Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-14
·
IF 15.7
Zhang Kexin,Liang Xiao,Wang Yucheng,Zou Yongcun,Zhao Xiao,Chen Hui,Zou Xiaoxin
The dynamic reconstruction of oxygen evolution electrocatalysts dictates their performance, yet conventional Ir-based materials face an inherent activity-stability trade-off due to surface amorphization into hydrous IrO x phases accompanied by lattice oxygen mechanisms. Here, we uncover a distinct reconstruction pathway for supported Ir nanoparticles, where a TiO x @Ti substrate drives a bulk phase transition from metallic Ir to crystalline rutile IrO 2 during electrocatalysis. Unlike surface-limited amorphization, this support-guided crystallization shifts the reaction mechanism from involving lattice oxygen mechanism to the complete adsorbate evolution mechanism, as confirmed by mechanistic and structural analyses. Consequently, the Ir/TiO x @Ti catalyst achieves both high activity and durability in acidic media, demonstrated in three-electrode systems and proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers. This work redefines support roles in electrocatalyst reconstruction, demonstrating that bulk phase engineering—rather than surface modification—resolves the long-standing efficiency-durability conflict in acidic oxygen evolution.
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-13
·
IF 15.7
Huang Jun,Yang Qirui,Hu Anyi,Liao Zhu,Zhang Zhengxi,Zheng Qinfeng,Ren Zhouhong,Zheng Shun,Zhang Yixiao,Yang Xiaolong,Xu Zhenming,Zhang Le,Zhu Daming,Wen Wen,Liu Xi,Orita Akihiro,Saito Nagahiro,Wang Liguang,Xia Yongyao,Chen Liwei,Lu Jun,Yang Li
Developing lithium-ion batteries with high specific energy and fast-charging capability requires overcoming the potential-capacity trade-off in negative electrodes. Conventional fast-charging materials (e.g., Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , TiNb 2 O 7 ) operate at high potentials (>1.5 V vs. Li + /Li) to circumvent lithium plating, yet this compromises specific energy. A viable strategy for enhancing the specific energy is to reduce the potential while avoiding the lithium plating risk; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that enhancing Titanium-Oxygen covalency through pseudo-Jahn-Teller Effect distortion in Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites enables low-potential operation. The Li 2 La 2 Ti 3 O 10 negative electrode exhibits a working potential of 0.5 V vs. Li + /Li with initial 139.3 mAh g −1 at 5 A g −1 and 72.9% capacity retention after 5000 cycles. Full cells with LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 positive electrodes deliver 3.45 V average discharge voltage-50% higher than conventional Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 | |LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 systems-achieving 100 mAh g −1 at 4 A g −1 . Mechanistic analysis reveals low Li⁺ migration barriers and stable Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite frameworks enable rapid ion transport.
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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 18.5
Zhiyu Huang,Aixin Tong,Tonghe Xing,Annan He,Yuxin Luo,Yu Zhang,Mengqi Wang,Sijie Qiao,Zhicheng Shi,Fengxiang Chen,Weilin Xu
Camouflage clothing and cloaks are widely used in the military field. However, the widespread use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) equipped with infrared thermal imaging devices has rendered traditional camouflage ineffective in the face of its unparalleled detection capabilities in modern warfare. Inspired by the enhancement principles of cellulose and lignin in natural wood, the interfacial engineering of biomineralization, and the scale structure of pangolins, herein, a regenerated cellulose/lignin composite aerogel with a toast-like structure by integrating all three biomimetic techniques into a single biomimetic design is developed. The unique toast-like structure allows effective protection of the internal porous structure during surface modification. The prepared composite aerogel not only exhibits excellent mechanical properties but also demonstrates a desert sand-like color, superior thermal insulation, and effective infrared blocking capabilities, highlighting its potential in thermal camouflage applications. This work proposes a green method for preparing regenerated cellulose composite aerogel sheets, which is expected to provide a design concept for the preparation, functionalization, and application of regenerated cellulose aerogel materials. In addition, factors such as the generalizability of the study, environmental impacts, and economic benefits are discussed.
