INDUSTRIAL LUBRICATION AND TRIBOLOGY
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2024
·Vol. 76
·期 1
·70-80
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IF 1.5
Zhicai Du,Qiang He,Hengcheng Wan,Lei Zhang,Zehua Xu,Yuan Xu,Guotao Li
PurposeThis paper aims to improve the tribological properties of lithium complex greases using nanoparticles to investigate the tribological behavior of single additives (nano-TiO2or nano-CeO2) and composite additives (nano-TiO2–CeO2) in lithium complex greases and to analyze the mechanism of their influence using a variety of characterization tools.Design/methodology/approachThe morphology and microstructure of the nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and an X-ray diffractometer. The tribological properties of different nanoparticles, as well as compounded nanoparticles as greases, were evaluated. Average friction coefficients and wear diameters were analyzed. Scanning electron microscopy and three-dimensional topography were used to analyze the surface topography of worn steel balls. The elements present on the worn steel balls’ surface were analyzed using energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.FindingsThe results showed that the coefficient of friction (COF) of grease with all three nanoparticles added was low. The grease-containing composite nanoparticles exhibited a lower COF and superior anti-wear properties. The sample displayed its optimal tribological performance when the ratio of TiO2to CeO2was 6:4, resulting in a 30.5% reduction in the COF and a 29.2% decrease in wear spot diameter compared to the original grease. Additionally, the roughness of the worn spot surface and the maximum depth of the wear mark were significantly reduced.Originality/valueThe main innovation of this study is the first mixing of nano-TiO2and nano-CeO2with different sizes and properties as compound lithium grease additives to significantly enhance the anti-wear and friction reduction properties of this grease. The results of friction experiments with a single additive are used as a basis to explore the synergistic lubrication mechanism of the compounded nanoparticles. This innovative approach provides a new reference and direction for future research and development of grease additives.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at:https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-09-2023-0291/
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2024
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IF 5.3
Jianhua Li,Senyan Wang,Bing Chen,Guotao Pan,Guoge Zhang,Zhao-Bin Ding,Yan Liu
In this work, by integrating TiO2 nanoparticles and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) binder, a green bifunctional TiO2 nanostructured coating (T-SCMC-vac.) directly coupled with 304SS was designed under vacuum thermal treatment, aiming to achieve methyl orange degradation and metal anticorrosion. The T-SCMC-vac. nanostructured coating exhibited a reaction constant 1.7 times higher for degrading methyl orange compared with its counterpart in the simulated seawater environment, demonstrating good photocatalytic performance. Simultaneously, T-SCMC-vac. provided effective photocathodic protection to 304SS. The open circuit potential negatively shifted to −500 mV (vs Ag/AgCl), and the photoresponse current and corrosion current densities reached approximately 10 μA cm–2. Furthermore, the nanostructured coating showed good stability, as evidenced by 98% retention in photocatalytic capability after five cycles and by 14 h long-term photocathodic protection. The experimental results and theoretical calculations suggest that the enhanced performance can be attributed to the chemical interaction between TiO2 nanoparticles and CMC via C–O–Ti bonds, which significantly facilitated photogenerated carrier transport and aligned the potential positions of TiO2, reactive oxygen species, and 304SS. Our findings provide a facile strategy for designing green bifunctional TiO2 nanostructured coatings on ocean-based facilities with seawater pollutant degradation and metal anticorrosion properties.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2024
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IF 5.8
Aerzigu Xukeer,Jin Li
In this study, ZnO/TiO 2 nanosheets were synthesized using a hydrothermal method followed by annealing. The resulting hierarchical ZnO–TiO 2 heterostructures exhibited improved gas-sensing performance compared with pure ZnO. We demonstrated that tuning the ratio of Zn to Ti components in the heterostructure allowed us to adjust the sensor stability , with the best- performing sample having a Zn:Ti ratio of 2:1. A notable reduction was observed in both the sensor response and recovery times, down to 22 and 17 s, respectively, by utilizing nanosheet- structured ZnO/TiO 2 heterojunctions. To gain insight into the interaction between the sensing materials and formaldehyde (HCHO) molecules, we performed first-principles calculations to examine the density of states , charge transfer, and energy of adsorption. Our approach to constructing heterogeneous structures contributes to overcoming the low desorption efficiency and slow response-recovery time of pure ZnO for gas-sensing applications.
