查找使用阿拉丁产品的科研文献

Evolutionary pattern of liquid-liquid phase separation in amphiphilic molecular self-assembly during the natural aging process of strong-aroma Baijiu

Xinyue Jiang,Yating Shang,Rahimi Hajar,Heng Yang,Jiaxin Peng,Jianhui Li,Weimin Wang,Zhaoyong Zou,Yuqun Xie

This study reveals liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) as the evolutionary driver in amphiphilic self-assembly during strong-aroma Baijiu aging. Fresh Baijiu is a heterogeneous colloidal system dominated by supersaturated ethyl hexanoate/hexanoic acid, forming ∼38 μm LLPS droplets. Over 10 years, droplet size decreases by 73.68 %, evolving into hydrophobic-core/hydrophilic-shell structures. Raman mapping shows ethanol densification within droplets via hydrophobic interactions and H-bond reorganization, correlating with a 13.3 % free ethanol reduction and sensory mellowing. Crucially, electric field-assisted aging achieves structural/flavor equivalence to 5–6 years of natural aging in 40 days. This establishes LLPS as fundamental to Baijiu maturation, providing a physicochemical framework to optimize colloidal stability, sensory quality, and sustainable production in distilled spirits.

Research on High-Efficiency and No-Additive Physical Aging Equipment and Process of Baijiu Production Based on High-Speed Jet Catalysis

Zhongbin Liu,Fengkui Xiong,Guangzhong Hu,Hongwei Xiao,Jia Zheng

Newly brewed Baijiu often contains harmful substances such as mercaptan and methanol, which are spicy and harmful to health. At present, this is mainly solved by long-term cellaring, but this is faced with some problems such as a long cycle, high cost, high fire hazards and so on. Therefore, based on the principle of liquid jet cavitation explosion catalyzing the heterogeneous association of Baijiu molecules, this paper first developed the physical aging process and equipment without radiation and additives. Then, based on the traditional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of high-speed jet simulation, an N-CFD model which can accurately simulate the cavitation explosion catalytic process of high-speed jet of Baijiu was established by optimizing the three sub models of conservation, turbulence and VOF. Finally, the N-CFD model was used to optimize the distance between the nozzle and the reaction chamber wall of the new aging equipment. Through the 15 min aging experiment on 100 L Baijiu, the methanol concentration of Baijiu decreased by 68.14 ± 2.25%, and the concentration of ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate and ethyl palmitate increased from 6.105 ± 0.014, 3.498 ± 0.015 mg/L and 0.621 ± 0.010 mg/L to 6.332 ± 0.016, 4.868 ± 0.012 mg/L and 0.681 ± 0.008 mg/L. The results show that the aging technology equipment can adjust the self-coupling characteristics and dynamic characteristics of various molecules in Baijiu through high-speed jet, and catalyze the alternating phase transition and association of various molecules. Finally, the goal of high-efficiency and healthy aging Baijiu without additives was achieved, which helps the rapid and healthy development of the Baijiu brewing industry.

Correlation between the redox activity of Polygonum multiflorum extract and its extraction technology with Chinese liquor (Baijiu): An electrochemistry-based study

Ying Su,Zihao Wang,Yougui Yu,Qing Zheng

Ratiometric fluorescence determination of furfural in Chinese baijiu via schiff base formation and glutathione-triggered nucleophilic addition on N-CDs surface

