Chinese Physics B
·
2018
·Vol. 27
·期 4
·047211
·
IF 1.321
Chengyan Liu,Lei Miao,Xiaoyang Wang,Shaohai Wu,Yanyan Zheng,Ziyang Deng,Yulian Chen,Guiwen Wang,Xiaoyuan Zhou
Thermoelectric selenides have attracted more and more attentions recently. Herein, p-type SnSe polycrystalline bulk materials with good thermoelectric properties are presented. By using the SnSe2 nanostructures synthesized via a wet-chemistry route as the precursor, polycrystalline SnSe bulk materials were successfully obtained by a combined heat-treating process under reducing atmosphere and following spark plasma sintering procedure. As a reference, the SnSe nanostructures synthesized via a wet-chemistry route were also fabricated into polycrystalline bulk materials through the same process. The thermoelectric properties of the SnSe polycrystalline transformed from SnSe2 nanostructures indicate that the increasing of heattreating temperature could effectively decrease the electrical resistivity, whereas the decrease in Seebeck coefficient is nearly invisible. As a result, the maximum power factor is enhanced from 5.06\times {10}^{-4}\,{\rm{W}}/{\rm{m}}\cdot {{\rm{K}}}^{2} to 8.08\times {10}^{-4}\,{\rm{W}}/{\rm{m}}\cdot {{\rm{K}}}^{2} at 612 °C. On the other hand, the reference sample, which was obtained by using SnSe nanostructures as the precursor, displays very poor power factor of only 1.30\times {10}^{-4}\,{\rm{W}}/{\rm{m}}\cdot {{\rm{K}}}^{2} at 537 °C. The x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray fluorescence (XRF), and Hall effect characterizations suggest that the anisotropic crystal growth and existing Sn vacancy might be responsible for the enhanced electrical transport in the polycrystalline SnSe prepared by using SnSe2 precursor. On the other hand, the impact of heat-treating temperature on thermal conductivity is not obvious. Owing to the boosting of power factor, a high zT value of 1.07 at 612 °C is achieved. This study provides a new method to synthesize polycrystalline SnSe and pave a way to improve the thermoelectric properties of polycrystalline bulk materials with similar layered structure.
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RSC Advances
·
2015
·Vol. 5
·期 114
·94351-94360
·
IF 3.84
Rina Sa,Yan Yan,Lei Wang,Yuan Li,Liqun Zhang,Nanying Ning,Wencai Wang,Ming Tian
In this research, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation induced graft polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was performed to modify the surface properties of poly-p-phenyleneterephthamide (PPTA) fibers. The improvement of adhesion with a rubber matrix was achieved due to the introduction of epoxy groups. The successful grafting of GMA on the PPTA fiber surface was ascertained by characterization using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The tensile properties of PPTA fibers after each stage of surface modification were determined by tensile testing of single-filaments. A single-fiber pull-out test was applied to evaluate the adhesion of PPTA fibers with the rubber matrix. The pull-out force of grafted PPTA fibers exceeded that of the pristine fibers by 53.7%. Resorcinol–formaldehyde–latex (RFL) dipping was applied to further improve the adhesion properties. As a result, the fibers with GMA grafting followed by RFL dipping exhibited a 80.8% improvement compared with the pristine fibers and achieved much higher adhesion strength with rubber matrix, compared to the PPTA fibers modified with conventional industrial method of isocyanate (NCO) and RFL two bath dipping.
