold great potential in soft robotics, yet conventional PNIPAM hydrogels are limited by slow response speed, single functionality, and poor mechanical strength. Introducing photothermal fillers such as MXene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is an effective strategy to enhance their performance. However, conventional physical blending results in weak interfacial interactions, filler aggregation and limited performance enhancement. Here, we address this challenge by constructing a covalent MWCNTs-COOH@MXene heterostructure via EDC/NHS-mediated esterification, which serves as an efficient conductive and thermal network within the PNIPAM matrix and is firmly integrated with the polyacrylamide (PAM) passive layer through interfacial interpenetration. Compared with the physically blended counterpart, the covalently bonded hydrogel exhibits significantly enhanced thermal conductivity (1.49 W/(m·K)) and higher photothermal conversion efficiency (45.03%). The bilayer actuator exhibited rapid and reversible bending with a response time of 10 s, reaching a maximum bending angle of 420° under thermal stimulation and 80° under NIR light. The actuation amplitude could be controlled by adjusting the thickness ratio of the layers, temperature, and light parameters. Leveraging the efficient photothermal conversion and internal heat conduction of the MWCNTs-COOH@MXene heterostructure, the hydrogel achieved fast light-driven deformation and enabled biomimetic applications such as flower-like opening/closing, target grasping, and autonomous swimming. By integrating actuation and sensing functions, an NIR-light-controlled switch was realized that performed photomechanical actions while providing real-time state feedback through resistance monitoring. This work provides a new material platform and design strategy for high-performance soft robots and intelligent actuators with integrated functionalities. Download: Download high-res image (420KB) Download: Download full-size image
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2022
·
IF 8.025
Xiumei Liu,Ying You,Tingting Zhang,Mengting Li,Ziyu Qin,Jiang Wang,Xueqiong Yin
Two sodium alginate-based Pb 2+ -imprinted thermosensitive hydrogels (SPIT (without ɛ-PL) and SPPIT (with ɛ-PL)) were synthesized, with sodium alginate and ɛ-polylysine (ɛ-PL) as the matrix, N-isopropylacrylamide as the monomer. Characterization with differential scanning calorimeter, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , thermogravimetric analyzer, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the aimed structure of the hydrogels. The adsorption capacity of SPIT and SPPIT for Pb 2+ was 98.64 mg/g and 153.49 mg/g, respectively. Washing the Pb 2+ -loaded adsorbent with 10 °C deionized water, SPIT and SPPIT achieved a desorption efficiency of 94.59 % and 97.51 %, respectively. After 10 cycles of adsorption-desorption process, the adsorption capacity and desorption efficiency remained at about 80–88 % of the original ones, expressing excellent reusability. In a mixture containing eight metal ions (Pb 2+ , Cu 2+ , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Cd 2+ , Na + , K + , Fe 3+ ), the adsorption capacity of SPIT to Pb 2+ was 92.49 mg/g, and that of SPPIT was 102.49 mg/g, much higher than that to the other ions (1.50–11.38 mg/g on SPIT, 9.48–27.45 mg/g on SPPIT), showing excellent adsorption selectivity. The introduction of ɛ-PL enhanced the adsorption capacity, antibacterial ability and stability of the hydrogel, ensuring better application potential in real wastewater.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 141
·期 46
·e56248
·
IF 2.7
Yangsong Li,Liya Fan,Xiaoxuan Xi,Xiaoyan Zhao,Xiao Zhu
Fiber separation technology has been widely used in the removal of metal ions, dyes, proteins, and particles. In this work, the reversible characteristic of temperature sensitive hydrogel which possesses the expansion and contraction at different temperature is used to control the change of internal pores of filter materials for achieving the selective separation and concentration of solution. We prepared polylactic acid (PLA) hollow fiber as outer support layer by the template method and PLA electrospun membrane as internal support diaphragm by electrospinning. Then, the method of adding poly( N -isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) hydrogel in the hollow fiber layer by layer was adopted to form the hydrogel/PLA fiber. When the mass ratio of PNIPAM/PLA was 3/1, the sample presented the relatively tight interior morphology and was selected for protein separation. By adjusting the temperature, the rejection capacities of PNIPAM/PLA composite fiber for bovine serum albumin (BSA), and ovalbumin (OVA) were in the range of 25–36 mg/g and 22–31 mg/g, respectively. Furthermore, the fiber reusability was investigated by swelling and deswelling elution processes. It was found that the sample could be reused 5 times. This work explores a novel control method for the graded filtration and concentration of targets.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymer Chemistry
·
2015
·Vol. 6
·期 15
·2945-2954
·
IF 5.52
Lei Xu,Lichao Liu,Feng Liu,Haibo Cai,Weian Zhang
Amphiphilic PNIPAM-b-PTPPC6MA block copolymers were first synthesized using porphyrin-containing monomers. The mono-hydroxylphenyl-triphenylporphyrin photosensitizer, TPP-OH, was modified into a porphyrin monomer, and it was further used to construct the amphiphilic PNIPAM-b-PTPPC6MA block copolymers using RAFT polymerization. PNIPAM-b-PTPPC6MA block copolymers can self-assemble into a plethora of morphologies ranging from spheres to vesicular aggregates and further to a single large vesicle. The PNIPAM-b-PTPPC6MA micelles exhibited a high singlet oxygen quantum yield. Moreover, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and flow cytometry analysis confirmed that PNIPAM-b-PTPPC6MA micelles could effectively enhance the internalization rate in MCF-7 cells. According to the MTT assay, PNIPAM-b-PTPPC6MA micelles exhibited low dark toxicity and efficient PDT efficacy towards MCF-7 cells. Thus PNIPAM-b-PTPPC6MA block copolymers have the potential application for photodynamic therapy.
