Advanced Powder Materials
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2024
·
IF 28.6
Ziming Ye,Yi Zeng,Xiang Xiong,Sen Gao,Chen Shen,Shiyan Chen,Tianxing Jiang,Ge Yang
Multiphase design is a promising approach to achieve superior ablation resistance of multicomponent ultra-high temperature ceramic (UHTC), while understanding the ablation mechanism is the foundation. Here, through investigating a three-phase multicomponent ceramic consisting of Hf-rich carbide, Nb-rich carbide, and Zr-rich silicide phases, we report a newly discovered solid-state reaction process among multiphase multicomponent ceramic during ablation. It was found that this solid-state reaction occurred in the matrix/oxide scale interface region. In this process, metal cations are counter-diffused between the multicomponent phases, thereby resulting in their composition evolution, which allows the multicomponent phases to exist stably under a higher oxygen partial pressure, leading to the improvement of thermodynamic stability of three-phase multicomponent ceramic. Additionally, this solid-state reaction process appears synergistic with the preferential oxidation behavior among the oxide scale in enhancing the ablation performance.
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Journal of the American Chemical Society
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2024
·
IF 14.4
Xuannuo Yi,Shasha Liu,Taotao Zhao,Xiangke Guo,Kai Zhou,Weiping Ding,Wei Wang
Zeolites are essential solid acid catalysts in various chemical processes. Temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) is one of the most established techniques used to characterize the acidity of zeolites by measuring the desorption kinetics of probes from bulk samples. However, conventional TPD can hardly deliver the intrinsic acid properties of zeolites because the apparent desorption kinetics are inevitably mixed with mass transfer and thermal conduction due to the large sample amount (∼0.1 g). Herein, we developed an optical microscopy approach to measure the TPD spectra of single zeolite nanoparticles, termed oTPD, by in situ monitoring of the reduced scattering intensity of individuals as a result of the desorption of probe molecules during heating. A significantly reduced sample amount contributed to the oTPD spectrum, revealing an intrinsic desorption temperature of ∼300 °C lower than the apparent value and also a greatly narrowed peak width from ∼150 to ∼15 °C. Correlating oTPD and micro-Raman spectra of the very same individuals further uncovered a linear dependence between the acidity and the content of silicon islands. This study provided unprecedented capabilities for measuring the intrinsic acid properties and the desorption kinetics of single zeolite nanoparticles, with implications for better understanding the structure–acidity relationship and for designing better zeolite catalysts.
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ENERGY & FUELS
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2025
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IF 5.3
Di Li,Yanling Wang,Baojun Bai,Ning Xu,Wenjing Shi,Yu Zhang,Wenhui Ding,Peixu Ma,Zan Gao
Dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs), characterized by a high specific surface area and abundant hydroxyl groups, offer a promising approach to enhancing the performance of amphiphilic polymers in challenging enhanced oil recovery (EOR) conditions. In this study, DMSNs were successfully synthesized, and systematically evaluated for their impact on the solution properties of a betaine amphiphilic polymer (PADC). The unique “flower-like” mesoporous structure of DMSNs provided approximately 7-fold higher surface area than conventional SiO2, facilitating enhanced polymer–nanoparticle interactions. The DMSN/PADC composite system exhibited significantly improved viscosity, salt resistance, thermal tolerance, and shear resistance compared to PADC and SiO2/PADC systems. Quantum chemical calculations elucidated the interaction mechanisms, highlighting the role of silanol groups in forming electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds with PADC, thereby reinforcing the three-dimensional network structure. Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) tests demonstrated a 17.91% tertiary oil recovery using the DMSN/PADC composite system, nearly double that of the SiO2/PADC system (9.48%). This study underscores the potential of DMSNs as a novel additive for optimizing polymer flooding formulations, enabling superior EOR performance in high-temperature, high-salinity reservoirs.
