MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS
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2024
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IF 2.3
Zhihao Zhang,Dongliang Zhang,Kai Su,Dongqiang Wu,Qiqi Hu,Tianying Jin,Tingting Ye,Rongrong Zhang
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients are implicated in poor prognoses and increased mortality rates. Metastasis, as a leading cause of LUAD-related deaths, requires further investigation. Highly metastatic cancer cells often exhibit extensive characteristics of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This study attempted to identify novel targets associated with LUAD metastasis and validate their specific molecular mechanisms. Methods Bioinformatics was conducted to determine NTSR1 expression in LUAD and the enriched pathways. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to assess NTSR1 expression in LUAD tissue. qRT-PCR examined expressions of NTSR1 and Wnt/β-Catenin pathway-related genes in LUAD cells. Transwell assayed cell migration and invasion. Cell adhesion experiments were conducted to evaluate cell adhesion capacity. Western blot analysis was employed to examine expression of EMT, Wnt/β-Catenin pathway, and cell adhesion markers. Results NTSR1 was upregulated in LUAD tissues and cells, and enriched in EMT pathway. Knockdown of NTSR1 reduced migration, invasion, and adhesion abilities in LUAD cells, and inhibited EMT progression and Wnt/β-Catenin pathway. Rescue experiments demonstrated that β-Catenin activator SKL2001 reversed repressive influence of NTSR1 knockdown on LUAD cell malignant phenotypes and EMT progression. Conclusion The data obtained in this study suggested that NTSR1 stimulated EMT and metastasis in LUAD via Wnt/β-Catenin pathway. This finding may provide options for overcoming LUAD metastasis.
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Nature Communications
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2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-11
·
IF 15.7
Gao Jie,Li Jiahui,Miao Lei,Jia Lida,Qiu Pengfei,Yin Tingwei,Zhu Sijing,Yang Xinyu,Guo Jia-Chen,Chen Jun-Liang,Wang Xiaoyang,Nishibori Eiji,Sato Tomohiro,Shi Xun
β -Ag 2 Se holds a great promise for wearable thermoelectric generators due to its good mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, optimizing its power factor through alterations in the Ag/Se stoichiometric ratio or incorporating secondary phases has reached the limitation. This work adopts a liquid-like sintering strategy, namely employing the migration and precipitation of silver ions from metallic silver to the silver selenide during the spark plasma sintering process to construct significantly sized and coherent Ag-rich nanoprecipitates within flexible Ag/ β -Ag 2 Se composite films, thereby achieving an unprecedented power factor exceeding 4000 μWm −1 K −2 at 303 K. The Ag-rich nanoprecipitates play a crucial role in elevating the carrier concentration, enhancing the density-of-states effective mass, and mitigating carrier scattering caused by phase interfaces and acoustic phonons. The generator containing 5 pieces of optimal films shows an normalized output power density of 10.89 μWcm −1 K −2 under a temperature difference of 26.0 K. This study strongly suggests that the creation of Ag-rich nanoprecipitates is an effective avenue for improving the electrical performance of β -Ag 2 Se-based thermoelectric materials.
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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis
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2024
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IF 6.1
Wen Guo,Xinyue Zhang,Long Wan,Zhiqi Wang,Meiqi Han,Ziwei Yan,Jia Li,Ruizhu Deng,Shenglong Li,Yuling Mao,Siling Wang
Particle size and surface properties are crucial for lymphatic drainage (LN), dendritic cell (DC) uptake, DC maturation, and antigen cross-presentation induced by nanovaccine injection, which lead to an effective cell-mediated immune response. However, the manner in which the particle size and surface properties of vaccine carriers such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) affect this immune response is unknown. We prepared 50, 100, and 200 nm of MSNs that adsorbed ovalbumin antigen (OVA) while modifying β -glucan to enhance immunogenicity. The results revealed that these MSNs with different particle sizes were just as efficient in vitro , and MSNs with β -glucan modification demonstrated higher efficacy. However, the in vivo results indicated that MSNs with smaller particle sizes have stronger lymphatic targeting efficiency and a greater ability to promote the maturation of DCs. The results also indicate that β -glucan-modified MSN, with a particle size of ∼100 nm, has a great potential as a vaccine delivery vehicle and immune adjuvant and offers a novel approach for the delivery of multiple therapeutic agents that target other lymph-mediated diseases.
