JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Dingkai Wang,Mingyu Cui,Wei Zhao,Jin Zhang,Meiling Liu,Shanglong Chen,Xutang Liu,Yanjun Li,Shangshang Ma,Xian-Yong Wei
Lignin, the most abundant renewable resource of aromatics in nature, is recognized as an alternative to fossil-based fuels and chemicals. In this study, a phosphomolybdic acid-ionic liquid (PMA-IL) [BSHMIM]H2PMo12O40 was synthesized and used as a catalyst for further oxidative depolymerization of extracted lignin to prepare valuable chemicals. Under optimized conditions, the conversion of lignin reached 61.33%, and the total yield of target products (vanillin, vanillic acid, and methyl vanillate) was 28.00 mg·g–1, where the selectivity of methyl vanillate reached 56.43%. The liquid products and residues obtained under the optimum conditions were analyzed, further confirming the advantages of PMA-IL compared with single PMA. In addition, this method also has an excellent catalytic effect for other types of lignin and presents a good substrate applicability. Finally, based on the research results of model compounds, the possible reaction pathway of the formation of vanillin, vanillic acid, and methyl vanillate was proposed.
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高影响因子
Green Energy & Environment
·
2025
·
IF 14.6
Wen Zhao,Qun Yu,Bingqing Wei,Lei Nie,Fabio Souza Toniolo,Zhenglong Li
Although current methods enable lignin extraction and depolymerization, the selective hydrogenolysis of lignin into alkene-functionalized monomers remains a significant scientific challenge. These monomers can be further functionalized into diverse natural products or pharmaceutical intermediates, thereby enabling higher-value utilization of biomass resources. Here, we report a catalyst with low Pd loading (0.4 wt%) supported on ZnO-modified carbon nanotubes (Pd/ZnNC) for the selective catalytic hydrogenolysis of the dimer β-O-4 lignin model compound (veratrylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether, VG) via distinct reaction pathways. The Pd/ZnNC catalyst achieves a selectivity of 37.5% toward alkene-functionalized monomers (1,2-dimethoxy-4-allylbenzene and 1,2-dimethoxy-4-propenylbenzene), approaching 75% of the theoretical maximum selectivity (50%). In contrast, the Pd/CNT catalyst predominantly produces 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanol, and excessive side-chain saturation of monomers are not conducive to subsequent utilization processes. Moreover, the Pd/ZnNC catalyst achieves a conversion rate seven-fold higher than that of commercial catalysts Pd/C (5 wt%). Experimental characterization results demonstrate that the ZnO sites on carbon nanotubes facilitate the dispersion of Pd nanoparticles, resulting in a reduction in particle size. Furthermore, the synergistic effect between ZnO and Pd active sites promotes the selective catalytic formation of monomers containing unsaturated C=C bonds. The DFT calculations reveal that the Cγ-OH elimination is facilitated by Pd nanoparticles supported on ZnO, which reduces the reaction energy barrier and promotes the generation of propenyl-substituted monomers. The pathway enabled by Pd/ZnNC catalyst offers a great potential for lignin depolymerization into high-value products.
