Microfluidics and Nanofluidics
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2019
·Vol. 23
·期 5
·1-9
·
IF 2.437
Yang Xiaohan,Weldetsadik Netsanet Tesfaye,Hayat Zafar,Fu Taotao,Jiang Shaokun,Zhu Chunying,Ma Youguang
The aim of this work was to experimentally examine apparent rheological properties of fluids in microchannels based on pressure drop. Pressure drops of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids in microchannels were measured using pressure sensors. The effects of flow rate, Reynolds number, and viscosity of fluids on the pressure drop of single phase flow in microchannels were investigated, and the measurements of pressure drop were compared with prediction models. For Newtonian fluids, the friction factor in the laminar regime is f/ 2 = 26/ Re . The results show that the pressure drop of Newtonian fluid is in good agreement with the prediction formula proposed by Cornish. However, the pressure drop of non-Newtonian fluid deviates from the theoretical prediction. A power-law is proposed for the relationship between the apparent viscosity of non-Newtonian fluid and the characteristic shear rate in a microchannel based on the pressure drop measurement. This relationship between the apparent viscosity and the characteristic shear rate in a specific microchannel is completely different from the rheological curve measured by cone-and-plate rheometer, due to the heterogeneous distribution of shear rates at the radial direction for non-Newtonian fluids flowing in a microchannel.
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CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN CHINESE UNIVERSITIES
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2019
·Vol. 35
·期 3
·537-541
·
IF 1.071
Huang Sa,Han Qinghe,Wang Lei,Gong Tingting,Yuan Qinghai
Polyethylene glycol modified(PEGylated) NaGdF 4 (PEG-NaGdF 4 ) nanoparticles as a novel T 1 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) contrast agent was successfully constructed by a one-pot hydrothermal synthesis method. Because of the functionalization of PEG, the nanoprobes had excellent dispersity, excellent stability and high biocompatibility. More importantly, the as-prepared PEG-NaGdF 4 nanoprobes revealed the high longitudinal relaxivity value and prominent T 1 -weighted MRI contrast performance, which was superior to the commercial MRI contrast agents. With the facile synthesis, excellent dispersity, outstanding stability, remarkable contrast performance and high biocompatibility, the PEGylated NaGdF 4 nanoparticles brought more opportunities to the new generation of nanoparticulate-based T 1 -weighted MRI contrast agents in clinic.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2019
·Vol. 26
·期 10
·10136-10147
·
IF 2.914
Yi Yunqiang,Wu Juan,Tu Guoquan,Zhao Dongye,Fang Zhanqiang,Tsang Pokeung Eric
The removal of contaminants by iron-based nanomaterials was inevitably affected by the natural organic matter (NOM), which is one of the most abundant material on earth and exists in natural waters. This study was performed to investigate the main influence of humic acid (HA, representing NOM) on the behavior and reactivity of Ni/Fe nanoparticles in the removal of deca-brominated diphenyl ether (BDE209). Generally, the inhibitory effect of HA on the removal of BDE209 by Ni/Fe showed greater significance with an increase of HA concentration. The zeta potential and sedimentation experiments showed that the HA enhanced the dispersion and stabilization of Ni/Fe particles; however, the removal of BDE209 was found to be inhibited. Moreover, the corrosion capacity of the Ni/Fe nanoparticles showed a positive correlation with the effect of HA on the reactivity of Ni/Fe nanoparticles. Meanwhile, typical quinone compounds in HA had an adverse effect on the removal of BDE209. Additionally, the competitive adsorption experiments and characterization illustrated that the adsorption of HA by Ni/Fe nanoparticles was superior to BDE209. Overall, it was proposed that the corrosion of Ni/Fe was reduced as the contact between the nanoparticles and H 2 O was hindered due to the surface of Ni/Fe was occupied by the adsorbed HA, and thus inhibited the reactivity of Ni/Fe nanoparticles in the removal of BDE209.
