Analytical Methods
·
2016
·Vol. 8
·期 34
·6382-6387
·
IF 1.915
Q. Chen,M. Li,F. Zhang,R. Li,G. Chen,S. H. Zhu,H. Wang
In this work, we describe a method for the fluorometric determination of phytic acid (PA) by using glutathione-capped silver nanoclusters (GSH@AgNCs). This method is based on the finding that ferric ions (Fe3+) can quench the fluorescence of GSH@AgNCs. PA, a kind of multiphosphate with a high density of negatively charged phosphate groups, shows a strong affinity for Fe3+ ions due to the multiple ligands. As a result, the presence of PA can prevent the quenching of the fluorescence of GSH@AgNCs by Fe3+ ions thus resulting in the turn-on fluorescence of GSH@AgNCs. The developed fluorimetric analysis method can allow the detection of PA with a detection limit of about 1.0 μM. Furthermore, this method was also successfully applied to the determination of PA in spiked corn grain samples with satisfactory recoveries in the range of 91.4–107%.
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Nanoscale
·
2015
·Vol. 8
·期 3
·1555-1564
·
IF 7.394
Xiang Gao,Ke Lu,Lei Xu,Hua Xu,Haifeng Lu,Feng Gao,Shifeng Hou,Houyi Ma
A novel, highly effective and environmentally friendly film-forming material, phytic acid (PA)/silane (denoted as PAS) hybrid with a three-dimensional (3D) network structure, was prepared through a condensation reaction of PA with methyltrihydroxysilane generated from the hydrolysis of methyltriethoxysilane (MTES). Two kinds of PAS-based pretreatment layers, namely NaBrO3-free and NaBrO3-doped PAS layers, were fabricated on iron substrates using the dip-coating method. SEM and AFM observations showed that the as-fabricated PAS-based layers possessed a 3D porous microstructure at the nanoscale and a rough surface morphology. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) and attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopic characterization demonstrated that the above PAS layers bound to the iron surface via the –P–O– bond. Moreover, analyses of steady-state polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) data indicated that the corrosion rates of the iron substrates decreased considerably in the presence of the two PAS-based pretreatment layers. In particular, the NaBrO3-dosed PAS layer displayed the better corrosion resistance ability as well as maintaining the original microstructure and surface morphology. The PAS-based pretreatment layers are expected to act as substitutes for chromate and phosphate conversion layers and will find widespread application in the surface pretreatment of iron and steel materials due to the advantages of being environmentally friendly, the rapid film-forming process, and, especially, the nanoporous microstructure and rough surface morphology.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Xinde Bao,Xiaofan Li,Yepan Zhong,Sifan Fan,Zurong Huang,Xin Guan,Xiaoyun Chen,Jinguo Lin
To enhance the flame-retardant and smoke-suppression of fast-growing wood, Chinese fir ( Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook .) was impregnated with environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and green flame retardants and subsequently characterized. The results indicated that compared with unmodified wood, the thermal stability and fire resistance of modified wood were improved, the total heat release of delignification (DWM) and non-delignification (NWM) modified decreased by 47.08 % and 27.87 %, respectively, the total smoke production decreased by 18.24 % and 98.14 %, respectively, and the weight gains of modified wood was significantly increased by 67.12 % and 24.26 %, respectively. The impregnation and filling of composite flame retardants interfered with the crystalline regions of wood and reducing then by 26.86 % and 27.22 %, respectively, but did not change the crystal structure of wood. The appearance of Si-O-C, Si-O-Si, Si-O, Al-O, and P-O characteristic peaks confirmed that the composite flame retardants were not only physically filled but also chemically bound in the wood and formed a gel cross-linked network structure. According to the microscopic morphology observations, the composite flame retardants were uniformly distributed in the wood, and delignification reduced the color difference on the wood surface. Therefore, the composite flame retardant modified wood can be widely used as a decorative material. Simultaneously, this material reduces the possibility of fire, reduces the emission of harmful gases, and enhances environmental protection and human safety.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2024
·
IF 20.2
Yingqiao Zhou,Richard L. Smith,Xinhua Qi
Bifunctional catalysts synthesized from renewable materials for conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals are needed in biorefinery development. Herein, supramolecular assembly and crosslinking of chitosan by phytic acid was used to synthesize Ru-doped phosphorus- and nitrogen- carbon catalysts (Ru/PNC) for one-pot conversion of cellulose to sorbitol. Sorbitol yields as high as 78% were obtained from cellulose with the Ru/PNC catalyst in water at 200 °C and 4 MPa H 2 for 3 h. P content was found to have a linear relationship with the cellulose conversion and sorbitol yield within a certain range. The prepared catalyst exhibited good stability, and could be recycled for at least 5 times. Other cellulosic sources (cotton wool, filter paper) afforded sorbitol yields >60%, showing the potential of the catalyst for industrial production. This work demonstrates that supramolecular assembly and cross-linking can be used to design efficient, durable, and renewable bifunctional catalysts for biomass upgrading.
