INDUSTRIAL LUBRICATION AND TRIBOLOGY
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2024
·Vol. 76
·期 1
·70-80
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IF 1.5
Zhicai Du,Qiang He,Hengcheng Wan,Lei Zhang,Zehua Xu,Yuan Xu,Guotao Li
PurposeThis paper aims to improve the tribological properties of lithium complex greases using nanoparticles to investigate the tribological behavior of single additives (nano-TiO2or nano-CeO2) and composite additives (nano-TiO2–CeO2) in lithium complex greases and to analyze the mechanism of their influence using a variety of characterization tools.Design/methodology/approachThe morphology and microstructure of the nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and an X-ray diffractometer. The tribological properties of different nanoparticles, as well as compounded nanoparticles as greases, were evaluated. Average friction coefficients and wear diameters were analyzed. Scanning electron microscopy and three-dimensional topography were used to analyze the surface topography of worn steel balls. The elements present on the worn steel balls’ surface were analyzed using energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.FindingsThe results showed that the coefficient of friction (COF) of grease with all three nanoparticles added was low. The grease-containing composite nanoparticles exhibited a lower COF and superior anti-wear properties. The sample displayed its optimal tribological performance when the ratio of TiO2to CeO2was 6:4, resulting in a 30.5% reduction in the COF and a 29.2% decrease in wear spot diameter compared to the original grease. Additionally, the roughness of the worn spot surface and the maximum depth of the wear mark were significantly reduced.Originality/valueThe main innovation of this study is the first mixing of nano-TiO2and nano-CeO2with different sizes and properties as compound lithium grease additives to significantly enhance the anti-wear and friction reduction properties of this grease. The results of friction experiments with a single additive are used as a basis to explore the synergistic lubrication mechanism of the compounded nanoparticles. This innovative approach provides a new reference and direction for future research and development of grease additives.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at:https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-09-2023-0291/
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2024
·
IF 5.3
Jianhua Li,Senyan Wang,Bing Chen,Guotao Pan,Guoge Zhang,Zhao-Bin Ding,Yan Liu
In this work, by integrating TiO2 nanoparticles and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) binder, a green bifunctional TiO2 nanostructured coating (T-SCMC-vac.) directly coupled with 304SS was designed under vacuum thermal treatment, aiming to achieve methyl orange degradation and metal anticorrosion. The T-SCMC-vac. nanostructured coating exhibited a reaction constant 1.7 times higher for degrading methyl orange compared with its counterpart in the simulated seawater environment, demonstrating good photocatalytic performance. Simultaneously, T-SCMC-vac. provided effective photocathodic protection to 304SS. The open circuit potential negatively shifted to −500 mV (vs Ag/AgCl), and the photoresponse current and corrosion current densities reached approximately 10 μA cm–2. Furthermore, the nanostructured coating showed good stability, as evidenced by 98% retention in photocatalytic capability after five cycles and by 14 h long-term photocathodic protection. The experimental results and theoretical calculations suggest that the enhanced performance can be attributed to the chemical interaction between TiO2 nanoparticles and CMC via C–O–Ti bonds, which significantly facilitated photogenerated carrier transport and aligned the potential positions of TiO2, reactive oxygen species, and 304SS. Our findings provide a facile strategy for designing green bifunctional TiO2 nanostructured coatings on ocean-based facilities with seawater pollutant degradation and metal anticorrosion properties.
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OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
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2024
·
IF 4.6
Hua-Long Du,Nuerguli Kari,Ben Li,Qi Wang
The fiber Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on titanium dioxide(TiO 2 ) and Au nanoparticles (Au-NPs) sensitization is offered as a practical means of increasing the sensitivity and figure of merit (FOM). Through finite element simulation and experimental testing, it is found that in TiO 2 with high dielectric constant and high dielectric conductivity, the carrier movement is fast and consumption is low, which enhances the photocurrent signal and leads to charge redistribution, thus enhances the electric field; while the Au-NPs will stimulate the stronger Localized Surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) phenomenon, and both of them will undergo electric field resonance coupling. The sensitivity of the sensor is higher because its surface electric field is 3.67 times stronger than the conventional Au film sensor. When exposed to external conditions, the sensitivity can reach 9715 nm/RIU within the refractive index (RI) at 1.33213–1.34055, which is 4.69 times higher than a conventional Au film sensor. The FOM can reach 57.8 RIU -1 , which is 2.05 times higher than the conventional Au film sensor. In addition, TiO 2 and Au-NPs on the surface of the sensor are less prone to collapse, and the stability test results show that the relative standard deviation (RSD) is 0.5929 %, which exhibits good reliability and stability. The structure of the sensor is very simple, relatively easy to fabricate, and has good applicability in the field of biochemical testing.
