Materials Today Communications
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2021
·
IF 3.383
Ruizhe Lian,Jinxing Cao,Xiaohong Jiang,Aleksandr V. Rogachev
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) with attractive antibacterial properties have been widely used in the field of antimicrobial films. In this study, ZnO-NPs, corn-starch (ST), chitosan (CS) as materials and glycerol as plasticizer . To avoid the pungent smell of acetic acid, l -malic acid was used to prepare chitosan solution. The effect of ZnO-NPs incorporated CS/ST films on physicochemical properties, antimicrobial activity and cytocompatibility were investigated. The results showed that the composite films with 6%(w/w) ZnO-NPs, the mass ratio of CS/ST was 1:1, whose TS value reached 19.64 ± 0.75 MPa, possessed the best physicochemical properties comparing to the composite films without ZnO-NPs. Furthermore, the inhibition zone diameters of the composite films with ZnO-NPs against Staphylococcus aureus were 29.36 ± 2.40 mm, 24.90 ± 0.40 mm and 22.00 ± 0.34 mm respectively after 0, 7 and 14 days of sustained release, which was higher than the inhibition zone diameters of the composite films without ZnO-NPs ( p < 0.05). Moreover, cell viability of MC3T3-E1 cells on the surface of the composite films with ZnO-NPs was still 95.63±3.17 % ( p < 0.05), showing excellent cytocompatibility. The overall results of this study pointed out that the CS/ST/ZnO-NPs films have potential application in food packaging industry and medical device packaging industry.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2021
·Vol. 22
·期 14
·7610
·
IF 5.924
Zhenyu Chen,Xiaoning Zhang,Jianwei Liang,Yansong Ji,Yuqing Zhou,Hao Fang
At present, silk fibroin (SF) hydrogel can be prepared by means of electrodeposition at 25 V in direct current (DC) mode. Reducing the applied voltage would provide benefits, including lower fabrication costs, less risk of high voltage shocks, and better stability of devices. Here, a simple but uncommon strategy for SF-based hydrogel preparation using 4 V in DC mode is discussed. SF was mixed and cross-linked with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) through hydrogen bonding, then co-deposited on the graphite electrode. The thickness, mass, and shape of the SF/CMCS hydrogel were easily controlled by adjusting the electrodeposition parameters. Morphological characterization of the prepared hydrogel via SEM revealed a porous network within the fabricated hydrogel. This structure was due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding between SF and CMCS, according to the results of thermogravimetric analysis and rheological measurements. As a potential wound dressing, SF/CMCS hydrogel maintained a suitable moisture environment for wound healing and demonstrated distinct properties in terms of promoting the proliferation of HEK-293 cells and antibacterial activity againstEscherichia coliandStaphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, histological studies were conducted on a full-thickness skin wound in rats covered with the SF/CMCS hydrogel, with results indicating that this hydrogel can promote wound re-epithelization and enhance granulation tissue formation. These results illustrate the feasibility of using the developed strategy for SF-based hydrogel fabrication in practice for wound dressing.Keywords:silk fibroin;carboxymethyl chitosan;electrodeposition;wound dressing
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LANGMUIR
·
2021
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IF 3.882
Yingying Chai,Yuefei Wang,Bingqi Li,Wei Qi,Rongxin Su,Zhimin He
In this work, lignin/chitosan nanoparticles (Lig/Chi NPs) with controlled structures were synthesized in a simple and scalable microfluidic system. When the positively charged chitosan and the negatively charged lignin solution were blended in a microreactor, Lig/Chi NPs were rapidly formed via the electrostatic coassembly between the amino groups of chitosan and the carboxyl groups of lignin. The ζ potential changes from negative (−13 mV) to positive (+54.5 mV) for Lig NPs and Lig/Chi NPs, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results demonstrated that Lig/Chi NPs have an average particle size of about 180 nm, which can be used as nanocarriers for drug delivery. The anticancer drug nanoparticles with docetaxel (DTX) and curcumin (CCM) were prepared by coassembly with Lig/Chi NPs in a microreactor, which had good drug loading efficiency, biocompatibility, and can release drugs in response to pH in the weakly acidic environment of the tumor. The drug release amounts in acidic solutions that simulated the tumor microenvironment were 51% (DTX@Lig/Chi NPs) and 50% (CCM@Lig/Chi NPs), respectively, which were better than the release amounts at pH 7.4, and have an obvious killing effect on HeLa cells.
