MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·Vol. 193
·期 10
·689
·
IF 5.4
Liu Shijie,Zhao Lijun,Bai Yueyu,Ding Qian,Ma Yangyang,Li Miaoyun,Liang Dong,Liu Yanxia,Li Haoyun,Sun Lingxia
Achieving accurate quantification and counting of active lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is an important technical guarantee for the industrial production and application of LAB and their products. In this study, a gold nanoparticles@polyvinylpyrrolidone/sodium alginate (AuNPs@PVP/SA) hydrogel SERS sensor with outstanding stability and sensitivity was developed. Utilizing this platform as a substrate material to mitigate the “coffee ring” effect, we explored a strategy for the precise quantitative determination of mixed active LAB based on the AuNPs@PVP/SA hydrogel SERS platform and D 2 O-probed Raman spectroscopy technology. The results indicated that the SERS platform based on AuNPs@PVP/SA hydrogel exhibited excellent spectral reproducibility for LAB as a SERS substrate material, with a significantly reduced “coffee ring” effect. This strategy enabled rapid and quantitative detection of active lactic acid bacteria (LAB), with a limit of detection (LOD) of 10 CFU/mL. Moreover, the strategy had excellent analytical capabilities for the qualitative identification and precise quantification of different species of active LAB in actual samples, achieving an average accuracy of 98.67% with RSD values all less than 5%. It provides a potential technical support for the dynamic monitoring of relative abundance and metabolic phenomena of mixed active LAB in co-culture systems during actual industrial production. Graphical
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MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Rui Li,Rangam Rajkhowa,Limna Suja Shaji,Ji Zhou,Bin Tang,Yong Ye,Christopher Hurren
In this study, an effective biomass-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate was developed by combining microfibrillated silk (MFS) derived from Bombyx mori silk fibers with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The substrate was prepared through an environmentally friendly in situ reduction strategy based on the intrinsic reducing ability of MFS. The resulting AgNPs@MFS composites, prepared using different silver nitrate concentrations, were characterized, and their SERS performances were evaluated using model Raman probe molecules. The surface charge of AgNPs@MFS could be tuned by adjusting the solution pH, which promoted efficient enrichment of target molecules on the substrate, with an adsorption efficiency of 48.1% for methylene blue. The substrate exhibited excellent SERS performance, with a lowest detectable concentration of 1 × 10 −9 M for methylene blue. In addition, it showed preferential adsorption toward cationic dye molecules. The substrate also demonstrated reliable SERS detection in realistic water samples (tap water and lake water) with satisfactory recovery, highlighting its applicability in complex aqueous matrices. These results indicate that MFS provides a simple and scalable SERS platform through its hierarchical structure, adsorption capability, and in situ nanoparticle growth, enabling robust detection of target molecules in real-world aqueous environments.
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Analysis & Sensing
·
2026
·Vol. 6
·期 3
·e202500215
·
IF 3.3
Kaidi Sun,Hengchang Zhang,Lingfeng Duan,Hairong Chen,Rui Li,Yunxia Wang,Changchun Yan,Ying Liu,Jiacheng Yao,Xin Huang,Lulu Qu,Caiqin Han
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has significantly impacted public health and social stability, highlighting the urgent need for rapid diagnostic methods to ensure timely clinical intervention. Herein, we develop a sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) immunosensor based on a silver nanotripod (AgNT) array sandwich structure for simulating early SARS-CoV-2 detection. AgNT arrays modified with SARS-CoV-2 antibody serve as a capture substrate; antibody-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with dye molecules act as detection probes. Upon binding to analyte, these components form an AuNPs@AgNT sandwich immunosensor generating enhanced SERS signals for detection. The detection limit of AuNPs@AgNT for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) samples and saliva samples could reach 0.1 and 0.77 pg mL −1 , respectively. This sandwich immunosensor demonstrates excellent reproducibility with a relative standard deviation lower than 8% and maintains satisfactory detection specificity even in various saliva samples and other proteins. Furthermore, by integrating machine learning technology, the sandwich immunosensor enables accurate discrimination of multi-target samples. These results illustrate the promise of the SERS sandwich immunosensor for the early SARS-CoV-2 spike protein detection, which has a remarkable significance for the virus detection in the future. Graphical The front cover shows a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) immunosensor based on Ag nanotripod (AgNT) arrays. Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) are loaded with reporters (4-MBA, DTNB, TFMBA) and antibodies (Anti). The AgNT substrate is modified with 3-MPA and Anti. The immunosensor combined with machine learning enables detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein and distinction of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) in mixed samples.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 10.6
Ruibo Zhao,Jingjing Bai,Qiang Zhang,Jiayi Wei,Fei Deng,Myunghee Kim,Xingjie Li,Shuli Man,Weipan Peng,Long Ma
Rapid detection of foodborne pathogens is critical for food safety. Conventional qPCR offers high sensitivity but relies on nucleic acid amplification, increasing operational complexity and false-positive risks. Here, we developed a biosensor platform named PAF-SERS ( P f Ago-mediated A mplification- F ree S urface- E nhanced R aman S cattering Biosensor) for detecting Salmonella typhimurium ( S. typhimurium ) without pre-amplification. In this platform, Pf Ago specifically cleaves target DNA guided by a single-stranded DNA guide, generating a linker sequence that enables quantitative detection through SERS signal conversion. The assay completes within 55 min, with a detection limit as low as 10 CFU/mL and a linear range of 10^ 1 to 10^ 7 CFU/mL, exhibiting high specificity and reproducibility. We further applied a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm to accurately classify low-concentration samples. The method was successfully validated in milk, eggs, chicken, and feces and blood from infected mice, demonstrating its potential for rapid, on-site detection without bulky instruments.
