ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2018
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IF 6.14
Tao Zhou,Sheng Huang,Dongjie Niu,Lianghu Su,Guangyin Zhen,Youcai Zhao
Humic substances are produced during the microbial degradation of biomolecules and should be recycled because they are an abundant source of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Herein, (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) was first used to recover carbon-rich water-soluble humic acid (HA) from wastewater, and the operational parameters (i.e., pH, solution temperature, APTES dosage, reaction time, and initial HA concentration) were optimized for separation efficiency. The results showed that the optimal HA separation efficiency (96.7%) could be achieved at an initial HA concentration of 250 mg/L, APTES dosage 4 mL/L, equilibration time 10 min, pH 3.0, and temperature 35 °C. Furthermore, cations (Mg2+ and Ca2+) led to a remarkable separation of HA, while anions (CO32– and SO42–) weakened the aggregation and deposition of HA. Mechanism analysis unveiled that ladderlike oligomeric aminosilanes (LAOAs) were generated by the hydrolysis, condensation, and self-assembly of APTES. The LAOAs were involved in adsorption bridging action with HA, thus efficiently promoting the precipitation of humic substances. The described carbon separation technique (converting dissolved matter into insoluble substances) can be a promising option for the efficient recovery and reutilization of carbon resources in high-concentration organic wastewater.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2014
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IF 2.354
Chengcheng Ren,Fang Wang,Zhiqing Zhang,Huihui Nie,Nan Li,Mei Cui
A novel class of Gemini imidazolium surfactants 1,3-bis(3-alkylimidazolium-1-yl) propane bromide [C n -3-C n im]Br 2 ( n = 8, 10, 12) were synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, 1 H NMR and elemental analysis. The surface activity and aggregation behavior of [C n -3-C n im]Br 2 ( n = 8, 10, 12) were investigated by surface tension, conductivity and steady fluorescence methods. A series of surface active parameters, including cmc, Γ max , p C 20 , cmc/ C 20 , A min , γ cmc and Π cmc were obtained from surface tension measurement. It was indicated that Gemini imidazolium surfactants with the longer alkyl chain showed the higher surface activity. The thermodynamic parameters of micellization process, namely, standard Gibbs free energy (Δ G m ο ), enthalpy (Δ H m ο ) and entropy (Δ S m ο ) were derived from conductivity measurement at different temperatures. The micropolarity and the mean aggregation number ( N agg ) of micelles were evaluated from steady fluorescence spectra. The results revealed that the micropolarity and N agg of micelles decreased with the increase of hydrocarbon chain length.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2014
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IF 2.235
Nan Li,Fang Wang,Zhiqing Zhang,Huihui Nie,Chengcheng Ren,Mei Cui
Polymeric 1-vinyl-3-ethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids modified microspheres of silica gel were prepared by free radical polymerization in toluene. Characterization with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and 13C, 29Si magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) demonstrated that 1-vinyl-3-ethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate had successfully loaded on the surface of silica gel and formed a stable polymer coating. Furthermore, to detect the potential desulfurization performance, a series of experiments of model fuel desulfurization with polymeric ionic liquid modified silica gel had been carried out. The desulfurization efficiency of modified silica gel was investigated by removing 2-methylthiophene, benzothiophene, and dibenzothiophene from model fuel (n-heptane/2-methylthiophene, benzothiophene, and dibenzothiophene) under tested conditions. It was shown that the modified silica gel exhibited remarkable desulfurization capacity for aromatic S-containing compounds and the sulfur removal selectivity followed the order of 2-methylthiophene < benzothiophene < dibenzothiophene due to the different density aromatic π-electrons.
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RSC Advances
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2015
·Vol. 5
·期 23
·17905-17914
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IF 3.84
Jin Wang,Chenchen Guo,Yongqiang Yu,Huabing Yin,Xueting Liu,Yang Jiang
A new self-doped 3-hexylthiophene-b-sodium styrene sulfonate block copolymer (P3HT-b-PSSNa) was obtained via solution copolymerization of sodium styrene sulfonate (SSNa) with vinyl end-group poly(3-hexylthiophene) (v-P3HT), which was synthesized under Grignard metathesis (GRIM) reaction conditions. The self-doping structure can be controlled by altering the feed amounts of SSNa monomer, and it exhibited tunable properties. In comparison with v-P3HT, P3HT-b-PSSNa shows good solubility, broad absorption, higher electrical conductivity and good donor/acceptor (D/A) interface binding with CdSe quantum dots (QDs). Composites of P3HT-b-PSSNa and CdSe exhibit uniform dispersion, good compatibility and highly efficient fluorescence quenching, and surface chemical state analysis confirmed the chemical bonding between copolymer and QDs. This is helpful for rapid charge transfer of different semiconductors in the two-phase D/A interface. Here, we developed a strategy for producing a conjugated polymer with both doped stability during repeated electric cycles and compatibility with inorganic semiconductor materials.