研究领域:
生物材料
·
肿瘤学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
·
2017
·
IF 2.813
Xu Tang,Liang Ni,Juan Han,Yun Wang
abstract A stable PNIPAM/Fe 3 O 4 /g-C 3 N 4 composite photocatalyst was designed and prepared by a thermal photoinitiation technology. The structure and properties of the materials were characterized and the composite photocatalyst was found to show good stability for tetracycline degradation. The sample not only retained the magnetic properties of Fe 3 O 4 , allowing it to be recycled, but its photocatalytic properties could also be changed by controlling the temperature of the reaction system. The degradation intermediate products of tetracycline were further investigated by MS . This work provides a new facile strategy for the development of intelligent and recyclable photocatalytic materials.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER BULLETIN
·
2024
·
IF 3.1
Yang Se,Zhang Chunyan,Yong Liu,Niu Mei,Cheng Wei,Zhang Li,Xue Baoxia
Antibacterial dressings play an important role in wound management, especially in chronic wounds. Due to the excellent water retention, antibacterial hydrogel has become an ideal wound dressing. In this paper, the effective antibacterial dressing was constructed with the poly N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) hydrogel and graphene oxide loading nanosilver particles (GO-Ag) by the in situ chemical crosslinking method. The molecular structure, viscosity and mechanical properties, antibacterial agent content, antibacterial performance, temperature-sensitive antibacterial relationship and biocompatibility of PNIPAM-based GO-Ag composite hydrogel (PNIPAM/GO-Ag) were systematically characterized by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), plate counting and other methods. The results showed that the introduction of GO-Ag increased the pore structure of PNIPAM/GO-Ag hydrogel and provided more active sites for the release of silver nanoparticles, wherein the content of nanosilver in PNIPAM/GO-Ag hydrogel was only 0.01%, meeting the requirements of application as antibacterial dressings. Moreover, when the hydrogel was subjected to heat contraction, silver nanoparticles could release more quickly and efficiently. The antibacterial rates of the PNIPAM/GO-Ag hydrogel against E. coli and S. aureus were 99.8 and 99% at 37 °C, respectively, higher than those at 25 °C (92, 95%). Compared with the pure PNIPAM hydrogel (1423.0%), the swelling rate of PNIPAM/GO-Ag hydrogel could reach 2024.6%, certifying its ability to absorb exudate of wound site. When the deformation was less than 80%, the hydrogel could maintain excellent elastic deformation recovery ability, and the viscosity of hydrogel at human body temperature was 38 Pa·s. These prove that it had a good fit with the skin, could dissipate more energy and restore shape. The hemolysis rate of PNIPAM/GO-Ag hydrogel was less than 5%, showing good bio-safety. These all demonstrated the PNIPAM/GO-Ag hydrogel can be used as a potential application for the skin wound dressing. Graphical abstract
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
·
药剂学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIOMACROMOLECULES
·
2021
·
IF 6.988
Danyang Chen,Xiangyang Zhou,Limin Chang,Yong Wang,Wenjuan Li,Jianglei Qin
Biocompatible self-healing hydrogels present an effective application as drug-releasing vehicles for tissue engineering and wound repairing. At the same time, the effective hemostatic property of the hydrogels also improves the application property as wound dressing materials. In this research, the PNIPAM-bearing acylhydrazide P(NIPAM-co-AH) was synthesized and then hemostatic polyphosphate (PolyP) was imported to prepare polyphosphate-conjugated P(NIPAM-co-AH) (PNAP). Through the acylhydrazone connection of PNAP and aldehyde functional PEO (PEO DA), the self-healing hydrogel with a hemostatic property was fabricated with good flexibility and sealing effect. The resultant hydrogels kept excellent biocompatibility and showed controlled drug release behavior. More importantly, the hydrogel accelerated the coagulation rate in vitro and presented a strong hemostatic effect as the binder in the hemorrhage model in vivo, which endow the hemostatic hydrogel with a very useful drug delivery carrier for wound healing applications or first aid treatment of the wounded in critical situations.