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WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
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2019
·Vol. 230
·期 3
·1-15
·
IF 1.774
Sun Qi,Lu Jian,Wu Jun,Zhu Guangcan
Huge amounts of natural bischofite (MgCl 2 ∙6H 2 O) resulting from the mining process of salt lakes often cannot be utilized effectively and are discarded; techniques for reutilization of the discarded bischofite as magnesium resources are limited. The nano-magnesium hydroxide (nano-Mg(OH) 2 ) synthesized from natural bischofite was firstly used as catalyst for ozonation of antibiotics including sulfathiazole (ST), ofloxacin (OFL), and tetracycline (TC). Rapid ozonation of ST, OFL, and TC was achieved using nano-Mg(OH) 2 as catalyst. The removal rate constant of OFL in the catalytic ozonation treatment (k OFL = 0.512 min −1 ) was nearly 2.1 times higher than the single ozonation (k OFL = 0.249 min −1 ). The removal rate constant of ST and TC increased by 23.5% and 32.8% from 0.298 min −1 and 0.384 min −1 to 0.368 min −1 and 0.510 min −1 , respectively, when the catalyst was added into the reaction system. The removal rate constant of ST sharply increased from 0.259 to 0.604 min −1 when the reaction temperature increased from 15 to 35 °C while those of OFL and TC changes slightly. The removal efficiency sharply decreased when the initial concentration of ST, OFL, and TC increased from 10 to 500 mg L −1 . Both anions and cations could inhibit the removal of ST, OFL, and TC at relatively higher concentrations. The prepared nano-Mg(OH) 2 catalyst could maintain its catalytic activity in the repeated use process. High removal efficiency of typical antibiotics and heavy metals free indicated that nano-Mg(OH) 2 from natural bischofite is a promising ozonation catalyst in terms of antibiotics removal.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2019
·Vol. 54
·期 22
·14055-14063
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IF 3.442
Wang Yu-Chong,Sun Zhong-Sen,Wang Su-Zhen,Wang Shu-Ying,Cai Sheng-Xun,Huang Xin-Yu,Li Ke,Chi Zong-Tao,Pan Shu-Di,Xie Wan-Feng
Metal oxide semiconductor sensors based on nanocrystalline In 2 O 3 and its composites are found to be very sensitive in detecting low-concentration (~ 5 ppm) gases such as ozone, nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde and butane. Here, we successfully obtained fiber-shaped In 2 O 3 crystalline nanofibers via electrospun and calcination routes. The gas sensing properties of the In 2 O 3 nanofibers were studied by exposing them to the acetic acid vapor with different concentrations from 500 ppb to 2000 ppm at the optimum operating temperature (250 °C). The device possesses ultra-high response of 66.7 toward 2000 ppm acetic acid vapor, low response and recovery times of 25 s and 37 s (100 ppm), respectively, and significant selectivity to acetic acid at 100 ppm. In particular, the sensor based on In 2 O 3 nanofibers has very low detection limit and can reach 500 ppb. Therefore, the presented In 2 O 3 nanofiber sensor can be used in practice in acetic acid detection area in the future.
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JOURNAL OF POROUS MATERIALS
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2019
·Vol. 26
·期 6
·1839-1850
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IF 1.947
He Lei,Zhang Yaqin,Zheng Yane,Jia Qingming,Shan Shaoyun,Dong Yanan
An effective catalyst of MIL-101(Fe)/TiO 2 composite was synthesized by solvothermal method. The resultant MIL-101(Fe)/TiO 2 was used for advanced oxidation degradation of tetracycline (TC) for the first time. The results indicated that the MIL-101(Fe)/TiO 2 showed higher TC degradation efficiency than pure MIL-101(Fe) or TiO 2 with the persulfate. Using 1 g L −1 MIL-101(Fe)/TiO 2 and persulfate at pH 7, 90.15% degradation rate was achieved under xenon lamp irradiation in 5 min for 20 mg L −1 TC. TiO 2 introduced in the composite played an important role in the degradation process, in which TiO 2 had a synergetic effect with Fe 3+ to generate Fe 2+ , Ti 3+ and radicals. Fe 2+ reacted with persulfate to produce Fe 3+ and a number of · OH to degrade TC. This reaction process was so fast that MIL-101(Fe)/TiO 2 with persulfate could degrade TC fairly rapidly. A novel TiO 2 -based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) composite was more efficient for degrading pharmaceutical wastewater.