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DALTON TRANSACTIONS
·
2014
·Vol. 43
·期 48
·18056-18065
·
IF 4.097
Wei Guo,Chunyu Yang,Huiming Lin,Fengyu Qu
The Fe3O4@mSiO2 nanocarrier that consisted of a magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticle core and a mesoporous silica (mSiO2) shell was synthesized. It shows a uniform sphere morphology about 65 nm in diameter. Considering the magnetic hyperthermia of Fe3O4 under an alternating magnetic field (AMF), a thermo-sensitive polymer, poly[(ethylene glycol)-co-(L-lactide)] (P(EO-co-LLA)), was used as “gatekeeper” coating outside Fe3O4@mSiO2 to regulate the drug release behavior. The design of the nanocarrier was expected to block off the pores at low temperature and to reopen them at high temperature reversibly. The obtained hybrid nanocomposites were capable of loading the anti-cancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and controlled drug release behavior trigged by the hyperthermia of Fe3O4 under AMF. Besides, the nanocarriers also show pH-sensitive drug release based on the slight differences between the tumor (weakly acid) and the normal tissue (weakly alkaline). What's more, the chemotherapy of DOX combined with magnetic hyperthermia can improve the cytotoxicity obviously. On the basis of the high stability and excellent controlled release performance, the multifunctional nanocarriers exhibit potential applications in targeted-control drug release and hyperthermia for cancer treatment.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2014
·Vol. 131
·期 17
·
IF 1.64
Fang Ping Wang,Jun Ying Zhang,Hu Po Mu,Wan Xia Li,Ting Yuan,Xin Zhen Du
A pH-sensitive hydrogel [P(CE- co -DMAEMA- co -MEG)] was synthesized by the free-radical crosslinking polymerization of N,N -dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate(MPEG-Mac) and methoxyl poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(caprolactone)-methacryloyl methchloride (PCE-Mac). The effects of pH and monomer content on swelling property, swelling and deswelling kinetics of the hydrogels were examined and hydrogel microstructures were investigated by SEM. Sodium salicylate was chosen as a model drug and the controlled-release properties of hydrogels were pilot studied. The results indicated that the swelling ratios of the gels in stimulated gastric fluids (SGF, pH = 1.4) were higher than those in stimulated intestinal fluids (SIF, pH = 7.4), and followed a non-Fickian and a Fickian diffusion mechanism, respectively. In vitro release studies showed that its release rate depends on different swelling of the network as a function of the environmental pH and DMAEMA content. SEM micrographs showed homogenous pore structure of the hydrogel with open pores at pH 1.4. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131 , 40737.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2015
·
IF 3.091
Jing Zhang,Yao Wu,Liping Liu,Yeqing Lan
The degradation of p -chloronitrobenzene ( p CNB) in different systems including ozone alone, ozone together with zero-valent zinc (Zn(0)) and Zn(0) bubbled with air instead of ozone was investigated. The results demonstrated that the degradation of p CNB by ozone alone was weak. However, the coexistence of Zn(0) and ozone exhibited a significantly synergistic role in p CNB degradation and approximately 98% of the initial p CNB (10 mg/L) was removed within 18 min. The degradation efficiency of p CNB was related to Zn(0) dosage and ozone flow amount, and the optimum conditions were 0.5 g/L and 4.8 mg/min, respectively. p CNB could be effectively degraded in the initial pH range of 4–10, but a higher or a lower pH was not beneficial to the removal of p CNB. Accompanying anions also affected p CNB degradation. Chloride and sulfate slightly improved p CNB degradation, whereas bicarbonate and phosphate markedly suppressed the degradation of p CNB. The reuse of Zn(0) (4 cycles) for p CNB ozonation indicated that the catalytic activity of Zn(0) maintained high and stable. The experiments of free radical scavengers ( tert -butyl alcohol and p -benzoquinone) corroborated the dominant active species responsible for p CNB degradation by a combination of ozone with Zn(0) was O 2 − rather than OH. Based on the results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that ozone activated by Zn(0) is an effective and promising approach to degrade organic contaminants.
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RSC Advances
·
2015
·Vol. 5
·期 43
·33938-33945
·
IF 3.84
Chunbo Liu,Ping Li,Guoling Wu,Bifu Luo,Shuang Lin,Ao Ren,Weidong Shi
In our study, a new visible-light-driven photocatalyst Cu2O/SrTiO3 (C/S) heterojunction was firstly prepared by a simple, facile and effective deposition–precipitation technique. The particle size of the Cu2O nanoparticle is only about 5 nm and the SrTiO3 (STO) nanocube is about 50 nm when modified by Cu2O nanoparticles. The samples are used as photocatalysts for photodegrading tetracycline (TC) under visible light irradiation. The 9-Cu2O/SrTiO3 (9-C/S) sample heterojunction shows the highest TC degradation ratio (77.65%), which is caused by the photogenerated electrons of the Cu2O nanoparticles moving from the conduction band of Cu2O to that of SrTiO3, resulting in the separation of electrons and holes. This study not only shows a possibility for substituting noble metals with low-cost Cu2O nanoparticles in photocatalytic degradation but also exhibits a facile deposition–precipitation technique for synthesizing narrow/wide band gap photocatalysts.
