ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2023
·
IF 9.5
Quan-Fu Li,Xu Chen,Hai Wang,Ming Liu,Hui-Ling Peng
Wearable non-invasive sensors facilitate the continuous measurement of glucose in sweat for the treatment and management of diabetes. However, the catalysis of glucose and sweat sampling are challenges in the development of efficient wearable glucose sensors. Herein, we report a flexible wearable non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for continuous glucose detection in sweat. We synthesized a catalyst (Pt/MXene) by the hybridization of Pt nanoparticles onto MXene (Ti3C2Tx) nanosheets with a broad linear range of glucose detection (0–8 mmol/L) under neutral conditions. Furthermore, we optimized the structure of the sensor by immobilizing Pt/MXene with a conductive hydrogel to enhance the stability of the sensor. Based on Pt/MXene and the optimized structure, we fabricated a flexible wearable glucose sensor by integrating a microfluidic patch for sweat collection onto a flexible sensor. We evaluated the utility of the sensor for the detection of glucose in sweat, and the sensor could detect the glucose change with the replenishment and consumption of energy by the body, and a similar trend was observed in the blood. An in vivo glucose test in sweat indicated that the fabricated sensor is promising for the continuous measurement of glucose, which is essential for the treatment and management of diabetes.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2023
·
IF 9.5
Yue Tian,Ying Li,Chuqiao Hu,Yaqian Yang,Di Chen,Guozhen Shen
Weak-light detection technology is widely used in various fields, including industry, high-energy physics, precision analysis, and reflection imaging. Metal–semiconductor–metal (MSM) photodetectors demonstrate high detectivity and high response speed and are one of the suitable structures for the preparation of weak-light detectors. However, traditional MSM photodetectors tend to exhibit high dark currents, which are not conducive to performance improvement. Here, a MXene–Cs3Bi2I9–MXene weak-light detector is proposed. Based on the MXene–Cs3Bi2I9 Schottky junctions, the dark current is reduced by 2 orders of magnitude and the responsivity is significantly improved compared with the traditional Cr/Au–Cs3Bi2I9–Cr/Au MSM photodetector. The device demonstrates excellent photodetection capacity with a photoresponsivity of 6.45 A W–1, a specific detectivity of 9.45 × 1011 Jones, and a fast response speed of 0.27/2.32 ms. Especially, the device yielded a superior weak-light detectable limit of 10.66 nW cm–2 and demonstrated excellent optical communication capability. Moreover, such a flexible device shows little degradation in photodetection performance after extreme bending for 4500 cycles, proving remarkable bending endurance and flexibility. The obtained results highlight the great potential of such Cs3Bi2I9/MXene devices as a stable and environmentally friendly candidate for weak-light detection.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2023
·
IF 9.5
Qingqing Li,Xinrong Zhi,Yifan Xia,Shilei Han,Wenyu Guo,Mingyuan Li,Xin Wang
Conductive hydrogels as promising candidates of wearable electronics have attracted considerable interest in health monitoring, multifunctional electronic skins, and human–machine interfaces. However, to simultaneously achieve excellent electrical properties, superior stretchability, and a low detection threshold of conductive hydrogels remains an extreme challenge. Herein, an ultrastretchable high-conductivity MXene-based organohydrogel (M-OH) is developed for human health monitoring and machine-learning-assisted object recognition, which is fabricated based on a Ti3C2Tx MXene/lithium salt (LS)/poly(acrylamide) (PAM)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel through a facile immersion strategy in a glycerol/water binary solvent. The fabricated M-OH demonstrates remarkable stretchability (2000%) and high conductivity (4.5 S/m) due to the strong interaction between MXene and the dual-network PVA/PAM hydrogel matrix and the incorporation between MXene and LS, respectively. Meanwhile, M-OH as a wearable sensor enables human health monitoring with high sensitivity and a low detection limit (12 Pa). Furthermore, based on pressure mapping image recognition technology, an 8 × 8 pixelated M-OH-based sensing array can accurately identify different objects with a high accuracy of 97.54% under the assistance of a deep learning neural network (DNN). This work demonstrates excellent comprehensive performances of the ultrastretchable high-conductive M-OH in health monitoring and object recognition, which would further explore extensive potential application prospects in personal healthcare, human–machine interfaces, and artificial intelligence.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 9.9