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ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 1.8
Yiting Wang,Mingze Xu,Jinhua Li,Tingsong Zhang
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been widely studied as a photocatalyst owing to its advantages of low cost, good stability, and nonpollution. However, they can only be excited by ultraviolet light, resulting in low utilization of solar energy and limited photocatalytic efficiency. In recent years, researchers have found that the nonprecious metal Al can effectively improve the photocatalytic performance of TiO2. However, the current studies focus only on enhancing the ultraviolet photocatalysis performance of semiconductors with Al on the substrate. In this study, Al nanoparticles (NPs) and TiO2 were prepared into composite materials. The effects of ligand, Al particle size, and the molar ratio of Al and TiO2 on the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) by Al NPs and TiO2 composites (Al NPs/TiO2) were investigated. The results showed that the Al NPs/TiO2 prepared with a particle size of 200 nm of Al, glutathione as the ligand bridge, and an Al:TiO2 ratio of 2:1 were the most effective for the degradation of MB. The degradation rate of 5 mg/L MB solution within 70 min under visible light was up to 99.5%, which was three times higher than that of P25 TiO2. The photocatalytic performance was further enhanced under sunlight with a degradation rate of 99.7% within 50 min, which is four times higher than that of P25 TiO2 under the same light source. Therefore, Al NPs/TiO2 is a potential photocatalytic material for the treatment of organic pollutants in water.
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MOLECULES
·
2024
·Vol. 29
·期 18
·4391
·
IF 4.2
Kaihui Hua,Zhijing Wu,Weijie Chen,Xiuan Xi,Xiaobing Chen,Shuyan Yang,Pinhai Gao,Yu Zheng
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is widely employed in the catalytic degradation of wastewater, owing to its robust stability, superior photocatalytic efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. Nonetheless, isolating the fine particulate photocatalysts from the solution post-reaction poses a significant challenge in practical photocatalytic processes. Furthermore, these particles have a tendency to agglomerate into larger clusters, which diminishes their stability. To address this issue, the present study has developed Al2O3–SiO2–TiO2composite semiconductor porous ceramics and has systematically explored the influence of Al2O3and SiO2on the structure and properties of TiO2porous ceramics. The findings reveal that the incorporation of Al2O3augments the open porosity of the ceramics and inhibits the aggregation of TiO2, thereby increasing the catalytic site and improving the light absorption capacity. On the other hand, the addition of SiO2enhances the bending strength of the ceramics and inhibits the conversion of anatase to rutile, thereby further enhancing its photocatalytic activity. Consequently, at an optimal composition of 55 wt.% Al2O3, 40 wt.% TiO2, and 5 wt.% SiO2, the resulting porous ceramics exhibit a methylene blue removal rate of 91.50%, and even after undergoing five cycles of testing, their catalytic efficiency remains approximately 83.82%. These outcomes underscore the exceptional photocatalytic degradation efficiency, recyclability, and reusability of the Al2O3–SiO2–TiO2porous ceramics, suggesting their substantial potential for application in the treatment of dye wastewater, especially for the removal of methylene blue.