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BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
·
2016
·
IF 7.476
Chunlei Yang,Xiu Wang,Lei Shen,Wenping Deng,Haiyun Liu,Shenguang Ge,Mei Yan,Xianrang Song
A highly sensitive and selective turn on fluorescent probe P-acid-aldehyde (P-CHO) is developed for the determination of cysteine (Cys) and homocysteine (Hcy). The probe is designed and synthesized by incorporating the specific functional group aldehyde group for thiols into a stable π-conjugated material 4,4′-(2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-phenylene) bis(ethyne-2,1-diyl) dibenzoic acid (P-acid). The probe fluorescence is quenched through donor photoinduced electron transfer (d-PET) between the fluorophore (P-acid) and the recognition group (aldehyde group). In the presence of thiols, Cys and Hcy can selectively react with aldehyde group of the probe because the inhibition of d-PET between fluorophore and recognition group. Therefore, a turn-on fluorescent sensor was established for the fluorescence recovery. Under the optimized conditions, the fluorescence response of probe is directly proportional to the concentration of Cys in the range of 4–95 nM L −1 , with a detection limit 3.0 nM. In addition, the sensing system exhibits good selectively toward Cys and Hcy in the presence of other amino acids . It has been successfully applied for bioimaging of Cys and Hcy in living cells with low cell toxicity.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2014
·
IF 2.726
Peng Zheng,Haijun Wu,Jialin Guo,Jianhui Dong,Suping Jia,Zhenping Zhu
Doping nitrogen in TiO 2 crystals is a simple and effective approach to extend the absorption spectrum of TiO 2 to visible light range, but it leads to a serious decline in charge transfer and total loss of the catalytic ability for overall water splitting. Here, TiO 2 was co-doped with phosphorus and nitrogen by high temperature method and found the sample of P–N–TiO 2 -I could realize overall water splitting under visible light while the samples of P–N–TiO 2 -II, P–N–TiO 2 -III and N–TiO 2 cannot do it. The structures of the photocatalysts were described by various analytical techniques. Through XRD and HRTEM, lots of long-range defect such as twins and dislocations could be clearly observed for P–N–TiO 2 -II, P–N–TiO 2 -III and N–TiO 2 . But for P–N–TiO 2 -I, the long-range defect was decreased drastically. We proposed that because of various sizes and bonding modes of N, O, P and Ti, proper mole ratios of P to N replace Ti and O respectively can reduce the long-range defect, as that of P–N–TiO 2 -I. Furthermore, this co-doping effect results in a significant improvement in the separation of photo-excited electrons and holes and enables the nitrogen-doping TiO 2 to catalyze the overall splitting of water into molecular hydrogen and oxygen under visible light irradiation, in the absence of sacrificial agents. These observations might arouse new strategies to mend the hybrid-atom-doping-induced structural damage in semiconductor crystals and to modulate their functional properties.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2014
·
IF 4.086
Huanmei Ma,Jianhua Tian,Shuming Bai,Xiaodong Liu,Zhongqiang Shan
In this paper, Pt-Ru/Ni-P/FTO has been designed and fabricated as the counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells. The Pt-Ru catalytic layer and Ni-P alloy sublayer are prepared by traditional electrodeposition method and a simple electroless plating method, respectively, and the preparation conditions have been optimized. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the Pt-Ru particles are evenly distributed on FTO and Ni-P/FTO substrate. By X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), it is confirmed that the Ni-P amorphous alloy has been formed, and no other compounds involved Ni and P have been formed. The electrochemical measurement results reveal that the Pt-Ru electrode has higher catalytic activity and stability towards tri-iodine reduction reaction than Pt electrode in the organic medium. The Ni-P sublayer deposited on FTO glasses increases the conductivity and light-reflection ability of the counter electrode, and this contributes to lowering the inner resistance of the cell and improving the light utilization efficiency. Through the photovoltaic test, it is confirmed that the energy conversion efficiency of a single DSSC with the optimized Pt-Ru/Ni-P/FTO counter electrode is increased by 29% compared with that of the cell based on the Pt/FTO counter electrode under the same conditions.
