CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Xuetong Zhao,Jianglin Wang,Yang Yang,Qi Wang,Shenglin Kang,Yuchen Li,Guilai Yin,Hongwen Liu,Jindong Yang,Jing Guo
Conventional ceramic sintering generally requires high sintering temperatures, high energy consumption, and long processing time. To overcome these limitations, a rapid and highly efficient cold sintering/spark plasma sintering (CSP/SPS) is employed, with ZnO serving as a model system to systematically investigate the effects of different transient liquid phases, including water, CH 3 COOH and NaOH solution on the sintering behavior. ZnO shows appreciable solubility under both acidic and alkaline conditions. During CSP/SPS, the [Zn(CH 3 COO)] + complex promotes ZnO reprecipitation more effectively than [Zn(OH) 4 ] 2- , leading to superior cold sintering performance in the CH 3 COOH system. A relative density exceeding 95% is achieved at 100 MPa/150 °C in the CH 3 COOH system, whereas the NaOH system requires more stringent conditions (150 MPa/200 °C) to reach comparable densification. Due to the limited solubility of ZnO in water, high densification is achieved only under more severe conditions (150 MPa/250 °C). The CSP/SPS approach leverages SPS-enabled rapid heating to preserve the transient liquid phase and thereby facilitate the dissolution-precipitation process during cold sintering. Systematic comparison of different transient liquid phases reveals that densification efficiency is governed by both solubility and precipitation kinetics. Enhanced electrical conductivity in wet compacts may enable localized charge transport, while electric-field-induced point defects and liquid-solid interfacial chemical defects enhance mass transport and accelerate densification. This work provides a mechanistically informed strategy for the low-temperature, energy-efficient fabrication of ceramic materials.
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DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY
·
2024
·
IF 9
Sen Lang,Shouyu Zhang,Yi Zhou,Jifan Yang,Simeng Liu,Xingjia Zhang,Xuyang Chen,Bangyong Lyu,Ning Liang
The hot densification process can be used to prepare the biofuel pellets and diversified densification materials with suitable mechanical strength to overcome the natural defects of low energy density and loose structure of biomass wastes and achieve the high value utilization of the renewable resources. In this study, the two typical biomass wastes, cotton stalk (CS) and Chinese fir wood sawdust (WS) are used for the hot densification investigation (85 °C), and the microscopic evolution behavior of the biomass components during the hot densification process is explored through the combination of the component adjustment method and molecular dynamics simulation. The results show that cellulose is the key component to the mechanical strength of biomass pellet, which plays the crucial role of skeleton support in the densification process, and the strength of pellet is positively correlated with the increasing addition ratio of cellulose. Furthermore, crystalline cellulose exhibits the strongest bonding properties in the hot densification process due to the formation of rich hydrogen bonds and the increasing intermolecular attraction force. Lignin has the poorest capability for hydrogen bond formation, and its addition increases the van der Waals repulsive forces, resulting in the poorest densification performance. Hemicellulose shows the better adhesion capability than lignin due to its glassy transition (83.34 °C) and the suitable addition can greatly improve the mechanical property of the pellet, up to 14.26 MPa. There exists the strongest synergistic effect between cellulose and hemicellulose, which is beneficial to the bonding performance between particles to different extent. Hot densification process can promote the formation of hydrogen bond connections between molecules/atoms and the increase of the van der Waals repulsive force in the further compression. The densification performance of biomass is the combined effect of the physical forces, including electrostatic force and van der Waals force.
