CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 13.2
Zewei Ye,Haomeng Yu,Wenwen Zhu,Shitao Shi,Jiaqi Liao,Chencong Liu,Qingfeng Sun,Xiaoping Shen
Wood-based structural materials possess inherent deficiencies in flame retardancy and mechanical resilience, which limit their applicability in load-bearing scenarios and environments with elevated fire risk. In this study, we present a high-performance laminated wood composite fabricated by integrating delignified wood veneers with a multifunctional hydrogel interlayer composed of sodium alginate, phthalate-modified kaolinite, and ammonium polyphosphate. The delignified wood scaffold exhibits a porous, cellulose-rich structure that facilitates uniform and deep hydrogel infiltration, while simultaneously promoting strong interfacial adhesion through extensive hydrogen bonding. As a result, the composite achieves a tensile strength of 913 MPa and a specific strength surpassing 2700 MPa·cm 3 ·g −1 . The hydrogel matrix, stabilized through hierarchical ionic coordination, enhances the composite's structural integrity, dimensional stability, and thermal resistance. Under thermal stimulation, the system forms a compact, ceramic-rich char layer and emits non-flammable gases (NH 3 , H 2 O, CO 2 ), establishing a dual-phase flame-retardant mechanism that combines condensed-phase thermal insulation with gas-phase radical suppression. Cone calorimetry measurements reveal a 71.9 % reduction in peak heat release rate and a limiting oxygen index of 42.2 %. The proposed strategy provides a sustainable and scalable pathway for the development of bio-derived structural composites that integrate mechanical robustness with fire safety, thereby advancing their potential for environmentally responsible and high-performance engineering applications.
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POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
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2024
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IF 6.3
Ying-Ming Li,Dan-Ping Zhu,Shuang-Lin Hu,Yun-Hong Jiao,Jian-Zhong Xu,De-Yi Wang
In order to design UPR composites with high mechanical property and improved flame retardancy, an organic-inorganic hybrid flame retardant (DA-Si-HNT) was fabricated by grafting silane coupling agent (KH560) and the phosphorus-nitrogen containing structure (DOPA-A, the production of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide and adenine) on the surface of halloysite nanotube (HNTs). The UPR/DA-Si-HNT 15 composites exhibited significant improvements in tensile strength , tensile modulus , and flexural strength , with respective increases of 65.6 %, 140.6 %, and 80.2 % compared to neat UPR . These enhancements can be attributed to the enhanced compatibility and interfacial force between the flame retardants and the polymer matrix . Meanwhile, it passed the UL-94 V-0 rating at a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 34.5 %. The peak of heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) decreased by 49.5 % and 43.5 % comparing to that of UPR, indicating a sharp decline in the heat hazard. Moreover, an obvious catalytic carbonization effect in the condensed phase accompanied with moderate gas-phase effect jointly improved flame retardancy of the UPR/DA-Si-HNT 15 composites.
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Communications Earth & Environment
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2025
·Vol. 6
·期 1
·1-12
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IF 8.9
Zhang Jianchao,Wang Beibei,Qu Sumin,Zhu Xiangyu,Wang Yuebo,Teng Hui Henry
Minerals are pivotal environmental factors influencing the adaptation and evolution of microbial communities. Conventional wisdom has long regarded the impact of minerals as a byproduct of their role in providing nutrients and energy to organisms, largely overlooking the significance of non-nutritive and energy-neutral mineral species. In this study, we explore the influence of minerals on microbial development in nutrient- and energy-rich media through a serial passage evolution experiment. Our results show both the inert mineral kaolinite and the energy/nutrient-rich olivine exert evident effects on the microorganisms. Both minerals induced substantial shifts in community structure. Notably, kaolinite and olivine selectively enriched specific taxa, including Acinetobacter and Clostridium . Metatranscriptomic analyses revealed substantial changes in gene expression, with both minerals enriching unique metabolic pathways. Interestingly, kaolinite specifically enriched pathways related to streptomycin biosynthesis. Both minerals stimulated the expression of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), particularly those associated with multidrug and macrolide resistance. Furthermore, both minerals induced the upregulation of genes involved in the degradation of complex organic matter, highlighting their potential role in soil carbon cycling. These findings underscore the intricate interplay between minerals and microbes, challenging the conventional notion that minerals function solely as material sources for organism growth.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 13.2
