JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 6.7
Hang Su,Wenjie Han,Hamed I. Hamouda,Huidan Zhang,Ming Lu
β-Xylosidase, crucial for xylan degradation, catalyzes xylose release from xylo-oligosaccharides. However, enzymatic characters of β-xylosidases possess certain limitations, including poor thermal stability, and inhibitors are unclear. This study identified two GH39 family β-xylosidases, CsXyl39A and CsXyl39B, from the thermophilic bacterium Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus. Both enzymes exhibited exceptional thermostability and compatibility with organic solvents, making them promising for industrial applications. CsXyl39A specifically cleaved d-xylopyranosyl groups from substrates such as notoginsenoside R1 and p-nitrophenyl-β-d-xylopyranoside. The catalytic efficiency in organic-solvent/water-miscible (O/Wm) systems was enhanced, and the physical immobilization on macroporous polystyrene strengthened its resistance to organic solvents in high-ratio O/Wm solutions. CsXyl39B demonstrated high specific activity and thermal stability at 70 °C, maintaining a 26 h half-life while producing xylose and glucose, indicating its suitability for lignocellulose biodegradation. Together, these enzymes address key industrial challenges, offering enhanced stability and solvent adaptability for sustainable bioprocessing applications.
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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 19.9
Fengfeng Xiao,Shengni Hua,Fei Liu,Ziliang Yan,Zhengsheng Yi,Yanxia Xu,Haichuan Peng,Jing Xiao,Yongjun Peng,Liewei Wen,Yunlu Dai
Radiotherapy triggers an adaptive upregulation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), which paradoxically promotes radioresistance by reinforcing the stromal barrier, suppressing immunity and accelerating DNA repair. To overcome these limitations, we engineered a multifunctional nanocoordinator (ASO TGF /MPN-aPD-L1) by leveraging the multimodal molecular interaction of bismuth-phenolic networks, creating an “all-in-one” platform that densely encapsulates TGF-β antisense oligonucleotides (ASO TGF ) via metal coordination and π–π stacking while adsorbing aPD-L1 on the surface for sensitizing radio-immunotherapy. Mechanistically, the bismuth component acts as a high-Z radiosensitizer to amplify initial DNA damage, while ASO TGF concurrently blocks TGF-β signaling by inhibiting its translation. This dual action not only abrogates DNA repair pathways but also suppresses cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) activation and remodels the extracellular matrix (ECM) to facilitate cytotoxic T cell infiltration. Furthermore, surface-adsorbed aPD-L1 prevents T cell exhaustion, sustaining long-term antitumor immunity. Our results confirm that this strategy significantly alleviates tumor fibrosis, enhances CD8 + T cell infiltration, and potentiates radiotherapy efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma models (HCC). Collectively, except for radiosensitization, by simultaneously targeting TGF-β signaling and PD-L1-mediated immune evasion, our nanocoordinator represents a promising strategy to potentiate radioimmunotherapy for HCC.
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
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2026
·
IF 2.6
Yinli Liu,Junjie Yang,Qianyi Yang,Xiao-Gang Yang
β-Cyclodextrin/phosphazene microparticles bearing amidoxime groups (β-CDPO) were synthesized by first crosslinking β-CD with hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP) and 2,3-diaminomaleonitrile (DAMN), followed by conversion of the nitrile groups using hydroxylamine hydrochloride. The submicron adsorbent combines a phosphazene network, β-CD inclusion cavities, and amidoxime-rich hydrophilic interfaces, facilitating the swift and selective extraction of cationic methylene blue (MB). Over 98% of MB was eliminated in under 1 minute, achieving adsorption equilibrium within 10 minutes. The β-CDPO-2 showed excellent MB uptake, and Langmuir fitting suggested a high theoretical adsorption capacity under the tested isotherm conditions. The exceptional performance is due to the synergy of negative surface charge, numerous amidoxime, hydroxyl, and phosphazene-derived interaction sites, enhanced wettability, submicron size, and β-CD host–guest inclusion. In an MB/CR mixed-dye system, β-CDPO-2 preferentially captured MB over CR, suggesting potential charge-selective adsorption under the tested conditions. β-CDPO also exhibited antibacterial inhibition rates close to 100% against E. coli and above 90% against S. aureus. After 10 adsorption–desorption cycles, β-CDPO-2 maintained stable MB removal performance. These results demonstrate that β-CDPO is a multifunctional β-CD-based adsorbent with potential for rapid dye removal, model charge-selective adsorption, and antibacterial water purification.