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RSC Advances
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 7
·5042-5059
·
IF 4.6
Irfan Ijaz,Aysha Bukhari,Ammara Nazir,Ezaz Gilani,Hina Zain,Attia Shaheen,Mohammed Rafi Shaik,Mujeeb Khan,Jilani P. Shaik
The simultaneous removal of antibiotics and heavy metal ions is of utmost importance because of their hazardous effects on the environment and humans. For the adsorption of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and neodymium (Nd3+) in mono- and binary contaminant systems (SMX–Nd3+ and Nd3+–SMX), a novel composite was designed using sulfated fucan (FuS), MXenes, and α-aminophosphonates (AMPs) in this study. As far as we know, the concurrent adsorption of SMX and Nd3+ employing materials made of MXenes, FuS, and AMPs with this specific structure has not yet been reported. At 318 K, the FuS@MXene@AMP adsorbent demonstrated excellent adsorption capacities of 448.91 and 255.78 mg g−1 for SMX and Nd3+, respectively. The pseudo-first-order (PSO) kinetic model was the most appropriate for depicting the adsorption of SMX and Nd3+ among all the tested kinetic models. The adsorption of SMX and Nd3+ is better described by the Langmuir isotherm model with a higher value of adsorption capacity and R2. The simultaneous presence of Nd3+ and SMX promoted mutual sorption between the antibiotic and metal ions in the binary systems. The results of FTIR and XPS studies indicated that the removal mechanisms were primarily due to hydrogen bonding, complexation, electrostatic interaction, and π–π interaction.
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Materials Today Bio
·
2025
·
IF 10.2
Rui Chen,Zhiqi Yang,Yining Chen,Jinjie Wang,Yuhang Wang,Liqi Wei,Pengcheng Yu,Mengyuan Zhang,Yan Yan,Shuo Yang,Lili Wang,Yan Cheng
Hypoxia and electron-hole recombination are two obstacles limiting sonodynamic therapeutic efficacy against cancer. Herein, bismuth sulfide (Bi 2 S 3 )-titania (TiO 2 ) heterostructure is designed based on the excellent photothermal property of Bi 2 S 3 , which could improve intratumor oxygen content through increasing blood flow with the help of near infrared light. Bi 2 S 3 -TiO 2 heterostructure nanoparticles (NPs) present similar photothermal performance to Bi 2 S 3 NPs, while Bi 2 S 3 -TiO 2 NPs show higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating ability than Bi 2 S 3 NPs under ultrasonic irradiation. In vitro assessments proved that Bi 2 S 3 -TiO 2 NPs could produce heat and ROS to damage mitochondrial, leading to cell death due to their synergetic photothermal and sonodynamic performances. After being administrated into tumor, Bi 2 S 3 -TiO 2 NPs can effectively improve oxygen content at 8 h post 808 nm laser irradiation. The tumor growth inhibition rate of Bi 2 S 3 -TiO 2 NPs with 808 nm laser or ultrasound irradiation is 77.49 ± 3.96 % and 63.64 ± 2.2.7 %, respectively, while it reaches up 88.82 ± 3.98 % when 808 nm laser and ultrasound are applied in sequence, proving the photothermal amplified sonodynamic therapeutic efficacy against hypoxic tumor. As a result, the design of Bi 2 S 3 -TiO 2 heterostructure NPs realizes photothermal amplified sonodynamic therapy, providing a potential strategy for treating hypoxic tumors.