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FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA
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2014
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IF 2.241
Fufeng Cai,Jessica Juweriah Ibrahim,Lijing Gao,Ruiping Wei,Guomin Xiao
Methanol and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) mixture is present in the industrial manufacturing process of DMC, which is made from the catalytic oxidative carbonylation of methanol. The separation of methanol and DMC is important but difficult due to the formation of an azeotropic mixture. This work has been focused on a study of phosphoric-based ionic liquids (ILs) as green solvents for the separation of methanol and DMC in the extraction process. The knowledge of liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) of this mixture is essential for the design of the extraction separation process. For this reason, LLE data for the ternary systems {methanol + DMC + 1-methyl-3-methylimidazolium dimethylphosphate ([MMIM][DMP])} and {methanol + DMC + 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethylphosphate ([EMIM][DEP])} were measured at T = (298.2 and 313.2) K and atmospheric pressure. The solute distribution ratio and selectivity of the methanol, derived from the tie-lines data, were calculated and analyzed in order to evaluate the capacity of the studied ILs as solvents in liquid extraction process. The experimental results show that the values of selectivity for the studied ILs follow this order: [MMIM][DMP] > [EMIM][DEP]. Finally, the experimental LLE data for the studied ternary systems were compared with the calculated values obtained by means of the non-random two liquid (NRTL) model. The NRTL model was verified to accurately correlate the experimental LLE data.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
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2014
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IF 3.84
Jianping Li,Weiling Yin,Yanji Tan,Hongcheng Pan
A novel strategy for improving the sensitivity of a molecularly imprinted sensor was proposed based on the amplification effect derived from the electrochemical stripping of copper produced by catalytic deposition by silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Polypyrrole was electrochemically polymerized to prepare a molecularly imprinted polymer film using 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) as a template. After the competitive reaction between IAA and thiolation-3-indoleacetic acid (IAA-S), IAA-S was labeled with AgNPs, and then copper was catalytically reduced and deposited onto the AgNP surface. The deposited copper was electrochemically dissolved, and the anodic stripping current was recorded using linear sweep voltammetry. The change in signal decreased when IAA-S was replaced by IAA in the samples. The peak current was proportional to the logarithm of the concentration of IAA in the range of 9 × 10 −10 –6 × 10 −7 mol/L, with a detection limit of 2.31 × 10 −10 mol/L determined by the 3 σ rule. Samples were assayed, and the recoveries of the approach ranged within 99.7–104.2%.
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FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA
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2015
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IF 2.2
Hao Wu,Jing Zhu,Yiwei Wang,Chengwei Chang,Junsu Jin
To understand the phase behavior of 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde (3-HBA) and the solubility effect of 3-HBA and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (4-HBA) on each other in supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO 2 ), the equilibrium solubility of 3-HBA and its mixture with 4-HBA, was measured in SCCO 2 binary system (comprising of a solute and SCCO 2 ) and ternary system (comprising of two solutes and SCCO 2 ) at temperature and pressure given in range of 308–328 K and 11.0–21.0 MPa respectively. Comparing the solubility of 3-HBA and 4-HBA between in the binary system and ternary system, it was found that the equilibrium solubility of both 3-HBA and 4-HBA was enhanced in the ternary system due to the molecular interaction. The experimental data were correlated by Chrastil, Mendez-Santiago and Teja (M-S-T), Sovova, their modified models, and Zhu et al. model. Also a new model was deduced and established based on the Chemistry Association Theory and was verified by 636 groups of solubility data. The correlated results indicated that the new model obtained a less deviation than other models, including the modified Chrastil model, the modified M-S-T model, the modified Sovova model, and Zhu et al. model, all of which have same adjustable parameters.
