POLYMER BULLETIN
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2025
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IF 4
Jing Yichen,Lu Yin,Zhang Kan
It is well-established that the oxazine ring in benzoxazine resin generally exhibits good stability at ambient temperature, but undergoes ring-opening polymerization reactions at relatively higher temperatures. To make benzoxazine resin more practical for application, it is crucial to lower its curing temperature. In this study, novel thermosetting systems were prepared by using bio-based benzoxazine derived from daidzein (Dz-fa) blending with commercialized novolac resin. Novolac resin, which contains rich phenolic hydroxyl groups, was utilized as the curing accelerator for Dz-fa. The curing behavior of the thermosetting blends as well as the properties of the resulting thermosets was systematically investigated. The curing kinetics of the bio-based benzoxazine with novolac resin were monitored using differential scanning calorimetry and in situ FTIR spectroscopy. The thermal properties of the cured resins were assessed by thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis. The flexural strength of materials is tested by universal material testing machine. These results demonstrated that employing the novolac resin effectively reduced the curing temperature of the bio-based benzoxazine without sacrificing too much in terms of the thermal stability and mechanical property. Specifically, the char yield of cured resin (Yc), the glass transition temperature ( T g ) and flexural strength of Dz-fa and novolac resin blends in the ratio of 9:1 were found to be 65.0%, 314 °C and 84.05 MPa, respectively. This study provides a practical approach to lowering the curing temperature of benzoxazine resins. The thermosets with relatively high thermal stability can be achieved through implementable process, thereby potentially reducing overall costs during the production of benzoxazine-based materials.
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高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
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2025
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IF 10
Tian-Mo Yang,Hao-Xin Niu,Wen-Jie Zheng,Hao-Ran Jiang,Yuan Hu,Xin Wang
To address the depletion of petroleum resources and the challenge of recycling epoxy resin, the development of green and recyclable bio-based alternatives to bisphenol A-type epoxy resins is urgently needed. In this study, a furan-derived epoxy monomer (diglycidyl furfurylamine, DGFA) was synthesized from furfurylamine, and a flame-retardant curing agent (9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide-maleic anhydride adduct, DOPO-MA) containing ester bonds was prepared via the addition of DOPO and maleic anhydride. Furan-derived epoxy vitrimers based on transesterification were fabricated by curing DGFA with a proportional mixture of DOPO-MA and glutaric anhydride. Compared with the neat vitrimer (DGFA-D 0 G 1 ), the flame-retardant composites (DGFA-D 1 G 1 , DGFA-D 1 G 1.5 , DGFA-D 1 G 2 ) all achieved a UL-94 V-0 rating, with the limiting oxygen index (LOI) increasing from 23.0 % to 32.0 %, 30.0 %, and 29.0 %, respectively. The peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) were reduced by up to 48.6 % and 56.4 %, respectively. With the incorporation of DOPO-MA, the glass transition temperature (Tg) and rigidity of the flame-retardant vitrimers significantly increased. Notably, these composites exhibited excellent solvent resistance, even under strongly acidic conditions, and their degradation rate could be tailored by adjusting the temperature and mixed solution ratio to achieve on-demand removal. The DGFA-D 1 G 2 sample demonstrated superior self-healing and recyclability: surface scratches were almost completely healed after heating at 150 °C for 25 min, and the tensile strength of the recycled sample retained 77.8 % of the original value, indicating well-preserved mechanical properties.
