CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 13.2
Xinglin Wen,Ye Zhu,Yong Pan,Yonglu Yang,Xiaoyue Wan,Ahmed Mebarki,Juncheng Jiang
The direct hydrogenation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) to 1-methyl-2,4-cyclohexanediamine (2,4-MCHD) represents a significant yet non-industrialized green process for synthesizing methylcyclohexane diisocyanate (HTDI), known for its excellent properties. This process faces considerable challenges due to the hydrogenation of the benzene ring, the reduction of two nitro groups, and the need to avoid deamination reactions. In this study, an alkali-free heterogeneous catalytic system was developed for the direct hydrogenation of 2,4-DNT to 2,4-MCHD using Ru nanoclusters supported on γ-Al 2 O 3 . Side reactions such as deamination were effectively inhibited, resulting in a 2,4-MCHD selectivity exceeding 95% and a 2,4-DNT conversion greater than 99%. Kinetic studies indicated that the hydrogenation of 2,4-DNT in this system operates as a tandem reaction, with the hydrogenation of the benzene ring serving as the rate-determining step. Structure-activity relationship studies demonstrated that the valence state of Ru nanoclusters, the acidity and basicity of the catalyst, and the synergistic effect between Ru and the support significantly influence catalytic performance. This work represents the first example of the direct hydrogenation of dinitroaromatic compounds to aliphatic diamines in a system that does not require the addition of alkali elements, thereby establishing a solid foundation for the further exploration of such reaction systems.
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Cell Reports
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2026
·Vol. 45
·期 6
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IF 7.7
Yifang Chen,Qian Zhang,Na Li,Zhaoqi Zhang,Tong Lei,Han Guo,Hezhe Lu,Yong Zhao
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that exhibit significant heterogeneity in development and function. This study found that among 17 cytokines screened, only IL-33 could induce DCs to display a Th9-type cytokine profile, including IL-9, IL-4, and IL-13, in vitro . The response of DCs to IL-33 was synergistically enhanced by TGF-β and IL-4, defining a distinct subset termed DC9. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that DC9 possesses a unique gene expression signature, particularly in cytokine/chemokine clusters, compared to conventional DCs. Mechanistically, DC9 polarization depends on the JAK-STAT6-IRF4 signaling pathway. Functionally, DC9 preferentially drives naive CD4 + T cell differentiation toward Th9 cells in vitro . In an ovalbumin-induced allergic airway inflammatory mouse model, DC9 cells were detectable in lungs and adoptive transfer of DC9 exacerbated disease severity, and increased pulmonary Th9 cells. Collectively, we identify DC9 as a novel DC subset induced by IL-33/TGF-β/IL-4 through the JAK-STAT6-IRF4 axis, which promotes Th9 differentiation and aggravates allergic airway inflammation.
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BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
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2026
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IF 7
Yuhao Shi,Weiping Tang,Fei Ge,Xiaohui Yang,Minghao Zhou
FJH prepared carbon-coated Co-Ni-Al LDH catalysts and suppressed metal sintering. • Co 1 Ni 2 Al-850 catalyst afforded 100% vanillin conversion and 94.3% MCH yield in isopropanol solvent. • Ni species activated isopropanol to produce active hydrogen, while oxophilic Co promoted the cleavage of C-O bonds. • The Co 1 Ni 2 Al-850 catalyst effectively converted various lignin model compounds under mild conditions. Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is a key process for upgrading lignin derived bio-oil to high-quality fuels and chemicals. In this study, Co x Ni y Al-T catalysts with varying Co/Ni molar ratios and calcination temperatures were fabricated through flash Joule heating assisted carbon coating, with layered double hydroxides (LDHs) adopted as precursors. These catalysts were used for the hydrodeoxygenation of vanillin to 4-methylcyclohexanol (MCH). Under the optimized reaction conditions (180 °C, 2.5 h, 1 MPa N 2 ) with isopropanol serving as both hydrogen donor and solvent, the Co 1 Ni 2 Al-850 catalyst achieved nearly 100% vanillin conversion and a 94.3% yield of MCH. Based on various characterization results, Co 1 Ni 2 Al-850 catalysts exhibited suitable specific surface area, pore structure and acid sites. The excellent performance of Co 1 Ni 2 Al-850 catalyst was also attributed to the Co-Ni synergistic effect: Ni species accelerated the activation and dissociation of isopropanol to supply sufficient active hydrogen species for HDO; Co species promoted removal of methoxy groups in MMP. In addition, the presence of Al enhanced the structural stability. Based on the product distribution and characterization results, the possible reaction mechanism of the catalytic system was proposed. This study provides a new way for the development of efficient non noble metal catalysts for the hydrodeoxygenation system of biomass derivatives.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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2026