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POLYMER
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Zhihao Du,Xiaoqiu Zhong,Jianhui Qiu,Longxiang Zhu
With the rapid development of new electronic technologies, flexible electronic devices based on conductive gels have emerged and are widely used in wearable electronic devices, electronic skins, electronic fabrics and other fields. However, traditional deep eutectic solvent polymer (PDES) gels face many problems in terms of mechanical strength and conductive properties. In this study, hemicellulose-lignin complex (HLC) extracted from straw was used as a physical cross-linker (additive) to prepare polymethacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride-Glycerol (PDMC-Gly) gel. With the addition of 2 wt% HLC, the tensile strength and elastic modulus of HLC/PDMC-Gly gel were 846.2 kPa and 290.0 kPa respectively, both of which were significantly higher than pure PDMC-Gly gel. The introduced HLC with lignin benzene ring structure units gave the gel excellent light transmittance and ultraviolet blocking properties. In addition, the incorporation of HLC reconstructed the hydrogen bonding network within the gel, resulting in the release of free Cl − ions. Consequently, the ionic conductivity of gels was significantly enhanced, reaching of 1.61 × 10 3 mS/cm. This gel has excellent sensing sensitivity, humidity responsiveness and thermal stability, and has potential application prospects in the fields of real-time human body detection, environmental detection and fire early warning.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
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IF 9.7
Weisheng Yang,Shu Feng,Danning Wang,Shuzhen Ni,Yihui Zhou,Chaozheng Liu,Wangwang Xu,Jiantao Li,Huiyang Bian,Shaohua Jiang,Huining Xiao,Hongqi Dai,Jingquan Han
Graphene oxide (GO)-based energy storage faces dual bottlenecks: unsustainable reduction methods and sluggish proton transfer kinetics. Here, we introduce a groundbreaking green strategy using lignin-derived vanillyl alcohol (VA) as a dual-function monomer to simultaneously address these challenges. By thermally annealing GO/VA films at mild temperatures (<100 °C), VA triggers an interface-confined reduction of GO while self-polymerizing into redox-active oligomers (P-VA) that intercalate between graphene layers. This dual role-reducing agent and proton highway enables a 3D conductive network with minimized graphene restacking, abundant redox sites, and rapid H + transport pathways. Density Functional Theory (DFT) reveals how P-VA optimizes proton dynamics, while the resulting rGO-P-VA4-T90 electrode achieves a record volumetric capacitance of 311.1F/cm 3 (777.8F/cm 2 ) and retains 87.8 % capacity after 10,000 cycles. Flexible solid-state supercapacitors deliver 94.2 μWh/cm 2 energy density at 63.8 μW/cm 2 , rivaling state-of-the-art devices. This work redefines sustainable graphene engineering, merging biomass valorization with high-performance energy storage in a scalable, eco-friendly paradigm.
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高影响因子
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
·
2025
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IF 7.3
Longhai Yi,Sheng Dai,Ajiao Zhao,Hua Qiu,Kunlin Chen
Textiles often subjected to a variety of challenging environments during outdoor use. To improve the performance and lifespan of textiles, this study presents the development of a flexible fabric coating based on waterborne multi-branched sulfonated lignin-based amphiphilic polyurethane. The coating incorporates a specially designed perfluorinated alcohol chain extender, along with choline phosphate glycol and biomass material lignin as additional chain extenders integrated into the polyurethane side chains. The introduction of polyethylene glycol with varying molecular weights was conducted to explore how polymerization degree of the hydrophilic soft segment in polyurethane influences the coating's waterproof and moisture-permeable properties. The findings indicated that incorporating polyethylene glycol-1000 as the soft segment could effectively balance the hydrophobic and breathable moisture-permeable properties of the coating. The effect of sulfonated lignin content on the UV resistance of the coating was further investigated. At a sulfonated lignin content reached 6 wt%, the coated fabric demonstrated exceptional UV shielding capabilities. Moreover, due to the amphoteric ionic side chain and terminated sulfonated lignin of polyurethane, the fabric coating exhibited excellent antibacterial properties, with an inhibition rate exceeding 99.9 % against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . This fabric coating is suitable for use in outdoor clothing, protective gear, outdoor tents, and other fields.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
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IF 8.5
Wenfeng Li,Zhengtao Wei,Siquan Wu,Xuliang Lin
In sustainable materials engineering, designing rational and ecologically compatible ultraviolet (UV) protective materials to improve the efficiency of light protection is a major challenge. Sodium lignosulfonate (SL), a renewable biomass derivative possessing inherent UV-blocking and antioxidant properties, has been utilized as a foundational component in this research. Through one-pot synthesis approach, a light-colored sodium lignosulfonate zinc oxide composite (ZnO@SL) was successfully fabricated. The effective incorporation of ZnO within the SL matrix through systematic experimental characterization, while the preservation of the hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure was concurrently preserved. Superior broadband UV attenuation is observed in the nanocomposite compared to pristine ZnO and SL through UV–visible spectroscopy and in vitro SPF evaluation. Through the complementary mechanisms combining physical scattering and chemical absorption, the excellent photoprotection enhancement is achieved, particularly when integrated with chemical sunscreens octocrylene (Oct) and avobenzone (Avo). The SPF value increases from 8.9 to 98.41 at a 2 wt% composite loading. The preserved π-conjugated system and oxygen-rich functional groups in SL are identified to facilitates charge transfer interactions with organic UV filters. This innovative engineering strategy establishes ZnO@SL as a dual-functional additive for the development of high-performance bio-based photoprotective formulations, offering enhanced light protection while reduced environmental impact.