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Food Analytical Methods
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2019
·Vol. 12
·期 10
·2161-2171
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IF 2.413
Lai Xiaoxia,Yan Shang,Ye Nengsheng,Xiang Yuhong
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) can catalyze the hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine iodide (S-ACh-I) to produce thiocholine, which can crosslink with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by Au-S covalent bond and trigger AuNPs aggregation. The catalytic ability of aggregation of AuNPs is less than dispersed AuNPs. In the presence of carbaryl, which can inhibit the catalysis activity of AChE, therefore, the production amounts of thiocholine and aggregation degree were decreased. In the Fehling reaction, low aggregation degree AuNPs was used to catalyze the reduction of Cu 2+ by glucose to form large size Cu 2 O particle. Large Cu 2 O particle has high resonance scattering signal intensities, which is negative correlated with carbaryl concentration. The developed assay was applied to detect the carbaryl in aqueous solutions, and two excellent linear relationships were obtained in the range of 0.03–3.31 nM and 26.50–265.05 nM. The limit of detection (LOD) of carbaryl was down to 17.49 pM. The proposed method was successfully used to determine the concentration of spiked carbaryl in the apple matrix, and satisfactory recovery and repeatability were obtained.
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IONICS
·
2019
·Vol. 25
·期 11
·5353-5360
·
IF 2.289
Ren Xiaoying,Xu Tao,Du Junlin,Pu Zhaohui,Wang Runbo,Wu Zhu
High-temperature battery system operated at or below 300 °C is highly desired for geothermal borehole applications. However, it remains a challenge to find suitable electrode materials meeting the need of wide borehole temperature. In this study, the discharge performance of Li 2 MoO 4 /LiNO 3 -KNO 3 /Li-Mg-B alloy battery system was studied over the temperature range of 150~300 °C with different current densities ranging from 10 to 30 mA cm −2 . The electrochemical test result showed that the single cell delivered maximum discharge capacity at 250 °C, with value of 1178.6 mAh g −1 at a current density of 10 mA cm −2 . Besides, it is found that the discharge capacities of the single cell increased as the current density rose at 300 °C attributed to the enhanced ionic conductivity at high temperature. As a result, the Li 2 MoO 4 /LiNO 3 -KNO 3 /Li-Mg-B alloy system is capable of being used in instrumentation for geothermal and oil/gas borehole explore between 200 and 250 °C.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2019
·Vol. 30
·期 16
·14954-14966
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IF 2.195
Fang Hongjun,Pan Yusong,Yin Minyuan,Pan Chengling
Active co-catalysts have been extensively used for improving photocatalytic activity in semiconductor-based photocatalytic systems. Herein, 2D alkalized Ti 3 C 2 (Ti 3 C 2 -OH) nano-sheets were coupled with CdS via a facile electrostatic self-assembly strategy and combined with hydrothermal method to prepare Ti 3 C 2 -OH/CdS photocatalyst. The morphologies, crystal phases, optical and photoelectrical properties of the prepared photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, FTIR, PL, and EIS analysis, respectively. The photocatalytic degradation results verified that the photo-degradation performance of Ti 3 C 2 -OH/CdS photocatalyst (degradation of 97% RhB in 100 min) was obviously superior to that of pure CdS (degradation of 70% RhB in 100 min) and Ti 3 C 2 /CdS (degradation of 82% RhB in 100 min). The active species trapping experiments for Ti 3 C 2 -OH/CdS photocatalyst revealed that the superoxide radical ( · O 2 − ) and holes (h + ) were the predominant species for degradation of RhB. Furthermore, the Ti 3 C 2 -OH co-catalyst in the Ti 3 C 2 -OH/CdS composite not only played the role of promoting the effective separation of photo-generated electron–hole pairs, but also constructing strong connections with CdS semiconductor to establish heterostructure, ultimately enhancing the photocatalytic performance of the Ti 3 C 2 -OH/CdS photocatalyst.