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International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials
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2021
·
IF 2.604
Tianhui Liu,Mei Lin,Fan Wu,Aizhu Lin,Daoshu Luo,Ziyang Zhang
To achieve biocompatibility and high gene transfection efficiency, developing new cationic polymers with natural functional moieties has been regarded as a promising way. In this work, histidine was grafted on chitosan (CS) to produce CS derivatives (HGCS) for siRNA delivery and the HGCS/siRNA complexes were formed by the self-assembly method. The structures of histidine grafted CS polymers were characterized by FT-IR and XRD. The Acid-base titration assay was used to measure their proton buffering capacities and results indicated HGCS polymers have stronger buffering capacity than unmodified CS. The particle size, zeta potential and the stability of the polymer/siRNA complexes were measured by laser particle size analyzer and gel retardation assay. The cytotoxicity of polymers was determined by MTT assays in RSC96 cells. Moreover, cellular uptake investigation into polymer/siRNA complexes demonstrated that HGCS polymers have efficient siRNA transfection ability in B16F1 cells and HeLa cells. These data suggest HGCS polymers as a hopeful non-viral gene delivery vectors.
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DESALINATION
·
2021
·
IF 9.501
Jiaze Weng,Shiyong Wang,Gang Wang,Peixin Zhang,Bing Lu,Haoliang Wang,Jun Jiang,Changping Li
Capacitive deionization (CDI) has emerged an energy-efficient and operation-simple electrochemical desalination processes among water treatments . Polymeric binder as an important component of CDI electrode is desired to have good adhesion, wettability and stability. In order to reduce the chemical uses and further enhance the CDI performance, we have designed the preparation of the crosslinked chitosan (CS) with glutaraldehyde (GA), and coated it on the activated carbon (AC) electrodes for desalination. By adjusting different GA contents, the CS crosslinked with GA (CS + 3GA) binder with stable three-dimensional (3D) networks were fabricated due to the utilization of tertiary amines (C=N), which exhibited strong adhesive property. Moreover, the CS + 3GA not only possessed good hydrophilicity , but also carried more positive charges that function as ion anion exchange membrane . In the electrosorption tests, an asymmetric CDI system (CS + 3GA//PVDF) was assembled via pairing a composite carbon anode coated with CS + 3GA binder, and a PVDF-bound carbon cathode. The studies demonstrated that CS + 3GA//PVDF cell showed excellent salt adsorption capacity (SAC) of 16.0 mg g −1 over 2 times higher than PVDF//PVDF, and good charge efficiency (CE) of 62.5% at 1.2 V. More importantly, CS + 3GA//PVDF displayed a remarkable regeneration performance that retention rate of 82.8% and approached that of PVDF//PVDF-M (83.2%) over 80 regeneration cycles. In addition, CS + 3GA//PVDF cell could be implemented at 1.4 V for desalination, which showed the unprecedented SAC of 18.4 mg g −1 . The cross-linked and charged CS + 3GA binder coated with the carbon anode possesses the merits of being inexpensive, green and stable, making it a promising candidate for future CDI applications.
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CROP PROTECTION
·
2021
·
IF 2.571
Liupeng Yang,Zixia Song,Chao Li,Suqing Huang,Dongmei Cheng,Zhixiang Zhang
Damage to the growing ears by Spodoptera frugiperda is a major economic burden, therefore, the development of a novel targeted treatment with safe, environmentally friendly, and effective is necessary to control the damage of S. frugiperda in maize ears. In this study, chitosan/sodium alginate hydrogel rings loaded with chlorantraniliprole (CLAP) were prepared by physical embedding and ionic cross-linking method. The CLAP-loaded hydrogel rings were evaluated for their morphology, loading efficiency, encapsulation efficiency, and release kinetics at different pH levels. The efficacy of the CLAP-loaded hydrogel rings and CLAP suspension were evaluated under field conditions for control of S. frugiperda in maize ears, and the distribution and dissipation of CLAP on maize ears were investigated. The results of the two-year trial showed that the insecticidal effects of the CLAP-loaded hydrogel rings treatment were significantly improved contrasted with the use of CLAP suspension, and increased the transfer efficiency of the pesticide from maize bracts to maize kernels. The terminal residues showed that it is safe to use CLAP suspension and CLAP-loaded hydrogel rings on maize ears. This study provides guidance for the use of pesticides to control pests in maize ears in rainfall-rich areas.
