JOM
·
2021
·Vol. 73
·期 12
·4103-4111
·
IF 2.474
Wang Ying,Hou Jiyue,Li Xue,Hu Xiuqiong,Wang Yanjie,Yang Zhengwu,Ai Rui,Zhang Yiyong
This paper proposes the preparation of a S-Se-Ti 3 C 2 T x /TiO 2 cathode by etching Ti 3 AlC 2 with hydrofluoric acid and doping with selenium (Se). Through an electrochemical performance test, selenium is doped into the active material sulfur and forms a sulfur-selenium compound to compensate for the ‘chemical inertness’ of the elemental sulfur, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the active material. Taking advantage of the ability of TiO 2 to absorb polysulfide compounds and the high conductivity of carbides, the Ti 3 C 2 T x composite material, modified with TiO 2 nanodots, is constructed in situ as a sulfur-selenium composite material carrier, achieving a high sulfur content of 80%. S-Se-Ti 3 C 2 Tx/TiO 2 is used as the cathode, and the initial discharge specific capacity is as high as 1073 mAh g −1 , which improves the utilization of active materials and effectively inhibits the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfide intermediates.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 7.312
Yongjun Sun,Yuanyuan Yu,Deng Li,Jun Zhai,Huaili Zheng
A hybrid flocculant, PAC-CA, with the advantages of inorganic and organic flocculants, was prepared, and the coagulation behavior and floc characteristics of PAC-CA for removing titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 -NPs) under different conditions were studied. The effects of monomer mass ratio, initiator concentration, hydroxyl aluminum ratio, reaction temperature, and polymerization time on the coagulation performance for TiO 2 -NP removal were studied. PAC-CA was characterized through SEM, FT-IR, TG-DSC, XRD, XPS, and Ferron complex colorimetric characterization. The characterization results showed that PAC-CA was successfully copolymerized using AlCl 3 , carboxymethyl chitosan, and acrylamide. The high content of Alb in PAC-CA helped improve the coagulation performance. When the dosage was 30 mg/L, the pH was 8, the stirring intensity was 200 s −1 , and the settling time was 30 min, the optimal removal rates for TiO 2 -NPs and turbidity were 87.30% and 91.72%, respectively. Kaolin could effectively improve the TiO 2 -NP removal efficiency and promote the density and particle size of flocs. Humic acid exerted an inhibitory effect on coagulation efficiency with loose and small flocs.
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CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
·
2021
·Vol. 27
·期 57
·14202-14208
·
IF 5.236
Yan-Xiang Zhang,Si-Ming Wu,Ge Tian,Xiao-Fang Zhao,Li-Ying Wang,Yi-Xia Yin,Lu Wu,Qian-Ni Li,Yue-Xing Zhang,Jin-Song Wu,Christoph Janiak,Kenneth I. Ozoemena,Menny Shalom,Xiao-Yu Yang
Graphical Erosion of corrosion : TiO 2 nanofibers with rich Ti vacancies have been designed by a facile controllable calcination approach. They exhibit efficient charge transfer and resistance to corrosion by seawater owing to a unidirectional electron trap and superior H + adsorption; which contribute to excellent activity and long-time stability in photodriven seawater splitting. This study could provide a promising strategy for the design of efficient semiconductors in marine applications. Photodriven seawater splitting is considered to be one of the most promising techniques for sustainable hydrogen production. However, the high salinity of seawater would deactivate catalysts and consume the photogenerated carriers. Metal vacancies in metal oxide semiconductors are critical to directed electron transfer and high salinity resistance; they are thus desirable but remain a challenge. We demonstrate a facile controllable calcination approach to synthesize TiO 2 nanofibers with rich Ti vacancies with excellent photo/electro performances and long-time stability in photodriven seawater splitting, including photocatalysis and photo-electrocatalysis. Experimental measurements and theoretical calculations reveal the formation of titanium vacancies, as well as unidirectional electron trap and superior H + adsorption ability for efficient charge transfer and resistance to corrosion by seawater. Therefore, atomic-/nanoscale characteristics and mechanism have been proposed to clarify the generation of titanium vacancies and the corresponding interfacial electron transfer.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2021
