JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2017
·Vol. 135
·期 10
·45943
·
IF 1.86
Ting Chen,Qifeng Chen,Guhong Liu,Guangxue Chen
A high cycling stability material and an additive manufacturing method are reported for the fabrication of solid electrochromic devices. The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (PEDOT:PSS/MWCNT) nanocomposites were synthesized via in situ polymerization. A carboxymethyl cellulose gel was used as the ink vehicle for screen printing. The electrochromic (EC) performance of films patterned by screen printing was also examined. The results of characterization indicate that strong interfacial interactions occurred between PEDOT:PSS and the MWCNTs and the MWCNTs formed a network in these conducting polymers film, so the composite was more conductive than pure PEDOT:PSS. Devices containing PEDOT:PSS/MWCNTs were more stable after 1000 cycles, exhibited higher rate of ion exchange and faster increases in current. The composite containing 0.3 wt % MWCNTs also had a 23% higher color contrast (Δ E *) than pure PEDOT:PSS at 2.5 V applied voltages. The EC inks with well printability not only can be used to print large area films, but also can print fine lines and pixel-type dots in displays. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135 , 45943.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2017
·Vol. 135
·期 7
·45866
·
IF 1.86
Chunda Ji,Fengfu Li,Zhi Yun
A series of phenyl carboxyl polydimethylsiloxane (PCPDMS) with different relative molecular mass, phenyl and carboxyl content was prepared through condensation reaction and equilibrium polymerization. The effects of reaction conditions on the conversion were investigated, to determine the optimum reaction conditions. According to the thermal gravity analysis of PCPDMS with different relative molecular mass and phenyl content, it was found that the large relative molecular mass can improve the thermal stability of PCPDMS. The thermal stability of PCPDMS was significantly higher than carboxyl polydimethylsiloxane. Moreover, the PCPDMS emulsions were also prepared for the fabrics treatment. The emulsions can improve the wrinkle resistance, smoothness, elasticity, and other properties of the fabrics. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135 , 45866.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 141
·期 27
·e55617
·
IF 2.7
Luze Wang,Boyu Cai,Wendi Xu,Zhonglin Luo,Biaobing Wang
Currently, the flame retardancy of epoxy resin (EP) was achieved at the expenses of the transparency and/or toughness. In the present work, a phosphorus/nitrogen-containing compound (FDNP) was synthesized by one-pot method using 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phospha-phenanthrene-10-oxide, furfural and N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine as raw materials, and further adopted as a functional agent for epoxy resin. The results demonstrated that the FDNP remarkably improved the fire safety of EP. The incorporation of 4 wt% FDNP enabled EP to pass UL-94 V-0 rating test and achieve a limiting oxygen index value of 35.5%; meanwhile, the peak heat release rate, total heat release rate and total smoke release were significantly reduced by 41.3%, 41.6% and 72.5% as compared with the pure EP, respectively. What is more, the EP/4 wt% FDNP composite kept almost the same transparency of the pure EP, simultaneously its impact strength was more than doubled as that of the pure EP. Herein, the improved flame retardancy is contributed to a synergistic biphasic flame retardant effect including the formation of a compact protective carbon layer and the release of both non-combustible gases and phosphorus-containing radicals.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 142
·期 3
·e56384
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IF 2.7
Hao Zhang,Chuxiang Zhou,Zhaohui Lu,Yue Tian,Jinfeng Tian,Xiaofeng Chi,Liwei Yan,Jinggang Gai,Shengtai Zhou,Mei Liang,Huawei Zou