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JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
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2025
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IF 4.7
Minghao Lin,Gangan Wang,Junqi Li,Chaoyi Chen,Yuanpei Lan
Calcined kaolinite (CK)/TiO 2 composites were synthesized through hydrolysis precipitation of titanyl sulfate (TiOSO 4 ) and calcination. Under optimized hydrolysis conditions (pH 2.5, duration 2.0 h, temperature 90 °C, and mass ratio (TiO 2 /CK) = 1.0), a precipitation efficiency of 81.4 % was achieved. The phase composition remained consistent under varying hydrolysis conditions after significant TiO 2 formation. Furthermore, the oil absorption (mass ratio = 2.0) and hiding power (mass ratio = 1.4) of the composites were determined to be 38.8 g/100 g and 88.4 %, respectively. The composites exhibited high good chemical stability as a pigment, maintaining resistance to strong acid erosion, with only 4.0 % dissolution observed after a 15-day immersion in a pH 2.0 solution. H 2 TiO 3 underwent the dehydration and desulfurization more rapidly in an oxygen-rich environment, and anatase formation was well-developed at a calcination temperature of 750 °C for 1 h. Further analysis revealed that phase transition process of TiO 2 was influenced by TiO 2 content, disordered structure of CK and calcination conditions. TiO 2 particles formed single- or multi-layered chemical coatings on the active CK surface, although the presence of exposed mullite impeded coating formation. This study successfully developed cost-effective CK/TiO 2 composites with favorable pigment properties, providing a certain reference for CK selection. The composites have potential applications in coatings, pigments and related fields.
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CHEMICAL PHYSICS
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2024
·
IF 2
Xuecheng Ren,Mingxing Xiao,Kaidong Zhan,Fan Wu,Quinn Qiao
Inorganic lead-free perovskite Cs 3 B i2 I 9 has attracted extensive attention due to its enhanced stability and environmental friendliness. However, the photon-to-current conversion of Cs 3 B i2 I 9 perovskites is not efficient, partly due to inefficient electron-hole separation. In this manuscript, BiFeO 3 was deposited at the interface of Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 /TiO 2 as the interface modifier by sol–gel method, and the photocurrent and responsiveness of the Cs 3 B i2 I 9 /BiFeO 3 /TiO 2 were significantly higher than those of the Cs 3 B i2 I 9 /TiO 2 based device. Kelvin probe force microscope, photoelectrochemical impedance spectroscopy and in-situ surface photovoltage spectra demonstrated that a self-polarized electric field of BiFeO 3 contributed to the separation of photogenerated charge carriers at the Cs 3 B i2 I 9 /TiO 2 interface. By analyzing the surface photovoltage phase spectra via a vector model method, complicated surface photovoltage processes were identified, and a detailed relationship between photocurrent generation and transfer characteristic of the photogenerated charge carriers have been discussed.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2024
·
IF 8.1
Tingzhe Shen,Danni Zeng,Ze Liu,Yadong Hu,Yaxi Tian,Jun Song,Tao Yang,Rongfeng Guan,Changjian Zhou
Improving the efficiency of photogenerated carrier separation by designing heterojunction photocatalysts remains an important challenge. In this study, TiO 2 nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning, Bi/Bi 2 WO 6 /TiO 2 heterojunctions were constructed by hydrothermal method, and verified by characterization techniques. The heterojunction had good photodegradation activity to sulfamethoxazole (SMX) under ultraviolet and visible light irradiation (96.4 % within 60 min). The enhanced photodegradation activity of Bi/Bi 2 WO 6 /TiO 2 nanocomposites can be attributed to the synergistic effect of S-Scheme mechanism and Bi metal plasma action. In addition, Bi metals can generate a large number of electron-hole pairs under the action of surface plasmon resonance (SPR). In addition, the influence factors such as pH, SMX concentration and catalyst loading were studied. According to the detected intermediates, the photocatalytic degradation pathway of SMX was studied. The results of free radical capture experiment and ESR show that ·O 2 – and h + free radicals play an important role in the decomposition of SMX. The cyclic experiments show that Bi/Bi 2 WO 6 /TiO 2 nanocomposites have excellent stability and reuse characteristics. Finally, the mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of SMX was described. This study provides a promising perspective for the preparation and development of S-Scheme heterojunction photocatalysts based on Bi 2 WO 6 .
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2024
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IF 20.2
Xiaoyuan Liu,Yu Zou,Jiang Jiang
We report selective photocatalytic partial oxidation of glycerol on bimetallic formate oxidase mimicking AuPt/TiO 2 , with a unique self-accelerating reaction kinetics discovered for the first time. Systematic investigation on the glycerol oxidation in the presence of externally added formic acid and various scavengers reveals a positive correlation between photocatalytic activity and solution H 2 O 2 level. A reaction mechanism has been put forward, where the in situ generated formic acid consumes photogenerated holes, and enables on-site H 2 O 2 production on AuPt/TiO 2 , resulting in accelerated glycerol oxidation and improved C3 product selectivity. In pH 9 borate buffer solution, C3 products selectivity of 72% (60% for glyceric acid) has been achieved at 90% glycerol conversion under AM 1.5 G irradiation for 4 h, at ambient conditions. Our findings presented here may help guiding catalyst design for the photocatalytic biomass valorization in the future.