Mingkai Liu,Zihan Wan,Yunlian Liu,Qian Jia,Ruqi Zhang,Yang Li,Ying Pan,Hongguang Jin
Hydrogen production is crucial for supporting the energy transition and achieving carbon neutrality goals. However, conventional natural gas steam reforming suffers from high temperatures, which lead to substantial exergy losses, promote carbon deposition, and compromise operational stability. Here, a mid-temperature (500–600 °C) chemical looping steam reforming (CLSR) process is proposed for efficient natural gas conversion. Fe Ni oxygen carrier particles were developed by varying Fe/Al precursors, calcination temperatures, and powder sizes to achieve modulated physico-chemical properties. Systematic evaluation of chemical reactivity and physical indicators identified nm-Fe 2 O 3 -γ-Al 2 O 3 calcined at 1200 °C as the optimal formulation, combining high reactivity with a mechanical strength of 55.3 N. Reaction behavior was further investigated in a bench-scale packed-bed reactor with 100 g oxygen carrier loading. At 600 °C and a steam-to‑carbon ratio of 1.5, the optimized process achieved over 85 % natural gas conversion and nearly 100 % ethane conversion, yielding a hydrogen production of 25 mL g OC −1 and an H 2 /CO ratio of 1.8. In addition, long-term stability tests confirmed that the oxygen carriers retained their oxygen transfer capacity and microstructure after 1000 isothermal redox cycles, while cold attrition tests showed a mass loss of only 0.73 % over 2 h. Furthermore, in-situ DRIFTs and XRD provided clear mechanistic insights into the CLSR process over Fe Ni oxygen carriers, confirming the reaction pathway of natural gas activation and hydrogen production. Collectively, these findings highlight the promising performance of CLSR as an efficient route for low-carbon hydrogen production from natural gas.`.
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CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
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2025
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IF 3.4
Zheng-Hao Li,Zheng Cheng,Jianglei Zhang,Xue-Yuan Guo,Yang Li,Shu-Chao Gong,Guangdong Chen,Ning-Ning Zhang,Junhu Zhang,Chuipeng Kong,Irshad Hussain,Kun Liu,Yang Yang
The crystallization behavior of the organic molecule 5-methyl-2-[(2-nitrophenyl) amino]-3-thiophenecarbonitrile (known as ROY for its red, orange, and yellow crystals) was systematically regulated by using various natural mineral particles as heterogeneous nucleating agents. Polarized light microscopy and X-ray diffraction demonstrated that different types of mineral nucleating agents significantly influenced the resulting polymorphic forms of ROY, establishing a clear correlation between the nucleating agent type and the crystal form. Scanning electron microscopy and in situ video microscopy provided detailed insights into the nucleation sites and crystal growth dynamics. Remarkably, these nucleating agents consistently induced specific polymorphs under different crystallization methods and conditions while also modulating the dominant crystal facets. This study highlights the critical role of mineral nucleating agents in manipulating the crystallization process and tailoring the resulting crystal products.
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JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES
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2025
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IF 4.2
Shanshan Liu,Dongxu Huang,Yong Pan,Zhenhua Wang,Juncheng Jiang
This study employs laser schlieren imaging and pressure measurement techniques to investigate the impact of kaoline (Ko) on the explosion behavior of CH 4 /H 2 mixtures at various equivalence ratios (0.8, 1.0 and 1.2) and H 2 contents (0, 0.3 and 0.9). Results indicate that the inhibitory effect of Ko first increases and then decreases with increasing concentration, achieving optimal suppression at 175 g/m 3 . Under the same equivalent ratios ( φ ), the reduction in maximum explosion pressure ( P max ) becomes more pronounced with higher H 2 addition ( R ). At constant R but varying φ , the suppression effect exhibits a different trend: when R =0 and 0.3, optimal suppression occurs at φ =0.8. Whereas at R =0.9, the optimal suppression effect is observed at φ =1.0, corresponding to a 30.27% reduction in P max . As the Ko concentration increases, dust enhances flow field instability, thereby accelerating the transformation of the flame structure. Meanwhile, higher hydrogen addition ( R ) intensifies chemiluminescence, and heated Ko particles to emit strong intense thermal radiation. The combined effect of these two factors causes the flame to appear bright white-yellow. A coupled analysis of flame propagation and pressure evolution reveals that, despite differences in φ , the coupled evolution of flame and pressure remains highly similar under the same R . The main distinctions arise in the timing of critical flame development stage and flame brightness. Overall, Ko suppresses explosions primarily through physical mechanisms such as endothermic cooling, dilution and isolation effects, and thermal radiation shielding, and it exhibits particularly strong suppression at high H 2 additions.