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CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 7.2
Bo Hu,Qing Fang,Bailing Liu,Jianxin Ma,Qingbo An,Hong-Ying Zang,Yang-Guang Li,Haiming Xie,Zhong-Min Su
Proton-conducting materials serving as key components in various electrochemical and energy conversion devices have attracted a great deal of attention. The creation of superior proton-conducting materials in a wide temperature range under both humidified and anhydrous conditions is of great significance for practical applications. In this paper, we develop a coprecipitation synthesis approach for a new proton-conducting nanocomposite, [Bi2O2]Hx-PA0.28, which consists of a layered framework with [Bi2O2]2+ and phytic acid (C6H18O24P6, abbreviated as PA) existing as interlayer-embedded charge-balancing anions. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), solid-state NMR, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggest that oxygen atoms on the surface of the [Bi2O2]2+ layer bridge the uncoordinated oxygen atoms on the phosphate group to form a strong hydrogen bonding network. This leads to a water-assisted proton conductivity of 1.76 × 10–2 S cm–1 at 90 °C under 98% RH and even a stable anhydrous proton conductivity of 5.24 × 10–3 S cm–1 at 150 °C. Isotope effect tests have verified the selective transmission of hydrogen ions by the composite electrolyte materials. [Bi2O2]Hx-PA0.28 as electrolyte was further assembled into an ion-selective electrode for the recognition of hydrogen ions. Furthermore, open circuit potential time (OCPT) testing further confirms that solid-state electrolytes composed of [Bi2O2]Hx-PA0.28 exhibit a good electrochemical stability. This work broadens the possibilities for the development of solid-state proton conductors in a wide temperature range, even under anhydrous conditions.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 2.7
Hao Wu,Dengwang Lai,Mengyao Nan,Wuyan Cao,Li Liu,Yuejun Liu,Jun Yang
This paper utilizes the reaction of phytic acid (PA) and urea (UM) in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution to synthesize flame retardant gasses (CO 2 , NH 3 ) for the preparation of PVA composite films containing flame retardant microbubbles. The flame retardancy of PVA composite films was assessed using methods including limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning (UL 94), and cone calorimetry. The results indicated an increase in the LOI of the PVA composite film containing flame retardant microfoam from 20% to 30% compared with the pure PVA film, and that UL 94 reached VTM-0. Furthermore, its peak exothermic rate and total exothermic amount were reduced by 36.25% and 38.92%, respectively, compared with the pure PVA film. The investigation of the flame-retardant mechanism employed thermogravimetric-infrared (TG-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that the CO 2 and NH 3 flame retardant microbubbles within the composite film render it less ignitable at the initial stage, and that the internal UM of the composite film continues to decompose, releasing CO 2 and NH 3 upon heating. In addition, the acidic substances decomposed by PA during combustion promote the dehydration, cross-linking, and cyclization of PVA, generating chemical structures such as P O C, P O P, and PO 4 with enhanced thermal stability. This encourages the formation of a continuous, dense charcoal layer and impedes the transfer of oxygen and heat into the interior.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2017
·
IF 4.529
Wenhua Ji,Mingming Zhang,Wenjuan Duan,Xiao Wang,Hengqiang Zhao,Lanping Guo
Phytic acid-stabilized Fe 3 O 4 -graphene oxide (GOPA@Fe 3 O 4 ) was assembled by microwave-enhanced hydrothermal synthesis and super-amphipathicity was demonstrated by measurement of dynamic oil and water contact angles. GOPA@Fe 3 O 4 was used as a sorbent for enrichment of eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from vegetable oils by magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE). The extraction-desorption factors were systematically investigated and, under optimum conditions, the super-amphiphilic sorbent achieved wide linear ranges (0.2–200 ng g −1 ), satisfactory precision (3.44–6.64% for intra-day and 5.39–8.41% for inter-day) and low limits of detection (LODs, 0.06–0.15 ng g −1 ) for PAHs. Excellent recoveries (85.6–102.3%) for spiked PAHs were obtained with genuine vegetable oil samples. These results indicate that MSPE using GOPA@Fe 3 O 4 as the sorbent, coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), is an efficient and simple method for the detection of low concentrations of PAHs in vegetable oils.