研究领域:
能源植物学
·
材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Ziqiang Jiang,Laian Sheng,Jingtian Li,Guodong Sun,Weihua Luo,Peng Zhao
In present work, Ce 3 + -doped Y 3 Al 5 O 12 (YAG: Ce) transparent ceramics were fabricated via spark plasma sintering (SPS) using Si 3 N 4 as a multifunctional sintering additive. The effects of Si 3 N 4 on the microstructure, densification behavior, and luminescent properties were systematically investigated. It is demonstrated that Si 3 N 4 could be effectively incorporated into the YAG lattice through a charge-balanced substitution mechanism in which Si 4+ -N 3- pairs replace Al 3+ -O 2- , resulting in a significant redshift of the Ce 3+ emission from 545 nm to 582 nm due to enhanced crystal field splitting and nephelauxetic effects. Furthermore, the substitution process also yields in-situ formation of SiO 2 , which promotes densification via liquid-phase sintering, achieves a relative density exceeding 99.5 %, and partially mitigates carbon contamination. When applied in phosphor-converted white LEDs, the Si 3 N 4 -doped YAG: Ce ceramics enabled a substantial reduction in correlated color temperature (CCT) from 4903 K to 3196 K, demonstrating their potential as efficient warm-white light converters without requiring additional red phosphors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
无机非金属材料
·
发光材料
·
固态照明
·
陶瓷工艺
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Yan-An Li,Jia-Hong Li,Xiang-Xiang Pan,Xiang-Qi Liu,Wan-Ming Li,Chang-Qing Liu,Cheng-Xin Li
Inert ceramic-supported solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are critical for advancing long-life, high-stability SOFC energy systems. Using an MgO-MgAl 2 O 4 (MMA) substrate, we developed the high-performance industrial-sized MMA-supported flat-tubular segmented-in-series SOFCs (FT-SIS-SOFCs) through a co-sintering process. Dense electrolytes were obtained by implementing bimodal particle engineering to regulate sintering shrinkage behavior. Through precise control of the nanoparticle (∼100 nm) to submicron particle (∼300 nm) mass ratio at 7 : 3, the sintering shrinkage mismatch between the YSZ electrolyte and MMA substrate was reduced from 6.2% to 0.5%, and the warpage deformation decreased from a compressive strain of -0.113 to less than 0.05. The optimized cell demonstrated a maximum power density of 342 mW/cm 2 with an open-circuit voltage of 1.006 V at 850 °C, coupled with exceptional long-term stability. The industrial-sized warpage-free 16-cell FT-SIS-SOFCs exhibited a high open-circuit voltage of 17.50 V and maximum power output of 6.55 W at 850 °C.
研究领域:
能源材料
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陶瓷工程
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燃料电池技术
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材料科学
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电化学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2020
·
IF 10.652
Saisai Zhang,Hailei Zhao,Jie Wang,Tao Xu,Kangkang Zhang,Zhihong Du
As promising next generation energy storage system, all solid state lithium batteries offer great potential for achieving high energy density and improved safety over lithium batteries with liquid counterpart. Dense microstructure with high ionic conductivity are prerequisites for solid electrolyte. The promising Li-garnet electrolyte suffers from poor sinterability, which results in porous structure and large grain boundary resistance. Herein, we report that the poor sinterability of garnet Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 is most likely related to the Li 2 CO 3 formed on particle surface, and SiO 2 is an efficient additive to scavenge the surface Li 2 CO 3 and so significantly improve the densification of electrolyte. The reaction product Li 4 SiO 4 of SiO 2 with Li 2 CO 3 is a Li-ion conductor, which exists at grain boundary and so can facilitate the grain boundary lithium ion diffusion. An addition of 1 mol.% SiO 2 , with respect to the total lithium content in Li 6.4 La 3 Zr 1.4 Ta 0.6 O 12 (LLZTO), significantly increases the relative density of LLZTO pellet by 28% and the conductivity by one order of magnitude, reaching 3.84 × 10 −4 S cm −1 at room temperature by a conventional solid state sintering. A symmetric lithium cell assembled with such dense LLZTO electrolyte can cycle well for 260 h compared with unmodified LLZTO running only for 72 h before short-circuit.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储技术
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2020
·
IF 4.495
Bing Liu,Lei Li,Kai Xin Song,Min Min Mao,Zhilun Lu,Ge Wang,Linhao Li,Dawei Wang,Di Zhou,Antonio Feteira,Ian M. Reaney
LiF is a low-firing fluoride with excellent microwave dielectric properties , however densification of LiF ceramics is challenging owing to their low surface free energy. In this study, a cold sintering process (150 °C, 250 MPa, 60 min) was employed to pre-densify LiF ceramics to 78 % relative density. Post-annealing treatments between 650 °C and 800 °C led to significant grain growth which was accompanied by an increase in relative density to 92 %. The microwave quality factor ( Qf ) increased with increasing annealing temperature to a maximum of 110,800 GHz at 800 °C, 1.5 times higher than the value obtained via conventional sintering (78,800 GHz), with relative permittivity ε r = 8.2 and temperature coefficient of resonant frequency, τ f =–135 ppm/°C. Such high values of Qf and its compatibility with Ag electrode suggest that cold sintered LiF has great potential as a component or additive in low temperature co-fired ceramic formulations.