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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
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2025
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IF 3.8
Yongsheng Liu,Guoxin Wei,Yawen Ma,Pengcheng Ma,Jianyong Tu,Jingxin Li,Yansong Liu,Shaolin Fu,Yejie Cao,Jian Chen,Yu Pan
In response to the urgent demand for ablation resistance and cost-effective thermal protection materials for hypersonic vehicles, this study employed a combined process of slurry injection and reactive melt infiltration to rapidly fabricate C f /ZrB 2 ‒SiC composites. The effects of infiltration temperature (1450°C‒1600°C) and holding time (0.5‒2.0 h) on the microstructure and mechanical properties were systematically investigated. Results demonstrate that at 1500°C, the competition mechanism between molten Si viscosity and reaction rate was balanced, achieving efficient pore filling. Composites processed at 1500°C for 1 h exhibited optimal mechanical properties, with a flexural strength of 234.08 MPa. As the holding time increased, elemental homogeneity improved in the matrix while mechanical properties decreased. The oxyacetylene ablation test (4.18 MW/m 2 ) showed: at 100 s, a dense ZrO 2 ‒SiO 2 oxide layer formed, resulting in ablation rates of 0.32 mg/s and 0.70 µm/s. After 300 s, thermal stress caused oxide layer spallation, elevating rates to 2.90 mg/s and 4.50 µm/s, triggering a new ablation cycle. The material demonstrates exceptional ablation resistance. This process provides a valuable reference for the low-cost fabrication of high-performance ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composites.
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-11
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IF 15.7
Yang Sheng,Yuan Jing,Xie Pengpeng,Li Bo,Li Mengxuan,Zhou Daojin,Luo Liang,Sun Xiaoming
To adapt fluctuating renewable energy for water splitting is challenging, since the growth of electrochemically generated nanobubbles at early stage requires high supersaturation during the repeated start-stop cycles, which can accelerate the deactivation of electrodes and cause extra energy consumption. Herein, we propose a “bubble seeding” strategy by introducing nanobubbles (NBs, ~200 nm in diameter) into electrolyte to promote the generation of macroscopic bubbles. The precursive nanobubbles can act as the beforehand nuclei with a certain supersaturation, lower the supersaturation barrier for further growth, and result in reduced overpotential as high as 130 mV for oxygen evolution reaction. The enhancement depends on nanobubble coverage and size, with higher coverage and larger sizes favoring macrobubble growth. The nanobubbles with inert gas species (e.g. N 2 for oxygen evolution reaction) can also work as the seeds, while the interfering or consumable gas species (e.g. O 2 for hydrogen evolution reaction) would hinder the generation of macroscopic bubbles and enlarge the overpotential. The water splitting device working at presence of nanobubbles exhibits stable operation voltage during repeated start-stop cycles in contrast to traditional electrolyte without NBs, indicating great potential of such traceless nanobubble additive strategy for stabilizing gas evolution applications.
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 15.7
Li Jingpeng,Zhang Meiyu,Li Wenxuan,Li Zhongshu,Zhu Tingshun,Yang Zhenyu
Silicon is a cornerstone material in electronics and photovoltaics due to its abundance, tunable semiconducting properties, and chemical versatility. Direct anchoring of thiophenes, with their highly delocalized aromatic backbones, onto silicon surfaces offers a promising route to tailor charge carrier migration properties. However, current methods for anchoring thiophenes commonly rely on pre-activation of precursors or transition-metal catalysts. Here, we introduce a catalyst-free radical strategy for direct linkage of thiophenes with Si atoms on organosilanes and silicon surfaces. This method leverages thermally induced homolytic cleavage of Si-H bonds to generate silicon radicals, which undergo efficient hydrosilylation with thiophene rings, forming Si-C linkages and releasing H 2 . We demonstrate the successful application of this approach on silicon surfaces, achieving functionalization with thiophenes that enhance charge carrier mobilities in silicon nanocrystals significantly higher than previously reported alkyl-functionalized SiNCs, indicating the significant potential of catalyst-free dehydrocoupling for advancing silicon-based materials in optoelectronic applications.