·
IF 3.5
Jiaojiao Yu,Yi Zuo,Gudan Li,Bosong Zhang,Hong Yang,Xinyue Wang,Xinwen Guo
PO 4 3- assists the one-step synthesis of highly active TS-1 containing Ti-VI species. • PO 4 3- induces plate-like TS-1 morphology and creates hierarchical micropores. • Ti-VI is constructed by Ti-O-PO 4 x- intermediate from bonding of Ti-OH with PO 4 3- . • TS-MAP-0.2 doubles the activity for 1-hexene epoxidation than additive-free TS-1. Titanium silicalite-1 (TS-1) is an efficient and green oxidation catalyst that has been employed in various industrial processes. In our previous work, a highly active TS-1 catalyst bearing Ti(OSi) 2 (OH) 4 (Ti-VI) was successfully prepared via post-treatment with alkaline solutions. Herein, a novel synthesis strategy is developed using monoammonium phosphate (MAP) as a regulator to fabricate thin TS-1 crystals with Ti-VI species, eliminating the complicated post-treatment operations. The study reveals that although the added phosphate anion (PO 4 3- ) is not incorporated into the MFI framework, it significantly affects the crystallization behavior of TS-1 during the synthesis. Essentially, PO 4 3- exerts two functions. First, it regulates the Ti species in the resulting TS-1 by forming Ti-O-PO 4 x - intermediates which not only promotes the formation of Ti-VI but also the construction of large micropores (0.7−0.8 nm) around Ti atoms in TS-1. Furthermore, PO 4 3- induces the formation of plate-like crystal morphology of TS-1. The obtained TS-1 catalyst exhibits remarkably enhanced catalytic performance in 1-hexene epoxidation, which is ascribed to the concurrent o ptimization of its intrinsic catalytic activity and mass transfer diffusion properties. Download: Download high-res image (354KB) Download: Download full-size image
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 9.6
Bingbing Liu,Jin Wu,Li Tang,Ping Chen,Haiyu Li,Fengyuan Zhang,Yanfang Wang,Yunshuang He,Zili Lin,Wenying Lv,Guoguang Liu
Interfacial regulation of molecular oxygen activation is critical for controlling reactive oxygen species generation in photocatalytic systems. Here, a copper 4-cyanophenylacetylide/copper phenylacetylide heterointerface (CN-PhC 2 Cu/PhC 2 Cu) was constructed through a one-step in situ strategy to regulate interfacial charge transfer and excited-state processes. Cyano functionalization created an electronic difference between the two copper acetylide components, while their related C C Cu coordination frameworks favored intimate interfacial coupling. The optimized 75CNPC removed 95.2 ± 3.9% of diclofenac within 60 min under 455 nm visible-light irradiation and retained appreciable activity in the presence of common water constituents and in different aqueous matrices. Optical, electrochemical, and theoretical analyses indicate that interfacial coupling modulates the local electronic structure, facilitates charge separation, and strengthens O 2 adsorption. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurements further reveal a redistribution of O 2 activation channels: electron transfer contributes to · O 2 − formation, whereas interface-regulated excited-state processes favor triplet-mediated energy transfer and enhanced 1 O 2 generation. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis and toxicity evaluation suggest that DCF undergoes initial activation, structural fragmentation, and progressive oxidation, with several identified transformation products exhibiting reduced predicted toxicity relative to the parent compound. These results demonstrate how the CN-PhC 2 Cu/PhC 2 Cu coordinates charge transfer, excited-state evolution, and molecular oxygen activation in organometallic photocatalysts. Download: Download high-res image (339KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Catalysts
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2026
·Vol. 16
·期 5
·445
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IF 4.5
Sihui Song,Chunting Li,Sadaf Mutahir,Muhammad Asim Khan,Feng Yan
The catalytic reduction of toxic 4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) to valuable 4-aminophenol is highly important for environmental remediation. However, developing catalysts with high activity, good recyclability, and facile preparation remains challenging. Herein, Ag@Fe3O4nanocomposites were controllably synthesized with a facile one-pot polyol method. By varying the Ag:Fe precursor ratio, the structure could be tuned from dense and porous core-shell to Janus architectures. The porous Ag@Fe3O4nanoreactors (Ag:Fe-0.4) exhibited exceptional catalytic performance, achieving complete 4-NP reduction within 75 s, with an apparent rate constant (k) of 6.29 × 10−2s−1, a normalized rate constant (kn) of 3742 s−1mmol−1, and a TOF value of 1042 h−1. XPS results verified that the excellent activity originated from the porous structure and interfacial charge transfer from Ag to Fe3O4. The catalysts showed super-paramagnetism and could be reused for at least eight cycles with >95% conversion retained. It also displayed high efficiency in reducing diverse nitroaromatics and in natural water. This work highlights the significance of structural and electronic modulation, providing a scalable strategy for magnetically recyclable catalysts toward environmental remediation and heterogeneous catalysis.
