Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2025
·Vol. 14
·期 1
·120793
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IF 7.2
Yueyue Song,Baihong Li,Yunyu Guo,Chao Li,Yangfan Zhang,Lijun Zhang,Shu Zhang,Xun Hu
N-functionalized biochar has versatile applications, and co-pyrolysis of nitrogen-rich food wastes such as tofu and biomass is a method for production of N-containing biochar (BC). Herein, co-pyrolysis of tofu and cellulose, lignin, or peach wood (PW) was conducted at 400 °C, aiming to probe capability of different components of biomass for retaining tofu-derived nitrogen species in biochar through potential cross-reactions. The results showed that cross-interactions among volatiles or biochar from different sources during the co-pyrolysis did exist, which produced more gases, especially CO 2 from cracking of tofu-derived amino acids. This also enhanced deoxygenation in co-pyrolysis of tofu/cellulose and tofu/peach, producing oxygen-deficient biochar with enhanced aromatic degree and thermal stability. The co-pyrolysis of tofu and cellulose enhanced the retention of N species in the resulting biochar-tofu/cellulose (nitrogen content: 7.1 % versus 4.5 % of calculated value), and similar result was observed in co-pyrolysis of tofu and peach (nitrogen content: 6.2 % versus 4.5 %). The sugary intermediates from degradation of cellulose/peach reacted with tofu-derived nitrogen-containing organics via Maillard reaction to fix nitrogen on/in biochar. In-situ IR measurement confirmed consumption of carbonyl containing intermediates with simultaneous formation of C-N species in the co-pyrolysis. The nitrogen species also acted as “glue” in the co-pyrolysis for binding biochar particles to form cluster morphology and acted as anchoring sites for enhancing adsorption of alkaline fuchsin.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 9.642
Shuang Xue,Zhongyang Luo,Qingguo Zhou,Haoran Sun,Liwen Du
Novel preparation of molybdenum modified bimetallic micro-mesoporous catalyst was proposed innovatively to conduct catalytic fast pyrolysis of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin. The optimal catalytic characterization of the prepared catalyst was attributed to appropriate porous structure, the interaction between zeolite support and metal species, and the synergetic and stable mechanism of bimetallic active sites. With the incorporation of metal species into micro-mesoporous catalyst, the distribution of active sites experienced a regulation, which contributed to MAHs production and cracking of oxygen-containing substances. NiMo/AZM catalyst exhibited the most obvious coke inhibition effect (8.47 wt% of mass yield) and converted more high-ordered graphite carbon to low-ordered one, so as to make it easier to remove and prolong the catalyst lifetime, and obtained the highest mass yield of MAHs (13.15 wt%) as well as the minimum selectivity of bulky oxygenates (3.82%), which was the joint contribution of three key parameters.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2017
·
IF 6.216
Ke Wang,Ying Huang,Xiulan Qin,Mingyue Wang,Xu Sun,Meng Yu
A novel graphene/carbon nanotube (GN-CNT) hybrid was synthesized by thermal pyrolysis of urea on the surface of graphene at 800, 900 and 1000 °C. The effects of pyrolysis temperature on yield of carbon nanotubes and electrochemical properties of the GN-CNT hybrid were investigated carefully. The production rate of pyrolysis gas was increased as temperature rising. The GN-CNT hybrid reached the largest surface area and the generation of a mass of pores at the pyrolysis temperature of 900 °C due to the carbon nanotubes cracking during pyrolysis at 1000 °C. The properties of favorable 3D architecture, the generation of a mass of pores during the release of carbon nitride gases and outstanding mechanical flexibility, showed pronounced effects on the fast and steady transfer of electrons and sodium-ion. Consequently, the GN-CNT hybrid pyrolysized at 900 °C exhibit a very high reversible capacity of up to 269.14 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles at a current density of 300 mA g −1 . Even up to 5 A g −1 , a rate capacity of 195.37 mA h g −1 can be obtained after 700 cycles.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2021
·
IF 10.588
Qiuju Wang,Zhao Zhang,Guoren Xu,Guibai Li
A process of antibiotic fermentation residue and sludge pyrolysis to produce biochar was proposed, with antibiotic resistance genes destruction and biochar application in the adsorption of penicillin in water. The results showed that the β-lactam resistance genes were completely destroyed during pyrolysis. The prepared biochar from antibiotic fermentation residues (AFRB) and sludge (AFSB) at 800 °C and 600 °C had a good adsorption effect on the low concentration penicillin in water, with removal efficiencies of 93.32% and 98.50% for penicillin in aqueous solution and maximum adsorption capacities of 44.05 mg/g and 23.26 mg/g, respectively. Characterization of AFRB revealed that its surface was predominantly aromatic carbon, AFSB contained significant amounts of Fe 3 O 4 . Weak interactions (H‧‧‧π, H‧‧‧O˭C, π-π interactions) and active sites (aromatic ring, H and –C˭O groups) of penicillin with aromatic structures on AFRB and the chemisorption (–C˭O–Fe–, –C˭OO–Fe–), and active sites (–C˭O, –COO– groups) of penicillin on the (110) surface of Fe 3 O 4 on AFSB were revealed by quantum chemical methods. This work provides a novel pathway for the risk reduction of antibiotic production residue and sludge associated with the generation of biochar for antibiotic removal from the environment.