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WATER RESEARCH
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2025
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IF 12.4
Manli Sun,Hong Li,Kexin Wang,Chao Hu,Xincheng Jiang,Wei Ding,Yuxin Zhang,Huaili Zheng
The regrowth of pathogenic bacteria in municipal sludge poses a significant environmental and health risk. Starch-derived polymers (St-g-PDMC) grafted with quaternary ammonium monomers have demonstrated dual functions of flocculation and bacterial inactivation. However, the mechanisms remain unclear, particularly the interplay between flocculation and bactericidal processes, hindering the optimization and application of such bactericidal flocculants. To directionally modulate the synergy between two functions, this study explored the structure-property relationship of St-g-PDMC with varying charge density (CD), chain length (CL), and chain density (CN) by adjusting the grafting ratio of monomers. The results revealed that polymers with high CD and CL effectively enhanced the efficiency, achieving an E. coli removal of 96.11% and bactericidal efficiency of 99.56%. Mechanism analysis revealed that the bactericidal process competed for active sites, weakening the flocculation dominated by charge neutralization, while high-molecular-weight intracellular substances synergistically enhanced adsorption bridging. The optimized polymer mitigated competition and promoted synergy, exhibiting enhanced diffusion, adsorption, and the ability to alter membrane permeability, as confirmed by molecular dynamics simulations. Finally, a polynomial model was developed to accurately predict the flocculation efficiency and optimal dosage, facilitating the application of quaternized bactericidal flocculants in complex aquatic environments by testing in real water.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 13.2
Jingxin Li,Jing Huang,Xiaomin Tang,Shixin Zhang,Hailin Yang,Xiaoxia Bai,Huaili Zheng
Organic polymer flocculants as the typical chemicals are widely applied in wastewater treatment. The efficient initiation method will increase the synthesis efficiency of organic polymer flocculants and reduce their synthesis cost. Herein, a novel synergistic initiation system of modified-titanium dioxide (modified-TiO 2 ) and potassium persulfate (K 2 S 2 O 8 ) was applied to prepare a cationic organic polymer flocculants, VLIF, under visible light. The initiation mechanisms of VLIF were investigated via molecular dynamics simulation, experiments and characterization. The results indicated that there were synergies of modified-TiO 2 and K 2 S 2 O 8 during the initiation. Modified-TiO 2 was firstly excited and generated active radicals and electron-hole pairs. Photogenerated electrons reduced K 2 S 2 O 8 . K 2 S 2 O 8 was subsequently excited and simultaneously facilitated the generation of free radicals of modified-TiO 2 . The prepared VLIF possessed the excellent physical and chemical properties. It performed well in the treatment of wastewater containing tetracycline, colloidal particles and natural organic matters. The highest removal rate of tetracycline was 76.85% achieved by VLIF. The strong interaction between VLIF and tetracycline, micelles formed by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and tetracycline, bridging and adsorption all contributed to tetracycline removal from wastewater.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2025
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IF 5.4
Hairong Wu,Tianfang Luan,Jinlong Li,Kunpeng Hou,Jiachang Zhu,Wenhao Shao,Zhaojie Song,Jirui Hou
Zwitterionic/anionic surfactant system is usually employed in the field of enhancing oil recovery attributing to its high interfacial properties and low adsorption capacity. In this work, an amino acid surfactant triethyltetramine sodium lauryl glutamate (TFDA) with the isoelectric point around 5 was synthesized. The synergistic interfacial adsorption behaviour between TFDA and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) was investigated. The TFDA/SDBS binary system displayed ultra-low interfacial tension (IFT), high emulsification capability, emulsion pH-response behaviour, high stability in rock wettability alternation and low adsorption capacity on solid. By calculating interaction parameters, analysing work of adhesion and fitting with Langmuir adsorption model, the synergistic interfacial adsorption behaviour of binary system at oil-water, oil-hosting solid and water-solid interfaces were deeply discussed. The results indicated that TFDA and SDBS molecules formed tightly adsorption layer on oil-water interface, which lead to the rapid decrease in IFT. Meanwhile, the ultra-low IFT and strong interaction of TFDA/SDBS binary system reduced the work of adhesion for oil- solid interface, thus the binary system can easily mobilize the oil film from the solid surface. When the solid surface is exposed in the TFDA/SDBS solution, TFDA and SDBS molecules can remain the molar ratio around 1:1 and maintain better interfacial interaction in oil-water interface during the surfactants adsorbing in the solid due to the lower adsorption capacity of TFDA and SDBS. Furthermore, stability of the emulsion stabilized by binary system could be adjusted by varying the pH values. These findings would provide a potential strategy for designing amino acid/anionic surfactant binary systems.