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POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2025
·Vol. 36
·期 2
·e70128
·
IF 3.4
Yang Zhang,Qingsong Li,Xi Xie,Guoxin Sui
Most polymers and composites suffer from high friction and wear due to their inherent lack of self-lubrication under dry sliding friction. Herein, the lamellar Ti 3 SiC 2 MAX material is prepared via vacuum sintering of a powder mixture containing Ti, Si, and TiC in the molar ratio of 1:1.1:1.8 at 1500°C under a pressure of 30 MPa for 2 h. Combined with a soft graphite phase (5 wt%), self-lubricating PEEK/Graphite/Ti 3 SiC 2 (PG-T) composites are successfully prepared, dependent on Ti 3 SiC 2 (5 and 15 wt%) as a hard reinforced phase and lubrication additive. PG-T composites are fabricated via a multistep compounding approach using a twin-screw extruder. The incorporation of Ti 3 SiC 2 and graphite within the PEEK matrix manifests a highly pronounced synergistic effect, which not only facilitates effective lubrication but also significantly enhances the load-bearing capability, thereby effectively circumventing direct contact between the counterface and the polymeric matrix. The sliding tests are conducted on the pins (diameter: 6.0 mm, height: 17.0 mm) and friction pair (45#steel, roughness Ra: 148 nm) under dry friction. In terms of PV-condition (up to 6 MPa and 3 m/s) (PV is a parameter that reflects the load-bearing capacity of polymer materials, which is defined by multi-plying the pressure P by the sliding speed V), PG5-T15 exhibits self-lubricating properties, featured by an average coefficient of friction (ACOF) as low as 0.119 for the pin-plate test and a specific wear rate (SWR) of only 0.58 × 10 −6 mm 3 /Nm. Meanwhile, PG-T composites present excellent thermal properties based on the thermal expansion coefficients (CTEs) and storage moduli (G′) during friction and wear. Considering the practical applications of tribo-composites, these findings highlight the potential of PG-T composite as a candidate for demanding tribological applications.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Jiahao Yang,Zhaoping Shi,Yibo Wang,Hongxiang Wu,Jing Ni,Pengbo Wang,Meiling Xiao,Changpeng Liu,Wei Xing
Despite proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) being a commercially viable method for high-purity hydrogen production, the development of active and robust anode electrocatalysts with reduced iridium loading under high current density conditions remains highly challenging. Here, we report a core-shell nanostructured catalyst with a metallic titanium core uniformly covered by Ir nanoparticles (Ti@Ir). The spontaneously formed TiO x layer can effectively disperse Ir nanoparticles via interfacial Ti-O-Ir bonds, which in turn increases the oxidation state of Ir towards activated lattice oxygen reactivity, as confirmed by in-situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS). As a result, the Ti@Ir exhibits an overpotential of only 272 mV to reach 10 mA cm −2 , 17 mV lower than non-supported Ir nanoparticles, and a 3.82-fold higher mass activity at 1.53 V. Moreover, the Ti@Ir catalyst demonstrates strong stability during a 100-hour test at 10 mA cm −2 . Detailed analysis reveals that the oxidation of iridium close to the titanium core is suppressed. The huge potential for practical application is further confirmed in a PEMWE prototype, with a low iridium loading of 0.5 mg Ir cm −2 , significantly lower than the typical 2 ∼ 4 mg Ir cm −2 required for traditional catalysts. This Ti@Ir catalyst achieves a cell voltage of 1.858 V at an industrial-level current density of 2 A cm −2 and maintains stable operation for 1800 h with an exceptionally low voltage degradation rate of only 1.252 μV h −1 .