Kaili Gong,Lian Yin,Congling Shi,Xiaodong Qian,Keqing Zhou
It is challenging that the functionalized MXene-based nanofillers are designed to modify the inherent flammability and poor toughness of epoxy polymeric materials and further to facilitate the application of EP composites. Herein, silicon-reinforced Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene-based nanoarchitectures (MXene@SiO 2 ) are synthesized by simple self-growth method, and its enhancement effects on epoxy resin (EP) are investigated. The as-prepared nanoarchitectures realize homogeneous dispersion in EP matrix, indicating well performance-enhancing potential. The incorporation of MXene@SiO 2 achieves improved thermal stability for EP composites with higher T -5% and lower R max values. Moreover, EP/2 wt% MXene@SiO 2 composites obtain a 30.2% and 34.0% reduction in peak heat release rate (PHRR) and peak smoke production rate (PSPR) compared to those of pure EP, respectively, also achieving a 52.5% fall in smoke factor (SF) values and increased yield and stability of chars. The dual char-forming effects of MXene@SiO 2 nanoarchitectures, including the catalytic charring of MXene and the migration of SiO 2 to induce charring, are accounted for the results, as well as lamellar barrier effects. Additionally, EP/MXene@SiO 2 composites achieve an enhanced storage modulus of 51.5%, along with improved tensile strength and elongation at break, compared to those of pure EP.
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SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 5.4
Haifeng Bian,Yanyan Du,Yilun Ren,Hao Wu,Yujie Ma,Beibei Yang,Shaochun Tang,Duan Bin,Hongbin Lu,Xiangkang Meng
Polypyrrole (PPY) coating is promising for the anticorrosion of stainless steel (SS) bipolar plates (BPs) in virtue of its good conductivity and corrosion resistance . However, the poor adhesion and pore defects of pure PPY coating limit its application. In this work, a PPY/Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene composite coating was synthesized on 304SS BPs by one-step electrodeposition , which is a facile method to realize the polymerization of PPY and the doping of MXene at the same time. The PPY/MXene coating exhibits better long-term immersion stability in simulated proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) environment than pure PPY. The enhanced corrosion resistance is mainly benefited from the enhanced barrier effect, anodic protection effect and adhesion by the introduction of MXene. Meanwhile, the introduction of MXene significantly improves the conductivity of the coating and decreases the interfacial contact resistance at 1.4 MPa from 108.16 mΩ·cm 2 to 55.24 mΩ·cm 2 .
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EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 6
Jian-Bao Yang,Jing-Wen Wang,Guo-Chao Zhuang,Xin-Zhu Wang,Hou-Qing Wang,Ying-Jie Ma,Yang Zhang
It is critical for electromechanical polymer film to have excellent dielectric properties. In this research, two-dimensional MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) nanosheets decorated with acidified carbon nanotubes (referred to here as CNT-COOH@Ti 3 C 2 T x ) were used as conductive fillers to prepare high dielectric constant acrylic resin elastomer (AE)-based percolative composite films. Physical blends of Ti 3 C 2 T x and AE (Ti 3 C 2 T x /AE) and CNT-COOH@Ti 3 C 2 T x /AE composite films with different volume fraction fillers were prepared by solution casting method, and their percolation thresholds ( f c ) were 1.38 vol% and 1.51 vol%, respectively. At 10 2 Hz, the dielectric constant of 1.42 vol% CNT-COOH@Ti 3 C 2 T x /AE is 120, which is 1.29 times that of 1.26 vol% Ti 3 C 2 T x /AE and 30 times that of AE. At the same time, the dielectric loss of 1.42 vol% CNT-COOH@Ti 3 C 2 T x /AE remains at a relatively low level (0.15 at 10 2 Hz). The significant increase in the dielectric constant of the composite is closely related to the miniature capacitor effect and interfacial polarization effect.