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-11
·
IF 15.7
Li Jinjian,Chen Yuting,Ke Tian,Jin Yuanyuan,Fan Rongrong,Xu Guihong,Yang Liu,Zhang Zhiguo,Bao Zongbi,Ren Qilong,Yang Qiwei
Physisorption presents a promising alternative to cryogenic distillation for capturing the most potent greenhouse gas, SF 6 , but existing adsorbents face challenges in meeting diverse chemical and engineering concerns. Herein, with insights into in-pore chemistry and industrial process design, we report a systematic investigation that constructed two low-cost composites pellets (Al(fum)@2%HPC and Al(fum)@5%Kaolin) coupled with an innovative two-stage Vacuum Temperature Swing Adsorption (VTSA) process for the ultra-efficient recovery of low-concentration SF 6 from N 2 . Record-high selectivities (> 2×10 4 ) and SF 6 dynamic capacities (~ 2.7 mmol/g) were achieved, while exceptional SF 6 productivities (~ 58.7 L/kg), yields (~ 96.8%), and recyclability (~ 1000 cycles) were demonstrated in fixed-bed adsorption-desorption experiments under mild regeneration conditions. 2D solid-state NMR/in-situ FTIR, DFT-D binding/diffusion simulation analyses revealed the multi-site binding mode and the ultra-fast diffusion of SF 6 within the channels. The proposed VTSA processes successfully met the dual stringent requirements of both environmental protection and electricity equipment operation: the SF 6 recovery of 99.91% accompanied with a SF 6 purity/working capacity of 99.91%/2.1 mmol/g, which significantly outperformed the industrial employed adsorbent zeolite 13X and showed only 18.7% the energy consumption of the cryogenic distillation.
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Water
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 10
·1480
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IF 3
Huan Wang,Junjie Wu,Dengbo Yang,Yudao Chen,Yuan Xia
Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is widely used globally. However, clogging events remain a major obstacle to long-term operations. This study investigated the effects of natural biofilms on the migration and deposition of suspended particles (SPs) at varying concentrations using column experiments and multiple analytical methods. At 74 h, theK′ in the high-concentration group (HT) with biofilm coating decreased by 77.3%, while, in the high-concentration group (HTCK) without biofilm coating, theK′ decreased by 68.5%. Within the same recharge time, theK′ in the medium-concentration group without biofilm coating decreased by 59.9%. The results show that the biofilm covering the porous medium promotes the clogging of suspended particles. Compared with the high-concentration group, the development of porous medium blockage was slower in the low-concentration suspended particle group. SEM and CT analyses revealed that the biofilms altered the surface roughness of the porous media, thereby promoting SP deposition. The study also confirmed that the interactions between SPs and biofilms in recharge water, including electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic interactions, and extracellular polymer flocculation, collectively exacerbated the clogging process in MAR. XDLVO analysis indicated that the biofilm-coated porous media reduced the electrostatic interaction potential energy and energy barrier between SPs and quartz sand, thereby facilitating kaolin deposition in saturated porous media. Correlation and significance analyses identified hydrophobic interactions as the primary mechanism driving SP–biofilm combined with clogging. Moreover, the reduced SP concentrations in the recharge water increased the SP migration distance in porous media, slowing the clogging progression in low-SP groups. These findings offer valuable insights into the prevention and management of MAR clogging caused by the coexistence of biofilms and SPs.
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JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
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2025
·
IF 3.5
Hongling Lu,Suxia Guo,Qiannan Wang,Bang An
BACKGROUND Biological control agents are promising alternatives to conventional fungicides for managing postharvest diseases but their practical use is hindered by variable effectiveness and by application challenges. One promising yet underexplored approach involves utilizing bacteria that produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with antifungal properties. RESULTS In this study, Bacillus velezensis BF01, a strain with significant antifungal activity, was identified and isolated. Volatile organic compounds produced by this strain inhibited the growth and conidial germination of Botrytis cinerea , Fusarium oxysporum , and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides . Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry identified 90 VOCs, with ketones, esters, nitrogen compounds, aldehydes, and alcohols as the dominant components, many of which exhibited antifungal or plant resistance-inducing properties. To enhance practical application, B. velezensis BF01 was incorporated into a kaolin-based composite, which maintained long-term viability under refrigerated conditions and inhibited fungal growth through the controlled release of volatile organic compounds. This composite significantly extended the shelf life of strawberries by reducing postharvest decay. CONCLUSION The development of a kaolin-based B. velezensis BF01 composite provides an effective and sustainable biocontrol strategy for postharvest disease management. By improving bacterial stability and facilitating the controlled release of antifungal volatile organic compounds, this approach offers a practical alternative to chemical fungicides, highlighting its potential in extending fruit shelf life and improving food safety. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
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