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Catalysts
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 1
·88
·
IF 3.8
Zheng Dong,Yuanchong Yue,Jianmei Bai,Kun Chen,Mei Wang,Quan Bu
Peanut shells, a major economic and oil crop in China, boast an abundant availability and remarkably high lignin content compared to other agricultural residues. Previous work indicated that the modified hierarchical zeolite (Zn-ZSM-5/MCM41) was effective in promoting the conversion of intermediate macromolecules during the lignin pyrolysis reaction and enhancing the yield and selectivity of liquid products. Thereby, this study aims to improve the quality of liquid products in the ex situ catalytic microwave co-pyrolysis of peanut shells and LDPE by utilizing Zn-ZSM-5/MCM41. Employing a compound center experimental design, we optimized reaction conditions through response surface analysis. The impact of microwave pyrolysis temperature and the catalyst-to-feedstock ratio on yield distribution and liquid product selectivity was explored. Results indicated a marginal increase in liquid product yield with rising pyrolysis temperatures. Moreover, an initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease in liquid product yield was observed with an increase in the catalyst-to-feedstock ratio. Optimal conditions of 450 °C and a catalyst-to-peanut hull ratio of 2.34% yielded the highest bio-oil yield at 34.25%. GC/MS analysis of the bio-oil revealed a peak in hydrocarbon content at 68.36% under conditions of 450 °C and a catalyst-to-feedstock ratio of 13.66%. Additionally, the quadratic model effectively predicted bio-oil yield and the selectivity for major chemical components. This study underscores the potential of Zn-ZSM-5/MCM41 in optimizing liquid product quality during catalytic co-pyrolysis, offering insights into bio-oil production and its chemical composition.Keywords:bio-oil;pyrolysis;catalyst;LDPE;biomass
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ACS Applied Energy Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.5
Shenao Tian,Shang Li,Chongxue Zhao,Dong Xie,Mu Pan
Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have emerged as a promising energy conversion technology due to their high energy efficiency, low operating temperature, zero pollutant emissions, and carbon neutrality, rendering them highly attractive for transportation and stationary power applications. However, enhancing the durability of Pt-based oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts while maintaining high activity remains a critical challenge for PEMFCs. In this study, a Pt/C@TPTZ450 ORR catalyst was synthesized via the surface modification of Pt/C with the nitrogen-containing organic small-molecule 2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine (TPTZ), resulting in the formation of an ultrathin nitrogen-containing coating layer (≈0.5 nm) that effectively stabilizes the catalyst structure. The modified catalyst exhibits enhanced ORR mass activity in rotating disk electrode (RDE) measurements compared with pristine Pt/C. More importantly, the TPTZ-derived coating effectively restricts the undesirable processes of Pt catalyst particle growth, carbon support corrosion, Pt migration, and Pt leaching during long-term operation. Consequently, the durability of the Pt/C@TPTZ450 catalyst is significantly improved compared to that of the pristine Pt/C catalyst. After 30,000 cycles of accelerated stress tests (ASTs), the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with the Pt/C@TPTZ450 catalyst exhibits a voltage decay of only 22 mV at a current density of 0.8 A/cm2, accompanied by an electrochemical active surface area decay of 38.42%. These durability metrics fully meet the technical targets set by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) for proton-exchange membrane fuel cell catalysts. Furthermore, this work provides new insights and practical solutions for enhancing catalyst durability.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 10.4