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CELLULOSE
·
2019
·Vol. 26
·期 12
·7483-7494
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IF 3.917
Lu Zhou,Liu Jian,Dong Chaohong,Zhang Zheng,Wei Dongdong
Abstract A novel fluorinated pyridinium polysiloxane quaternary ammonium salt (ATPDMS-NF) was synthesized and used as an antibacterial and hydrophobic agent. The chemical structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance. The surface morphology of treated cotton fabrics was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The thermal stability was measured by thermogravimetric analysis. The Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) antibacterial rate was about 98.99, 99.49, 99.49% and the Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) antibacterial rate was about 99.00, 99.50, 99.50%. The inhibition zone was 1 mm and 3.5 mm against E. coli and S. aureus . In addition, the treated cotton fabrics showed excellent hydrophobic properties, and the water contact angle (WCA) increased to 122.82° compared with cotton fabrics without treatment whose WCA was 71.44°. As a result of the performed modifications, multifunctional fabrics with a considerably increased hydrophobicity, thermal stability and high antibacterial property were obtained. Graphic abstract Process of grafting ATPDMS-NF onto cotton fabric and performance display.
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Food Analytical Methods
·
2019
·Vol. 12
·期 9
·1938-1948
·
IF 2.413
Liang Ting,Gao Lei,Qin Dongli,Chen Ligang
A method for determination of sulfonylurea herbicides (SUHs) in grain was developed by using mesoporous structured molecularly imprinted polymers (M-MIPs) as adsorbents of matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) extraction, coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In this method, M-MIPs were synthesized by selecting chlorimuron-ethyl as template molecule, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as mesoporous structure directing agent, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as functional monomer, and tetraethyl orthosilicate as crosslinker. Then, M-MIPs were characterized by diverse instrumental techniques, absorption characteristics of M-MIPs were studied, and the experimental conditions for the MSPD extraction were optimized. MSPD enabled extraction and clean-up steps to be completed simultaneously. The M-MIPs with mesoporous structure improved detection selectivity, increased adsorptive capacity, and accelerated adsorption rate. Under the best conditions, excellent linearity of SUHs was obtained in the range of 0.25–25 μg kg −1 , the determination limits of chlorimuron-ethyl, nicosulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl and chlorsulfuron were 0.075, 0.069, 0.083, and 0.105 μg kg −1 , respectively. The relative standard deviations were less than 5.5%.
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JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
·
2019
·Vol. 38
·期 1
·1-15
·
IF 5.646
Li Zizhuo,Chen Yaodong,An Tingting,Liu Pengfei,Zhu Jiyuan,Yang Haichao,Zhang Wei,Dong Tianxiu,Jiang Jian,Zhang Yu,Jiang Maitao,Yang Xiuhua
Background Nuciferine (NF), extracted from the leaves of N. nucifera Gaertn, has been shown to exhibit anti-tumor and anti-viral pharmacological properties. It can also penetrate the blood brain barrier (BBB). However, the mechanism by which NF inhibits glioblastoma (GBM) progression is not well understood. We aimed to determine the anti-tumor effect of NF on GBM cell lines and clarify the potential molecular mechanism involved.Methods U87MG and U251 cell lines were used in vitro to assess the anti-tumor efficacy of NF. Cytotoxicity, viability, and proliferation were evaluated by MTT and colony formation assay. After Annexin V-FITC and PI staining, flow cytometry was performed to evaluate apoptosis and cell cycle changes in NF-treated GBM cells. Wound healing and Transwell assays were used to assess migration and invasion of GBM cells. Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemistry, and bioinformatics were used to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms. Preclinical therapeutic efficacy was mainly estimated by ultrasound and MRI in xenograft nude mouse models.Results NF inhibited the proliferation, mobility, stemness, angiogenesis, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of GBM cells. Additionally, NF induced apoptosis and G2 cell cycle arrest. Slug expression was also decreased by NF via the AKT and STAT3 signaling pathways. Interestingly, we discovered that NF affected GBM cells partly by targeting SOX2, which may be upstream of the AKT and STAT3 pathways. Finally, NF led to significant tumor control in GBM xenograft models.Conclusion sNF inhibited the progression of GBM via the SOX2-AKT/STAT3-Slug signaling pathway. SOX2-targeting with NF may offer a novel therapeutic approach for GBM treatment.
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