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FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 4.2
Xinwei You,Derong Hu,Yuanxing Zhang,Qin Liu,Guanglei Liu,Dahai Yang,Zhuang Wang
Extracellular β-glucan (eBG)-derived from Aureobasidium melanogenum induces trained immunity activation. • EBG training enhances macrophage recruitment and phagocytic function for bacterial clearance in teleosts. • EBG intermittent feeding strategy provides better protective effects against bacterial infection in turbot. β-Glucans are widely employed as immunomodulators in the aquaculture industry and have recently been recognized for their capacity to induce trained immunity. However, most β-glucans currently used in aquaculture are derived from fungal or yeast cell walls through complex extraction processes, yielding heterogeneous products that limits both mechanistic consistency and practical applicability. Here, we evaluated the potential of an extracellular β-glucan (eBG) derived from Aureobasidium melanogenum to induce trained immunity in both macrophages and zebrafish models, and further found that macrophages are evolutionarily conserved cellular components associated with eBG-induced anti-bacterial protection. In addition, we proved that eBG-based immunostimulant could be applied to enhance disease resistance in turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus ). Most importantly, we compared different administration strategies and found that an intermittent “training-resting-retraining” strategy significantly outperformed continuous feeding in improving survival, alleviating clinical symptoms, and maintaining immune organ homeostasis following bacterial challenge. Our findings provide both mechanistic insights and practical guidance for developing eBG as a trained immunity-based immunostimulant in aquaculture.
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Cell Reports Medicine
·
2026
·
IF 14
Qiang Zhang,Yue Kong,Yinglin Long,Xue Li,Liang Wang,Zhanhao Luo,Xiaoya Yang,Yanchun Xie,Quanwei Yu,Jing Yu,Dayi Liang,Wenhao Yuan,Xiaomin Cheng,Yaqi Su,Kaisa Cui,Guobao Tian,Zhen He,Ping Lan
Immune evasion remains a major challenge in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. Here, we identify that druggable β-catenin palmitoylation at cysteine 466 (C466) by ZDHHC5 acts as a competitive switch, displacing S-nitrosylation and coordinating an immunosuppressive program. The palmitoylated state stabilizes the β-catenin/TCF4 complex, which simultaneously upregulates SLC7A11 to suppress immunogenic ferroptosis, critical for CD8 + T cell priming, and PD-L1 to inhibit cytotoxic CD8 + T cells, thereby impairing both the initiation and effector phases of anti-tumor immunity. Clinically, ZDHHC5 expression predicts poor survival and resistance to anti-PD-L1 therapy. Silencing ZDHHC5 reduced tumor growth in patient-derived organoids and xenografts, while Zdhhc5 ablation in mice inhibited CRC progression by reversing immunogenic ferroptosis suppression and alleviating PD-L1-mediated T cell inhibition. Importantly, β-cat-oxazole, a first-in-class inhibitor, disrupts ZDHHC5-β-catenin binding, thereby restoring immunogenic ferroptosis and blocking PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression, ultimately suppressing tumor growth. Our findings establish targeting of this palmitoyl-switch as a precision strategy to overcome therapeutic resistance.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 8.2
Kun Jiang,Mengfei Long,Dongming Sun,Jing Tao,Junli Liu,Lu Wang,Weihong Lu,Deyong Zeng,Guojian Liao