Liyu Hou,Haodong Wang,Lan Sun,Xinyuan Wang,Zhongping Huang,Huijun Liu,Jing Yu
4.71–5.19 μg/box and 1.27–1.40 μg/box were detected for the migrated PS MPs and NPs. • Hydrophilic iron oxide nanoparticle was used to capture polystyrene nanoplastics. • Adsorption mechanism includes hydrogen bonding, coordination, electrostatic interaction. • Quantification of PS MPs and PS NPs from lunch boxes by Py-GC/MS. • The aging effect causing the decomposition of PS MPs into PS NPs. In this study, 1 μm glass fiber membranes were used to enrich polystyrene microplastics (PS MPs), and then hydrophilic iron oxide nanoparticle (n-Fe 3 O 4 ) was used to capture the residual polystyrene nanoplastics (PS NPs), primarily through hydrogen bonding, coordination, and electrostatic interactions. MPs on membranes and NPs captured by n-Fe 3 O 4 were respectively determined by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The method was verified by adding PS MNPs standard to ultrapure water. The detection limit of this method was 0.16 μg/cup for PS MPs and 0.03 μg/cup for PS NPs. The absolute recovery rates of MPs and NPs were 99 ± 2% and 89 ± 3%, respectively. The test results of three batches of PS lunch boxes showed that the content of PS MPs attached on surfaces was 6.79–12.30 μg/box, and the content of PS NPs was 0.51–0.96 μg/box. The migrated PS MPs and PS NPs were 4.71–5.19 μg/box and 1.27–1.40 μg/box respectively.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 13.2
Bingyao Wu,Yingjie Wu,Xinyi Wan,Lianjie Cai,Hao Jiang,Yanjie Hu,Chunzhong Li
Layered oxide cathode materials, such as LiNi 0.83 Co 0.12 Mn 0.05 O 2 (NCM83), often suffer from structural degradation during electrochemical cycling, which leads to capacity fading. Although conventional surface coatings can improve stability, they frequently impede Li + transport over prolonged cycling, reducing rate capability. High-entropy oxides, with their characteristic low Gibbs Free Energy and excellent thermal/structural stability, present a novel strategy for performance enhancement in layered cathode. However, constructing a high-entropy oxide coating on electrode presents challenges, including compositional segregation and inhomogeneity. In this work, we introduce Flame Spray Pyrolysis (FSP) to synthesize homogeneous, highly dispersed (NiMnTiMoCr) 3 O 4 (HEO) nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution. This approach can prevent the destruction of the high-entropy crystal structure and ensure elemental homogeneity; combined with dry ball-milling and solid-state sintering, it facilitated the rapid formation of a dense, nanoscale HEO coating on NCM83. The high-entropy HEO coating synergistically improves electrochemical performance by enhancing Li + kinetics, suppressing the H2-H3 phase transition, and stabilizing the interface. The HEO-coated cathode delivered an initial discharge capacity of 211.4 mAh/g and outstanding long-term stability of 95.66% (0.5C, 100 cycles), compared to 90.05% for NCM83. Post-cycling morphology and spectral analysis further revealed how the HEO coating preserves the cathode's structural integrity. This study not only provides a novel synthetic route for high-entropy oxides but also enables efficient, controllable synthesis of HEO nanoparticles with high scalability potential. It substantiates the promise of the high-entropy coating strategy for enabling the rational design of future high-performance cathodes.