·
IF 8.128
Shuang Cao,Ning Sui,Peng Zhang,Tingting Zhou,Jinchun Tu,Tong Zhang
Gas sensors have become increasingly significant because of the rapid development in electronic devices that are applied in detecting noxious gases. Adjusting the crystal phase structure of sensing materials can optimize the band gap and oxygen-adsorptive capacity, which influences the gas sensing characteristics. Therefore, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) materials with different crystal phase structures including rutile TiO 2 nanorods (R-TiO 2 NRs), anatase TiO 2 nanoparticles (A-TiO 2 NRs) and brookite TiO 2 nanorods (B-TiO 2 NRs) were synthesized successfully via one-step hydrothermal process, respectively. The gas sensing characteristics were also investigated systematically. The sensors based on R-TiO 2 NRs displayed the higher response value (12.3) to 100 ppm acetone vapor at 320 °C compared to A-TiO 2 NRs (4.1) and B-TiO 2 NRs (2.3). Furthermore, gas sensors based on R-TiO 2 NRs exhibited excellent repeatability under six cycles and good selectivity to acetone. The outstanding sensing properties of gas sensors based on R-TiO 2 NRs can be ascribed to relatively narrow band gap and more oxygen vacancies of rutile phase, which showed a probable way for design gas sensors based on metal oxide semiconductors with remarkable gas sensing performances by the crystal phase adjustment engineering in the future.
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CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
·
2021
·
IF 2.328
Xiaomin Kong,Runying Bai,Shuailin Wang,Bo Wu,Ruzhang Zhang,Huidong Li
Considering the phosphorus pollution in the water and the shortage of phosphate rock resources, the TiO 2 */Fe 3 O 4 composite is prepared by sol–gel method to adsorb and recover phosphate from wastewater. The physio-chemical properties combined with adsorption experiment results show that the phosphate adsorption of TiO 2 */Fe 3 O 4 is mono-layer chemical adsorption with electrostatic attraction and ligand exchange. The adsorption capacity reaches 64.6 mg/g at 25 °C in pH 6 and the phosphate recovery rate is over 85% after 5 recycling times. The TiO 2 */Fe 3 O 4 , which is easily separated magnetically from water with excellent phosphate removal performance of municipal sewage, is a promising specific phosphate adsorbent.
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Food Biophysics
·
2021
·Vol. 17
·期 1
·75-83
·
IF 3.114
Lu Naiyan,Chen Zhe,Song Jiaoyang,Weng Yuyan,Yang Guofeng,Liu Qingrun,Yang Kai,Lu Xuemei,Liu Yu
Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), as a representative of metallic oxides, is widely used as food additive to serve as coloring or antibacterial packaging fortifier. However, in recent years, the potential hazards of nano-sized TiO 2 food additives to human beings is still in doubt. In this work, we systematically studied the interactions between three sizes of TiO 2 particles and the cell membrane systems with confocal laser scanning microscopy. We used both giant unilamellar vesicles and human colon cancer cells to mimic actual cell membrane systems. The results demonstrate the strong effect of particle size on membrane disruption and leakage behaviors. Among the three sizes of TiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) used in this work, the TiO 2 NPs with the size of 110-300 nm are safe. In contrast, NPs with the size of 10-30 nm and 50-100 nm will cause the rupture and leakage of cell membranes. These indicates that the cytotoxicity of nano-sized TiO 2 particles increases with the decrease of particle sizes. In addition, it is found that the size effect of TiO 2 particles further depends on the membrane charge state. Simulations were also introduced to understand the results. This study would provide a theoretical basis for the production designing and safety standard of metallic oxide food additives.