研究领域:
生物材料
·
组织工程
·
伤口愈合
·
药物递送系统
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
DESALINATION
·
2026
·
IF 9.9
Yiyang Zhang,Xiaoming Hu,Fangrong Tian,Dinghe Yan,Yutong Cao,Chun Wang,Jingjing Yan,Dawei Ji,Haolong Xue,Changfa Xiao
Controllable design of ternary PNIPAM-PEGMA-PEI microgel with enhanced hydrophilicity and covalent anchoring • Direct embedding of microgels into polyamide Layer via interfacial polymerization • Long-Term anti-scaling performance with thermally triggered self-cleaning and permeance enhancement As a cutting-edge intelligent membrane material, temperature-responsive composite membranes can reversibly regulate the surface properties and pore size structure of the membrane according to changes in ambient temperature, demonstrating unique application potential in the field of high-temperature separation. In this study, we used fully rigid aromatic poly ( p -phenylene terephthamide) (PPTA) as the porous base membrane and designed a temperature-resistant macromolecule. By introducing hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (PEGMA) monomers into the PNIPAM-PEI system, we synthesized the PNIPAM-PEGMA-PEI ternary copolymer microgel, and directly embedded it into the surface separation layer of positively charged polyamide using interfacial polymerization to obtain high-temperature resistant PPTA/PA@[PNIPAM-PEGMA-PEI] nanofiltration membranes, achieving significant reduction in membrane surface contamination rates while maintaining temperature-sensitive regulation of membrane pore size. The membrane exhibited a 57.9% increase in pure water flux at 60 °C and achieved salt rejections above 97% for Na 2 SO 4 , CaCl 2 , and MgSO 4 (5 g/L) at 25 °C. During a 180 h test with periodic thermal transitions, permeance rose from 9.8 to 16.4 L·m −2 ·h −1 ·MPa −1 while retention remained above 89%. This heat-triggered cleaning and reversible pore-size regulation originate from the reversible chain collapse of PNIPAM above its LCST, providing a new strategy for designing highly permeable, regenerable, and anti-scaling nanofiltration membranes for high-temperature desalination and high-salinity wastewater treatment.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Xueliang Feng,Jie-Wei Wong,Mingjin Yang,Qing Zhang,Xiaoxue Liao,Daquan Kek,Zhenzhong Liu,Jize Liu,Chunxin Ma,Qingrong Wei,Tuck-Whye Wong
Intelligent hydrogels can provide various biomimetic actuations in response to external stimuli, but it is still difficult to program their actuating complexity, which severely limits their further applications. Herein, a stimuli-responsive actuating bi-hydrogel with a directional negative layer and a homogeneous positive layer has been explored. The stretched natural rubber latex–polyacrylamide (NRL-PAAm) hydrogel layer can partly maintain this directional structure, which can further integrate with the photothermal-responsive graphene-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (G-PNIPAM) hydrogel layer to obtain the anisotropic bilayer hydrogel. First of all, different from bilayer PNIPAM-based hydrogels, which commonly only achieve two-dimensional (2D) complex actuations, this bi-hydrogel can achieve various not only 2D but also three-dimensional (3D) complex programmable actuations, especially because of its double anisotropy of both bilayer and directional structures. Furthermore, this bi-hydrogel can own a rapid actuating speed reaching 27.7°/s of bending and 18.0°/s of folding in response to non-contact near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, mainly owing to the high photothermal conversion efficiency of composited graphene. Last but not least, thanks to the highly enhanced mechanical performance of the directional NRL-PAAm hydrogel layer, this bi-hydrogel is robust, reaching 4.0 times the tensile strength of pure G-PNIPAM, which owns a relatively powerful force to lift more than 50 times its self-weight. This work provides a promising intelligent hydrogel integrating programmable 2D/3D complex actuation, rapid actuating speed, and powerful force, which will also inspire exploration of other soft intelligent materials.
研究领域:
高分子材料学
·
生物医学工程
·
软体机器人
·
智能响应材料
·
组织工程
·
纳米复合材料
·
仿生驱动器
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 7.8
Luyao Guo,Caixia Sun,Cong Liu,Qingchao Fan,Menghan Xue,Xinhua Xu
Living organisms in nature can sensitively perceive environmental stimuli and respond through rapid adaptive deformation. Inspired by this functionality, self-sensing hydrogel actuators have been developed, offering broad potential in areas such as information encryption, flexible wearables, and human–machine interfaces. Here, we report a versatile strategy for fabricating self-sensing hydrogel actuators with simultaneously high electrical conductivity and excellent mechanical durability. A robust interpenetrating network is constructed between surface-functionalized MXene nanomonomers (T-MXene) and modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNC-Vi), which markedly enhances the stability of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) hydrogel. In addition, incorporation of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) further enhances the composite’s electrical conductivity while simultaneously improving the environmental adaptability. The resulting hydrogel exhibits high conductivity (14.92 S m–1), remarkable strain sensitivity (GF of 2.17 to 7.23), and outstanding durability. Leveraging these features, we realize reliable information encryption and storage, as well as wearable motion sensors capable of sensitive and precise motion detection. Moreover, the hydrogel system serves as an excellent platform for constructing high-performance self-sensing actuators. By inducing a gradient alignment of T-MXene/CNC-Vi under a direct-current (DC) electric field, we develop a shape-programmable hydrogel actuator that combines rapid responsiveness, remote light-driven actuation, and intrinsic self-sensing capability. This study not only provides a paradigm for designing advanced tactile and self-sensing materials but also establishes a foundation for achieving closed-loop, remotely controlled soft actuators for next-generation intelligent mechanical systems.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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