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FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
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2024
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IF 11
Qi Wu,Xinna Hu,Shuyu Lu,Bo Xu,Chenyu Bai,Tao Ma,Yi Song
Pickering emulsions stabilized by polysaccharides and protein complexes have attracted increasing attention. Exploring their interfacial activities and adsorption behaviors at the oil–water interface is of great significance for deepening our understanding of the emulsification mechanism and improving the properties of polysaccharide/protein-stabilized emulsions. Here, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with rod-like structures and spherical β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) proteins were selected as representative stabilizers. We initially investigated the interaction between the 2 at pH 2.0–7.0 through a multiscale approach. Then, oil–water interfacial tension tests were used to assess the interfacial activities of CNCs and β-LG, revealing that β-LG exerted primary influence over the interfacial behavior in their complexes. Meanwhile, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation was used to monitor the interfacial adsorption behaviors of CNCs, β-LG, and CNC/β-LG complexes, demonstrating that the interfacial layer formed by the CNC/β-LG complexes on the oil film (∼696.7 ng/cm 2 ) was thicker and more stable compared with that formed by individual CNCs (∼48.4 ng/cm 2 ) or β-LG (∼87.1 ng/cm 2 ). Finally, we applied the CNC/β-LG complexes as stabilizers in Pickering emulsions and the emulsions prepared with the complexes at concentrations above 0.8 wt% exhibited storage stability for up to 28 d which confirmed their exceptional emulsifying ability and practical value. This study provides profound insights into the interfacial behavior of polysaccharide–protein complexes in Pickering emulsions and is expected to facilitate the design of novel food-grade emulsifiers.
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npj Science of Food
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2025
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·1-11
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IF 7.8
Ma Bo,Miao Yuanxin,Xu Yan,Li Feng,Zhu Deyan,Li Rong,Huang Yechuan
This study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of puerarin (PUE) and β-lactoglobulin (β-lg). The results of the in vitro antioxidant assay revealed that the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging rates of the PUE/β-lg complex were generally superior to those of free PUE within the tested experimental concentration range. The in vivo antioxidant activity assay, using Caenorhabditis elegans ( C. elegans ) as a model organism, showed that the PUE/β-lg complex significantly increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) content in C. elegans , and also increased the mean lifespan of C. elegans under oxidative and thermal stress conditions. Transcriptomic analysis showed that the PUE/β-lg complex regulated the mRNA expression levels of genes associated with the activation of various signaling pathways, such as the longevity regulation pathway, insulin signaling pathway, and GSH metabolism. Overall, this study demonstrated the potential of the PUE/β-lg complex as an antioxidant, which can lead to its development into food products or pharmaceuticals.