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Polymers
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 23
·3366
·
IF 4.7
Xulan Lu,An Wei,Shunxiang Wang,Yongjing Zou,Yunhao Lu,Lixian Sun,Cuili Xiang
In this study, environmentally friendly flame retardants capable of efficient flame retardancy at low concentrations in wood were developed. Urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin and guanidinium azole (GZ)-phytate (PA)-copper hydroxide (Cu(OH) 2 ) flame-retardant resin coating blends were prepared using urea, formaldehyde, 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole (GZ), phytanic acid (PA), and copper hydroxide (Cu(OH) 2 ). Employing dioctyl phthalate as the plasticizer and tannic acid as the curing agent, a three-stage reaction was performed to obtain the desired UF-GZ/PA/Cu as a bio-based flame retardant. Thermal evaluations demonstrated that UF-GZ/PA/Cu lost 5% of its mass through decomposition at a temperature of 195.5 ± 2.1 °C, with its maximum decomposition rate being observed at 300.6 ± 1.5 °C, and 29.8 ± 2.5 wt.% of dense residual charcoal being obtained at 800 °C. When applied as a flame retardant coating on wood, the prepared UF-GZ/PA/Cu exhibited excellent flame-retardant properties, forming a continuous dense charcoal residual layer, with a limiting oxygen index of 32.0%, and passing the UL-94 V-0 test. In addition, the heat release rate and total heat release rate of the flame retardant were determined to be reduced by 87.7 and 83.66%, respectively. Overall, this study provides a green and effective method for the preparation of flame-retardant wood.
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Applied Materials Today
·
2024
·
IF 7.2
Zhenlin Zuo,Lei Song,Longxing Niu,Rong Wang
Ionic conductive hydrogels have attracted tremendous research interest for their intrinsic characteristics in the field of flexible sensors. However, the combination of multifunctionalities of high mechanical strength, satisfactory self-adhesiveness, ionic conductivity, anti-freezing, antibacterial properties, and biocompatibility remains a great challenge for the development of ionic conductive hydrogels. In this study, a novel ionic conductive hydrogel was developed by introducing highly conductive phytic acid (PA) to poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (polySBMA). PA molecules, as non-covalent crosslinkers and electrolytes in the polySBMA network, significantly improved the mechanical properties, self-adhesion, and electrical properties of the hydrogels. The optimal hydrogel displayed robust mechanical properties (tensile stress: 240.7 kPa), desirable adhesive strength (18.6 kPa to pig skin), and excellent ionic conductivity (2.44 S/m). Simultaneously, the presence of PA confers hydrogels with good antibacterial, anti-freezing properties and long-term environmental stability, and the hydrogels could remain soft even at -40 °C. Moreover, the hydrogel-based sensors showed high sensitivity (gauge factor up to 9.72), wide sensing range (≈400%), good stability, and accuracy for physical and physiological signals (tensile strain, pressure, fluid types and concentrations). This work has not only provided a simple strategy for fabricating tough and recoverable zwitterionic hydrogels, but also demonstrated the multifunctional properties of the zwitterionic hydrogels, which possess a great potential to fulfill flexible device applications.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2024
·
IF 20.2
Weichen Wang,Hongke Zhang,Fangyuan Zhou,Yidan Wang,Zhiyu Xiang,Wanbin Zhu,Hongliang Wang
Developing cost-effective and highly active catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of furfural to target products is significant yet remains a substantial conundrum in the chemical industry. Herein, we present a phytic acid-assisting pyrolysis strategy to phase-controlled synthesis of a series of nickel phosphides catalysts (Ni 3 P/mSiO 2 , Ni 12 P 5 /mSiO 2 and Ni 2 P/mSiO 2 ), which exhibited phase-dependent catalytic performance in furfural hydrogenation. Ni 12 P 5 /mSiO 2 achieved the highest yield (97.3 %) of cyclopentanone under 1 MPa H 2 at 150 °C, and Ni 3 P/mSiO 2 could further hydrogenate cyclopentanone to a 60.8 % yield of cyclopentanol when the H 2 pressure increased to 2 MPa. Meanwhile, Ni 2 P/mSiO 2 demonstrated temperature-controlled selectivity for switching between furfuryl alcohol and cyclopentanone. Detailed characterizations and density functional theory calculations elucidated that the differences in catalytic performance were primarily attributed to the hydrogenation ability and acidity of catalysts as well as furfural adsorption configuration, which were determined by the tunable crystal phases of nickel phosphides. This work paves the promising avenue for the rational design of metal phosphide catalysts and harnessing their considerable potential for biomass conversion.