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Separations
·
2026
·Vol. 13
·期 6
·163
·
IF 3.5
Jingyi Wang,Yu Zhang,Lingen Zhang
Spent lithium-ion battery electrolytes contain fluorine-, sulfur-, and phosphorus-bearing toxins, necessitating deep detoxification and directional conversion into C1–C6light hydrocarbons. To elucidate the specific catalytic roles and sequential activation of cathode metals (Li, Ni, Co, Mn), this work systematically deconvolutes their mono- and multi-metallic migration mechanisms over a CaO-ZSM-5* catalyst during vacuum catalytic pyrolysis (530 °C, 100 Pa). Results reveal that Li+and Ni2+dominate C–O bond cleavage in carbonates and CaO-ZSM-5*-assisted decarboxylation and oxygen fixation, significantly increasing the relative hydrocarbon content. Conversely, Co2/3+and Mn4+release reactive oxygen species, causing deep oxidation of hydrocarbons into CO2and antagonizing the targeted conversion. In multi-metallic systems, forming composite metal oxides (MxNyOz) increases the energy barrier for releasing active catalytic ions, hindering carbonate cleavage and leaving unreacted carbonate feedstocks. For detoxification, F and P are effectively immobilized as CaF2and Ca2P2O7. The relative content of detected gas-phase nitriles is minimized to <2% due to the strong antagonistic effect of Ni2+on Li+-promoted hexanedinitrile cleavage, while sulfur species derived from 1,3-propane sultone are converted to SO2and ultimately mineralized as calcium and metal-sulfur salts. Mechanistically, product distributions and crystallographic properties suggest a hypothesized sequential activation model—Li+→ Ni2+→ Mn4+—governing reactivity, whereas Co2/3+does not participate in the synergistic detoxification and selective upgrading process. This migration–reaction coupling framework provides critical insights for cathode-assisted in situ catalytic pyrolysis and closed-loop electrolyte recycling.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2022
·
IF 8.025
Xin Zhang,Hongye Wu,Mao Chen,Zhili Li
Magnetic iron oxide confined in carbon capsules/biochar composite (FeOx@g-BC) was created using in-situ synchronous pyrolysis of alkali lignin as a low-cost carbon source. Characterization results indicated the FeOx was confined in carbon nanotubes and carbon capsules, inhibiting growing of nanoparticles and deactivation. The composite catalyst demonstrated significant activity in activating H 2 O 2 for the degradation of persistent organic pollutants in water over a wide pH range. Particularly, tetracycline (TC) could be completely degraded within 25 min, even at a high pH of 6.8, which performed much better than previously reported Fenton-like catalysts. Moreover, the excellent magnetism of FeOx@g-BC aided in its recovery and reuse. The stability of FeOx@g-BC recycling was also measured by continuous cycles of reactions. According to ESR analysis and free radical quenching studies, OH and 1 O 2 were discovered as the dominant active species governing the degradation of TC, and two pathways of TC degradation were proposed. This study developed a novel heterogeneous catalyst for catalytic degradation of persistent organic contaminants in water by the value-added usage of lignin.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
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2022
·
IF 9.965
Yu-Ping Chen,Lu Zhang,Jiu-Ju Feng,Xin-Sheng Li,Ai-Jun Wang
To achieve commercial applications of green fuel cells and rechargeable metal-air batteries , rational design and synthesis of low-cost, high-efficiency and ultra-stable transition metal-based electrocatalysts are of significant importance for alkaline oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In this work, iron-cobalt (FeCo) nanoparticles-capped carbon nano-tubes/-porous nitrogen-doped honeycombed carbon composite (FeCo-CNTs/NHC-800) is synthesized by a water-regulated and bioinspired one-step pyrolysis method at 800 °C, where l -histidine behaves as the C and N sources combined by working as a chelating agent of Fe/Co. The formation mechanism is discussed by adjusting the pyrolysis temperature and water amount. The resultant FeCo-CNTs/NHC-800 exhibits a positive onset potential ( E onset = 1.091 V) and half-wave potential ( E 1/2 = 0.88 V), showing promising ORR activity, outperforming home-made controls and many lately reported catalysts. The hierarchically porous honeycombed structures have fascinating open porous spaces for fast diffusion of active species, large specific surface area, high conductivity, and stable sites for anchoring FeCo nanoparticles (NPs). Moreover, the N -doped carbon nanotubes coupling with homogeneous FeCo NPs greatly improve the catalytic activity and stability of ORR. This work provides some valuable insights to prepare hierarchical, reliable, and high-efficiency carbon-based ORR catalysts for new energy-correlated devices.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2020
·
IF 4.939
Yuhong Lv,Xingwei Li
Many alloy catalysts have been developed for methanol electro-oxidation, but most synthetic methods are complicated. Herein, PtCo alloy catalysts supported on N-doped carbon sheets (PtCo/NCS) are successfully prepared by a simple pyrolysis of graphene oxide/ZIF-67/H 2 PtCl 6 composites at different temperatures (700, 800, 900 °C) under a gas flow of H 2 /Ar, in which ZIF-67 is served as Co and N sources. SEM, TEM , XRD , XPS and electrochemical characterization are employed to study as-prepared catalysts. In acidic methanol solution, the area-specific activity (1.25 mA cm −2 Pt) of PtCo alloy catalyst obtained at 800 °C (PtCo/NCS-800) is 2.6 times of commercial Pt/C (0.48 mA cm −2 Pt), and the area-specific activity of PtCo/NCS-800 is 3.5 times of Pt/C after 1000 cycles. Furthermore, an improved CO-tolerance of Pt is confirmed. The electronic effect and synergistic effect of metallic elements are responsible for outstanding performance of as-prepared catalysts. This work provides a simple approach to obtain high performance alloy catalysts.
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