研究领域:
材料科学
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陶瓷工程
·
微波工程
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2022
·
IF 6.364
Xin Song,Tianhang Zhang,Timothy D. Christopher,Yong Guo,Saifang Huang,Yangai Liu,Tilo Söhnel,Peng Cao
Lithium garnet oxides with 6.5 mol Li, such as Li 6.5 La 3 Zr 1.5 (Ta/Nb) 0.5 O 12 , typically crystallise in cubic structure and exhibit excellent room-temperature ionic conductivity close to 1 mS cm −1 . However, it is challenging to densify garnet oxides. In this work, we investigated how the co-doping of tantalum (Ta) and niobium (Nb) affects the densification of pressureless sintered garnet electrolytes with compositions of Li 6.5 La 3 Zr 1.5 Ta (0.5−x) Nb x O 12 , where x = 0–0.5. The highest densification (94.5% of relative density) was achieved in Li 6.5 La 3 Zr 1.5 Ta 0.1 Nb 0.4 O 12 (TN-LLZO) when it was sintered at 1150 °C for 6 h. This TN-LLZO garnet electrolyte delivers an ionic conductivity of 1.04 × 10 −3 S cm −1 (at 22 °C) with a low activation energy of 0.41 eV. Our findings demonstrate that the content of dopants (Ta and Nb) plays a critical role in enhancing the sintering performance of garnet ceramics at ambient pressure.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
固体离子学
·
能源材料
·
陶瓷
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Bei-Chen Gao,Yu Tian,Run-Ping Liu,Yi-Xin Wang,Yang You,Wei-Ming Guo,Hua-Tay Lin
A two-step method including low-temperature pretreatment and high-temperature homogenization was developed to prepare high-purity (Ti 0.2 V 0.2 Ta 0.2 Nb 0.2 Hf 0.2 )(C 0.75 N 0.25 ) powder. In the first step, the reaction mixture was heated to 1450 ℃ to form intermediate carbonitride phases through carbothermal reduction-nitridation, and the second step at 1700 ℃ produced a single-phase high-entropy carbonitride. The powder prepared by single-step treatment at 1750 ℃ contained 2.28 wt% nitrogen and 0.18 wt% oxygen. In contrast, the two-step powder exhibited higher nitrogen content (2.45 wt%) and lower oxygen content (0.09 wt%), and the formation of a complete single-phase solid solution enabled accurate calculation of its composition (Ti 0.2 V 0.2 Ta 0.2 Nb 0.2 Hf 0.2 )(C 0.78 N 0.21 O 0.01 ). The ceramic prepared from the two-step powder achieved 99.8% relative density, with an average grain size of 4.58 ± 0.32 μm, a Vickers hardness of 22.73 ± 0.51 GPa, and a fracture toughness of 3.16 ± 0.30 MPa·m 1/2 , whereas the single-step ceramic reached only 86.5% relative density.