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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·
IF 6.1
Yanxiao Quan,Guojun Weng,Jian Zhu,Jianjun Li,Junwu Zhao
Background Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in human exhaled breath serve as molecular fingerprints that reflect metabolic dysregulation and can indicate the onset and progression of diseases such as lung cancer. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), characterized by its high sensitivity, molecular specificity, and tolerance to humidity, offers a promising approach for breath analysis. However, the intrinsically weak Raman activity of exhaled biomarkers and poor gas adsorption on solid substrates still hinder its practical implementation. Therefore, it is essential to develop a SERS-based breath sensor that simultaneously enables signal amplification, gas enrichment, rapid operation, and cost-effectiveness. Results This study presents a novel ultrasensitive SERS sensing platform based on a core-shell ZIF-L@Au NTs composite, integrating high sensitivity, selectivity, and rapid detection capabilities. The anisotropic gold nanotriangles (Au NTs), serving as the plasmonic core, exhibit excellent structural stability and strong electromagnetic field enhancement. The outer ZIF-L metal-organic framework (MOF) shell facilitates the selective adsorption and pre-enrichment of target analytes, while its confinement effect synergistically amplifies the SERS signal, markedly improving detection sensitivity. As a result, the system enables reliable quantification of 4-ethylbenzaldehyde in the concentration range of 10 −4 -10 −8 M, achieving a detection limit down to the sub-ppm level with high stability and repeatability. Simulated detection of the potential lung cancer biomarker 4-ethylbenzaldehyde demonstrated the platform's strong enrichment capability and outstanding sensing performance. Significance This work establishes an ascorbic-acid-directed strategy to construct flower-like ZIF-L and, for the first time, integrates gold nanotriangles with a metal-organic framework into a core-shell ZIF-L@Au NTs SERS platform. The synergistic combination of MOF-based gas enrichment, sharp-tip plasmonic hot spots and 4-ATP/aldehyde chemistry enables sub-ppm level detection of exhaled 4-ethylbenzaldehyde, highlighting a promising route for non-invasive breath diagnostics.
