Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2026
·
IF 6.6
Kang Li,Yun Ding,Qing Mi,Qian Zhang,Xiaoyan Wei,Wanqi Wang,Yuan Sui,Ruizhi Hu,Bing Pan,Qing Yang
Low-temperature plasma polymerization enabled stable PANI grafting onto CEMs. • Membrane surface hydrophobicity was tuned to regulate the hydration-energy barrier. • Na + /Ca 2+ permselectivity increased from 0.70 to 6.06 after modification. • Hydration-mediated transport and concentration polarization jointly governed ion selectivity. • The modified membrane achieved high selectivity with only a slight loss of Na + flux. Monovalent-selective cation exchange membranes are crucial for water softening and resource recovery via electrodialysis (ED). However, effective separation of monovalent and divalent ions remains challenging due to small differences in charge and ionic size. This study employed low-temperature plasma grafting to covalently graft polyaniline onto cation exchange membrane substrates. Iodinated linear alkanes with varying carbon chain lengths were used to quaternize the polyaniline layer, modulating surface hydration energy. Increasing the carbon chain length enhanced membrane hydrophobicity, and the Na + /Ca 2+ permselectivity of the PANI-C 5 CEM increased from 0.70 to 6.06. In mixed-salt systems, Ca 2+ experienced stronger electrostatic repulsion and additional migration resistance due to the interception effect of surrounding Na + ions. This work demonstrates that integrating surface hydration energy regulation with ionic competition effects is an effective strategy for developing high-performance monovalent-selective membranes. Download: Download high-res image (199KB) Download: Download full-size image
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PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
·
2026
·
IF 7.9
Tongrui Zhang,Zhengyi Xu,Min Nie
Endowing poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with robust and durable antifouling properties has long been a critical challenge for its advanced biomedical applications. Herein, a facile grafting strategy is proposed that exploits hydration to activate the hydroxyl groups on the surface of solid PVA, enabling efficient and uniform fluorination. The modified PVA surfaces exhibit pronounced hydrophobicity and oleophobicity, establishing the basis for its excellent antifouling performance. Moreover, the permeability of the grafted fluorinated layer permits ordered water penetration, leading to the formation of a stable interfacial hydration layer. This hydration layer can precisely and reversibly modulate the surface modulus (from 300 kPa to 0 kPa), thereby tuning the mechanical adaptability to meet the requirements of specific biological surfaces. Consequently, this approach yields a versatile PVA-based material that integrates static antifouling properties with dynamically tunable surface mechanics, providing a robust platform for the design of next-generation, functional PVA-based biomedical devices.
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Journal of Materials Research and Technology-JMR&T
·
2026
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IF 7.3
Xuefei Li,Lingyun Qin,Zumin Wu,Qiren Huang,Zhiwei Guo,Xiuqin Bai,Chengqing Yuan
To address severe friction and wear of water lubricated bearings under boundary lubrication caused by the low viscosity of water, a functional composite was developed by grafting a hydrophilic layer onto Si 3 N 4 /PU and incorporating load bearing hydrogel particles. The design utilizes the hydration lubrication of the surface hydrophilic layer in the initial friction stage and the sustained hydration lubrication of exposed hydrogel particles after wear, thereby maintaining an improved hydration lubrication state throughout the entire friction process. Systematic materials tests (contact angle, compression, and reciprocating friction) were conducted to investigate the effects of hydrogel content, while bearing-level bench tests under various specific pressures were carried out with pure PU bearings as a reference to verify the practical tribological performance. The composite with 0.5 wt% hydrogel showed optimal performance. Under 40 N, its friction coefficient (0.23) and wear rate (8.5 × 10 −6 mm 3 /(N·m)) were reduced by 19% and 53.1% compared with the hydrogel-free composite. Under 0.3 MPa, the composite bearing reduced friction coefficient and wear volume by 12.1% and 65% relative to pure PU (0.19 and 0.8 mm 3 ). Notably, when specific pressure increased from 0.3 to 0.7 MPa, the composite's average friction coefficient further decreased by 59.9%, showing a continuous declining trend with increasing load, indicating excellent load-adaptive capacity. This study provides an effective approach for improving the tribological performance of water-lubricated bearing materials under boundary lubrication.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·Vol. 65
·期 35
·20464-20471
·
IF 4.6
Sun Ling,Gao Zhanyong,Li Huimin,Xu Xinyi,Zhao Di,Li Huanrong
Silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) with
exceptional luminescence
suffer
from an aggregation-induced loss of their unique quantum confinement
effects. LTA zeolites are ideal hosts for stabilizing AgNCs, yet most
reported water-responsive AgNC@LTA systems only exhibit binary luminescence
switching, restricting high-resolution multilevel environmental monitoring.
Herein, we construct a Mg 2+ -regulated AgNC@LTA system via
sequential ion exchange and thermal treatment. The as-prepared Ag-LTA(Na/Mg)
achieves continuous three-state luminescence switching with yellow
emission in dehydration, red in slight hydration, and green in full
hydration. Mechanistic studies reveal that Mg 2+ isolates
AgNCs, blocks framework-to-cluster charge transfer, and stabilizes
the intermediate excited state. The luminescence was confirmed as
phosphorescence. This material realizes a naked-eye-resolvable color
transition over 0%–60% relative humidity with excellent reversibility,
breaking the binary limitation and offering an avenue for high-precision
visual humidity sensors.
