Nanoscale
·
2015
·Vol. 7
·期 33
·13840-13847
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IF 7.394
Lei Wang,Biao Gao,Changjian Peng,Xiang Peng,Jijiang Fu,Paul K. Chu,Kaifu Huo
Silicon-based nanomaterials are promising anode materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high theoretical capacity of 4200 mA h g−1, more than 10 times that of commercial graphite. Si nanoparticles (NPs) with a diameter of or below 10 nm generally exhibit enhanced lithium storage properties due to their small size and large surface area. However, it is challenging to generate such ultrafine Si NPs by a facile and scalable method. This paper reports a scalable method to fabricate ultrafine Si NPs 5–8 nm in size from dead bamboo leaves (BLs) by thermally decomposing the organic matter, followed by magnesiothermic reduction in the presence of NaCl as a heat scavenger. The ultrafine Si NPs show a high capacity of 1800 mA h g−1 at a 0.2 C (1 C = 4200 mA g−1) rate and are thus promising anode materials in lithium-ion batteries. To achieve better rate capability, the BLs-derived ultrafine Si NPs are coated with a thin amorphous carbon layer (Si@C) and then dispersed and embedded in a reduced graphene oxide (RGO) network to produce Si@C/RGO nanocomposites by a layer-by-layer assembly method. The double protection rendered by the carbon shell and RGO network synergistically yield structural stability, high electrical conductivity and a stable solid electrolyte interface during Li insertion/extraction. The Si@C/RGO nanocomposites show excellent battery properties with a high capacity of 1400 mA h g−1 at a high current density of 2 C and remarkable rate performance with a capacity retention of 60% when the current density is increased 20 times from 0.2 to 4 C. This work provides a simple, low cost, and scalable approach enabling the use of BL waste as a sustainable source for the production of ultrafine Si NPs towards high-performance LIBs.
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CRYSTENGCOMM
·
2024
·
IF 2.6
Guangrui Han,Lang Liu,Minyu Jia,Xuting Li,Linrui Hou,Changzhou Yuan
Recently, silicon has been considered one of the preferred materials for the anodes of next-generation high-energy-density Li-ion batteries due to its advantages of high specific capacity, low working voltage, and abundant reserves. However, the huge volume change and poor electrical conductivity of silicon anodes during the lithiation and de-lithiation process seriously affect their practical application. Herein, honeycomb porous silicon is synthesized by a modified Stöber method and magnesium thermal reduction, which avoids using toxic gases (such as silane) in the traditional preparation of commercial nano-silicon. Moreover, the honeycomb porous structure can effectively alleviate the volume expansion during the charge/discharge process and agglomeration behavior of nano-silicon. Therefore, thanks to its unique structural merits, the honeycomb porous silicon anode is endowed with a reversible specific capacity of 824.1 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.5 A g−1 and 679.2 mA h g−1 even at an ultrahigh current density of 1.0 A g−1 after an extended cycling period of 200 cycles, which is almost twice that of commercial nano-silicon. More importantly, this finding offers promising advancements in designing silicon anodes in energy storage.
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Materials Research-Ibero-american Journal of Materials
·
2017
·Vol. 20
·期 3
·592-600
·
IF 0.634
Wen Yong,Pei Li-zhai,Wei Tian
Li doped bismuth oxide nanorods have been prepared using sodium bismuthate and Li acetate. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern shows that the nanorods are composed of monoclinic Bi2O4 and cubic LiBi12O18.50 phases. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation shows that the nanorods have the length and diameter of 1-5 µm and 50-350 nm, respectively. The formation of the Li doped bismuth oxide nanorods is closely relative to the hydrothermal conditions. The electrochemical performance for the determination of L-cysteine based on a Li doped bismuth oxide nanorods modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) has been developed. The CV peak current increases obviously and linearly with increasing the scan rate. Under the optimal conditions, Li doped bismuth oxide nanorods modified GCE exhibits good analytical performance with good reproducibility and stability. The linear range of L-cysteine is 0.0001-2 mM and the detection limit is 0.36 µM and 0.17 µM for cvp1 and cvp2, respectively.
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RSC Advances
·
2016
·Vol. 6
·期 53
·47486-47490
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IF 3.289
Chenhao Zhao,Libin Xu,Zhibiao Hu,Sheng'en Qiu,Kaiyu Liu
Porous carbon with a unique 3D structure has been prepared by the immediate carbonization of potassium tartrate. At an optimal carbonization temperature of 700 °C, the carbon mainly composed of micro- and small meso-porous structure has a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area of 816.2 m2 g−1, and the element Se with an amorphous structure is uniformly encapsulated into the porous structure of carbon. The weight ratio of Se in the composite can reach ∼50%. As the Li–Se battery cathode, the composite shows a (2nd) reversible discharge capacity of 550.5 mA h g−1 with an initial coulombic efficiency of 68.2% at 0.24C, and a discharge capacity of 485.3 mA h g−1 can be retained after 80 cycles. Even at a high current density of 1.2C, the cell also delivers a stable discharge capacity of about 452.3 mA h g−1. The good electrochemical performances of the as-prepared composite may be attributed to high specific surface area and small porous size.