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Analytical Methods
·
2026
·
IF 3
Wangyu Nan,Fan Sun,Qingdan Ye,Qianmin Dong,Kun Pang,Zihong Ye,Kai Sun,Yufeng Wang,Jie huang,Pei Liang
This study presents a novel immunochromatographic assay (ICA) leveraging surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for ultrasensitive pesticide detection. The proposed method utilizes core–shell structured gold nanoparticles (Au@Au NPs) functionalized with antibodies as the SERS substrate, coupled with Raman reporter molecules (MPBN) to generate a robust spectroscopic signal. By exploiting the immunorecognition between target antigens and immobilized antibodies, Raman-tagged Au@Au NPs are captured on the ICA test line, enabling quantitative analysis of lambda-cyhalothrin, and the minimum detection limit in actual samples (green peppers) reached 1.33 ppb. Comparative studies demonstrated that the SERS-ICA method achieved a 103-fold increase in sensitivity compared to the conventional LFA. Validation in complex matrices (grapes, eggplants, and green peppers) yielded recoveries of 92.85–118.25% and relative standard deviations (RSD) of 4.02–16.17%, confirming the method's exceptional specificity, accuracy, and applicability in real-world scenarios. This platform holds significant promise for rapid, on-site monitoring of trace contaminants in food safety and environmental surveillance.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Liqian Niu,Xian Wang,Xinxin Liu,Xin Guan,Xinyu Fan,Xin Liu,Shiyue Niu,Shuyun Bi
A novel UiO-66/Leu/Au@AgNPs SERS substrate was fabricated for chlorthiamid detection. • A low LOD of 1.95 × 10 −9 mol L −1 and wide linear range were obtained for chlorthiamid. • The sensor showed good stability, repeatability, and high anti-interference ability. • Good recoveries in real samples confirmed its practical use in food safety analysis. A novel surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate, UiO-66/Leu/Au@AgNPs, was fabricated by assembling gold@silver core-shell nanoparticles (Au@AgNPs) with leucine (Leu) and the zirconium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) (UiO-66). Various techniques including SEM, TEM, HAADF-STEM, XRD, XPS, FT-IR, TGA, UV–Vis, and Zeta potential were employed to fully characterize the substrate of UiO-66/Leu/Au@AgNPs. The substrate of UiO-66/Leu/Au@AgNPs achieved remarkable Raman signal amplification for chlorthiamid. Both electromagnetic enhancement (EM) and chemical enhancement (CM) mechanisms significantly boosted the distinct and reproducible Raman signal of chlorthiamid. The determination of chlorthiamide was not interfered by fourteen types of pesticides and several common metal ions, demonstrating the good selectivity of this method. The linear regression equation was expressed as I SERS = 128.08 c + 288,613.27 ( R 2 = 0.9982), The linear range spanned three orders of magnitude (from 3 × 10 −9 to 1 × 10 −6 mol L −1 ). A low limit of detection (LOD) of 1.95 × 10 −9 mol L −1 was obtained. The proposed method was further utilized for the determination of chlorthiamid in real samples, giving recoveries between 96.4% and 105% ( n = 5). Download: Download high-res image (118KB) Download: Download full-size image
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IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 4.5
Zhaocheng Shao,Yupeng Zhao,Jianyuan Huang,Haozhan Sun,Shuhua Wei,Jing Zhang,Anjie Ming
Unpredictable variation of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) intensity, caused by uncontrolled interfacial adsorption, severely limits quantitative applications. To address this issue, the evolution of analyte adsorption states was systematically investigated on a 3D Au nanoparticles/ZnO nanoflowers (Au NPs/ZnO NFs) substrate. By correlating Raman signal fluctuations with finite element method (FEM) simulations, a four-stage interfacial adsorption model consisting of direct adsorption, indirect adsorption, saturation, and crystallization was established). Spatial volume integral evaluations reveal that during initial adsorption, capillary forces drive molecules to form an optimal monolayer within extreme nanogaps, thereby maximizing the utilization of hot spots and triggering a rapid signal surge. Conversely, excessive volume induces thick crystallization, leading to severe optical shielding and a global collapse of the localized electric field. Guided by this framework, the optimal linear dynamic range was defined, overcoming false-negative interference. Furthermore, the substrate achieved a 10-8 M limit of detection for Rhodamine 6G (R6G) and exceptional 15-minute photocatalytic self-cleaning. This study presents a high-performance, reusable SERS platform and establishes a universal physical framework that maps macroscopic sample volume to microscale adsorption dynamics, providing crucial guidelines for maximizing linearity and defining accurate dynamic ranges in practical SERS detection protocols.