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Molecular Catalysis
·
2025
·
IF 4.9
Xiao Chu,Chen Chen,Ying Liang,Yuliang Chen,Yuliang Wu,Yijiang Liu,Rui Meng,Wenmin Wang,Weiwei Huang,Fei Yang,Xuesong Yi,Jun Cheng
The massive emission of dye wastewater has caused significant environmental problems. In this study, zinc-doped titanium dioxide loaded on biochar was synthesized by a simple solvothermal method to investigate its ability of degradation for dyes in photocatalytic process. The discussion focused on the impact of unactivated, acid-activated, and alkali-activated biochar on the properties of composites. Additionally, the composite catalysts underwent comprehensive physical and chemical characterization. The results showed that the particle size of Zn-TiO 2 OHAC increased significantly, which improved the sedimentation performance. Zn-TiO 2 OHAC demonstrated exceptional photocatalytic efficiency in the degradation of various pollutants such as Rhodamine B, Congo Red, Methyl Orange, and Methylene Blue. The better performance of the alkali-treated biochar-loaded composite catalysts was attributed to the fact that the alkali-treated biochar changed the electronic structure of the loaded materials and contained more carbon-oxygen functional groups, which was favorable for the separation of electrons and holes.
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MOLECULES
·
2024
·Vol. 29
·期 11
·2708
·
IF 4.2
Yunteng Chen,Chunxian Hong,Qiang Xu,Haihong Zheng,Chao Wang,Hongshun Lu,Shuai Zhang,Mingming Du,Ganning Zeng
In this study, carbon-quantum-dot (CQD)-decorated TiO2was prepared using an ultrasonic doping method and applied in the photocatalytic degradation of naphthalene under sunlight irradiation. The CQDs were synthesized from a typical macroalgae via diluted sulfuric acid pretreatment and hydrothermal synthesis using an optimal design, i.e., 3 wt% and 200 °C, respectively. The CQD/TiO2composite remarkably enhanced the photocatalytic activity. The degradation of naphthalene under a visible light environment indicated that there is a synergistic mechanism between the CQDs and TiO2, in which the generation of reactive oxygen species is significantly triggered; in addition, the N that originated from the macroalgae accelerated the photocatalytic efficiency. Kinetic analysis showed that the photocatalytic behavior of the CQD/TiO2composite followed a pseudo-first-order equation. Consequently, our combined experimental approach not only provides a facile pretreatment process for bio-CQDs synthesis, but also delivers a suitable TiO2photocatalyst for the visible environment along with critical insights into the development of harmful macroalgae resources.
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CHEMICAL PHYSICS
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2024
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IF 2
Xuecheng Ren,Mingxing Xiao,Kaidong Zhan,Fan Wu,Quinn Qiao
Inorganic lead-free perovskite Cs 3 B i2 I 9 has attracted extensive attention due to its enhanced stability and environmental friendliness. However, the photon-to-current conversion of Cs 3 B i2 I 9 perovskites is not efficient, partly due to inefficient electron-hole separation. In this manuscript, BiFeO 3 was deposited at the interface of Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 /TiO 2 as the interface modifier by sol–gel method, and the photocurrent and responsiveness of the Cs 3 B i2 I 9 /BiFeO 3 /TiO 2 were significantly higher than those of the Cs 3 B i2 I 9 /TiO 2 based device. Kelvin probe force microscope, photoelectrochemical impedance spectroscopy and in-situ surface photovoltage spectra demonstrated that a self-polarized electric field of BiFeO 3 contributed to the separation of photogenerated charge carriers at the Cs 3 B i2 I 9 /TiO 2 interface. By analyzing the surface photovoltage phase spectra via a vector model method, complicated surface photovoltage processes were identified, and a detailed relationship between photocurrent generation and transfer characteristic of the photogenerated charge carriers have been discussed.