Cheng-Feng Zhang,Hong-Wei Li,Yuqing Wu

A ratiometric fluorescence sensor was established for furfural detection. • The ratiometric sensor showed high selectivity and anti-interference. • The unique response is attributed to GSH-triggered addition to Schiff base on N -CDs. • The method was successfully applied to detect furfural in Chinese baijiu . Reliable methods for furfural (FUR) determination are significance for ensuring the food safety and quality control of Chinese baijiu . In this work, nitrogen-doped carbon dots ( N -CDs) were synthesized via a hydrothermal method using p -phenylenediamine ( p -PD) as the precursor. Taking advantage of the sequential reaction between the surface amino groups of N -CDs, FUR, and glutathione (GSH), a novel ratiometric fluorescence sensor was constructed. In the presence of FUR and GSH, the sensor exhibits a new blue emission peak at 433 nm, while the intrinsic red emission of N -CDs at 605 nm remains essentially unchanged, thereby generating a self-calibrated ratiometric signal ( I 433 /I 605 ). In particularly, this ratio increases linearly with FUR concentration increase, showing good linearity over two ranges (1.0−10 μmol/L and 10−140 μmol/L), with a detection limit as low as 80.75 nmol/L. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the sensing process involves Schiff base formation between FUR and the amino groups on N -CDs, followed by thiol nucleophilic addition of GSH to the C=N bond, these two steps together account for the emergence of the blue fluorescence. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of real baijiu samples, with spike recoveries ranging from 96.6% to 109.9%, and showing good prospects for practical application in alcoholic beverage analysis.

Study on the identification of strong-aroma baijiu series using a colorimetric-fluorescence dual-mode sensing array based on CuMn-His@NCDs

Huizhen Fu,Zirui Yuan,Yinjiang Leng,Yiyao Luo,Xuhui Xia,Danqun Huo,Xiaogang Luo,Mingyi Guo,Changjun Hou

Accurate identification of strong-aroma baijiu is crucial for market regulation. This study constructed a dual-mode colorimetric-fluorescence sensor array based on CuMn-His@NCDs nanocomposites. Under neutral conditions, the composite exhibits laccase-like activity, while under acidic conditions it demonstrates oxidase-like activity, catalyzing 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), o -phenylenediamine (OPD), and 4-aminoantipyrine (4-AP) to produce distinct signals. A six-channel array enabled multidimensional output. For the training set, the array achieved 100% classification accuracy in identifying 13 phenolic and 8 non-phenolic compounds using principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The array successfully distinguished 18 similar strong-aroma baijiu varieties, achieving 100% training accuracy, while blind prediction tests on unknown samples yielded 88.8% accuracy. The sensor array exhibits excellent repeatability (relative standard deviation (RSD) < 5%) and stability (response retention >81.58% after 15 days). This sensor holds significant potential for baijiu authentication.

The microsphere of sodium alginate-chitosan-Pichia kudriavzevii enhanced esterase activity to increase the content of esters in Baijiu solid-state fermentation

Jiaqing Huang,Cailin Qiao,Xinrou Wang,Yuwei Gao,Jinsong Zhao,Huibo Luo,Yongzhong Wang,Changjun Hou,Danqun Huo

Pichia kudriavzevii was one of the important aroma-producing fungi in the solid-state fermentation of Baijiu, and immobilization was an effective strategy for improving microbial performance. Herein, P. kudriavzevii cells were immobilized in a gel network that crosslinked by chitosan and sodium alginate to form sodium alginate/chitosan- P. kudriavzevii microspheres (SA/CS-PMs). Their structural characteristics and formation processes were characterized by SEM and FT-IR. The effect of synthesis conditions on the performance of microspheres were determined by single-factor experiments. Under the optimal conditions, the SA/CS-PMs could increase the amylase activity of the fermentation broth by 57.18%, the esterase activity by 66.13%, the content of ester by 67.04%, and could be reused at least three times. Further research results indicated that the content of ester could be increased significantly in Baijiu solid-state fermentation with the SA/CS-PMs. In conclusion, the SA/CS-PMs could improve the ester production ability of P. kudriavzevii by increasing the esterase activity, which was a valuable exploration of directional biosynthesis and a feasible strategy to improve solid-state fermentation quality.