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Soft Matter
·
2025
·
IF 2.8
Chaobao Wang,Yangyu Xi,Xinqi Zou,Xiuqin Bai,Jiale Chen,Binlu Zhang
Water lubrication, a green lubrication solution for underwater equipment, has attracted growing research attention. However, the creation of stable lubricating films in open-water environments remains a stubborn challenge. To address this issue, a facile method put forward to achieve the self-targeted transfer of hydration lubrication films underwater by preparing the polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) and PDA NPs/polyurethane (PU) composites. The self-targeted transfer behavior is intrinsically attributed to the adhesive and hydration properties of catechol groups within PDA NPs, nanoscale of PDA NPs and the designed structure of the nanocomposites. Comprehensive topographical and chemical analyses, along with tribological characterizations, verify the lubrication and anti-wear effects resulting from the self-targeted hydration lubrication of the nanocomposites. This research presents a novel method for enhancing the load-bearing capacity and stability of water lubrication, and demonstrates excellent performance in water-lubricated bearings.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
摩擦学
·
表面工程
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JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 6
Junsik Choi,Jinho Hyun
Complex 3D devices require a printing technique for curved geometries under mild conditions. Here, effective 3D transfer printing is achieved by simple water-assisted adhesion switching using a cellulose nanofiber (CNF) film. Patterns printed on the CNF film are transferred to target surfaces by simple hydration of the CNF film. As the CNF film gradually hydrates, the hydrogen bonding between the printed patterns and the film surface weakens. This reduction in adhesion allows the easy delamination of patterns from the CNF film and the spontaneous transfer to target surfaces such as polymers, ceramics, and metals, which have stronger adhesion than the hydrated CNF surface. This hydration-triggered process enables both high-fidelity printing on curved surfaces and functional integrity and easy repair of electrical devices, paving the way for advanced fabrication of flexible electronic circuits.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
·
电子工程
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COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
·
2025
·
IF 14.2
Jihong Jiang,Han Wang,Junlin Lin,Zhiyong Liu,Laibo Li,Yali Li,Zongjin Li,Lingchao Lu,Yunjian Li,Zeyu Lu
Previous studies primarily considered TiO 2 as a nano-filler to accelerate cement hydration due to the nucleation site effect. However, hydroxyl free radicals (•OH), released from TiO 2 under UV irradiation, also exhibit great potential to accelerate cement hydration owing to their high nucleophilicity arising from unpaired electrons. This study is the first to reveal the accelerating mechanism of •OH generated by photoexcited nano-TiO 2 on cement hydration. Current experimental results indicated that 5.0 wt% addition of photoexcited nano-TiO 2 (under 6 h of UV irradiation during the early curing stage) improved the dissolution rate of tricalcium silicate (C 3 S) by 30 %, followed by a 35 % increase in the hydration degree of cement paste. More importantly, the polymerization degree and high-density content of C–S–H gels were also improved by 26 % and 13 %, accompanied by a 46 % reduction in porosity of the composites. All the aforementioned improvements were attributed to the presence of •OH generated by photoexcited nano-TiO 2 , which significantly accelerated cement hydration by accelerating C 3 S dissolution, facilitating faster nucleation and growth of C–S–H gels. In addition, the Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the accelerating effect of •OH on cement hydration may stem from the stronger interaction between •OH and the Ca ion on the C 3 S surface compared to the water molecule, and the increased surface nucleophilicity due to the dispersion of unpaired elections from •OH to all the O ions in the surface layer. These findings provide a high-efficiency approach to accelerate cement hydration by photoexcited nano-TiO 2 , thereby paving the way for the development of advanced and sustainable cement-based materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
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JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
·
2020
·
IF 3.306
Yuhang Chen,Jie Zhang,Zhiyong Tang,Yuhan Sun
The 2-phenylethanol production by traditional chemical methods requires multi-step reactions, in which harsh conditions such as high temperature or strong acid/base are required and undesired by-products are easily produced. The visible light catalyzed anti-Markovnikov hydration of styrene is a single-step reaction using non-toxic catalyst under mild conditions. However, this reaction usually takes ten or even dozens of hours, facing the problem in scale up. The present work aims to intensify this reaction in continuous flow microreactor with comparison to traditional batch reactor. The effects of light source shape, reaction temperature, substrate concentration and catalyst concentration on the reaction were investigated. The continuous flow microreactor permitted to ensure more uniform light intensity and larger specific surface area, the reaction rate could thus be enhanced. The maximum productivity of 2-phenylethanol was 0.122 mol/(L.h), which was 2.5 times higher than that obtained in test tube under the same reaction conditions and 34 times higher than that reported in previous literature. The optimal photosensitizer concentration was 2 %. The increase of substrate concentration would lead to the addition reaction between styrene cationic intermediates with styrene, thereby decreasing the selectivity of 2-phenylethanol.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