Silicone rubber-based materials are important thermal protection materials for high-temperature applications. In this work, a holistic analysis of silicone rubber-based materials was conducted with an aim to comparatively study the ablative performance of different rubber matrices using the oxyacetylene flame. Six types of silicone rubber-based composites were prepared in large quantities using a customized device, and the relationship between the ablative properties and influencing factors was elucidated, which was useful in guiding the design and preparation of flexible ablative materials for thermal protection purpose. The expansion and ceramicization of char layer, which was realized by introducing expandable graphite and alumina was found helpful in reducing line ablation rate. The increase in the thickness of char layer and the decrease in surface roughness indicated a successful implementation of the above strategy, which led to a significant decrease in line ablation rate and an increase in thermal insulation performance of the studied system. Moreover, a thermal ablative composite with excellent moldability after ablation process was prepared which showed a promising application as a reusable thermal protection material. This work provided guidelines for developing flexible thermal ablative composites, which can be targeted for practical applications in aerospace and fire protection sectors.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 141
·期 43
·e56125
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IF 2.7
Yong Liu,Shengtao Dai,Peipei Guo,Honglong Li,Zongwei Guo,Lei Shang,Yuhui Ao
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based precursor fibers with different mechanical properties prepared by wet-spinning and its correlation with microstructure was researched, the primary structural factors that affecting its properties were analyzed. The tensile strength and modulus of precursor fibers increased from 4.63 cN/dtex to 9.16 cN/dtex and 99.09 cN/dtex to 168.92 cN/dtex, respectively, with the increase in crystallinity from 69.29% to 87.84% and orientation degree increased from 83.95% to 93.81%, high performance precursor fibers could be achieved by decrease in the crystallite size and interlayer spacing, these aggregation structure plays a decisive role to the mechanical properties of fibers. The integrality of aggregation structure and properties could reflected by boiling water shrinkage behavior and glass transition temperature from the side. The fracture morphology of fibers with different properties were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and three fracture characteristics were observed, PF1 and PF3 presented the radial extended fracture without microfibril pull out, radial cluster fracture with the pull out of microfibril for PF2, PF4–PF6, together with the axial splitting pattern in PF6, which was revealed by microfibrils/fibrils in longitudinal and transverse combined with solution etching. Precursor fibers with less voids, without serious skin-core, continuous arrangement, tightly stacked, well-developed and complete oriented microfibrils/fibrils, exhibited excellent mechanical properties. Possible fracture process was given from the perspective of aggregation structure and microfibrils/fibrils, which become dominant factors determining properties of precursor fibers. Improve the performance could be achieved by regulating surface structure and cross-sectional shape. As one of the main structural factors that determining properties, by reducing diameter could minimize the numbers and sizes of defects.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 141
·期 26
·e55580
·
IF 2.7
Zhenfeng Ma,Zhaoguang Zheng,Jun Zeng,Guodong Feng,Yihua Huang,Wenhui Luo,Minyou He,Jiaming Cui,Yi-Jun Liang
The practical application of fiber membranes prepared by electrostatic spinning requires a uniform thickness. However, the parameters involved in the spinning process are highly complex, particularly when it comes to precise control over membrane thickness. Hence, achieving a consistent and homogeneous thickness for fiber membranes has posed significant challenges thus far. To accurately predict membrane thickness during the spinning process and ensure consistent outcomes, this study employed polyvinylidene fluoride as the raw material and optimized electrostatic spinning preparation using an innovative airflow-assisted strategy. The as-proposed preparation strategy effectively enhances the volatilization of solvents within the jet, also promotes jet stretching through assistance from airflow, resulting in a more stable and homogeneous fiber diameter. Additionally, COMSOL simulations were utilized to provide rational explanations for these findings. By collecting multiple process parameters, including positive voltage, liquid supply speed, winding speed, and solution concentration, this study has successfully developed an artificial neural network (ANN) that exhibits reliable predictive capabilities for membrane thickness. Notably, the model demonstrates a remarkable goodness-of-fit with an R 2 value of 0.9981. Through the integration of ANN with electrostatic spinning technology, significant advancements have been achieved in accurately predicting and controlling the uniformity of electrostatically spun polymer fiber membranes.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2024