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2024
·
IF 8.2
Xiaodong Pei,Hailong Gao,Cenyao Shang,Junxia Huang,Mengting Ge,Huifang Xie,Yanfang Feng,Bingyu Wang
The rare earth metal element lanthanum (La) possesses carcinogenic, genotoxic, and accumulative properties, necessitating urgent development of an efficient and cost-effective method to remove La. However, current sorbents still encounter challenges such as poor selectivity, low sorption capacity, and high production costs. This study therefore proposes a promising solution: the creation of phytic acid–assisted sludge hydrochars (P-SHCs) to eliminate La from water and soil environments. This method harnesses phytic acid's exceptional binding ability and the economical hydrothermal carbonization process. P-SHCs exhibit robust sorption affinity, fast sorption kinetics, and excellent sorption selectivity for La when compared with pristine hydrochars (SHCs). This advantage arises from the remarkable binding ability of phosphate functional groups (polyphosphates) on P-SHCs, forming P-O-La complexes. Moreover, P-SHCs demonstrate sustained sorption efficiency across at least five cycles, with a slight decrease attributed to the loss of phosphorus species and mass during recycling. Furthermore, P-SHCs demonstrated superior economic feasibility, with a higher estimated cost-benefit ratio than that of other sorbents. Our study further validates the exceptional passivation capability of P-SHCs, showcasing relative stabilization efficiency ranging from 37.6 % to 79.6 % for La contamination. Additionally, acting as soil passivation agents, P-SHCs foster the enrichment of specific soil microorganisms such as Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, capable of solubilizing phosphorus and resisting heavy metals. These findings present novel ideas and technical support for employing P-SHCs in combatting environmental pollution stemming from rare earth metals.
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CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 8
Shutong Fan,Xun Gao,Yuan Liu,Layun Deng,Yong Wang,Xiazhen Li,Xianjun Li
This research synthesized a novel all-biobased, highly flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing flame retardant through the reaction of ammonium phytate (PAAn) and succinic acid-modified β-cyclodextrin (SA-β-CD). In the synthesis process, only deionized water was used as the solvent, conforming to the current requirements for eco-friendly approaches. The results showed that under the synergistic effect of PAAn and SA-β-CD, the thermal stability and flame retardancy of the wood were significantly enhanced. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) indicated that the char yield of the PAAn-SA-β-CD2@DW reached 40.24 %. The peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) were reduced by 91.78 % and 84.41 %. The PAAn-SA-β-CD2@DW sample was not ignited in the cone calorimeter test, and its fire growth index (FGI) value was only 0.094 kW/m 2 ·s, which was 97.37 % lower than that of the untreated wood. The synergistic effect of PAAn and SA-β-CD was found to promote the formation of non-combustible gases, and the generation of a dense protective char layer on the wood surface during combustion. This inhibits the diffusion of oxygen and heat, imparting the significantly improved fire resistance to the treated wood. This study provides a simple and eco-friendly synthesis approach, which broadens the scope of application of phytic acid and β-cyclodextrin.
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