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RSC Advances
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2020
·Vol. 10
·期 73
·45171-45179
·
IF 3.119
Huimin Liang,Caizhi Lv,Hanjiao Chen,Lan Wu,Xiandeng Hou
Due to the film-forming ability of polymers, a variety of photocatalytic membranes (PMs) based on polymers easily being separated and reused have been constructed for wastewater contaminant treatment. During their construction processes, chitosan (CS) as a bio-polymer with its distinct merits of abundant resources, low-cost and environmental-friendliness, as well as formability and ease of modification, has attracted great attention. However, the role of CS was mostly believed to be just a support or an adsorbent for fixing or dispersing photocatalysts. Whether CS possessed photocatalytic activity or not still remained vague. Herein, in this work, CS membranes (CSM) were facilely prepared for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC, a model organic pollutant) in aqueous solution, and its photocatalytic performance was investigated and compared with that of CSP (CS powder) and TiO2-P25 (a commercially used photocatalyst). The results showed that the single-phased CSM exhibited a better visible light photocatalytic activity. After visible light irradiation for 60 minutes, the degradation efficiency of TC can reach above 90% when the CSM was used as a photocatalyst, while with the same irradiation time interval, less TC could be degraded over both CSP and TiO2-P25. Through radical scavenging and EPR experiments, ˙O2− and h+ were found to be the main active oxygen species generated in the reaction system for TC degradation. After being washed with 2 wt% NaOH solution, the CSM revealed a good recyclability implying its potential for practical applications. This study would provide a certain theoretical and data basis for the future development of CS-based PMs and photocatalysts.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2020
·
IF 5.162
Xingwei Wang,Fangyuan Cheng,Xuejiao Wang,Tingting Feng,Shuqin Xia,Xiaoming Zhang
In this work, cinnamaldehyde-loaded liposomes decorated with different concentrations of chitosan (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/mL) were prepared and their physical and antibacterial properties were evaluated. The results showed that the physical decoration of chitosan improved the encapsulation efficiency and storage stability of the liposomes. Liposomes decorated with chitosan at the concentration of 0.25 to 4 mg/mL were able to achieve an obvious antibacterial efficiency against Staphylococcus aureus after only 10 min of incubation. The antibacterial efficiency of chitosan-decorated liposomes was still higher than 90% after being stored for 28 d when the chitosan concentration was greater than 1 mg/mL. Besides, increasing the chitosan concentration significantly decreased the minimum inhibitory concentration of the liposomes. The comparison of the antibacterial activities and mechanisms of cinnamaldehyde-loaded liposomes decorated with chitosan at a concentration of 4 mg/mL (CH-CL), cinnamaldehyde-loaded liposomes (CL), cinnamaldehyde, and chitosan revealed that chitosan and cinnamaldehyde exerted a cumulative and synergistic bacteriostatic effect in the liposomes. This led to damage to the cell membrane integrity, causing cell death by inducing leakage of intracellular components. These results can potentially provide guidance for the preparation and application of natural preservatives with rapid and long-term bacteriostatic effects.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry B
·
2020
·Vol. 8
·期 43
·9921-9932
·
IF 5.344
Min Ge,Yaqi Sheng,Shuyue Qi,Lei Cao,Yan Zhang,Jun Yang
Incorporating poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) microparticles into human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) aggregates has shown promising application prospects. However, the acidic degradation products and burst release of PLGA microparticles still need to be ameliorated. In this study, the PLGA/chitosan–heparin (P/C–h) composite microparticles were successfully fabricated by integrating the double emulsion and microfluidic technology through the precise manipulation of the emulsion composition and flow rate of the two-phase in a flow-focusing chip. The P/C–h microparticles were highly monodispersed with a diameter of 23.45 ± 0.25 μm and shell–core structure of the PLGA encapsulated C–h complex, which were suitable for the fabrication of hMSC aggregates. When the mass ratio of PLGA to the C–h complex was optimized to 2 : 1, the pH of the leach liquor of P/C–h microparticles remained neutral. Compared with those of PLGA microparticles, the cytotoxicity and the initial burst release (loaded FGF-2 and VEGF) were both significantly reduced in P/C–h microparticles. Furthermore, the survival, stemness, as well as secretion and migration abilities of cells in hMSC aggregates incorporating P/C–h microparticles were also enhanced. In summary, the P/C–h composite microparticles prepared by the droplet microfluidic technique support the optimal biological and functional profile of the hMSC aggregates, which may facilitate the clinical applications of MSC-based therapy.