·
IF 2.7
Shan Jiang,Tianyi Han,Tongshuai Tian,Chuanqing Yang,Li Liu
Compared with isocyanate-based polyurethanes (PUs), poly(hydroxyurethane)s (PHUs) are more likely to form phase mixing structure, inducing poor elastic properties. To avoid this, stronger interaction between hard segments is required. Herein, carbon dioxide-based poly(hydroxyurethane-urea)s (PHUUs) with different hard segment contents were prepared through polyaddition reaction using 5-membered dicyclic carbonate (BADC) as hard segment, poly(propylene glycol) bis(2-aminopropyl ether) (D2000) as soft segment, and amino-terminal polyurea oligomer (HMDA*) chain extender, and several PHUs were prepared by using hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) chain extender or without using chain extender as controls. The interaction between hard segments were strengthened with the introduce of chain extender. Compared with PHUs, PHUUs with HMDA* chain extender were more inclined to form significant microphase separation. For PHUUs, the hard segment T g appeared at around 60°C when hard segment content reached 40 wt%, and the interdomain spacings were in the range of around 14–23 nm with 40–50 wt% hard segment content. In addition, PHUUs exhibited better solvents resistance and mechanical properties than PHUs with the same hard segment content. PHUUs with certain hard segment content showed good elastic recovery, with a residual strain less than 2% after 10 cycles, which comparable with conventional isocyanate-based PUs.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 2.7
Miaomiao Zhu,Wenxuan Xu,Duo Wu,Zhuangcheng Liu,Yuanyuan Song,Aying Zhou,Ranhua Xiong,Chaobo Huang
Design and fabrication of pH-responsive nanofibrous membranes by biomaterials is a key step for drug delivery systems. Currently, there is an increasing attention on design of biocompatible nanofibrous drug delivery systems. Here, a bio-based pH-responsive nanofibrous membranes loaded with antibiotic were fabricated for the controlled release of tetracycline hydrochloride (TH). The in vitro drug release behavior of varied pH-responsive nanofibrous with different mass ratios of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) was investigated to clarify the release mechanism. TH initial burst release within 20 mins was large than 97.5% for PLA/CAP/TH NFM under alkaline conditions (pH = 8). The antioxidant activity of TH loaded PLA/CAP NFMs are all higher than 55% after 30 mins. The prepared fibrous membranes possess sufficient antibacterial activity against both to Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. At the same time, it also has good biocompatibility. Therefore, the fabricated nanofibrous membranes was demonstrated to be a pH-responsive nanoplatform for drug delivery.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 2.7
Jiexiang Ren,Song Chen,Yudong Hou,Xiaocong Deng,Lu Tian,Chao Ma,Sheng-chao Huang,Cuifen Lu
A bio-based reactive flame retardant (PVD) was synthesized using vanillin, phenethylamine, and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO). This study aimed to enhance epoxy resin's fire resistance and evaluate the strength of EP/PVD composites for eco-friendly specialized applications. The chemical structure of PVD was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The effect of PVD on the curing kinetics of EP was studied using non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). During combustion, PVD releases ∙PO 2 and ∙PO radicals, which capture the active ∙H and ∙OH radicals generated during the combustion of EP. This results in a significant quenching effect, thereby achieving flame retardancy. EP with 7.5 wt% PVD and 0.49 wt% phosphorus (EP/PVD-7.5) exhibited a V-0 rating in UL-94 vertical burning tests and a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 32.4%. Additionally, compared to pure EP, EP/PVD-7.5 showed a 41.7% reduction in the peak heat-release rate during cone calorimetry tests. The dual-phase flame-retardant effect of PVD was confirmed by the analysis of the residual char and its pyrolysis behavior. Furthermore, EP/PVD exhibits superior mechanical properties and transparency compared to pure EP, indicating that PVD holds promise as a flame retardant for EP.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 2.8
Donglin Li,Wenxin Deng,Zhefeng Jin,Jiangpeng Hu,Yujia Zhao,Nuo Cao,Chao Wan,Xuhuang Chen,Peng Yu