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OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 4.6
Hua-Long Du,Nuerguli Kari,Ben Li,Qi Wang
The fiber Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on titanium dioxide(TiO 2 ) and Au nanoparticles (Au-NPs) sensitization is offered as a practical means of increasing the sensitivity and figure of merit (FOM). Through finite element simulation and experimental testing, it is found that in TiO 2 with high dielectric constant and high dielectric conductivity, the carrier movement is fast and consumption is low, which enhances the photocurrent signal and leads to charge redistribution, thus enhances the electric field; while the Au-NPs will stimulate the stronger Localized Surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) phenomenon, and both of them will undergo electric field resonance coupling. The sensitivity of the sensor is higher because its surface electric field is 3.67 times stronger than the conventional Au film sensor. When exposed to external conditions, the sensitivity can reach 9715 nm/RIU within the refractive index (RI) at 1.33213–1.34055, which is 4.69 times higher than a conventional Au film sensor. The FOM can reach 57.8 RIU -1 , which is 2.05 times higher than the conventional Au film sensor. In addition, TiO 2 and Au-NPs on the surface of the sensor are less prone to collapse, and the stability test results show that the relative standard deviation (RSD) is 0.5929 %, which exhibits good reliability and stability. The structure of the sensor is very simple, relatively easy to fabricate, and has good applicability in the field of biochemical testing.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2024
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IF 20.2
Xiaoyuan Liu,Yu Zou,Jiang Jiang
We report selective photocatalytic partial oxidation of glycerol on bimetallic formate oxidase mimicking AuPt/TiO 2 , with a unique self-accelerating reaction kinetics discovered for the first time. Systematic investigation on the glycerol oxidation in the presence of externally added formic acid and various scavengers reveals a positive correlation between photocatalytic activity and solution H 2 O 2 level. A reaction mechanism has been put forward, where the in situ generated formic acid consumes photogenerated holes, and enables on-site H 2 O 2 production on AuPt/TiO 2 , resulting in accelerated glycerol oxidation and improved C3 product selectivity. In pH 9 borate buffer solution, C3 products selectivity of 72% (60% for glyceric acid) has been achieved at 90% glycerol conversion under AM 1.5 G irradiation for 4 h, at ambient conditions. Our findings presented here may help guiding catalyst design for the photocatalytic biomass valorization in the future.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2025
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IF 7.2
Jianglin Tu,Jun Zhang,Hao Song,Xun Zhu,Dingding Ye,Yang Yang,Xiao Yan,Hong Wang,Rong Chen,Qiang Liao
The utilization of crude glycerol, a byproduct of biodiesel, for hydrogen production is a promising approach to recover waste into clean energy. In this study, we develop a novel dual-nanostructured plasmonic Au-NS&NR/TiO 2 by co-loading Au nanorods (Au NR) and nanospheres (Au NS) onto TiO 2 for photothermal catalytic hydrogen production in the presence of glycerol. It is demonstrated that the coupling between the resonant wavelengths of Au nanospheres and nanorods broadens the light response range. The stronger localized electromagnetic field generated by the Au nanorods facilitates the generation of photogenerated charge carriers, while the Au nanospheres enable more efficient utilization of hot electrons. The thermal effect induced by localized surface plasmon resonance enhances molecular collisions, further improving the photothermal catalytic hydrogen production performance. This work highlights the potential application of photothermal catalytic hydrogen production using solar energy in the presence of glycerol.