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ACS Applied Electronic Materials
·
2023
·
IF 4.7
Hai Jiang,Mei Qin,Cheng Zhang,Zhiwei Weng,Jiabo Zhang,Xuan Weng
The implementation of tactile functions in array sensors has created an urgent need for high-performance force sensors with both high linearity and sensitivity so as to ensure the uniformity and accuracy of acquisition of multiple sensing units in the array sensors. In addition, it still remains challenging to fabricate exquisite geometric constructions for integrating highly sensitive materials, extraordinary sensitivity, high stretchability, wide sensing range, and flexibility into a single type of pressure/strain sensor. Herein, a sensitive flexible sensor was fabricated that was composed of mixed-dimensional MXene-based nanocomposites as piezoresistive layers and Ecoflex layers as the encapsulation. The resultant sensors with MXene (Ti3C2Tx)-ANF (aramid nanofiber)-BP (black phosphorus)-gold (Au) nanocomposites exhibited excellent electrical conductivity, ultrahigh press sensitivity of 0.4986 kPa–1 (0–1 kPa), reliable linearity (R2 = 0.998), rapid response time of 12 ms, excellent durability over 4000 cycles, and ultrahigh tensile sensitivity of 9188.583. An 8 × 8 pixel electronic skin was fabricated by the as-prepared mixed-dimensional MXene-based sensors and tested in the identification of sliding movements and surface shape, and the good performance shows great potential applications in the fields of wearable devices, human–machine interaction, and robotics.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 10.9
Leini Wang,Gang He,Wenhao Wang,Xiaofen Xu,Shanshan Jiang,Elvira Fortunato,Rodrigo Martins
The homojunction based on Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene-doped In 2 O 3 and indium oxide as the channel layer is realized in high-performance metal oxide thin film transistors (TFTs). Doping of MXene into In 2 O 3 results in n-type semiconductor behavior, realizing tunable work function of In 2 O 3 from 5.11 to 4.79 eV as MXene content increases from 0 to 2 wt.%. MXene-doped In 2 O 3 -based homojunction TFT presents optimal performance with electron mobilities of greater than 27.10 cm 2 /(V s) at 240 °C, far exceeding the maximum mobility of 3.91 cm 2 /(V s) for single-layer In 2 O 3 TFTs. The improved performance originates from boosting of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) formed at carefully engineered In 2 O 3 /MXene-doped In 2 O 3 oxide homojunction interface. Besides, the transformation in conduction mechanism leads to better stability of MXene-doped In 2 O 3 homojunction devices compared to undoped bilayer In 2 O 3 . Low-frequency noise further illustrates that doping MXene into In 2 O 3 helps to reduce the device trap density, demonstrating excellent electrical performance. A resistor-loaded unipolar inverter based on In 2 O 3 /0.5% MXene-In 2 O 3 TFT has demonstrated full swing characteristics and a high gain of 13. The effective doping of MXene into constructed homojunction TFTs not only contributes to improved stability, but also provides an effective strategy for designing novel homojunction TFTs for low-cost oxide-based electronics.
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MOLECULES
·
2023
·Vol. 28
·期 7
·3262
·
IF 4.6
Shuya Xue,Min Shi,Jinye Wang,Jiapeng Li,Guanwei Peng,Jingkun Xu,Yansha Gao,Xuemin Duan,Limin Lu
In this work, TiO2-MXene/poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) composite was utilized as an electrode material for the sensitive electrochemical detection of baicalein. The in-situ growth of TiO2nanoparticles on the surface of MXene nanosheets can effectively prevent their aggregation, thus presenting a significantly large specific surface area and abundant active sites. However, the partial oxidation of MXene after calcination could reduce its conductivity. To address this issue, herein, PEDOT:PSS films were introduced to disperse the TiO2-MXene materials. The uniform and dense films of PEDOT:PSS not only improved the conductivity and dispersion of TiO2-MXene but also enhanced its stability and electrocatalytic activity. With the advantages of a composite material, TiO2-MXene/PEDOT:PSS as an electrode material demonstrated excellent electrochemical sensing ability for baicalein determination, with a wide linear response ranging from 0.007 to 10.0 μM and a lower limit of detection of 2.33 nM. Furthermore, the prepared sensor displayed good repeatability, reproducibility, stability and selectivity, and presented satisfactory results for the determination of baicalein in human urine sample analysis.Keywords:TiO2-MXene;oxygen vacancy;PEDOT:PSS;baicalein;electrochemical sensor
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Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2023
·Vol. 11
·期 14
·4614-4622
·
IF 6.4