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Dermatologica Sinica
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2025
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IF 2.2
Peng Yan,He Ling,Yang Xiaoqiong,Zhao Aijie
Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), a kind of nonscarring baldness, is an androgen-dependent autosomal dominant polymorphism. Compound glycyrrhizin (CG), a compound preparation-containing glycyrrhizin, aminoacetic, and methionine, has been used to treat alopecia areata. Objectives: Our study aimed to explore the role of CG in hair regrowth in testosterone-induced AGA mouse model and the proliferation of human hair dermal papilla cells (HDPCs) and the related molecular mechanisms. Methods: The AGA mouse model was established through the injection of testosterone. The in vivo therapeutic effects of CG on AGA were assessed by detecting skin color changes, hair growth time, average hair length, and histological score. Human HDPCs after CG treatment were subjected to CCK-8 assay to evaluate cell proliferation. The impacts of CG on growth factor expression and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in mouse dorsal skins and HDPCs were determined by undertaking western blotting, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence staining. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor XAV939 was used to validate the beneficial role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation in CG-mediated hair growth. Results: Our results showed that CG facilitated new hair growth and increased hair follicle numbers on the depilated dorsal area of the model mice. Furthermore, CG administration upregulated p-GSK-3β, β-catenin, cyclin D1, Axin2, LEF1, fibronectin, and survivin levels in the dorsal skins of model mice. In vitro assays revealed that CG promoted cell proliferation, elevated the mRNA levels of growth factors-related genes (insulin-like growth factors-1 (IGF-1), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)), and increased p-GSK-3β, β-catenin, cyclin D1, Axin2, LEF1, fibronectin, and survivin protein levels in HDPCs. Importantly, XAV939 treatment debilitated the promotion of CG on hair regrowth in model mice and human hair dermal papilla cell (HPDC) proliferation. Conclusion: The beneficial role of CG in hair regrowth in AGA mice and HDPC cell proliferation depends on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation and the subsequent growth factor production in hair follicles. These results imply the potential of CG in the treatment of AGA.
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RENEWABLE ENERGY
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2025
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IF 9.1
Naidong Li,Chunxia Song,Shaoyun Shan,Hongfei Gao,Najla AlMasoud,Changfu Zhuang,Taghrid S. Alomar,Zeinhom M. El-Bahy,Hassan Algadi,Juanna Ren,Zhanhu Guo,Juan Xu
β-pinene represents a biomass-derived hydrocarbon characterized by its distinctive bicyclic structure. It is important to synthesize high-density fuels with excellent performance using β-pinene as the basic structural unit. In this study, a series of high-density fuels were synthesized through the oxidation of β-pinene, base-catalyzed (KOH, NaOH, etc.) aldol condensation, and catalytic hydrodeoxygenation using Pd/C and Hβ catalysts. The reaction conditions, including the catalyst type, reaction time, catalyst concentration and reaction temperature, were optimized for the aldol condensation reaction. Additionally, the reaction activities of nopinone with different aldehydes and the energy changes during the hydrodeoxygenation process were calculated to speculate on potential reaction paths and elucidate the reaction mechanism. The liquid hydrocarbon product obtained from hydrogenation and decompression distillation has a higher density (0.864∼0.878 g cm -3 ) and a net combustion heat of 45.42∼46.67 MJ kg -1 than the petroleum-based aviation fuel RP-3, and a lower freezing point (-22.8∼-65.1°C) and viscosity (9.09∼47.01 mm 2 s -1 ,0°C) than pinene dimer fuel. These favorable properties indicate that the synthesized hydrocarbon fuels have the potential to be used as a high-density fuel.