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MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
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2025
·
IF 4.7
Xinyu Han,Bo Yang,Wanqi Chen,Ruolan Tang,Song Li,Haile Yan,Liang Zuo
Solar-driven interfacial water evaporation desalination has emerged as a promising approach to address the global freshwater scarcity. However, fogging on transparent plates caused by condensation during freshwater collection obstructs light transmission, thereby reducing evaporation efficiency. To overcome this challenge, in this work, we integrated a super-hydrophilic TiO 2 –SiO 2 composite coating onto the transparent glass plates used in the solar-driven interfacial water evaporation desalination system. We systematically optimized the TiO 2 to SiO 2 ratio and synthesis process, and analyzed their anti-fogging performance as well as the photo-induced hydrophilicity mechanisms. The TiO 2 –SiO 2 composite coatings demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in suppressing fogging and enhancing system performance. Notably, the TiO 2 -60 % coated sample exhibited outstanding properties, achieving a water contact angle (WCA) of 2.1° after illumination. Even after 30 days of dark storage, the WCA increased only modestly to 27.8°, but rapidly recovered to a super-hydrophilic state of 7.9° upon re-exposure to light. Additionally, the coating maintained an average transmittance of 92.31 % across the 400–1100 nm wavelength range, surpassing that of bare glass (91.58 %) and ensuring optical clarity throughout a 108-h simulated solar evaporation test. This study not only establishes a theoretical framework for designing self-cleaning anti-fog coatings but also introduces innovative strategies to enhance the efficiency of solar-driven water evaporation technologies.
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Energy Science & Engineering
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2025
·
IF 3.4
Zhangyang Li,Chunling Wang,Daoping He,Fangming Jin
Photocatalytic biomass valorization toward multicarbon chemicals holds promise for sustainable energy solutions. Nevertheless, this approach suffers from dual challenges: inherent instability of polyhydroxy intermediates and inefficient formic acid production under ambient conditions. Here, we demonstrated that a TiO 2-x photocatalyst with oxygen vacancies can effectively catalyze the transformation of glucose into arabinose, erythrose, and formic acid using O 2 as an oxidant in pure water under natural sunlight irradiation. The C 1 −OH group of glucose adsorbed on the oxygen vacancies of TiO 2-x undergoes photo-induced hole oxidation, leading to the formation of gluconolactone-TiO 2-x as a new motif. Subsequent cleavage of bonds by ·OOH radicals generated from oxygen reduction produces arabinose, erythrose, and formic acid. The oxygen vacancy strategy achieves a remarkable 53.9% yield for glucose oxidation, which exhibits 10.8-fold enhancement compared to that of conventional TiO 2 without oxygen vacancies, thereby opening new avenues for developing efficient photocatalytic systems for sustainable biomass valorization.
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LANGMUIR
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
JunZheng Chen,Xue Lv,Yanmin Ma,Wang Xu,Shurui Yi,Di Fang
Photocatalytic technology has attracted great attention in environmental treatment in recent years due to its environmental friendliness. However, the commonly used photocatalyst TiO2 cannot effectively utilize visible light due to its wide bandgap, and the difficulty in recycling the powder catalyst limits the further development of photocatalysis. In this paper, we report a novel PVDF membrane loaded with TiO2/GN/Ag NWs for photocatalytic degradation of MB dye wastewater in the presence of SA by simple vacuum filtration of the photocatalysts loaded on the PVDF membrane, the addition of GN and Ag NWs successfully shortened the band gap of the PVDF/SA/TiO2 membrane (3.2 eV) to that of the PVDF/GN/SA/TiO2/Ag12 membrane (2.6 eV), which effectively enlarged the utilization of TiO2 for visible light and demonstrated efficient and stable photocatalytic degradation of MB dye wastewater under simulated sunlight, and furthermore, the removal efficiency of MB dye wastewater was still maintained at 86% after 5 cycles. This work provides a possibility for the application of TiO2-based PVDF membranes in the photocatalytic degradation of dye wastewater.
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