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Bei-Chen Gao,Yi-Xin Wang,Run-Ping Liu,Xiao-Fei Hou,Yang You,Wei-Ming Guo,Hua-Tay Lin
High-entropy carbonitride ceramics usually require high-temperature sintering to achieve high density and phase purity, but this process often causes grain coarsening and reduces mechanical properties. In this work, (Ti,V,Ta,Nb,W)(C,N) powder (0.37 ± 0.09 μm) was synthesized at 1400℃ by carbothermal reduction-nitridation, and W 2 C, WC, and (Ti,Ta)O x byproducts were formed in situ. After sintering at 2100℃, a single-phase ceramic with 98.7% relative density was obtained, but the grain size increased to 10.39 ± 2.25 μm. In contrast, after sintering at 1500℃, the ceramic showed 98.8% relative density and a fine grain size of 1.09 ± 0.25 μm because the retained solid byproducts are located at grain boundaries, triple junctions, and pore-rich intergranular regions, where they may assist pore elimination. Although the ceramic sintered at 1500℃ was not single-phase, its hardness (20.49 ± 0.39 GPa) was higher than that of the 2100℃ sample (19.60 ± 0.32 GPa), mainly because of grain refinement and compositional partitioning between the core and rim. In addition, fracture toughness increased from 2.13 ± 0.30 MPa·m 1/2 at 2100℃ to 3.48 ± 0.23 MPa·m 1/2 at 1500℃ due to crack deflection by multiphase grain boundaries and heterogeneous interfaces. These results indicate that low-temperature powder synthesis combined with low-temperature sintering can effectively improve the mechanical properties of high-entropy carbonitride ceramics by retaining a fine-grained microstructure and using in situ formed byproducts.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2026
·Vol. 47
·期 2
·118810
·
IF 6.3
Meicen Fan,Weiwei Xiao,Shile Chen,Yao Han,Yanhao Dong,Chang-An Wang
The advancement of flash sintering (FS) for insulating ceramics, such as Al 2 O 3 , has long been stifled by a persistent thermal-mechanical instability paradox: the extreme electric fields required for initiation inevitably trigger localized Joule heating and runaway densification, culminating in catastrophic structural failure. Herein, we report a DC electric field-assisted sintering paradigm that successfully decouples the beneficial electronic activation of a flash event from its destructive densification kinetics. By architecting a percolative TiC conductive skeleton, we lower the flash initiation threshold to an unprecedented 50 V·cm −1 . Crucially, an immediate transition to a current-controlled regime post-initiation effectively mitigates thermal runaway while sustaining a non-equilibrium, flash-activated state. This state, characterized by a dramatic surge in oxygen vacancies (
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2025
·Vol. 36
·期 12
·1-14
·
IF 2.8
Mei Rui,Yan Feng,Hu Sizheng,Gong Zonggui,Guo Haoxuan,Wang Qijing,Zheng Xinghua
With the increasingly urgent safety requirement of lithium-ion batteries, more and more attention has been paid to Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (LLZO)-based solid electrolytes with high ion conductivity and excellent electrochemical performance. Unfortunately, owing to the serious “Li-loss” and the abnormal grain growth (AGG) during the long-time high-temperature sintering process, it is difficult to achieve the high-quality LLZO electrolyte with uniform and fine grains, high density and excellent electrochemical performance. In this work, Ga/Mo co-doped LLZO solid-state electrolytes have been prepared by traditional sintering (TS) and two-step sintering (TSS). And the sintering mechanism, phase stability, microstructure evolution, and electrochemical performance have been systematically investigated. A small amount of Ga/Mo doping not only promotes the formation of the cubic garnet LLZO phase, but also enhances the stability of cubic phase. High density of 92.3% and uniform microstructure without AGG have been achieved via a small amount of Ga doping and TSS. Li 6.3 Ga 0.1 La 3 Zr 1.8 Mo 0.2 O 12 electrolytes, prepared by TSS of 1200 °C/15 min-1100 °C/8 h, exhibits high ion conductivity of 2.59 × 10 –4 S·cm −1 and critical current density (CCD) value of 0.5 mA·cm −2 , low electric conductivities of 4.77 × 10 –9 S·cm −1 , which suggests it is a potential electrolyte to apply in all-solid-state batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
International Journal of Electrochemical Science
·
2024
·
IF 1.3
Ya Zhang,Chen Tian,Ke Wang,Qiang Shen
The high temperature sintered ceramic pellets of solid electrolyte Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3 (LATP), obtained in the absence of any sintering aids, should contain a large amount of interparticle gaps, which is one of the main bottlenecks in developing LATP-based all-solid-state Li-metal batteries. In this study, a facile solution (LiCl in ethanol) immersion method is adopted to soak the already 900℃-sintered LATP ceramic pellets, and the resulting series of LATP-xLiCl (x denotes the weight fraction of LiCl, 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 3.7) are assayed to address the high-performance mechanism of lithium-graphite (Li-C) symmetric cells. At the optimal x value of 2.3, the grain-boundary resistance of the ceramic pellet can be significantly reduced from 1772 to 28 Ω·cm² at room temperature, which endows the Li-C symmetrical cells of LATP-2.3LiCl with a high critical current density of 3.00 mA cm² at 60°C. Especially, the enhanced ionic conductivity of LATP-2.3LiCl (4.7×10 −4 S cm −1 , at 20℃; 1.1×10 −3 S cm −1 , at 60℃) indicates an effective strategy of utilizing capillary force to densify LATP-based ceramic pellets for potential application purposes.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储与转换
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）