BglPp Q7D/G189A achieved catalytic efficiency 2.3-fold that of the wild type. • Rare ginsenoside F 2 achieved 18.01 g/L in a 5-L bioreactor. • Activity enhancement and sequential degradation mechanism were investigated. The structural complexity and regiospecificity of ginsenosides pose significant challenges for precise biocatalysis, necessitating enzymes with finely tuned conformational control. Here, we report the high-level biomanufacturing of the rare ginsenoside F 2 via computational redesign of β-glucosidase BglPp from Paenibacillus phyllosphaerae . By integrating evolutionary fitness landscapes with thermodynamic stability gradients, we identified a synergistic double mutant, Q7D/G189A, with catalytic efficiency 2.3-fold that of the wild type, achieving an unprecedented F 2 titer of 18.01 g/L in a 5-L bioreactor. Mechanistic analyses revealed that distal mutations induce long-range allosteric effects, remodeling the active site and converting substrate binding from nonspecific hydrophobic interactions to a precise “molecular tweezers” mode, stabilized by an enhanced hydrogen-bond network that lowers the activation energy for glycosidic cleavage. Moreover, we uncovered a sequential degradation mechanism governing regioselectivity, which constrains substrate rotational freedom and directs an orderly conversion from ginsenoside Rb1 to F 2 by partitioning catalytic trajectories. This work establishes a robust platform for industrial-scale synthesis of rare ginsenosides and provides a generalizable framework for rational engineering of complex carbohydrate-active enzymes in synthetic biology. Download: Download high-res image (269KB) Download: Download full-size image
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BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
·
2025
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IF 5.6
Weijian Tang,Zhao Chen,Shaohua Xu,Zhoumiao Chen
While it is clear that HOXA10 plays a role in the growth and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the details of its regulation are still largely a mystery. Our research sheds new light on this issue by revealing increased HOXA10 protein levels within LUAD tumors. Assays involving colony formation, wound healing, Transwell migration, and western blot (WB) demonstrated that LUAD cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were inhibited by HOXA10 knockdown, as were the expressions of proteins associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis. Overexpression of HOXA10 had the opposite impact. Nude mouse models of subcutaneous allografts and pulmonary metastasis showed that LUAD growth and metastasis were strongly curtailed by HOXA10 knockdown. Gene set enrichment analysis also highlighted a relationship between HOXA10 and the fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) pathway. Analyses using BODIPY 493/503 staining and WB techniques demonstrated that knocking down HOXA10 in LUAD cells increased lipid accumulation and reduced FAO and key gene expression. The suppressive effects of HOXA10 knockdown on LUAD cell migration were neutralized by the addition of recombinant human Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1B (CPT1B) (rhCPT1B) protein. Our research also revealed an interaction between HOXA10 and tripartite motif containing 63 (TRIM63), where TRIM63 overexpression led to HOXA10 degradation through ubiquitination. Overexpression of TRIM63 decreased LUAD cell migration, but this effect was counteracted by HOXA10 overexpression. In summary, the discovery that TRIM63 orchestrates HOXA10 degradation to regulate FAO and curb LUAD matastasis suggests that interventions along the TRIM63-HOXA10 axis could be a fruitful approach to LUAD therapy.