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FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
·
2020
·
IF 7.053
Xinhui Zhang,Yintao Li,Mingming Guo,Tony Z. Jin,Saifanassour Ali Arabi,Qiao He,Balarabe B. Ismail,Yaqin Hu,Donghong Liu
Chitosan has attracted much attention for use in antimicrobial food packaging because of its unique antibacterial properties and excellent film-forming ability. However, its poor barrier properties to UV light and high water-solubility limit its application. In this study, modified cellulose nanofiber was incorporated into chitosan films to improve their UV blocking, physical, and antibacterial properties. Modified cellulose nanofiber was obtained by grafting curcumin to 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose. Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results indicated that cellulose was successfully modified. Bio-nanocomposite films composed of chitosan (67–100 wt %) and curcumin grafted TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber (CGTOCNF, 0–33 wt %) were prepared using the casting method. Scanning electron microscopy images and X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the addition of CGTOCNF noticeably affected the morphology of the composite films, with the crystallinity significantly increasing from 21.93% to 87.15%. Moreover, CGTOCNF incorporation improved the oxidation resistance and UV blocking properties of the composite films compared to pure chitosan films. It is also worth mentioning that all of the composite films have excellent antibacterial activity with CGTOCNF partially replacing chitosan. Furthermore, the water solubility of films decreased with the incorporation of CGTOCNF. However, this study demonstrated that incorporation of CGTOCNF at concentrations greater than 10% resulted in a slight decrease in the water vapor barrier properties and mechanical strength of chitosan films. The findings in this work indicate that the addition of 10% CGTOCNF to chitosan films enhances their physical and antibacterial properties, thus increasing their potential for use in food packaging.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 56
·期 1
·706-717
·
IF 3.553
Wen Jing,Liao Jianguo,Ying Qiwei,Li Hang,Mao Yanrui,Han Suyan,Zhu Yu
Ideal inorganic bone cement used for bone repair should have high strength, and the speed of degradation should match the formation rate of new bone tissue. Magnesium oxychloride cement has excellent mechanical properties and non-toxicity to bone marrow stromal cells; however, its application has been hindered by its poor water resistance. In this study, the high-degradation material chitosan (CS) was added to magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC). The compressive strength, mass loss, ion release, and pH value of the composite MOC were analyzed and scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were conducted. The compressive strength was 45.4 ± 5.3 MPa in cements with 0.5-wt% CS and 2-wt% KH 2 PO 4 soaked in SBF for 28 d, and the degradation rate reached 12.67 ± 0.5%. SEM observations showed good apatite formation of the surfaces of the MOC with 2-wt% KH 2 PO 4 and with 0.5-wt% CS and 2-wt% KH 2 PO 4 . The results indicate that the modified MOC possesses good mechanical properties, degradation rate and biological properties. Therefore, it is a promising material for degradable bone filling.
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Polymers
·
2020
·Vol. 12
·期 10
·2268
·
IF 3.426
Song Feng,Junqin Wang,Lihua Zhang,Qin Chen,Wang Yue,Ni Ke,Haibo Xie
Currently, controlled release formulations (CRFs) of pesticides in response to biotic and/or abiotic stimuli have shown great potential for providing “on-demand” smart release of loaded active ingredients. In this study, amphiphilic biopolymers were prepared by introducing hydrophobic (7-diethylaminocoumarin-4-yl)methyl succinate (DEACMS) onto the main chain of hydrophilic carboxymethylchitosan (CMCS) via the formation of amide bonds which were able to self-assemble into spherical micelles in aqueous media and were utilized as light-responsive nanocarriers for the controlled release of pesticides. FTIR and NMR characterizations confirmed the successful synthesis of the CMCS-DEACMS conjugate. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) decreased with the increase in the substitution of DEACMS on CMCS, which ranged from 0.013 to 0.042 mg/mL. Upon irradiation under simulated sunlight, the hydrodynamic diameter, morphology, photophysical properties and photolysis were researched by means of dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. Moreover, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was used as a model pesticide and encapsulated into the CMCS-DEACMS micelles. In these micelle formulations, the release of 2,4-D was promoted upon simulated sunlight irradiation, during which the coumarin moieties were cleaved from the CMCS backbone, resulting in a shift of the hydrophilic–hydrophobic balance and destabilization of the micelles. Additionally, bioassay studies suggested that this 2,4-D contained which micelles showed good bioactivity on the target plant without harming the nontarget plant. Thereby, the light-responsive CMCS-DEACMS micelles bearing photocleavable coumarin moieties provide a smart delivery platform for agrochemicals.Keywords:carboxymethyl chitosan micelles;light-responsive;coumarin;2,4-D;controlled release;pesticide
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