The structure-gradient silicone rubber foam (SRF) is an advanced bionic material with potential for applications in energy-damping, triboelectric nanogenerators, and electromagnetic interference shielding. However, the production of SRFs with an adjustable gradient structure is still a significant challenge. Herein, a novel strategy combining in situ precuring of silicone rubber induced by gradient temperature fields with supercritical CO 2 foaming was developed to prepare SRFs with biomimetic gradient cellular structures. By regulating the unilateral heat source temperature and precuring time, SR samples with gradient curing degrees from 16.13% to 51.21% were achieved. Finally, a prospective structure-gradient SRF with a cell size range of 24.10–182.80 μm was successfully prepared. The energy loss coefficient of gradient SRF can be reduced by 41.65% compared with that of uniform cellular structure foam with average cell size of 31.25 μm after 50 cycles. Gradient SRFs show significantly enhanced mechanical performance, recoverability, and elasticity. Besides, the underlying mechanism for generating this gradient cellular structure was clarified.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 141
·期 27
·e55615
·
IF 2.7
Haimin Zheng,Fang Li,Dandan Chen,Gaowei Nie,Bo Yu,Xiaoxiao Chen,Hao Guo,Zhouai Luo,Zhikang Cheng,Jianxin He
Developing environmentally friendly and high-performing viable waterproof and breathable membranes (WBMs) is critical but significantly challenging. Herein, we combine electrospinning and electro-spraying methods. First, elastic thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is used as the polymer, and poly(methylhydrosiloxane) (PMHS) with low surface energy is introduced to prepare TPU/PMHS fiber-based membranes by electrospinning. Electro-spraying is performed using a dilute solution of TPU/PMHS/SiO 2 , with fluorine-free hydrophobic SiO 2 nanoparticles introduced to facilitate the construction of a rough lotus-leaf-like surface structure, ultimately obtaining TPU/PMHS/SiO 2 WBMs with bead-on-string fiber binary structures and a strong water repellency. The results indicate that the TPU/PMHS/SiO 2 WBMs comprise a three-dimensional porous structure formed by randomly arranged fibers and a lotus biomimetic structure consisting of bead-like fibers, providing the membrane with excellent mechanical properties and waterproof breathability, including a tensile strength of 15.8 MPa, static water pressure of 33 kPa, water vapor transmission rate of 5169 g m −2 d −1 , and contact angle of 142°. Additionally, the fiber membrane exhibits an excellent strain recovery after 1000 cycles of cyclic stretching under 100% strain, verifying the excellent elastic properties of the TPU/PMHS/SiO 2 WBMs. This simple preparation process and unique composite structure can facilitate the design and preparation of environmentally friendly, waterproof, and breathable materials.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2012
·Vol. 128
·期 3
·2152-2161
·
IF 1.289
Qiheng Tang,Jiyu He,Rongjie Yang,Qingsong Ai
Reactive hot-melt polyurethane adhesive (RHMPA) is moisture-curing polyurethane (PU) adhesive whose main component is an isocyanate-terminated PU prepolymer that can be cured after application by reaction with ambient moisture. Two series of RHMP-containing poly(tetramethylene glycol) (PTMG) of different molecular weights and different degrees of polymerization of the hard segment have been successfully synthesized using a two-step bulk polymerization with 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, PTMG, and 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BDO). The structure and basic properties of the RHMPA film have also been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, atomic force microscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), shore hardness ( A / D ), and tensile tests. The results show that the initial decomposition temperature is more than 250°C, and the tensile strength of the RHMPA film was greater than 15 MPa. The adhesive performance of the RHMPA with different hard-segment content was studied through studies of the single lap-shear strength and tensile strength of butt joints. The results show a general trend of the bonding strength increases with the hard-segment content at 25°C. The adhesive performance of RHMPA in different environments was also investigated. It was found that the RHMPA exhibited excellent bonding strength to thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) when placed in the fridge at −20°C, hot water at 80°C, 1 M HCl solution (acid) at 25°C, and 1 M NaOH solution (alkaline) at 25°C for 10 h. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
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高影响因子
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