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Energy Science & Engineering
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2025
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IF 3.4
Zhangyang Li,Chunling Wang,Daoping He,Fangming Jin
Photocatalytic biomass valorization toward multicarbon chemicals holds promise for sustainable energy solutions. Nevertheless, this approach suffers from dual challenges: inherent instability of polyhydroxy intermediates and inefficient formic acid production under ambient conditions. Here, we demonstrated that a TiO 2-x photocatalyst with oxygen vacancies can effectively catalyze the transformation of glucose into arabinose, erythrose, and formic acid using O 2 as an oxidant in pure water under natural sunlight irradiation. The C 1 −OH group of glucose adsorbed on the oxygen vacancies of TiO 2-x undergoes photo-induced hole oxidation, leading to the formation of gluconolactone-TiO 2-x as a new motif. Subsequent cleavage of bonds by ·OOH radicals generated from oxygen reduction produces arabinose, erythrose, and formic acid. The oxygen vacancy strategy achieves a remarkable 53.9% yield for glucose oxidation, which exhibits 10.8-fold enhancement compared to that of conventional TiO 2 without oxygen vacancies, thereby opening new avenues for developing efficient photocatalytic systems for sustainable biomass valorization.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2025
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IF 3.9
Tongtong Zhang,Xibo Zhang,Fei Chang
The industrial production of ammonia predominantly relies on the well-established Haber-Bosch process, which operates under harsh conditions (350–500 °C and 15–35 MPa). This process consumes nearly 2% of the world’s energy production and is associated with significant carbon emissions. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop efficient catalytic processes for ammonia synthesis that can operate at milder temperatures and pressures. In this work, we introduce a synergistic photothermal ammonia synthesis process using ruthenium (Ru) catalysts supported on defective titania (TiO2-x). A solid-state mechanical reduction method was employed to create oxygen vacancies in TiO2, resulting in the formation of TiO2-x. The Ru nanoparticles on TiO2-x with moderate oxygen vacancies exhibited high dispersion, with an average particle size of 2–3 nm. Owing to the plasmonic hybridization effect between TiO2-x and Ru nanoparticles, the Ru/TiO2–x system demonstrated full-spectrum solar-light absorption and enabled photothermal ammonia synthesis at low temperature (250 °C). This system achieved nearly a 300% enhancement in activity compared to that of traditional thermal catalytic processes. Kinetic studies revealed a decrease in apparent activation energy and reaction orders of N2 and NH3 upon solar illumination of Ru/TiO2–x, indicating its remarkable photothermal promotion of nitrogen activation and ammonia desorption. Our findings underscore the significance of the photothermal effect in activating inert nitrogen molecules and achieving ammonia synthesis under mild conditions, providing valuable insights into the design of future catalysts.
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MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
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2025
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IF 4.7
Xinyu Han,Bo Yang,Wanqi Chen,Ruolan Tang,Song Li,Haile Yan,Liang Zuo
Solar-driven interfacial water evaporation desalination has emerged as a promising approach to address the global freshwater scarcity. However, fogging on transparent plates caused by condensation during freshwater collection obstructs light transmission, thereby reducing evaporation efficiency. To overcome this challenge, in this work, we integrated a super-hydrophilic TiO 2 –SiO 2 composite coating onto the transparent glass plates used in the solar-driven interfacial water evaporation desalination system. We systematically optimized the TiO 2 to SiO 2 ratio and synthesis process, and analyzed their anti-fogging performance as well as the photo-induced hydrophilicity mechanisms. The TiO 2 –SiO 2 composite coatings demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in suppressing fogging and enhancing system performance. Notably, the TiO 2 -60 % coated sample exhibited outstanding properties, achieving a water contact angle (WCA) of 2.1° after illumination. Even after 30 days of dark storage, the WCA increased only modestly to 27.8°, but rapidly recovered to a super-hydrophilic state of 7.9° upon re-exposure to light. Additionally, the coating maintained an average transmittance of 92.31 % across the 400–1100 nm wavelength range, surpassing that of bare glass (91.58 %) and ensuring optical clarity throughout a 108-h simulated solar evaporation test. This study not only establishes a theoretical framework for designing self-cleaning anti-fog coatings but also introduces innovative strategies to enhance the efficiency of solar-driven water evaporation technologies.
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