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MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
·
2025
·
IF 5.5
Yaju Zhou,Jingyi Zhou,Weiwei Zhang,Jianglei Fan,Shen Wu,Xiuqing Li,Shizhong Wei
Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) Cu alloy is a kind of structural material with high thermal conductivity and high stability. It is promising to maintain mechanical integrity under thermal conductivity and high temperature conditions. These excellent properties are directly or indirectly attributed to the ultra-high number density of nano oxide particles, which act as a strong barrier for grain growth, dislocation slip and grain boundaries (GBs) slip. In this study, Cu-Cr-Y-Al-Ti-Si and ODS Cu-Cr-Y-Al-Ti-Si alloys were prepared by combining mechanical alloying with spark plasma sintering (SPS) technology. The influence of Cu 2 O on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of the Cu-Cr-Y-Al-Ti-Si alloy were investigated. Both alloys exhibited a heterogeneous mixture of coarse and fine grain structures. However, the addition of Cu 2 O led to grain refinement and the precipitation of a high density of uniformly distributed, nano-sized oxide particles throughout the copper matrix. Compared to the Cu-Cr-Y-Al-Ti-Si alloy, the ultimate tensile strength of the ODS Cu-Cr-Y-Al-Ti-Si alloy escalated from 409 MPa to 482 MPa, while the elongation slightly decreased from 17.2 % to 15.2 %. The ODS CuCrYAlTiSi alloy also demonstrates a room temperature thermal conductivity equivalent to 62.8 % of pure copper, and exhibits ultra-high microstructural stability after annealing at 600 °C for 100 h. The outstanding strength, ductility and high-temperature stability are primarily owing to the coherent nano-sized Y-X-O (X = Al, Ti, Si) particles dispersed in the ultra-fine grain copper matrix. These findings indicate that by integrating component design and process optimization, it is possible to effectively and efficiently produce ODS CuCrYAlTiSi alloy, which holds promising application prospects in structural materials for nuclear fusion reactors.
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Bioactive Materials
·
2025
·
IF 20.3
Tianliang Ma,Qimeng Liu,Zheyu Zhang,Jiangyu Nan,Guanzhi Liu,Yute Yang,Yihe Hu,Jie Xie
The onset of periprosthetic osteolysis is mediated by wear particles following artificial arthroplasty. This manifests as a disturbed bone metabolism microenvironment, characterized by insufficient osteogenesis and angiogenesis, and enhanced osteoclastic activity. To target and remodel the homeostatic environment of bone metabolism in the sterile region around the prosthesis, we successfully pioneered the proposal and construction of a fused exosome (f-exo) system with M2 macrophage-derived exosomes (M2-exo) and urine-derived stem cell exosomes (USC-exo). The results demonstrate that f-exo effectively combines the osteolysis region-targeting capabilities of M2-exo with the bone metabolic homeostasis modulation effects of two exosomes (M2-exo and USC-exo), thereby achieving a significantly enhanced bone metabolic homeostasis targeting effect in the periprosthetic osteolysis region. The proteomic analysis of M2-exo, USC-exo, and f-exo revealed the potential mechanism of f-exo in targeting-regulation of bone metabolic homeostasis. Our study employs an innovative approach utilizing the fused exosome system for exosome targeted delivery, which offers a novel intervention strategy for the clinical management of periprosthetic osteolysis. Furthermore, it provides a novel conceptual framework for the development of exosome-based drug-targeting delivery systems.
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Energetic Materials Frontiers
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Su-hang Chen,Jie Zhang,Kui Tang,Xi Chen,Jia Zhao,Tuan Zhao,Bin Zhang,Kang-zhen Xu
Microwave ignition (MWI) technology enables synchronized large-area multi-point ignition, multi-pulse operation, higher combustion temperature and efficiency, and dynamic thrust modulation through microwave field adjustments compared to conventional electric ignition methods. However, MWI application is still limited by the absence of a microwave-responsive ignition agent. Herein, A series of nano-titanium/copper ferrite/potassium perchlorate ( n- Ti-CFO/KP (0∼40%)) microwave-sensitive agents were successfully synthesized via electrostatic spraying, where KP enhances combustion, while CFO acts as both catalyst and microwave sensitizer. MWI results demonstrate that n- Ti-CFO/KP (10%) exhibits the shortest ignition delay time (IDT) by 6.34 ms, owing to its high chemical reactivity and the high microwave absorption of Ti, CFO. Combustion analysis suggests that n- Ti-CFO/KP (40%) composite achieves 10-fold combustion enhancement over KP-free ignition agents by a peak pressure of 552.2 kPa and combustion rate of 221.4 m·s -1 , while n- Ti-CFO/KP exhibits the combustion flame temperature of 1250 °C compared to n- Ti-CFO by 700 °C. This remarkable improvement is attributed to the synergistic catalytic activation and combustion - supporting effects of CFO. Furthermore, n- Ti-CFO/KP (10%) exhibits comparable combustion and sensitivity performance to conventional agents ( μ- Ti/KP and B/KNO 3 ). The n- Ti-CFO/KP (10%) shows its main exothermic peak at 310 °C, significantly lower than the 550 °C peak observed for μ- Ti/KP, as well as the excellent catalytic decomposition effect of CFO on KP was further confirmed, where the low reaction temperature can shorten the microwave dielectric heating time. The synergistic effect and combustion intensification result from the coupled interaction between the microwave thermal characteristics of n- Ti-CFO and low-temperature oxygen release kinetics of KP. This coupling achieves significantly reduced MWI delay and enhanced energy release rates, thereby overcoming traditional combustion's reliance on high-temperature conditions. This result provides a new insight into the design of pyrotechnics and propulsion for fast plasma generation and microwave combustion.