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TALANTA
·
2025
·
IF 6.1
Boya Ma,Wenshi Zhao,Yu Wu,Xiangyue Wan,Hang Zhao,Yongdan Wang,Jihui Lang,Jinying Li,Yang Liu
Tetracycline (TC), a widely used broad-spectrum antibiotic for treating bacterial infections, poses significant risks to human health and ecological environments caused by extensive abuse. Hence, sensitive detection and efficient degradation of TC are crucial for protecting both human health and ecological environment. In this work, a multifunctional Z-scheme Cu 2 O@Ag/g-C 3 N 4 heterojunction was designed and constructed in order to achieve both ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection and efficient photocatalytic degradation of TC. The influence of the Ag content on the SERS performance was investigated using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The charge transfer (CT) mechanism was deduced by band gap and Fermi level calculations. The results showed that the synergistic effect of electromagnetic enhancement (EM) and chemical enhancement (CE) contributed to the excellent SERS sensitivity of Cu 2 O@Ag/g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposites (NCs). The limit of detection (LOD) for TC using Cu 2 O@Ag/g-C 3 N 4 NCs as SERS substrate was as low as 10 −12 M, and the SERS substrate could also be used to TC detection in real milk samples. In addition, Cu 2 O@Ag/g-C 3 N 4 NCs could also act as the efficient photocatalyst to achieve the removal of TC with degradation rate of 94 % under visible light irradiation. Especially, the Cu 2 O@Ag/g-C 3 N 4 NCs maintained excellent photocatalytic performance even after six cycles. Possible degradation pathways and photocatalytic degradation mechanism of TC catalyzed by Cu 2 O@Ag/g-C 3 N 4 NCs were also proposed. This multifunctional Z-scheme Cu 2 O@Ag/g-C 3 N 4 NCs should thus have great potential for the integration of ultrasensitive SERS detection and efficient degradation of antibiotics.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Jianghui Zheng,Cuicui Fang,Mengyu Tao,Bingyong Lin,Yueliang Wang,Yuanyuan Yao,Lifen Chen,Hong Huang,Jianguo Xu,Longhua Guo
Dual-signal cross-validation enhances the reliability of quantitative measurements. However, asynchronous dual signals generated from different incident light affect the acquisition time and reliability of quantitative detection. In this work, we proposed an immunochromatography (ICA) sensor that utilizes synchronized Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) and temperature dual signals generated from the same incident light for analyzing microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in aquatic products. Quantitative analysis reveals a good linear correlation between the dual signals and the logarithmic concentration of MC-LR over the range of 0.001000–80.00 ng/mL. Moreover, the proposed method demonstrated excellent recovery rates and the results were similar with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, but the signal acquisition time (3 s) and overall detection time (10 mins) of our approach were significantly reduced. Therefore, a synchronized dual signals ICA sensor that combines SERS and photothermal technology was constructed for direct, rapid, and reliable detection of MC-LR, providing a promising application for field-based monitoring.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·Vol. 193
·期 3
·131
·
IF 5.4
Jin Meng,Ning Qiong,Zhang Mengping,Wei Haiyan,Meng Xiao,Chen Wenwen,Pan Hui,Xiu Haidi,Liu Lisheng,Wang Cuijuan
A novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based strategy is described for the rapid identification and quantitative determination of deltamethrin and its metabolite 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde in biological samples. A multifunctional sensor was developed using metal-organic framework-801 (MOF-801) and silver nanoflowers (Ag NFs), synthesizing an Ag NFs/MOF-801 composite. This composite is a dual-function material, acting as both a SERS substrate and an adsorbent, which was integrated into a portable 10-well plate. The addition of MOF-801 enhances enrichment selectivity and efficiency, while the abundant tips and rough surfaces of Ag NFs significantly improve SERS sensitivity. The determination of deltamethrin revealed a marked linear relationship between the SERS signal intensity and the logarithmic analyte concentration, with R-values falling within a range 0.959 to 0.972, with detection limits between 0.07 and 0.15 ppb, indicating suitability for clinical applications. This method successfully analyzed a patient sample, showing strong agreement with conventional chromatographic results while ensuring both practicality and accuracy. Notably, the detection process does not necessitate any sample preparation and can be completed within five min, highlighting its potential as an efficient and user-friendly POCD sensor for diagnosing poisoning in emergency settings.
Section
Graphical
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JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
·
2026
·
IF 3.8
Liqian Niu,Xian Wang,Xinxin Liu,Xin Liu,Shiyue Niu,Bin Yang,Jia Liu,Shuyun Bi
A highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method for the detection of acephate was established by using the substrate of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) modified with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and zinc oxide (ZnO). The Raman signal enhancement factor (EF) of acephate by the substrate of ZnO/NAC/AgNPs can be reached 4.95 × 10 6 . The ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the substrate of ZnO/NAC/AgNPs. The mechanism of electromagnetic enhancement (EM) assisted by chemical enhancement (CM) was elucidated in detail. The optimal experimental conditions were selected. The interference experiments showed that this method had high selectivity in complex substrates. There was a good linear relationship between acephate concentration and SERS signal intensity in the range of 6.00 × 10 −9 mol L −1 – 8.00 × 10 −7 mol L –1 , and the linear equation was I SERS = 85.02 c + 24712.49 ( r = 0.9982, c : nmol L −1 ) with the limit of detection (LOD) was 3.40 nmol L –1 (3 σ / S ). The SERS method was successfully applied for the detection of acephate residues in vegetable samples, and the recovery was in the range of 95.3% – 104% ( n = 5).
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