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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
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2025
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IF 3.3
Hong-Yu Li,Wei-Lan Zeng,Yi-Wen Ye,Xin Chen,Ming-Ming Zhang,Yi-Si Chen,Cui-Ting Liu,Zhun-Qiang Zhong,Jing Li,Yan Wang
Glia maturation factor-β (Gmfb), an actin filament debrancher, was initially identified in brain and recently linked to liver diseases. To investigate the role of hepatocyte Gmfb (hep-Gmfb) in liver reparative regeneration, hepatocyte-specific gmfb knockout (HepGKO) and overexpression (HepGOE) zebrafish strains were constructed. Both transgenic and wild-type (WT) zebrafish underwent partial hepatectomy (PHX) or were fed high fat, high cholesterol diets to model metabolism-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Under physiological conditions, the HepGKO, HepGOE, and WT fish displayed similar survival, gross appearance, and liver histology. Following PHX, WT liver gmfb levels positively correlated with cell proliferation and proinflammatory cytokine levels. HepGOE showed enhanced regeneration and reduced liver steatosis compared to WT, while HepGKO exhibited opposite effects. In MASLD, WT liver gmfb increased with disease progression. HepGKO experienced worsening liver enlargement, steatosis, ballooning, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, while HepGOE showed improvements. HepGOE liver had the highest cell proliferation, but all three groups showed similar levels of cell apoptosis. Moreover, elevated proinflammatory cytokines were observed across MASLD groups, being the highest in HepGKO and lowest in HepGOE. However, stat3 activation was the lowest in HepGKO and highest in HepGOE, while jnk and mapk/erk activation was consistent across the MASLD groups. In il6-treated primary hepatocytes, gmfb abundance influenced stat3 activation, and hep-gmfb abundance significantly affected actin filaments distribution in hepatocytes both in vivo and vitro. Conclusions: Hep-Gmfb boosts regenerative processes by enhancing hepatocyte proliferation, alleviating fatty liver histological abnormalities, and modulating the Il6/Stat3 signaling, potentially through remodeling of actin-filament network within hepatocytes.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2025
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IF 5.4
Xuefang Guo,Xiaoyong Liu,Shengxiao Cao,Yile Zhang,Ying Sun,Jing Qiao,Ben Fan,Xueqin Zhang
Silicone hydrogels have emerged as promising candidates for ocular drug delivery due to their exceptional oxygen permeability. However, their inherent hydrophobicity often results in suboptimal drug-loading capacity and patient discomfort. To address these limitations, this study introduces an innovative dual-network silicone/β-CD-HA hydrogel. In this design, the primary silicone network preserves high oxygen permeability, while the secondary β-CD-HA network enhances hydrophilicity and introduces additional drug-loading sites via host-guest interactions. Levofloxacin (LVF), a broad-spectrum antibiotic, was incorporated into the hydrogel through non-covalent binding with β-CD, and the system’s drug-loading capacity, sustained release profile, in vitro bactericidal activity, and post-loading properties were systematically evaluated. The results demonstrated a total LVF loading of 959.90 ± 36.60 μg/lens in the silicone/β-CD-HA hydrogel, with sustained release extending up to 8 h. Bactericidal assays revealed markedly reduced E. coli survival rates in treated groups: 14.46 ± 0.76 % (p < 0.0001) for LVF-loaded silicone hydrogel and 10.42 ± 1.66 % (p < 0.0001) for the β-CD-HA/silicone hydrogel, underscoring the enhanced antimicrobial efficacy of the dual-network system. The integration of β-CD-HA significantly improved hydrogel hydrophilicity, increasing equilibrium water content (EWC) from 27.69 ± 0.18 % to 45.60 ± 0.19 % and reducing the surface contact angle from 99.41 ± 0.24° to 70.36 ± 0.14°. Crucially, the modified hydrogel retained functionality-critical properties, exhibiting 93.45 ± 0.42 % light transmittance and 110.45 ± 0.32 barrer oxygen permeability values well within practical application standards. Post-drug-loading characterization showed minimal changes in oxygen permeability (105.47 ± 0.18 barrer), transmittance, or mechanical integrity, confirming structural stability. These findings collectively highlight the dual-network silicone/β-CD-HA hydrogel as a robust platform for extended ocular drug delivery, effectively balancing enhanced drug loading, sustained release kinetics, without compromising essential material properties.