Molecular mechanism of Mare Nectaris and magnetic field on the formation of ethyl carbamate during 19 years aging of Feng-flavor Baijiu

Wei Jia,Zibian Fan,An Du,Lin Shi

Ethyl carbamate (EC) is carcinogen occurring naturally in fermented foods, while the EC formation pattern in Feng-flavor Baijiu during Mare Nectaris storage and magnetic field treatment remains controversial. In this work, variation of EC in Mare Nectaris and magnetic field were investigated for the first time through ultra high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap). Quantification results revealed that EC decreased significantly in the stage of 3–9 years and kept at 12.4 μg L −1 after 10 years of aging. Arginine succinate synthase (ASS) and urease were deemed as vital factors for EC decomposition. Degradation effetc of EC in 250 mT is simillar to that of EC in Baijiu stored in Mare Nectaris for 8 years. This is due to that aging process was accelerated by magnetic field and the content of total acid in Baijiu was increased, creating a favorable environment for decomposition of EC and urea.

Investigating the impact of various sorghum types on the key aroma compounds of Sichuan Xiaoqu Baijiu through application of the sensomics approach

Yi Ma,Ziyun Wei,Xiongjun Xiao,Kangjie Yu,Huilin Huang,Jianxia Tan,Yue Wang,Yong Du,Li Yajun

The aroma of Sichuan Xiaoqu Baijiu (SXB) greatly benefits from the use of sorghum as its primary brewing ingredient. Nevertheless, the impact of different sorghum variety on the primary aroma compounds of SXB has not been thoroughly investigated. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) in conjunction with headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) were employed in this investigation. Using 5 sorghum varieties as raw materials, five different types of SXB were analyzed for their aroma compounds using GC–MS, GC-O, AEDA, aroma recombination, and aroma omission. Key aroma compounds of SXB were successfully identified as ethyl acetate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, isoamyl acetate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl lactate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl decanoate, phenylethyl acetate, ethyl laurate, ethyl palmitate, isoamyl alcohol, phenylethanol, 1,1-diethoxyethane, 3-hydroxy-2- butanone, furfural, and glacial acetic acid. Glacial acetic acid, ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, phenylethyl acetate, acetoin, phenylethanol, and ethyl caproate were found to be the seven major aroma compounds that had the biggest impact on the variations of the five SXB aroma properties, according to partial least squares regression (PLS-R) analysis. The collinear network analysis also revealed that the largest positive correlation weight was discovered between the protein and furfural content, tannin content and cereal-like aroma profile while the highest negative correlation weight was found between the moisture and acetoin content. This study is a valuable resource for understanding how raw materials control the directional regulation of the sensory quality of the SXB liquor body.

Analysis of volatile compounds in Xiangjiao baijiu from different storage containers and years based on HS-GC-IMS and DI-GC–MS

Bing Zhang,Siman Zheng,Mingquan Huang,Qiang Wu,Wei Dong,Jihong Wu,Hongqin Liu,Dongrui Zhao,Yougui Yu,Jinchen Li

The volatile compounds in 16 different storage containers and years of Xiangjiao Baijiu (XJBJ) were compared and analyzed via direct injection (DI) combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and headspace extraction (HS) coupled with gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) for the first time. Through HS-GC-IMS analysis, it was found that the succession rules of 14 compounds such as furfural during aging process. A total of 60 compounds were identified using DI-GC–MS. Twenty-five of these compounds were further quantified, and 19 compounds had odor activity values (OAVs) > 1, which were important contributor to aroma of XJBJ. Among them, those with OAVs >1000 included ethyl hexanoate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl butanoate, and ethyl pentanoate. Combining the results of quantitative, OAVs and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) revealed that 10 compounds such as ethyl octanoate were the important compounds that lead to the differences between different storage types of XJBJ.