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MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
·
2016
·
IF 2.101
Liyan Zhou,Shancheng Yan,Zixia Lin,Yi Shi
Two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides, such as tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ), have been actively studied as suitable candidates for anode materials used in lithium ion batteries recently, due to their remarkable ion intercalation properties. However, the difficulties in the synthesis of phase-pure WS 2 , restacking between WS 2 nanosheets, low electronic conductivity and brittle nature of WS 2 severely limit its Li-ion batteries application. Here, we adopt a one-pot method for synthesizing of WS 2 /reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) composite to improve the battery performance dramatically. The WS 2 /rGO anode shows a stable discharge capacity of 431.2 mAh/g, at a current density of 0.1 A/g after 100 cycles, while the capacity of bare WS 2 is only 65.5 mAh/g under the same condition. The added graphene oxide is reduced to rGO in reaction process and constitute stable composite with WS 2 , not only avoiding the restacking between WS 2 nanosheets and improving the conductive properties, but also promoting the reduction of WO 3 effectively. Our work may provide a possible route to avoid oxygen impurities in transition metal dichalcogenides .
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Nano Research
·
2017
·Vol. 10
·期 7
·2495-2507
·
IF 7.354
Yu Huijuan,Li Hanwen,Yuan Shouyi,Yang Yuchi,Zheng Jiahui,Hu Jianhua,Yang Dong,Wang Yonggang,Dong Angang
Mesoporous carbons have been widely utilized as the sulfur host for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. The ability to engineer the porosity, wall thickness, and graphitization degree of the carbon host is essential for addressing issues that hamper commercialization of Li-S batteries, such as fast capacity decay and poor high-rate performance. In this work, highly ordered, ultrathin mesoporous graphitic-carbon frameworks (MGFs) having unique cage-like mesoporosity, derived from self-assembled Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticle superlattices, are demonstrated to be an excellent host for encapsulating sulfur. The resulting S@MGFs exhibit high specific capacity (1,446 mAh·g –1 at 0.15 C), good rate capability (430 mAh·g –1 at 6 C), and exceptional cycling stability (~0.049% capacity decay per cycle at 1 C) when used as Li-S cathodes. The superior electrochemical performance of the S@MGFs is attributed to the many unique and advantageous structural features of MGFs. In addition to the interconnected, ultrathin graphitic-carbon framework that ensures rapid electron and lithium-ion transport, the microporous openings between adjacent mesopores efficiently suppress the diffusion of polysulfides, leading to improved capacity retention even at high current densities.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2016
·
IF 3.15
Shumin Liu,Jinxian Wang,Jianwei Wang,Feifei Zhang,Limin Wang
A Co 9 S 8 /GNS (graphene nanosheets) nanocomposites has been synthesized via a facile solvothermal approach followed by thermal treatment in nitrogen at 500 °C using graphite oxide sheets, CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O and thiourea as the starting materials. Highly uniform Co 9 S 8 nanoparticles with a size of about 80–90 nm are evenly grafted on the surface of GNS , forming a unique Co 9 S 8 /GNS hybrid nanostructure. When evaluated as anode materials for lithium ion batteries, impressive electrochemical performances of the as-prepared nanocomposites are achieved compared to that of pure bulk Co 9 S 8 , with an high reversible capacity of 1480 mAh g −1 . Moreover, the as-synthesized nanocomposites present excellent cycling durability and high-rate capability. The improvement in the electrochemical properties could be attributed to the well-designed structure of the Co 9 S 8 /GNS nanocomposite which possesses large number of accessible active sites for lithium-ion insertion, fast ion diffusion rate and good electronic conductivity.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2014
·
IF 2.726
Mingye Ding,Yaru Ni,Yan Song,Xiaoxia Liu,Tengli Cui,Daqin Chen,Zhenguo Ji,Feng Xu,Chunhua Lu,Zhongzi Xu
Currently, enhancing luminescence efficiency of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) has still been a challenging topic in despite of many efforts to improve UC luminescence. In this paper, a new strategy to enhance UC emission has been described based on coupling of Li + ions doping with growth an inert shell. Significant enhancement of upconversion (UC) luminescence intensity of lanthanide-doped nanoparticles was observed under synergistic effect of internal adjustment and external approach. In addition, the mechanism for the luminescence enhancement of UCNPs has been discussed. Our results suggest that this UC enhancement strategy, proven here in NaGdF 4 nanoparticles, could be extended to other lanthanide-doped nanocrystal systems for applications ranging from luminescent biological labels to volumetric three-dimensional displays.