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Advanced Science
·
2025
·
IF 14.1
Limeng Song,Feiyue Hu,Yongqiang Chen,Li Guan,Peigen Zhang,Linan Wang,ZhengMing Sun,Yanqiu Zhu,Hailong Wang,Renchao Che,Bingbing Fan,Rui Zhang
To meet the demands of maritime defense and transportation, next-generation microwave absorption (MA) materials must combine efficient attenuation and corrosion resistance (CR). SiC nanofibers, with their moderate dielectric constant and chemical inertness, are ideal multifunctional coating fillers. However, their single-component nature limits microwave attenuation, resulting in low efficiency and narrow bandwidth. Incorporating corrosion-resistant components and employing heterointerface engineering offers a promising strategy to enhance polarization loss and synergistically improve CR. In this study, SiC nanofibers synthesized via chemical vapor deposition are used as precursors; SiO 2 interlayers and nitrogen-doped carbon shells are sequentially introduced to form multilayered core–shell nanofibers. Abundant heterointerfaces and defects effectively regulate impedance matching and introduce multiple loss mechanisms, including conduction, interfacial, and defect-induced dipole polarization. The prepared SiC@SiO 2 @C (SSC) nanofibers achieve a minimum reflection loss of −52.40 dB, a maximum effective absorption bandwidth of 7.68 GHz, and a maximum radar cross-section reduction of 38.42 dB m 2 , demonstrating excellent MA properties. Moreover, SSC/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite coatings exhibit superior CR performance, with significantly enhanced corrosion potential and reduced current density compared to pure metal and PVDF coatings. This study underscores the synergistic effect of heterointerface engineering in enhancing both MA and CR for harsh environments.
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Journal of Energy Chemistry
·
2025
·
IF 14.9
Ali Hammad,Siyi Zou,Fandi Ning,Ghulam Nabi,Yuzhuo Jiang,Bin Tian,Wentao Huang,Muhammad Rashid,Shiqi Zhao,Xiaochun Zhou
Inorganic materials can solve transportable and on-site hydrolytic hydrogen generation issues. CaH 2 /(Al/Si) composites are preferable due to their notable chemical properties. However, these composites require pretreatments, an inert environment, and long hours of physical ball milling for high homogeneity and synergistic effects. CaH 2 also inhibits the hydrolysis reaction by forming its products on the Al/Si surface, which hinders the direct utilization of composites. This work represents the first investigation of NaH-CaH 2 (Al/Si) fuel composites, which greatly overcome these limitations and can be directly used for on-site hydrogen generation and proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. The NaH-CaH 2 (Al/Si) fuel composites were prepared by using a straightforward mixing method with variable composition ratios, showing high H 2 yield and fuel cell (FC) performance. NaH addition provides the bridge effect, which opens up a new way to enable efficient hydrolysis and greatly enhances the hydrolysis activity of CaH 2 /(Al/Si) composites. The novel fuel composites (NaH-CaH 2 /Al) have extraordinary FC performance and a 0.42 W/cm 2 peak power density greater than commercial hydrogen generators. It provides high H 2 yield 84.4 % for NaH-CaH 2 /Al and 82 % for NaH-CaH 2 /Si compared to NaOH-CaH 2 (Al/Si), NaCl-CaH 2 (Al/Si), and KCl-CaH 2 (Al/Si) composites. The NaH bridge effect hinders the direct water contact and stops the formation of Ca(OH) 2 around Al/Si, which provides adequate pathways for the CaH 2 (Al/Si) hydrolysis. The impressive capabilities of novel fuel composites are anticipated to offer practical uses in fuel cells, automobile applications, and portable/on-board H 2 generation.
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MATERIALS LETTERS
·
2025
·
IF 2.7
Zengmou Li,Xiaoling Liu,Qianwen Wang,Xinyu Jiang,Rui Yan,Keyu Zhang,Yaochun Yao,Shaoze Zhang,Yin Li,Junxian Hu
Serious volume expansion for silicon-based material has extremely restricted its widespread application. Herein, Si@Na 2 SiO 3 composite with grape-liked structure was fabricated by a simple metal salt-assisted chemical etching method, which is enabled by the high corrosivity of NaHCO 3 . The gelatinous Na 2 SiO 3 can evenly coat the surface of Si nanoparticles, then efficiently inhibiting volume expansion. Meanwhile, porous structures etched by NaHCO 3 provide more diffusion channels for Li + . Si@Na 2 SiO 3 exhibits excellent cycling and rate properties: the discharge capacity of 1140.16mAh g −1 at 0.5 A g -1 after 100th cycling and the stable discharge capacity of 1565.64 mAh g −1 at 2.0 A g −1 . This research provides a simple and effective technology to exploit the high-capacity silicon-based anode material.