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Polymers
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 19
·2597
·
IF 4.9
Shiwanyi Chen,Shufeng Li,Bing Wang,Chen Chen,Liuchun Zheng
In response to the escalating plastic pollution crisis, the development of high-performance biodegradable materials is critical. Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) is an important biodegradable polymer as it possesses excellent biodegradability and processability. But it suffers from limitations such as low mechanical strength, poor thermal stability, and high production costs. In this study, taxus residue (TF), a waste by-product, was utilized as a reinforcing filler to reduce PBS costs while enhancing its overall performance. To address the interfacial incompatibility between TF and PBS, branched PBS (T-PBS) was introduced as a compatibilizer. The TF was surface-modified via alkali treatment and silane coupling (KH550), and a series of PBS/TF/T-PBS composites with varying T-PBS viscosity grades were prepared by melt blending. The compatibilization mechanism of T-PBS and its influence on the composite structure, crystallization behavior, thermal stability, rheological, and mechanical properties were systematically investigated. Results show that the branched structure significantly enhanced T-PBS melt strength and reactivity. The introduction of T-PBS effectively improved interfacial compatibility between TF and PBS matrix, reducing phase separation and interfacial defects. Compared to uncompatibilized PBS/TF composites, those with appropriately viscous T-PBS exhibited improved tensile strength (increased by 19.7%) and elongation at break (increased by 78.8%), while flexural strength was also maintained at an enhanced level. The branched points acted as nucleating agents, increasing the onset temperature and degree of crystallinity. In the high-temperature region, the synergistic barrier effect from TF and char residue improved thermal stability (T85%reached 408.19 °C). Rheological analysis revealed enhanced viscosity and elasticity of the system. This study provides a promising strategy and theoretical foundation for the high-value utilization of taxus waste and the development of high-performance biodegradable PBS-based composites.
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IONICS
·
2025
·
IF 2.6
Wang Zhaomin,Zhao Chaoyue,Niu Xiaodong,Cheng Yong,Wang Limin,Huang Pai
With high theoretical discharge specific capacity, excellent reversibility of electrochemical reaction, and suitable oxygen evolution overpotential, α -Ni(OH) 2 is an auspicious cathode material for alkaline batteries, which supports the development of high-capacity nickel-based batteries. Nevertheless, α -Ni(OH) 2 exhibits substandard structural stability and is susceptible to crystalline transformation, leading to capacity degradation, affecting the battery charge/discharge performance and cycle life. In this study, the TiO 2 -nickel hydroxide (TiO 2 - α -Ni(OH) 2 ) is prepared by high-energy ball milling. Among them, TiO 2 can be uniformly dispersed on the surface of α -Ni(OH) 2 , which can effectively prevent the collapse of the α -phase structure. Benefiting from the unique elemental doping technology, the TiO 2 - α -Ni(OH) 2 composites as a nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) battery cathode can release a reversible specific capacity of 390 mAh g −1 at a 2 C rate for 200 cycles. A reversible specific capacity of 210 mAh g −1 is still released after 200 cycles at a 5 C rate. Consequently, TiO 2 - α -Ni(OH) 2 is a promising candidate for high-power Ni-MH batteries.
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