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高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2022
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IF 6.449
Conghua Yi,Qinghe Xu,Dongjie Yang,Miao Wang
In this work, we developed a novel technique to prepare pH-responsive charge reversal nanospheres based on softwood kraft lignin (SKL) through two steps modification and high efficient self-assembly. SKL was first grafted with imidazole groups by Mannich reaction and further fabricated into acetylated histidine-modified lignin (Ace-SKL-HIS) via acetylation reaction. Ace-SKL-HIS nanospheres (Ace-SKL-HIS NPs) were prepared by fast vacuum evaporation method, their effective diameters (ED) were around 100 nm, exhibited low Polydispersity Index(PDI, <0.2) and good shape. Ace-SKL-HIS NPs demostrated excellent pH response performance with charge reversal under acidic environment. Then, curcumin was applied as a model drug to prepare drug-loaded nanospheres ( [email protected] ). The drug loading degree (DL%) and encapsulation efficiency (EE%) were 22.34 % and 70.76 %, respectively. The in vitro release behavior of curcumin exhibited excellent pH dependent release property, 76.82 % release at pH 5.7 while only 12.92 % at pH 7.4 in 120 h. Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity studies showed that [email protected] had potent anti-tumor effect, with IC 50 of 28.16 μg/ mL. This study constructed a promising nanocarrier platform for cancer drug delivery, which paved a new way to the high value-added application of lignin.
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Materials Today Chemistry
·
2025
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IF 6.7
Meng Xie,Junyu Chen,Xinjian Cheng,Yufan Wu,Chuanqi Yin
People are placing growing emphasis on sustainable development and environmental protection. Lignin, being the second most abundant biological polymer, holds significant potential for diverse applications. This study modifies and uses lignin as starting material for further applications. The esterification reactions are employed to destroy its hydroxyl groups, making it oil-soluble. Diels-Alder (DA) reactions are used to prepare lignin-based macro-monomers for RAFT polymerization. Meanwhile, this material reacted with the synthesized amine-containing thiolipid compounds with 4-bromo-1,8-naphthalenedicarboxylic anhydride. Then, 1-(2-pyridyl) piperazine replaced the -Br of the naphthalimide to prepare small molecules functioning as both a fluorescence probe and a RAFT reagent. Subsequently, lignin and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) were incorporated into the polymer via RAFT polymerization. By utilizing polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a binder, the hydroxyl and epoxy groups underwent ring-opening reactions, leading to a lignin-based porous cross-linked network fluorescent film. The fluorescent film exhibits high sensitivity, and specific recognition toward 4-Nitrophenol (4-NP), with a detection limit as low as 0.28 μM. Notably, this research indicates that the film's adsorption capacity for 4-NP reaches 112.4 μg/cm 2 , demonstrating excellent separation performance. The application scope of lignin was enlarged, and it could find more actual usage in the future.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2025
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IF 7.3
Xinyi Hui,Cheng Zuo,Jiyun Qi,Jialong Wen,Tong-Qi Yuan
Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) Pickering emulsions offer an attractive alternative to traditional oil–water emulsions (e.g., W/O, O/W, and O/W/O) for cosmetics, food processing, biotechnology, and particularly drug delivery. However, their scope of application is hindered by instability and toxicity concerns. Thus, developing a safe, oil-free, and long-term stable water-in-water (W/W) Pickering emulsion based on ATPS remains a critical challenge. Herein, we innovatively developed a safe, oil-free, long-term stable water-in-water (W/W) Pickering emulsion stabilized by green bamboo-derived hydrophobic lignin-containing cellulose nanofibers (H-LCNFs) for drug delivery applications. Hydrophobic H-LCNFs were prepared from bamboo via deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment coupled with facile hydrophobization and employed to stabilize dextran (Dex)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) ATPS-based W/W emulsions. Systematic investigation of PEG/Dex composition, H-LCNF concentration (0.1–0.5 wt %), and pH revealed that 0.3 wt % H-LCNF conferred exceptional long-term stability (negligible droplet size change over 7 days) through electrostatic repulsion under pH 7–9, while elevated pH enhanced electrostatic repulsion, imparting significant pH responsiveness. Crucially, this system achieved resveratrol (RSV) encapsulation efficiency (62.11% to 95.6%) and retention rate (59.84% to 89.18%) surpassing the current level for hydrophobic drug delivery. Overall, this green, nontoxic ATPS stabilization strategy unlocks high-value lignocellulosic biomass utilization and provides a reference value for the research field of drug delivery.