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MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
·
2014
·Vol. 215
·期 10
·1012-1021
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IF 2.451
Wenchao Ma,Haochuan Chen,Yuhong Ma,Changwen Zhao,Wantai Yang
With fac -Ir(ppy) 3 as photoredox catalyst and ethyl 2-bromoisobutyrate (EBiB) as initiator, the homopolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in different solvents, such as N , N -dimethylformamide (DMF), acetonitrile, and anisole are run under irradiation of an LED lamp. The results show that anisole is a better solvent for the polymerization with regard to the polydispersity index (PDI). A well-controlled polymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) is demonstrated and the clean block copolymer of PMMA- b -PPEGMA is prepared with PDI less than 1.3; however, the 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) polymerization is poorly controlled. With the PMMA as macromolecular initiator, the block copolymer PMMA- b -PDMAEMA can be prepared with PDI around 2.0.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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2013
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IF 4.593
Yu-Peng Zhou,En-Bao Liu,Jin Wang,Hsiu-Yi Chao
Newly prepared gold(I) acetylide-based luminescent cation sensors 1c and 1d, which bear a novel three–armed flexible conformation, together with control molecule 2c, were synthesized in four steps. 1c and 1d exhibit the π → π* absorption of the acetylide ligands in fluid solutions and produce the 3(ππ*) emission of the acetylide ligands in the solid state and degassed THF solution. The 3(ππ*) emission of 1c in DMSO can be turned on upon addition of Ag+. The binding ratio between 1c and Ag+ as well as the binding constant log K were determined as 1:1 and 4.35 ± 0.12 respectively by UV–vis titration experiments. The formation of [1c·Ag]+ adduct, which leads to the appearance of new up-field peaks, was confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopic titrations. The control 1H NMR titration experiments for the acetylide-free analogue 1a and single-armed analogue 2c indicate the acetylide groups and tripodal structures are responsible for the binding of Ag+. The control experiment for tripodal gold(I) acetylide analogue 1d suggests the change of PPh3 with P(2-Py)Ph2 induces similar binding affinity toward Ag+ but less selectivity toward Ag+. Free 1c also exhibits the anion binding affinity toward F–, but the Ag+ adduct [1c·Ag]+ shows less affinity toward F–.
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PubMed
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
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2015
·
IF 4.097
Jianmei Wang,Huihui Zhu,Yuanhong Xu,Wenrong Yang,Ao Liu,Fukai Shan,Mengmei Cao,Jingquan Liu
Herein, a uniform three-dimensional (3-D) graphene nanodots-encaged porous gold electrode was prepared via ion beam sputtering deposition (IBSD) and mild corrosion chemistry for efficient enzyme electrode fabrication. Enzymes, like glucose oxidase and catalase , were modified with pyrene functionalities and then loaded into the graphene nanodots encaged porous gold electrode via non-covalent π–π stacking interaction between pyrene and graphene. The fabricated enzyme electrodes showed profound reusability and repeatability, high sensitivity, inherent selectivity and enhanced detection range. As for glucose analysis a broad linear range from 0.05 to 100 mM was obtained and the linear range for hydrogen peroxide was 0.005 to 4 mM. Detection limits of 30 μM for glucose and 1 μM for hydrogen peroxide were achieved ( S / N = 3), respectively. These electrodes can be applied to analyze the clinical samples with reliable results. The formation mechanism and 3-D structure of the porous electrode were investigated using high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Most importantly, various other ideal biosensors can be fabricated using the same porous electrode and the same enzyme modification methodology.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
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2015
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IF 4.074
Cong Chen,Yan Meng,Sheng Li,Wenhua Wu,Chuanjun Liu,Xiaojuan Xu,Lina Zhang
A polysaccharide coded as PR-CA was extracted from Polyporus rhinoceros and determined to be a β-(1→3)- d -glucan with multiple branches. The weight-average molecular weights ( M w ) of PR-CA in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and in water were determined with static light scattering (SLS) to be 3.57 × 10 5 and 1.79 × 10 7 , indicating existence of the single chains in DMSO and co-existence of single chains and aggregates in water. Moreover, the stiffness of single chains of PR-CA in water was directly visualized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The hollow structure of PR-CA nanofibers with width of 30–40 nm and length of ∼350 nm formed in the water/DMSO (9:1, v:v) was demonstrated by a fluorescent probe tetraphenylethylene (TPE) via aggregation-induced emission (AIE). The formation of PR-CA nanofibers was ascribed to the parallel aggregation of the extended PR-CA chains due to the hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction. This work offered valuable results for promising applications of natural branched β-glucans in the biological fields of drug inclusion, delivery and disease diagnosis.
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JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART A-POLYMER CHEMISTRY
·
2015
·Vol. 53
·期 21
·2469-2480
·
IF 3.113
Yong Deng,Xi Wang,Qiulin Yuan,Mengxiang Zhu,Ying Ling,Haoyu Tang
A series of side-chain-functionalized α-helical polypeptides, i.e., poly(γ-4-(3-chloropropoxycarbonyl)benzyl- L -glutamate) (6) have been prepared from n-butylamine initiated ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of γ-4-(3-chloropropoxycarbonyl)benzyl- L -glutamic acid-based N -carboxyanhydride. Polypeptides bearing oligo-ethylene-glycol (OEG) groups or 1-butylimidazolium salts were prepared from 6 via copper-mediated [2+3] alkyne-azide 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition or nuleophilic substitution, respectively. CD and FTIR analysis revealed that the polymers adopt α-helical conformations both in solution and the solid state. Polymers bearing OEG (m = 3) side-chains showed reversible LCST-type phase transition behaviors in water while polymers bearing 1-butylimidazolium and I − counter-anions exhibited reversible UCST-type transitions in water. Variable-temperature UV-vis analysis revealed that the phase transition temperatures ( T pt s) were dependent on the main-chain length and polymeric concentration. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015 , 53 , 2469–2480
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