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LANGMUIR
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2026
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IF 4.4
Xin Wang,Wei-Qian Tang,Xinyu Zhao,Shuo Dong,Yu-Hui Luo,Qing-Hua Wang
This study successfully constructed a direct Z-scheme TP-WO3 heterojunction photocatalytic system via an in situ compositing strategy for the photoassisted Fenton degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride in aqueous environments. The composite formed an intimate interfacial contact between TP and WO3, effectively facilitating the separation and migration of photogenerated charge carriers. Experiments demonstrated that TP-WO3(0.7) achieved a degradation efficiency of 92.34% for 10 ppm tetracycline within 75 min under visible light irradiation with H2O2 assistance, with a reaction rate constant (2.731 × 10–2 min–1) significantly higher than those of the individual components. Radical trapping experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis confirmed that h+, •OH, and •O2– were the main active species. This study provides a feasible design strategy and experimental basis for developing efficient and stable organic–inorganic Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalytic materials.
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Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers
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2026
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IF 6.2
Yiming Chen,Zhan Zhao,Yuanyuan Liu,Kelei Huang,Xiangchao Meng
Adopting reverse osmosis (RO) for seawater desalinating is well-established, suitable for coupling with alkaline water electrolysis (ALK) systems. The progressive accumulation of residual ions during the reaction, along with the limited energy efficiency of industrial ALK cells, drives the requirement to explore scalable strategies for engineering highly active catalysts. Herein, a facile water bath followed by rapid Joule heating method has been reported for scalable fabrication of large-scale electrodes. Typically, a cathode of NiMoO 4 /MoO 2 with a size of 10 cm × 10 cm were grown on nickel mesh (NM) substrate.The NiMoO 4 /MoO 2 achieved an overpotential of 345.2/349.2 mV at 500 mA cm -2 in alkaline freshwater/seawater, with stability at 1 A cm -2 for 1000 h. Further experiments in ALK device adopting quasi-industrial condition (6 M KOH RO seawater, 60°C) showed that NiMoO 4 /MoO 2 ||NM delivered a current density of 500 mA cm -2 with a reduction of the required voltage by 1 V in comparison with NM||NM, displaying impressive Faraday efficiency of 90.2% and electricity consumption of 4.48 kWh/Nm 3 H 2 , demonstrating the potential for industrial applications. The characterization and experimental results verified the vital role of Joule heating and the optimised electronic structure in NiMoO 4 /MoO 2 heterostructure, resulting in efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
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Molecular Catalysis
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2026
·
IF 4.3
Yanping Dong,Xiqiang Tian,Muhammad Zahid
Amine-functionalized dendritic mesoporous silica nanospheres (DMSN‑NH 2 ) was developed to confine and stabilize Pt nanoparticles. • Pt@DMSN-NH 2 showed higher TOF (968 h −1 ) than Pt@DMSN (312 h −1 ). • Pt@DMSN-NH 2 exhibits higher k value (1.23 min −1 ) and lower Ea value (36.9 kJ·mol −1 ) than Pt@DMSN (0.298 min −1 , 46.5 kJ·mol −1 ). • The excellent performance of Pt@DMSN‑NH 2 is attributed to its dendritic architecture and amine-functionalities. • Pt@DMSN-NH 2 catalyst exhibited excellent stability for up to five consecutive cycles. Stabilizing precious Pt nanoparticles on conventional supports remains challenging, as their high surface energy makes them prone to early destabilization. In this work, Pt nanoparticles synthesized via a polyol method were uniformly dispersed and firmly anchored on dendritic mesoporous silica nanospheres (DMSN), which were fabricated through a simple hydrothermal route and later functionalized with amine groups (DMSN‑NH 2 ). Remarkably, the as-synthesized Pt@DMSN-NH 2 catalyst exhibited 4.12 times enhancement in the catalytic hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), achieving significantly excellent rate constant and turnover frequency values ( k = 1.23 min −1 , TOF = 968 h −1 ), compared with those of the Pt@DMSN catalyst ( k = 0.298 min −1 , TOF = 312 h −1 ). A comprehensive investigation of the structure-activity relationship, supported by a suite of bulk and surface characterization analysis, obviously attributes the highly efficient catalytic hydrogenation behavior of Pt@DMSN-NH 2 to the dendritic mesoporous architecture and the amine functionalities lining the pore walls. These two features jointly regulate the size of Pt nanoparticles (3.2 nm) and facilitate their uniform distribution (36.2% dispersion), thereby generating a higher number of key active Pt 0 species on the surface of Pt@DMSN-NH 2 , which enhances the hydrogenation of 4‑NP. The fabricated Pt@DMSN-NH 2 showed remarkable activity in the hydrogenation of 4-Nitrophenol. Download: Download high-res image (160KB) Download: Download full-size image