Multi-platform Chemometric Analysis of Volatile and Non-volatile Components for Quality Evaluation of Base Liquor: A Case Study on Qingxiangxing Baijiu

Haiguang Tan,Xin Zhang,Kaixuan Zhu,Shengfan Chen,Yangyang Sun,Meng Bian,Huan Zhang,Lijuan Ma,Qianqian Li,Lin Yuan,Liping Du

Rapid and accurate evaluation of newly distilled base liquor is essential for ensuring product consistency and quality. To address this challenge, a multi-platform analytical and chemometric approach to assess the quality of different grades Qingxiangxing crude Baijiu (QXCBJ) produced continuously was employing. Volatile organic components of QXCBJ were profiled using gas chromatography-flame ionization detector/mass spectrometry (GC-FID/GC-MS), and non-volatile organic components (NVOCs) were characterized using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). In total, 136 VOCs and 270 NVOCs were identified, and 36 of them were screened as potential quality markers. In the GC-MS analysis, isoamyl lactate, ethyl phenylacetate, 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol, ethyl cinnamate, and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol showed significant differences among different QXCBJ samples, contributing to sample differentiation. Metabolomic profiling via LC-HRMS revealed differential accumulation of gustatory components (malic acid, vanillin acid, mannitol, betaine, azelaic acid, and lysine) across QXCBJ samples. Multifactor analysis (MFA) demonstrated that the integrated multi-platform strategy significantly improved sample discrimination compared to single-method approaches. This comprehensive methodology not only establishes a scientific basis for the quality control of Qingxiangxing Baijiu (QXBJ) but also demonstrates the potential of this multi-platform chemometric strategy for evaluating other Chinese spirits with similar complexity.

Isolation and characterization of a high ethyl acetate-producing yeast from Laobaigan Daqu and its fermentation conditions for producing high-quality Baijiu

Zhilei Fu,Baoguo Sun,Xiuting Li,Guangsen Fan,Chao Teng,Ahmad Alaa,Yingmin Jia

A yeast that produces high levels of ethyl acetate was isolated and purified from Laobaigan Daqu by traditional microbial methods and was identified as Wickerhamomyces anomalus by its morphology and 26S rDNA D1/D2 sequence. This strain, YF1503, greatly tolerated ethanol and ethyl acetate. The optimal conditions for producing high levels of ethyl acetate were identified using single factor experiments and response surface methodology. Under these fermentation conditions, strain YF1503 produced 17.35 g/L ethyl acetate, the highest level that has been reported. The presence of alcohol acyltransferase (AAT) activity (8.63 U/L) and changes in the concentrations of ethanol and ethyl acetate in the fermentation broth indicate that strain YF1503 synthesises ethyl acetate using the acyltransferase pathway.

Facile Synthesis of Metal–Organic Framework ZIF-67 via a Multi-Inlet Vortex Mixer Using Various Solvents: MeOH, EtOH, H2O, and Baijiu

Chenxu Wang,Feng Yu,Ke Lu,Zhimou Wang,Jie Yu,Wentao Bao,Gang Wang,Banghua Peng,Xuhong Guo

The traditional preparation methods for metal–organic framework (MOF) materials include direct mixing, solvothermal, and mechanical methods. These methods are conducted through several days of slow coordination reactions and discontinuities. Presently, pure organic solvents are used to synthesize MOFs, leading to harsh conditions for MOF synthesis. Therefore, this study used the multi-inlet vortex mixer and MeOH, EtOH, H2O, and Baijiu to synthesize the Co-MOF. They can solve the problem of the uneven macromixing and slow penetration of materials into the microchannel compared to the traditional synthetic intermittent method, while providing continuous rapid industrial magnification and other characteristics. MOF materials were synthesized using Baijiu as a solvent for the first time. Baijiu as the solvent reduced the synthetic conditions of MOF materials and allowed for the reuse of industrial ethanol wastewater, making the synthesis of MOF materials convenient. The catalyst, Co@N-C-FNP-Baijiu, prepared by carbonizing ZIF-67-FNP-Baijiu using Baijiu as the solvent has Eonset = 0.93 VRHE and E1/2 = 0.82 VRHE, which is second to the oxygen reduction reaction performance of the catalyst prepared using MeOH as the solvent. The open-circuit voltage, peak power density, and specific capacity of Zn-air batteries assembled with Co@N-C-FNP-Baijiu as cathode catalysts are similar to those of Pt/C batteries.