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高影响因子
Advanced Healthcare Materials
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2025
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IF 9.6
Linying Yan,Masoumeh Kianfar,Yuqian Liu,Yang Huang,Huining Xiao,Farzad Seidi
The development of injectable hydrogel wound dressings with inherent antibacterial and antioxidant properties for treating full-thickness skin injuries represents one of the most promising solutions in clinical care. In this study, a series of injectable hydrogels with tunable gelation times is designed and prepared through the Diels-Alder (DA) reaction between diene-functionalized quaternary cellulose and maleimide-grafted quaternary chitosan. The high degree of substitution of diene and maleimide groups on these polysaccharides enables the formation of highly crosslinked hydrogels. By fine-tuning the structure of the dienes, the gelation time can be reduced to 4 min at 37 ° C. Both precursors and hydrogels showed strong antibacterial activity with killing efficacies >98% against E. coli and S. aureus . Meanwhile, the encapsulation of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG, a green tea derivative) endowed the hydrogel with strong antioxidant performance. Moreover, the hydrogel exhibited good biocompatibility with 100% cell viability for NIH3T3 cells. In vivo wound healing assessment in a mouse full-thickness skin defect model revealed that the optimum hydrogel exhibited significant collagen deposition and vascularization, as well as remarkable regenerative wound healing performance, demonstrating its great potential as a bio-based wound dressing for improving wound healing.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
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2024
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IF 12.7
Xinbei Zhu,Jingkai Liu,Kerong Yang,Liyue Zhang,Shuaipeng Wang,Xiaoqing Liu
Micro-nano encapsulation strategy combining three-dimensional (3D) porous carriers and phase change materials (PCMs) has been widely investigated due to its structure stability, high efficiency, and designability. However, the current 3D scaffolds suffering from structure regularity are hard to meet the urgent requirements of high energy conversion efficiency and versatile applications. Herein, a 3D porous graphene scaffold (2LrGO@LIG), which is fabricated from polybenzoxazine/graphene oxide (GO) composite using laser irradiation that structurally engineers a gully-shaped surface and a 3D overlapped graphene networks, was employed for PCMs encapsulation. The addition of GO is proved to enhance the quality of produced laser induced graphene (LIG), which could also be reduced into laser-reduced graphene oxide (LrGO) and connect the adjacent LIGs as thermal bridges. As a consequence, the obtained phase change composite (2LrGO@LIG/MA) showed photo-thermal and electro-thermal conversion efficiency of 94.1 % and 99.1 %, respectively. In addition, benefiting from the surface hydrophobicity (135°), high energy storage density (167.7 J/g) and electrical conductivity (307.9 S/m), 2LrGO@LIG/MA also demonstrated great potential in smart building materials and wearable electronic devices. This study provides a facile method for designing advanced PCM composites with multi-energy conversion capacity and application versatility.
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高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
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2025
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IF 9.5
Guangmeng Chen,Ming Mu,Wenjie Yu,Li Jia,Ziqiang Hu,Weiwei Zhao,Xiaoqing Liu
Flexible sensors in practical applications require them to show sufficiently high sensitivity over wide sensing ranges, however, there always exists a trade-off. Herein, we address the aforementioned challenging through the geometric innovation of laser-induced graphene (LIG) conductive paths. A liquid benzoxazine (PGE-fa) precursor is developed to enable the in-situ LIG fabrication on PDMS substrates, eliminating the conventional transfer-induced defects. Furthermore, a dual architecture integrating straight and serpentine LIG patterns in parallel synergistically resolves the sensitivity-range paradox, where the straight segments bear high sensitivity (GF = 68.98 at 1% strain) for micro-strain detection (0.05–10%), while the serpentine components maintain conductivity for large-strain tolerance (up to 30%). It is revealed that the cracks appear in straight LIG line under small deformations, resulting in resistance change to guarantee high sensitivity, whereas the serpentine LIG line can dissipate stress through in-plane bending and rotational deformation, and therefore, contribute to the conductive path to accommodate broad strain range. In addition, the sensor exhibits exceptional performance of rapid response/recovery (180/200 ms), ultralow detection limit (0.05% strain), and 5,000-cycle durability. Experimental validations in pulse waveform analysis, blink detection, joint motion monitoring, and Morse code-based human-machine communication collectively demonstrate the sensor's versatility across diverse physiological and biomechanical sensing scenarios. It is believed that the intelligent structural design in this work is attractive for the development of high-performance wearable systems in personalized healthcare.
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高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2024
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IF 7.1
Yuqi Liu,Li Yuan,Guozheng Liang,Aijuan Gu
Developing biomass resins with high thermal resistance and mechanical performance through a green strategy is an interesting challenge. Increasing the functionality of oxazine ring is favorable to improve the thermal resistance and mechanical strength of resins; however, no tri- or more functional benzoxazine monomers synthesized using the green strategy have been reported. Herein, two novel trifunctional benzoxazine monomers (coded as DPTA-f and DPTR-f) with very low melting points (61, 49 °C) were synthesized using biomass raw materials (diphenolic acid, tyramine, tyrosol, and furfurylamine) and green solvents (ethanol and water). The cured resins of DPTA-f and DPTR-f, designed as P(DPTA-f) and P(DPTR-f), not only exhibit high storage moduli (3600 and 3080 MPa) and high tensile strength (65.0 and 55.1 MPa) but also have high glass transition temperature (Tg = 328, 302 °C) and initial degradation temperature (351 and 350 °C), especially P(DPTA-f) exhibits bigger Tg than all benzoxazine resins prepared using the green strategy (SCI database). They also have good flame retardancy. The above excellent processing nature of DPTA-f and DPTR-f together with competitive thermal resistance and mechanical strength of two cured resins benefits from the unique chemical and aggregate state structures of the biobased benzoxazines.
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）