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Chemosensors
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 12
·434
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IF 3.7
Wenchen Li,Weiying Lu
Chrysanthemum, a traditional medicinal and edible plant, possesses diverse health-promoting properties attributed to its rich profile of bioactive compounds. However, the intrinsic quality, influenced by the composition of fundamental components like starch and lignin, varies significantly across different cultivars and origins. This study establishes a comprehensive phytochemical profile of 12 representative Chinese chrysanthemum cultivars by systematically quantifying their starch and lignin contents. Furthermore, it develops and validates a novel, low-cost rapid detection method for starch utilizing smartphone-based colorimetry. The starch content, determined by a colorimetric anthrone-sulfuric acid assay, ranged from 2.68 to 18.69 g/100 g, while the lignin content, measured via the acetyl bromide digestion followed by UV spectrophotometry at 280 nm, varied from 4.21 to 13.63 g/100 g, revealing substantial inter-cultivar differences. For starch analysis, a low-cost, immediate, general-purpose, and high-throughput (LIGHt) smartphone-based colorimetry was implemented. Standard curves constructed from both absorbance and the LIGHt assay demonstrated excellent linearity (R2> 0.99). The method’s performance was evaluated under different lighting conditions and across various smartphone models. The UV spectrophotometry condenses lignin quantification to a single 30-min digestion–reading cycle, bypassing the two-day Klason protocol and increases efficiency greatly. The work successfully provides a foundational component analysis and validates a portable, high-throughput framework for on-site quality control of plant-based products, demonstrating the strong potential of smartphone-based colorimetry for rapid starch detection and a complementary laboratory-scale lignin assay.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 9.642
Leping Zhang,Weiwei Zhang,Fenglun Zhang,Jianxin Jiang
Camellia oleifera shell (COS), a by-product of processing woody vegetable oil, is rich in hemicellulose and lignin. In this study, we investigated the effects of acid concentration, pretreatment temperature and reaction time on the concentration and yield of xylo -oligosaccharides (XOS) and the degree of polymerization (DP) distribution of XOS when pretreating COS with malic acid (MA). Under moderate condition (2 M MA, 120 ℃, 30 min), the maximum yield of XOS with DP 2–4 was 48.78% (based on the initial xylan) with low xylose, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and furfural, in which xylobiose (X 2 ), xylotriose (X 3 ) and xylotraose (X 4 ) concentrations were 5.22 g/L, 2.75 g/L and 2.91 g/L, respectively. In addition, acid-insoluble lignin (AIL) in the residue after MA pretreatment and milling wood lignin (MWL) were mainly composed of guaiacyl and syringyl. AIL has higher thermal stability than MWL, which can be the stabilizer for producing flame-resistant materials.
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Bioresource Technology Reports
·
2020
·
IF 0
Chunyan Yang,Houfang Lu,Yanchun Shi,Yingming Zhu,Kejing Wu,Yingying Liu,Changjun Liu,Bin Liang
In this study, Kraft lignin was efficiently converted into aromatic monomers of arenes, aromatic alcohols, and aromatic aldehydes over nano molybdenum carbides catalysts supported on porous ZSM-22, ZSM-5, USY, Beta, and IM-5 zeolites in ethanol. The results showed that ZSM-22 exhibited the highest performance with maximum aromatic yield of 0.609 g/g Kraft lignin at 280 °C for 3 h with 20% Mo loading, and the catalytic performance over ZSM-22 retained for 4 recycling runs without obvious aromatic yield loss. The high activity over ZSM-22 zeolite is attributed to the high dispersion of β-Mo 2 C particles with more exposed active sites and enhanced accessibility of lignin to β-Mo 2 C in large pores. Aggregation of β-Mo 2 C for higher Mo loading is unfavorable for Kraft lignin decomposition. The performances over differently pretreated ZSM-22 zeolites demonstrate that large pore size and external surface areas are key factors in determining the catalytic activity .
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