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CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS
·
2014
·
IF 1.178
Wei Wei,Ling-Xiao Song,Lin Guo
SnO 2 hollow nanospheres were successfully synthesized via a facile one-step solvothermal method. Characterizations show that the as-prepared SnO 2 spheres are of hollow structure with a diameter at around 50 nm, and especially, the shell of the spheres is assembled by single layer SnO 2 nanocrystals. The surface area of the material reaches up to 202.5 m 2 /g. As an anode material for Li ion batteries, the sample exhibited improved electrochemical performance compared with commercial SnO 2 particles. After cycled at high current rate of 0.5 C, 1 C and 0.5 C for 20 cycles, respectively, the electrode can maintain a capacity of 509 mAh/g. The suitable shell thickness/diameter ratio endows the good structural stability of the material during cycling, which promises the excellent cycling performance of the electrode. The large surface area and the ultra thin shell ensure the high rate performance of the material.
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JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2015
·
IF 2.729
Qijiu Deng,Jing Xue,Wei Zou,Liping Wang,Aijun Zhou,Jingze Li
A functional organic small molecule anode material (dilithium 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalate, Li 2 DHTP) is synthesized via a simple wet chemistry methodology adopting 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid (DHTPA) as the precursor. It delivers a high specific capacity of 165 mAh/g over 100 cycles with the coulombic efficiency of 98% and shows remarkable rate performance. The organic acid DHTPA also demonstrates electrochemical activity toward Li + storage and releases but with poor cyclic performance. XRD and FT-IR studies suggest that the de −/lithiation process of chemically replaced Li 2 DHTP is highly reversible. On the contrary, the de −/lithiation process of electrochemically replaced Li 2 DHTP intermediate product, where the corresponding DHTPA acid experiences an ion exchange process in the first discharge process, shows quite poor reversibility in the following cycles. The results illustrate that either chemical replacement or electrochemical replacement of DHTPA can generate Li 2 DHTP electrochemical active material. This methodology might be applied to synthesize advanced organic small molecules conjugated carbonyl materials for energy storage.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Chengzhong Xiong,Runzhang Tao,Jian Lu,Shilong Li,Dong Zou,Yuqing Sun,Wenheng Jing
Efficient recovery of Li + from lithium-ion batteries (LiBs), which also include Co 2+ , Ni 2+ , or Mn 2+ in the cathode material, remains a formidable challenge because the sizes and physicochemical properties of these ions. Composite lamellar membranes are emerging as highly ion-selective nanochannels with controllable interlayers. Herein, Li + /Co 2+ was precisely separated through two-dimensional MXene/δ-MnO 2 composite nanochannels under an electric field. The nanochannels were constructed on tubular ceramic membranes via hydroxyl crosslinking. The membrane layer spacing can be extended to 5.7 Å by electrostatic repulsion between MXene and δ-MnO 2 nanosheets, which is suitable for Li + /Co 2+ separation. Under an electric field of 2 mA cm −2 , Li + /Co 2+ was nearly completely separated, with a high Li + flux of 0.0094 mol m -2 h −1 , and the energy consumption was ∼0.315 kW h (mol Li + ) -1 . Similarly, near-complete separation of Li + /Ni 2+ and Li + /Mn 2+ can be achieved at a current density of 2 mA cm −2 . The transport of Li + in solution was accelerated under a positive electric field and by partial dehydration in the nanopores. Meanwhile, the zeta potential was distinctly more negative in the composite membranes than in individual MXene or δ-MnO 2 . Consequently, Co 2+ was rapidly adsorbed on the negatively charged membrane surface through electrostatic interactions and complexation, forming a positively charged Co 2+ layer that electrostatically repelled further Co 2+ adsorption, ultimately achieving near-complete separation of Co 2+ . Owing to their stable and robust structure, the MXene/δ-MnO 2 membranes maintained high separation efficiency in acidic solutions containing Li + and Co 2+ and remained stable over eight cycles (up to 14 h) of ion separation under an electric field. This approach can potentially realize 2D membrane composites for efficient ion separation in practical applications.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Yu-Jie Ren,Hao-Bo Guan,Yun-Lei Hou,Bo-Han Zhang,Kuan-Kuan Tian,Bai-Qin Xiong,Jing-Zhou Chen,Dong-Lin Zhao
Transition-metal sulfide is considered to be an admirable transformational electrode material due to low cost, large specific capacity, and good reversibility in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, the reduced graphene oxide-wrapped open bimetallic sulfide (NiS2–Co3S4@rGO) nanocage, derived from nickel–cobalt Prussian blue, was obtained by two-step calcination. There are luxuriant pore structures in the nanocage composite with a specific surface area of 85.28 m2 g–1, which provides plentiful paths for rapid transmission of Li+/Na+ and alleviates the volume stress caused by insertion and extraction of alkali metal ions. The excellent interface combination of bimetallic sulfide wrapped in reduced graphene oxide improves the conductivity and overall performance of the battery. Thanks to the special interface engineering, the open NiS2–Co3S4@rGO nanocage composite displays rapid lithium storage properties with an average diffusion coefficient of 8.5 × 10–13 cm2 s–1. Moreover, after 300 cycles, the reversible capacity of the composite is 1113.2 mAh g–1 at 1 A g–1. In SIBs, the capacity of the open NiS2–Co3S4@rGO composite is 487.9 mAh g–1 when the current density is 5 A g–1. These preeminent performances demonstrate the enormous development prospects of bimetallic sulfide nanocage as anode material in LIBs and SIBs.
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