Xingmin Liu,Jinling Tong,Jijie Wang,Shaowei Lu,Dongxu Yang,Hongmei Li,Chunzhong Liu,Yutong Song
Flexible piezoelectric pressure sensors have a great application prospect in wearable electronic products due to the advantages of low cost, fast response speed and a self-powered system. However, traditional films based on piezoelectric ceramic/polymer materials face problems such as poor dispersion and insufficient polarization, which hinder the piezoelectric performance of pressure sensors. In this work, MXene was introduced to modify the surface of barium titanate (BaTiO3), which was blended with poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE) matrix. An electrospinning method was adapted to fabricate BaTiO3/MXene/PVDF-TrFE composite films. This work proposed a new microscopic sensing mechanism. In addition, this MXene-modification strategy could improve the dispersion of BaTiO3 into the PVDF-TrFE matrix, increase the polarization efficiency and enhance the piezoelectric performance of the sensors. The results showed that the composite film with 0.15 wt% MXene could achieve a remarkable output voltage of 7.6 V. In addition, the tensile strength of the composite film with 0.15 wt% MXene (20.8 MPa) was 77.8% higher than that without MXene (11.7 MPa). Meanwhile, the β phase content of the composite film could reach 81.04%, and the crystallinity increased from 39.49% to 50.31%. The fabricated piezoelectric pressure sensor had a wide detection range (0.2–400 kPa) and a short response time (56 ms). Besides, even after undergoing over 5000 compression cycles, it maintained a stable piezoelectric response. This pressure sensor could quickly respond to joint movements and strenuous exercises in humans. Therefore, this pressure sensor showed great advantages and potential in the application of human motion monitoring.
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2D Materials
·
2023
·Vol. 10
·期 2
·024007
·
IF 5.5
Mingtao Zhang,Meng Su,Yijing Qin,Chuntai Liu,Changyu Shen,Jun Ma,Xianhu Liu
The frequent oil spill accidents during oil exploration and transportation have caused large economic loss and catastrophic environmental disasters. Due to low cost and simplicity, adsorption and filtration materials are often chosen to deal with oil spills, but the outcomes are not satisfactory mainly because of the awfully high viscosity of crude oil. Herein a photothermal ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene/MXene composite aerogel with a high light absorption (99.97%) and water repellency (water contact angle >148°) is developed by thermally induced phase separation method. The composite aerogel endows durable hydrophobicity with which the water contact angle is more than 142° in acidic/alkaline environments, and the maximum absorption capacity of 81 g g−1. In addition, it exhibits an excellent photothermal performance, rising surface temperature to 70 °C within 60 s under 1 sun irradiation, that can drastically reduce the crude oil absorption time from 60 min to 60 s, saving 98% of absorption time and reaching a crude oil absorption capacity of 21 g g−1. More interestingly, the designed solar evaporation device with the obtained composite aerogel can achieve an evaporation rate of 1.15 kg m−2h−1 and evaporation efficiency of 74%. The designed composite aerogel opens a possible pathway for solar-powered crude oil adsorption applications.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2023
·
IF 9.5
Jie Yang,Jianli Cheng,Guicai Qi,Bin Wang
The ability of a flexible strain sensor to directly adapt the complicated human biological motion or combined gestures and remotely control the artificial intelligence robotics could benefit the wearable electronics such as intelligent robotics and patient healthcare. However, it is a challenge for the flexible strain sensor to simultaneously achieve high sensing performances and stretchability and long sustainability under various deformation stress or damage. Herein, a dual-cross-linked poly(acrylic acid–stearyl methacrylate)/MXene [P(AA–SMA)M] hydrogel with enhanced mechanical stretchability and self-healability is fabricated by importing reversible coordination and hydrophobic interaction into polymer networks. As a result, the hydrogel film not only exhibits high tensile strength (525 kPa) and stretchability (∼2600%) but also achieves repetitive healable property with 843% elongation even after the 20th broken/self-healing cycle. More importantly, the resultant strain sensor delivers a low detection limit, wide sensing range, fast response time, and repeatability of 1000 cycles even after repeated self-healing. So, the sensor can monitor subtle human motions and recognize different handwriting and gestures, which reveals potential applications toward health-care devices, flexible electronics, and human–machine interfacing.
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