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Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers
·
2017
·
IF 4.217
Qun-Zeng Huang,Ji-Chao Wang,Li-Qun Ye,Qian Zhang,Hong-Chang Yao,Zhong-Jun Li
The construction of p–n heterojunction is an efficient strategy to restrain photogenerated charge carriers recombination and enhance the photocatalytic efficiency toward H 2 evolution from water splitting. Herein a novel p–n heterojunction Mn 0.25 Cd 0.75 S/Co 3 O 4 was synthesized via facile hydrothermal method. Photocatalytic H 2 evolution of as-synthesized Mn 0.25 Cd 0.75 S/Co 3 O 4 composites in the absence of noble metal co-catalysts under visible light irradiation ( λ ≥ 400 nm) was investigated. The results demonstrated that photocatalytic H 2 evolution of Mn 0.25 Cd 0.75 S was significantly enhanced by loading Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles . It was confirmed that 0.48 wt% of Co 3 O 4 loading content achieved the highest H 2 evolution rate of 25.71 mmol/g/h, which was about 5.35 times higher than that of pure Mn 0.25 Cd 0.75 S. The remarkably improved photocatalytic activity could be attributed to the formation of the p–n junction at the interface between Mn 0.25 Cd 0.75 S and Co 3 O 4 , effectively promoting interfacial charge transfer and separation. This work revealed that the p–n heterojunction Mn 0.25 Cd 0.75 S/Co 3 O 4 may be a promising candidate for efficient energy conversion.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2016
·
IF 5.31
Huajun Feng,Yanfeng Wang,Xueqin Zhang,Dongsheng Shen,Na Li,Wei Chen,Bin Huang,Yuxiang Liang,Yuyang Zhou
Biodegradation of p -fluoronitrobenzene ( p -FNB) regardless of effective p -FNB removal in a bioelectrochemical system (BES) was achieved for the first time in a biological system (BS). p -FNB degradation showed different kinetics, pathways, and microbial community evolutions in the two systems. About 36 d were required before 100% p -FNB removal in the BS p -FNB , while only 18 d were required in the BES p -FNB . Moreover, the reaction rate constant for p -FNB removal in the BES p -FNB was 1.625 times that in the BS p -FNB . The reduction of nitro groups was the key step for p -FNB removal in the BES p -FNB . However, defluorination was the first step for direct biodegradation of p -FNB in the BS p -FNB . Microbial community analysis showed that the dominant bacteria in the BES p -FNB (20.8% Anaerolineae, 15.9% Flavobacteriia, and 14.8% α-proteobacteria) differed greatly from those in the BS p -FNB (32.8% Flavobacteriia, 24.1% Clostridia and 19.2% Ignavibacteria). In the BS p -FNB , some aerobic microorganisms responsible for direct p -FNB biodegradation were enriched, while p -FA-degrading microorganisms were dominant in the BES p -FNB .
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BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
·
2016
·
IF 7.476
Long Yang,Xiaoguang Xie,Le Cai,Xin Ran,Yucong Li,Tianpeng Yin,Hui Zhao,Can-Peng Li
This work reports a novel method for the determination of aconitine through the competitive host–guest interaction between p-sulfonated calix[8]arene (SCX8) and signal probe/target molecules by using SCX8 functionalized reduced graphene oxide (SCX8-RGO) as a receptor. Three dyes (ST, RhB , BRB) and aconitine were selected as the probe and target molecules, respectively. The formation of SCX8-RGO·ST, SCX8-RGO·RhB, and SCX8-RGO·BRB complexes greatly decreases the fluorescence emission of ST, RhB , and BRB. The aconitine/SCX8 complex possesses a higher binding constant than ST/SCX8, RhB/SCX8, and BRB/SCX8 complexes, thus the dye in the SCX8 cavity can be replaced by aconitine to revert the fluorescence emission of SCX8-RGO·dye, leading to a “switch–on” fluorescence response. The fluorescence intensity of SCX8-RGO·ST, SCX8-RGO·RhB, and SCX8-RGO·BRB complexes increased linearly with increasing concentration of aconitine ranging from 1.0 to 14.0 μM, 2.0–16.0 μM, and 1.0–16.0 μM, respectively. Based on the competitive host–guest interaction, the proposed detection method for aconitine showed detection limits of 0.28 μM, 0.60 μM, and 0.37 μM, respectively, and was successfully applied for the determination of aconitine in human serum samples with good recoveries from 95.1% to 104.8%. The proposed method showed high selectivity for aconitine beyond competitive binding analytes . In addition, the inclusion complex of the SCX8/aconitine was studied by the molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation , which indicated that the phenyl ester group of the aconitine molecule was included into the SCX8 cavity.
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