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FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
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IF 8
Cuicui Duan,Yi Zhang,Cheng Wu,Siyang Sui,Hui Liu,Hongru Wang,Lin Ma,Xiaolei Li,Fumin Ma,Dan Li
Β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) was a major allergen in cow's milk and its sensitization has severely limited the dairy consumption. In this study, a ternary complex was prepared by covalent binding β-LG to exopolysaccharides (EPS) derived from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum A81 and (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), i.e. β-LG-EPS-EGCG. In order to minimize protein oxidation and prevented polyphenol aggregation, the EPS-EGCG complex was firstly synthesized by a free radical method, followed by covalent binding to β-LG via Maillard reaction. The structural features of β-LG-EPS-EGCG were analyzed using SDS-PAGE, FT-IR, UV and fluorescence spectroscopy, SEM and DSC. The results indicated that the secondary structure of ternary complex was obviously altered in comparison with that of native β-LG, accompanied by decreased α-helix content (from 20.19 % to 11.33 %), increased random coil and β-sheet contents (from 20.09 % to 24.16 % and from 29.90 % to 32.21 %, respectively). Meanwhile, the intrinsic fluorescence was quenched in β-LG-EPS-EGCG complex, thermal stability and emulsibility were significantly enhanced. Additionally, the β-LG-EPS-EGCG complex showed enhanced antioxidant activity. Notably, β-LG specific IgE binding capacity was significantly reduced for β-LG-EPS-EGCG complex compared to that of native β-LG, implying a decreased allergenicity. This study confirms that the binding among polyphenols, proteins and EPS can effectively reduce the sensitization of β-LG and enhance its functional properties, which provides a new idea for the development of hypoallergenic dairy products
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JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
·
2026
·Vol. 34
·期 7
·177
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IF 5.6
Li Bingbing,Lin Guoguo,Liu Xixi,Wu Mengdi,Zhi Shuangcheng,Zhu Mingyu,Ye Yanxin,Chen Yanyan,Liu Junhong,Sun Jie
The escalating contamination of water resources by chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CTC) poses significant threats to human health and ecosystems, necessitating the development of effective adsorbents. This study presents a novel β -resorcylic-HCHO type phenolic composite (RPC) as an efficient and regenerable adsorbent for CTC removal under high-concentration conditions. The RPC, featuring abundant carboxyl (-COOH) and phenolic hydroxyl (-OH) groups, achieved a removal efficiency of 90.1% and an adsorption capacity of 69 mg/g under typical operational conditions (1 g RPC treating 15 mL of 5 mg/mL CTC solution at pH ≈ 6.0 and 298 K). The adsorption process was spontaneous and best described by pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Freundlich isotherm, indicating significant chemical interactions (ion exchange, electrostatic attraction) alongside physical contributions (π-π interactions, hydrogen bonding, and swelling-induced diffusion). Over 90% of adsorbed CTC was desorbed using a binary eluent (95% ethanol + 8% MgCl 2 , w/v). Importantly, the regenerated RPC retained over 85% of its initial capacity after five consecutive adsorption–desorption cycles, demonstrating superior regenerability compared to many reported adsorbents. Although its maximum adsorption capacity is moderate, RPC’s excellent reusability and robust performance under high-concentration conditions highlight its potential for treating antibiotic-contaminated wastewater, pending further techno-economic assessment for scale-up.
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Nutrients
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 12
·2021
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IF 5.8
Xiaojing Liu,Fei Pan,Yandan Wang,Wei Wei,Jun Jin,Xingguo Wang,Zhe Cui
Background/Objectives: Controlled comparisons of extracellular β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) responses induced by individual dietary fatty acids (FAs) remain limited. This study established a preliminary hepatocyte-derived in vitro assay for comparing FA-associated β-HB responses and used exploratory descriptor-based modeling for hypothesis-generating FA ranking. Methods: Dose- and time-dependent extracellular β-HB accumulation induced by nineteen dietary FAs was quantified in HepG2 and AML12 cells under nutrient-deprived assay conditions. For exploratory descriptor-based modeling, the 19-FA HepG2 dataset was split into 15 training compounds and four held-out compounds. Model stability was further assessed using repeated random splits, LOOCV, permutation testing, MCFA sensitivity analyses, and simple structural baseline models. Four additional structurally related FAs were tested only for preliminary experimental ranking assessment, not as an independent external test set. Results: C8:0 and C10:0 consistently induced the highest extracellular β-HB accumulation, whereas most long-chain saturated FAs and very-long-chain monounsaturated FAs showed lower responses. The single four-compound held-out subset yielded an apparent R2of 0.875, but repeated random-split assessment showed substantial split-dependent variability, and simple baseline models performed similarly to GradientBoosting. Conclusions: This study provides a preliminary in vitro dataset for comparing extracellular β-HB responses to selected dietary FAs under defined nutrient-deprived hepatocyte assay conditions. The descriptor-based analysis should be interpreted only as a small-sample, exploratory, hypothesis-generating structure–response framework.