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ENERGY & FUELS
·
2021
·
IF 3.605
Weiyu Song,Kuichao Yu,Xiangyang Ji,Bowen Liu,Zhi Li,Yanjun Chen,Jian Liu
Low-cost, environmentally friendly, and highly efficient catalysts are urgently needed for the direct propane dehydrogenation (PDH) to propylene. Studies have shown that defective TiO2 obtained by in situ reduction shows excellent catalytic PDH performance. Doping metals in the lattice of TiO2 is a plausible method for tuning the vacancy content and electronic property. In this paper, doping with fifth period transition metals was screened using a computational method, followed by experimental synthesis to further improve the PDH activity of TiO2-based catalysts. The TiO2 (101) surface with doping metals was first studied to determine the positive effect on the vacancy formation. Then, the two disputed reaction paths, that is, the concerted and stepwise path, were compared extensively on all of the doping models. Step one is found to be more preferable for all. The microkinetic modeling was employed to obtain the turnover frequency (TOF), based on which the linear relationship is found for TOF and binding energy of dissociated H2 or co-adsorption energy of 2-propyl&H. The abovementioned screening process shows Ru-doped TiO2, which shows the highest PDH activity and is justified by experimental results.
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FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
·
2021
·
IF 9.147
Biao Yuan,Bing Jiang,Han Li,Xiao Xu,Fei Li,David Julian McClements,Chongjiang Cao
Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) particles are widely employed in foods and supplements as lightening agents. A substantial fraction of the particles in commercial TiO 2 ingredients fall within the nanoscale, i.e., they have diameters below 100 nm. A biocorona can form around TiO 2 particles when they are incorporated into food matrices containing plant proteins . In this study, we investigated the molecular interactions between two hydrophobic plant proteins (gliadin and zein) and four types of surface-modified TiO 2 nanoparticles (TCN, TCN-1, TCN-2 and TCN-3). Ultraviolet–visible absorption, fluorescence quenching, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that the plant proteins interacted with the surfaces of the TiO 2 nanoparticles, resulting in changes in their molecular conformations . Quartz crystal microbalance analysis indicated that the mass of the hard corona increased as the number of hydroxyl groups on the surfaces of the TiO 2 nanoparticles increased, which implied that hydrogen bonding played an important role in the formation of the biocorona. These results provide a better understanding of the interactions that may occur in food matrices containing both plant proteins and TiO 2 nanoparticles.
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JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 3.498
Zifan Li,Zhibin Zhang,Zhimin Dong,Yongchuan Wu,Xiang Zhu,Zhongping Cheng,Yuhui Liu,Yingcai Wang,Zhijian Zheng,Xiaohong Cao,Youqun Wang,Yunhai Liu
The separation of uranium U(VI) through photoreduction approach has attracted substantial attention. Sulfide-based materials have revealed excellent performance for reducing U(VI) and there is no record of CuS based materials. Herein, we synthesized CuS/TNTAs heterostructured nanocomposites (CUTN) with varied CuS contents via successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. After SILAR deposition for 10 times, CUTN-10 showed the best photocatalytic performance, and 92.6 % of U(VI) can be removed within 180 min. The CuS could provide sufficient photoelectrons and TNTAs can transport these photoelectrons to the adsorbed U(VI) on its surface, the reduced uranium sediment was proved to be (UO 2 ) O 2 ·2H 2 O. More important, the combination of TNTAs could effective inhibit photocorrosion of CuS and the leaching of Cu 2+ was relatively low. We also unconsciously found that CUTN-10 can photoreduce U(VI) without any sacrificial agent which caused by the oxidation of S 2− . This work expands the application of sulfide-based materials and provides basic data for bracing the expansion of sulfide-based materials in the field of U(VI) photoreduction.