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Heliyon
·
2024
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IF 3.4
Xiang Liu,Zhi Yu,Shan Fang,Yong Li,Guoxing Qu,Nai-Gen Zhou,Dong-Liang Peng
Si-based anode materials have a relatively high theoretical specific capacity and low operating voltage, greatly enhancing the energy density of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, their practical application is seriously hindered by the instability of active particles and anode electrodes caused by the huge swelling during cycling. How to maintain the stability of the charge transfer network and interface structure of Si particles is full of challenges. To address this issue, we have developed a novel Si@Fe 3 O 4 /AC/CNR anode by in-situ growing one-dimensional high elastic carbon nano-ribbons to wrap Si nanoparticles. This special structure can construct fast channels of electron transport and lithium ion diffusion, and stabilize the surface structure of Si nanoparticles during cycling. With these promising architectural features, the Si@Fe 3 O 4 /AC/CNR composite possesses a high specific capacity of 1279.4 mAh/g at 0.5 A/g, and a superior cycling life with 80 % capacity retention after 700 cycles. Even at a high current density of 20.0 A/g, the composite still delivers a capacity of 621.2 mAh/g. The facile synthetic approach and high performance of Si@Fe 3 O 4 /AC/CNR anodes provide practical insight into advanced anode materials with large volume expansion for high-energy-density LIBs.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2025
·Vol. 36
·期 10
·1-18
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IF 2.8
Huo Dongyu,Wang Qing,Zhu Fuliang,Wang Can,Dai Yile,Dai Jianfeng
Silicon-based anode materials have attracted significant interest due to their high theoretical specific capacity. However, their practical application is severely hindered by the substantial volumetric expansion during cycling. To overcome this limitation, a novel silicon–carbon nanofiber/carbonized Poria powder composite was synthesized via electrospinning followed by a simple heat treatment process. The carbonized Poria powder features a hierarchical porous structure, combining macropores and mesopores. The macropores effectively trap and constrain the silicon–carbon nanofibers, thereby enhancing the structural stability, while the mesopores increase the specific surface area, facilitating improved electrolyte penetration. The composite benefits from the conductive framework of nitrogen-doped carbon fibers and carbonized Poria powder, which collectively enhance its electrochemical performance. At a current density of 0.1 A g −1 , the composite exhibits an initial discharge capacity of 1579.7 mAh g −1 and a charge capacity of 1455.5 mAh g −1 . After 1000 cycles, the discharge capacity is maintained at 1277.2 mAh g −1 , corresponding to a capacity retention rate of 80.8%. Additionally, at a scan rate of 0.5 mV s −1 , the composite demonstrates a high pseudocapacitive contribution of 91.56%, which improves the lithium-ion diffusion rate, reduces cycling-induced stress and side reactions, and mitigates capacity degradation over extended cycling.
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Small
·
2025
·
IF 12.1
Wanting Yang,Hexiang Di,Suojiang Zhang,Lan Zhang
Anode-free lithium metal batteries (AFLMBs) are attracting significant attention due to their easy fabrication and high volumetric energy density. However, inhomogeneous deposition of lithium usually leads to dead Li or dendrites, in the meantime, the limited active lithium inventory also restricts the cycle life of AFLMB. In this study, a mixed ion/electron conductive interlayer (SNAF) composed of Si nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes (CNT), lithium polyacrylic acid (PAALi), and LiF is designed to stabilize the deposition process of lithium. Of which Si serves as a lipophilic site and reduces the nuclei overpotential, CNT decreases the local current density and thus enhances the high current deposition stability, while PAALi and LiF work as an artificial solid electrolyte interphase (ASEI) and reduce the irreversible active Li loss. It shows that with SNAF interlayer, the thickness of the lithium deposition is close to the theoretical value even up to 10 mAh cm −2 , so as to the stripping process. Moreover, it also enabled the AFLMB to work even under the high current density of 4.29 mA cm −2 . It is believed this facile interlayer strategy can greatly promote the advancement of AFLMB research.
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