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FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
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2026
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IF 13.8
Jing Zhang,Yanhui Yang,Bingjie Xue,Xiangchen Lu,Zhengshi Chang,Wupeng Ge,Lili Zhao
This study investigated the structural and functional properties of composite hydrogels prepared from cold plasma (CP)-modified goat whey protein isolate (GWPI) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) for β-galactosidase (β-Gal) encapsulation. CP treatment (40 W-50 W, 10-40 s) modified GWPI structure, yielding peak surface hydrophobicity and free amino content at 50 W/40 s, which facilitated cross-linking with KGM. Composite hydrogels were fabricated under optimal CP condition (50 W/40 s) across GWPI: KGM ratios of 5:0 to 2:3. At a 4:1 GWPI:KGM ratio, the hydrogel exhibited superior network strength, mechanical properties (hardness and elasticity), water holding stability (particularly bound water retention), and crystallinity, achieving 99.36 ± 0.48% of β-Gal encapsulation efficiency and 98.57 ± 0.65% in vitro β-Gal digestion release rate. Excessive KGM content triggered phase separation, elevated free water content, and structural heterogeneity, which collectively reduced β-Gal encapsulation efficiency. These findings confirmed that synergistic modulation of CP-modified GWPI and GWPI: KGM ratios enabled simultaneous optimization of hydrogel structure, β-Gal encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro release kinetics.
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DYES AND PIGMENTS
·
2026
·
IF 3.9
Jing Wang,Yuanyuan Tang,Yanmin Zhang,Xiangfeng Kong,Yan Liu
β -glucan served as the raw material to fabricate β -glucan-Eu(tta) 2 (phen), effectively enhancing Eu 3+ luminescence by synergistic sensitization. • β -glucan-Eu(tta) 2 (phen) showed selective luminescence quenching for Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ by a static quenching mechanism. • β -glucan reduced Eu 3+ coordination complex cytotoxicity and conferred antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. • Flexible luminescent films retained sensing performance and facilitated visual Fe 3+ detection. This study presents a novel lanthanide luminescent material featuring a synergistic sensitization system composed of β -glucan, 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(thiophen-2-yl) butane-1,3-dione (tta), and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), which efficiently enhances and modulates the luminescence of Eu 3+ . The resulting β -glucan-induced Eu 3+ coordination complex exhibits specific luminescent responses toward Fe 3+ and Fe 2+ , with detection limits (LOD = 3 σ /K SV ) of 1.44 μmol·L -1 and 1.05 μmol·L -1 , respectively. The luminescence quenching mechanism was attributed to static quenching, accompanied by the inner filter effect. Notably, luminescence quenched by Fe 3+ is reversible upon the addition of EDTA, whereas no luminescence recovery is observed when EDTA is introduced subsequent to Fe 2+ -mediated quenching. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of β -glucan-induced Eu 3+ coordination complex have been evaluated. The antibacterial zone experiments confirm that β -glucan-induced Eu 3+ coordination complex has good antibacterial effects on both Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) and Escherichia coli ( E. coli ). β -glucan exerts a pronounced effect on mitigating the toxicity of Eu 3+ coordination complex. β -glucan-induced Eu 3+ coordination complex can form flexible luminescent films with carrageenan (CRG) or D4 hydrogel (D4), while retaining excellent luminescent properties, thereby holding significant potential for application in the detection of metal ions in environmental water samples. Download: Download high-res image (253KB) Download: Download full-size image
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）