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Frontiers in Chemistry
·
2021
·
IF 5.221
Yao Xinyun,Zuo Jiaqi,Wang Yu-Jue,Song Ning-Ning,Li Huang-Hao,Qiu Kaipei
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a typical perfluorinated carboxylic acid, is an emerging type of permanent organic pollutants that are regulated by the Stockholm Convention. The degradation of PFOA, however, is quite challenging largely due to the ultra-high stability of C-F bonds. Compared with other techniques, photocatalytic degradation offers the potential advantages of simple operation under mild conditions as well as exceptional decomposition and defluorination efficiency. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most frequently used photocatalysts, but so far, the pristine nanosized TiO2 (e.g., the commercial P25) has been considered inefficient for PFOA degradation, since the photo-generated hydroxyl radicals from TiO2 are not able to directly attack C-F bonds. Mesoporous Sb2O3/TiO2 heterojunctions were therefore rationally designed in this work, of which the confined Sb2O3 nanoparticles in mesoporous TiO2 framework could not only tune the band structure and also increase the number of active sites for PFOA degradation. It was found that, after loading Sb2O3, the absorption of UV light was enhanced, indicating a higher efficiency of light utilization; while the band gap was reduced, which accelerated the separation of photo-generated charge carriers; and most importantly, the valence band edge of the Sb2O3/TiO2 heterojunction was significantly lifted so as to prevent the occurrence of hydroxyl radical pathway. Under the optimal ratio of Sb2O3–TiO2, the resulting catalysts managed to remove 81.7% PFOA in 2 h, with a degradation kinetics 4.2 times faster than the commercial P25. Scavenger tests and electron spin resonance spectra further revealed that such improvement was mainly attributed to the formation of superoxide radicals and photo-generated holes, in which the former drove the decarboxylation from C7F15COOH–C7F15•, and the latter promoted the direct electron transfer for the conversion of C7F15COO−–C7F15COO•. The Sb2O3/TiO2 photocatalysts were highly recyclable, with nearly 90% of the initial activity being retained after five consecutive cycles, guaranteeing the feasibility of long-term operation.
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POLYMER COMPOSITES
·
2021
·Vol. 42
·期 5
·2511-2522
·
IF 3.171
Jingding Zhang,Ling Zhang,Chunzhong Li
The application of polymers in packaging is still limited due to the problems of poor gas barrier and flame retardant properties. Herein, a modified TiO 2 (m-TiO 2 )@graphene oxide (GO)/montmorillonite (MMT) filler-reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based nanocomposite films with excellent gas barrier, flame retardant, and mechanical properties is fabricated through a simple method of solution casting. In this system, GO and MMT act as bricks, PVA sticks them together like glue, and they together form a brick-wall structure. By adding these fillers, the oxygen permeability rate ( Po 2 ) of this film is 0.48 × 10 −18 cm 3 •cm/(cm 2 •s•Pa), less than that of pure PVA film by 97%, and the water vapor permeability rate ( ) of the nanocomposite film is 1.21 × 10 −13 g•cm/(cm 2 •s•Pa), less than that of pure PVA film by 86%. In addition, the flame retardant properties of m-TiO 2 @GO/MMT/PVA nanocomposite films are excellent, which self-extinguishes as long as the flame taken away, different from pure PVA film, which is completely burned. Moreover, the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite films are also significantly improved. The nanocomposites with environment-friendly raw materials, simple manufacturing processes, and excellent performance should have good applications in the packaging and coating industries.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2021
·
IF 4.527
Yi Hu,Yuqiang Guo,Fenghua Zhao,Rui Zuo,Xugang Lu,Shibing Xiong,Ping Huang,Bangcheng Yang
In the field of hard tissue repair, titanium-based materials have excellent mechanical properties and magnesium-based materials have good bioactivity, but their shortcomings are that titanium-based materials do not have good bioactivity, while magnesium-based materials are limited in application due to their rapid degradation rate. In order to give full play to the advantages of these two materials, the TiO 2 –MgO composite ceramic materials were prepared by combining the two elements and sintering at high temperature. By changing sintering temperature and MgO content, the structure composition and bioactivity of composite ceramic materials can be controlled. The surface morphology , mineralization ability in vitro, cytotoxicity and bone-promoting properties of composite ceramic materials were studied. The experimental results show that high MgO content composite ceramic materials will bring too strong alkalinity to the environment, which will accelerate the mineralization ability of materials, but is not conducive to the survival of cells. Composite ceramic materials with suitable sintering temperature and MgO content have good bioactivity and bone-promoting performance, while the porous structure produced by MgO degradation is beneficial to cell spreading and can form a good combination between the material and bone tissue at an early stage. Porous structure and Mg 2+ can adjust the bone-promoting properties of materials together. Through the above experimental research, it is found that TiO 2 –MgO composite ceramic material is a new type of material which is used in the field of hard tissue repair due to its good bioactivity.
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