催化化学
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Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials
·
2025
·
IF 4.2
Yimu Wang,Jinqing Jia,Dingming Zhang
The effect of low concentration (not exceeding 2%) calcium formate (CF) on the hydration process of tricalcium aluminate (C3A, Ca3Al2O6, the fastest hydrating component in cement)-gypsum systems was investigated in this study using methods such as isothermal calorimetry, XRD, TGA-DSC and SEM. Results demonstrate that a higher dosage of CF corresponds to a more pronounced enhancement in C3A hydration. Furthermore, CF inhibits the initial formation of hydrogarnet (C3AH6, Ca3Al2(OH)12) and promotes the formation of ettringite (AFt) in C3A-gypsum system at 2 h hydration. However, after 1 d hydration, CF facilitates the conversion of excess C3A to C3AH6, which delays the transformation of AFt to AFm. SEM observations reveal that the CF-induced reduction in the size of AFt crystals, formed during C3A hydration, facilitates their more effective filling of interstitial voids within the hydration products, thereby contributing to the formation of a more resilient interlocking structure.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
水泥化学
·
无机非金属材料
·
建筑材料
·
水化动力学
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CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 8
Huan Gu,Xinlu Bo,Zhenyi Zhou,Qi Jiang,Qianqian Ye,Wenguang Zhou,Guomin Zhao,Hongwei Yu,Jieyu Zhang
To improve the water resistance, the foamed magnesium oxychloride cement (FMOC) composites were constructed using sodium citrate (SC) as a modifier by the physical foaming strategy. Through a universal testing machine, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, and other methods, the properties of the composites before and after being soaked in water for 24 h were tested, while the performance mechanism was investigated. Compared with unmodified FMOC, the compressive strength of FMOC/SC was improved by 266 % to 4.31 MPa, while the softening coefficient was enhanced by 237 % to 0.83. These improvements can be ascribed to the transformation of rod-like phase crystal (5Mg(OH) 2 ·MgCl 2 ·8H 2 O) into gel-like phase crystal caused by induction of Mg 2+ chelation with SC, which attached to MgO surface, thereby delaying the hydration reaction and enhancing the water resistance of FMOC. The use of SC for FMOC significantly promotes its potential for application in wet environments.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
土木工程
·
化学工程
·
建筑材料
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Matter
·
2025
·
IF 17.5
Jun Liu,Jianen Zhang,Qi Xue,Huiying Gao,Shirui Zhang,Jinfeng Xie,Li Guan,Xiaohong Zhang,He Huang
The development of high-performance transparent conductors (TCs) is critical for advancing transparent electronics and optoelectronic devices. While n-type TCs are well established, the development of p-type TCs remains hindered by the limited availability of suitable materials. In this study, the layered double perovskite Cs 4 ZnBi 2 Cl 12 was synthesized as a promising p-type TC, which exhibits a wide direct band gap of 3.56 eV and intrinsic p-type conductivity. A hydration-mediated strategy was developed to trigger a near-spherical nanocrystal-to-nanorod transformation and modulate the electronic structure. First-principles calculations clarify that the lattice compressive strain induced by hydration significantly reduces the hole effective mass while increasing conductivity from 8.99 to 9.21 mS cm −1 , outperforming traditional p-type TCs, such as CuAlO 2 (3.4 mS cm −1 ) and SrCu 2 O 2 (0.48 mS cm −1 ). These findings not only provide experimental validation of the theoretical predictions regarding Cs 4 ZnBi 2 Cl 12 as a p-type TC but also establish a hydration strategy for optimizing the optical and electrical performance of layered double perovskites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光电子学
·
凝聚态物理
·
纳米材料
·
电子结构理论
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JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 6
Yuqiang Zhou,Xixi Zhou,Shuang Ou,Hongwei Zhao,Tongbo Pan,Zhongzhong Qian,Qinglong Xie,Yong Nie
1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO) as an important chemical intermediate can be used in the synthesis of polyesters, plasticizers, and surfactants. Catalytic hydration of acrolein to 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3-HPA) is a key step for the industrial production of 1,3-PDO from renewable glycerol. However, conventional acid catalytic hydration reactions have the issue of low 3-HPA yield resulting from the trade-off effect between acrolein conversion and 3-HPA selectivity, which is mainly due to the formation of unstable intermediates in the reaction pathway and the high reaction energy barriers. Here, we developed a synergistically catalytic system consisting of proton-donating carboxyl groups as the Brønsted acid sites and amino groups as the Lewis base sites, which was employed in acrolein hydration reaction. Compared with the acid catalytic process, the acrolein conversion significantly increased from 11.9 % to 89.3 % under the acid-base synergistic catalysis, with the 3-HPA selectivity increased from 95.5 % to 97.1 %. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the reaction intermediates can be stabilized via the robust C N covalent bonds. Moreover, the energy barrier of the acrolein hydration reaction is reduced from 58.2 to 46.2 kcal/mol, which contributes to the increase in the 3-HPA yield.
研究领域:
催化化学
·
有机化学
·
理论化学
·
工业化学
·
绿色化学
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