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JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 7.3
ZiYi Wang,SiJia Lin,Xue Dong,Jin Cao,Rong Zhao,Lin Wu,Song Shen
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), a key regulator of glucose metabolism that cleaves glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), is a critical therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. Conventional DPP-4 inhibitors like alogliptin act through competitive active-site inhibition, requiring sustained exposure, which can lead to resistance and off-target effects. Here, we leveraged proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology to develop a heterobifunctional DPP-4 degrader. The PROTAC (DeDPP4) was synthesized by conjugating alogliptin, a high-affinity DPP-4 ligand, with a cereblon (CRBN)-recruiting E3 ubiquitin ligase ligand. The DeDPP4 demonstrated a dose-dependent DPP-4 depletion effect in A549 cells, with a maximal degradation rate of >80%. In an in vivo experiment, a single administration of the DeDPP4 (10 mg/kg) elicited prolonged glycemic control, maintaining reduced blood glucose levels over 60 h, which was 5 times that of alogliptin. The DeDPP4 induced sustained GLP-1 elevation and enhanced glucose tolerance, correlating with DPP-4 degradation in liver and adipose tissues.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2026
·Vol. 14
·期 29
·13042-13055
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IF 7.6
Lau Chun-Yin,Li Xinwei,Zhang Yanlin,Rangarajan Goutham,Tse Ho-Yin,Zhuang Huichuan,Leu Shao-Yuan,Farnood Ramin R.
In this study, an amorphous carbon-rich carbon nitride photocatalyst was prepared by nitric acid treatment of pyrolyzed melamine followed by nitrogen annealing. The resulting semiconductor material exhibited an up-shifted valence band that enhances the oxidizing power of photogenerated holes, enabling selective C α −C β bond cleavage of 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol (2-POE). Using 1.5 g L −1 of the optimized photocatalyst in acetonitrile, 2-POE underwent first-order conversion with a reaction rate of 2.55 h −1 under a 9 W blue LED light source. Product analysis showed the formation of benzaldehyde as the major product, confirming C−C bond scission with 93.1% selectivity. In addition, ring-opening reactions were observed, producing fumaric and maleic acids as the by-products. Photocatalytic depolymerization of organosolv lignin further demonstrated ring opening of the β-O-4 linking motifs, forming dicarboxylic acids analogous to those generated from 2-POE. These demonstrate a metal-free photocatalytic platform capable of promoting β-O-4 bond cleavage in lignin model compounds and inducing photocatalytic structural modification of organosolv lignin, accompanied by the formation of low-molecular-weight aliphatic dicarboxylic acids.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2026
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IF 6.7
Jiawei Liu,Xiaole Yu,Kaibiao Xi,Xueting Wang,Kailong Huang,Zichen Liu,Jingbo Wang,Junyan Wang,Lei Dai
Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 -based high-temperature piezoceramics are promising for applications in harsh environments such as aerospace and oil exploration. However, their low piezoelectric coefficient ( d 33 ) and high leakage current at elevated temperatures limit their use. Herein, a B-site isovalent ion-pair co-doping strategy is proposed. Ferroelectric active Zn 2+ and higher-valent W 6+ are co-introduced in a nominal (Zn 1/2 W 1/2 ) 4+ ion-pair substitution scheme to isovalently replace the B-site Ti 4+ in the Bi 3.96 Ce 0.04 Ti 3 O 12 matrix, thereby enhancing d 33 and resistivity ( ρ ) while maintaining a high Curie temperature ( T C ). The optimal ceramic Bi 3.96 Ce 0.04 Ti 2.95 (Zn 1/2 W 1/2 ) 0.05 O 12 achieves a balanced performance profile: a respectable d 33 of 28.9 pC/N, a high T C of 654 °C, and an excellent resistivity of 8.5 × 10 6 Ω·cm at 500 °C. This balanced combination of properties is attributed to the synergistic effect of Zn 2+ and W 6+ , which promotes grain growth, enhances polarization, and reduces the concentration of mobile oxygen vacancies. This work offers a promising material for high-temperature piezoelectric applications.
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