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LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 6.6
Peng Sun,Wenjiao Du,Yijia Zheng,Qi Sun,Xiaomeng Wu,Qing Zhao,Guangqing Mu,Changhong Ma,Zhaoxu Li,Fanhua Kong
β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) is a major allergen in dairy, and enzymatic hydrolysis is an effective way to reduce its antigenicity. This research aimed to explore the differential mechanisms of the effects of Alcalase and Flavourzyme from different manufacturers, Novozymes (N) and Yuanye (Y), on the antigenicity of β-LG. Following optimization using Response Surface Methodology, the antigenicity reduction rates of β-LG by the two Alcalase enzymes were both higher than those of Flavourzyme. However, the degree of hydrolysis indicated that there was no linear relationship between the DH and antigenicity. The results of conformational changes indicated that compared with the other three enzymes, N-Alcalase treatment significantly altered the vibrational stretching of C=O and N-H groups, accompanied by a reduction in α-helix content, fluorescence intensity, and surface hydrophobicity. Peptidomics analysis further revealed that N-Alcalase effectively removed critical allergenic linear epitope regions of β-LG, including amino acids (AA) 16–22, 88–107, and 150–158, where AA 88–107 tends to exhibit higher allergenic potential. In contrast, Flavourzyme exhibited limited efficacy in this regard. The findings indicate that N-Alcalase holds greater potential for reducing β-LG antigenicity, providing a theoretical foundation and technical support for the production of hypoallergenic dairy-based materials.
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LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 6.6
Honghui Guo,Haohong Yao,Ming'en Zhang,Guangyu Yan,Lei Yu,Hui Chen,Huangting Li,Zhuan Hong,Quanling Xie,Xiaoqing Huang
Menthol was microencapsulated with various β-cyclodextrins (β-CDs), including β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), methyl-β-cyclodextrin (ME-β-CD), and β-cyclodextrin polymer (β-CDEP), via spray-drying to enhance its water solubility and stability. This study aimed to elucidate the embedding mechanisms of menthol with the three β-CDs and identify the optimal derivative for menthol encapsulation. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the formation of inclusion microcapsules was an exothermic and spontaneous process. Combining experiments and molecular docking revealed that menthol was embedded in the cavities of the three β-CDs by distinct mechanisms. Specifically, no hydrogen bonding was observed between menthol and β-CD, with a binding energy of −2.759 kcal/mol. In contrast, menthol formed hydrogen bonds with ME-β-CD and β-CDEP, with binding energies of −3.249 kcal/mol and −5.019 kcal/mol, respectively. Thermogravimetric (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the release and retention rates at different temperatures demonstrated that all three β-CDs significantly enhanced the thermal stability of menthol. Among them, menthol/β-CDEP microcapsules exhibited the highest thermal stability and sustained-release performance during storage and heating. Additionally, the influence of different embedding structures on the stability of menthol-loaded inclusion microcapsules was investigated.
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WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
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2025
·Vol. 41
·期 8
·1-13
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IF 4.2
Jiang Cheng,Li Luli,Li Jialu
Chitinolytic enzymes are capable of hydrolyzing the cell walls of pathogenic fungi, disrupting the exoskeletons of insect pests, and producing N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine oligomers or monomers. In this study, a new β-N-acetylhexosaminidase gene encoding an enzyme from glycoside hydrolase family 20 (GH 20) was identified from the biocontrol fungus Chaetomium globosum W7. The corresponding protein was designated CgNagase20 and was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli . The molecular mass of the protein was approximately 66.7 kDa, and this enzyme exhibited maximal activity at 55 °C and pH 4.0. Heavy metal ions, particularly Fe 3+ , Ag + , and Hg 2+ , were found to strongly inhibit CgNagase20 activity. CgNagase20 exhibits typical substrate specificity of β-N-acetylhexosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.52), acting on N-acetylglucosides and N-acetylgalactosides, with monosaccharides as the sole end products. The Vmax and Km values for CgNagase20 when acting on 4-nitrophenyl N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminide (pNP-βGlcNAc) were calculated to be 118.85 µmol/min/mg protein and 1.59 mM, respectively. Additionally, CgNagase20 demonstrated antifungal activity, significantly inhibiting spore germination and hyphal growth of Fusarium sporotrichioides , the causative agent of potato dry rot. In conclusion, CgNagase20 represents the first β-N-acetylhexosaminidase identified and characterized from C. globosum , with potential applications in both the industrial and agricultural sectors.
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