JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2024
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IF 5.8
Zhengyu Wei,Pingyi Feng,Lingzhe Meng,Xuelin Gong,Faheem Naseem,Xue Qin,Wei Wei
Carbon-based transition-metal electrocatalysts are regarded as promising candidates for catalyzing oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), yet their electrocatalytic ORR performances are greatly limited by active sites utilization caused by the metal aggregation and pore collapse under high temperature. This study rationally designed a cobalt-based ORR catalyst supported on a g-C 3 N 4 /carbon nanotube (CNT) network as a cost-effective alternative of platinum-based catalysts. CNT were embedded into the lamellar precursor of melamine and cyanuric acid, and a synergistic effect between CNT and precursor was realized to regulate the density and activity of active sites. The polycondensation of precursors led to the formation of an "interlocking" structure of CNT supports with abundant exposed defects, allowing for effectively anchoring cobalt ions to generate Co-N x sites. Meanwhile, partial Co ions underwent reconstruction and transportation to form Co nanoparticles and extended the disruptive CNT structure, exposing more interfacial defects to enhance the ORR catalytic properties. The prepared Co@g-C 3 N 4 /CNT catalyst demonstrated impressive ORR activity comparable to commercial Pt/C catalyst, showing superior stability. This research offers a promising approach for engineering interfacial defects to synthesize high-performance non-precious metal electrocatalysts for energy conversion applications.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 9
Xingguo Wang,Yingying Qin,Jian Lu,Weidong Qin,Honghui Teng
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 , CN) has garnered significant attention in the field of photocatalytic hydrogen production due to its unique electronic structure and ease of functional modification. However, the photocatalytic performance of CN is substantially limited by sluggish charge carrier dynamics and a scarcity of active centers. Herein, a novel photocatalyst is designed by modifying CN with nickel atoms and introducing benzene rings (Ni-BCN) onto its structure. The optimized Ni-BCN photocatalyst demonstrates remarkable photocatalytic activity without Pt as a co-catalyst. The hydrogen evolution rate reaches 1844.3 μmol g -1 h −1 , which is nearly 49.7 times higher than that of pristine CN. This significant enhancement is primarily attributed to the fact that the introduction of benzene rings into the CN framework provides driving force for improving charge separation within the in-plane, optimizing the energy band through an extended π-conjugated structure to enhance light absorption, and forming van der Waals heterojunctions that facilitates interlayer electron flow. Additionally, nickel atoms as active sites accelerate proton adsorption and reduce the free energy barriers of hydrogen evolution. This work purposefully optimizes the properties of CN by regulating its molecular structure, thereby fully leveraging these advantages in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2024
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IF 7.4
Chaolong Liu,Yadan Guo,Shuaihang Li,Keng Xuan,Yaoping Guo,Jun Li,Xuegang Wang,Xiaomeng Li,Zhongkui Zhou
Photocatalytic reduction of uranium(VI) via g-C 3 N 4 is a promising and efficient method for the recovery of radioactive uranium contamination from wastewater. In this work, the mesoporous sulfur-doped g-C 3 N 4 @attapulgite composite was first synthesized via a two-step hydrothermal-roasting method with (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 as the sulfur source and attapulgite as the supporter, respectively. As expected, the recovery efficiency of uranium(VI) using S-doped g-C 3 N 4 was 1.80 times higher than that of g-C 3 N 4 . Additionally, compared to S-doped g-C 3 N 4 , the mesoporous S-doped g-C 3 N 4 @attapulgite composite exhibited further improved photocatalytic efficiency and stability. The experimental results further showed the uranium(VI) was quickly eliminated within 20 min by mesoporous S-doped g-C 3 N 4 @attapulgite, and the recovery rate of which remained at 88.4 % even after seven cycles. According to the XPS results and trapping experiments, the excellent uranium(VI) recovery and stability can be attributed to the adsorption capacity of attapulgite and the e - reduction from sulfur doping g-C 3 N 4 , respectively. This result contributes to understanding the enhanced photocatalytic reduction mechanism of uranium(VI) and to achieving the high-efficiency recovery of uranium from wastewater using the mesoporous S-doped g-C 3 N 4 @attapulgite composite.
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ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
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2024
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IF 7.7
Shi-Wen Lv,Jialu Pan,Xiaoran Wang,Yifan Shao,Yanqing Cong,Lin Che
It is of great significance to establish an effective method for removing Cr(VI) from wastewater. Herein, Fe-doped g-C 3 N 4 (namely Fe-g–C 3 N 4 –2) was synthesized and then employed as photocatalyst to conduct the test of Cr(VI) reduction. Notably, the embedding of Fe ion in g-C 3 N 4 can offer the Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ redox couples, so reducing the interfacial resistance of charge transfer and suppressing the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes. The impurity energy levels will form in g-C 3 N 4 after the introduction of Fe ion , thereby boosting the light absorption capacity of catalyst. Thus, Fe-g–C 3 N 4 –2 showed good performance in photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction, and the reduction efficiency of Cr(VI) can reach 39.9% within 40 min. Different with many previous studies, current work unexpectedly found that the addition of p -benzoquinone (BQ) can promote the Cr(VI) reduction, and the reduction efficiency of Cr(VI) over Fe-g–C 3 N 4 –2 was as high as 93.2% in the presence of BQ (1.5 mM). Further analyses showed that BQ can be reduced to hydroquinone (HQ) by photogenerated electrons, and UV light can also directly induce BQ to generate HQ by using H 2 O as the hydrogen donor . The HQ with reducing ability can accelerate the Cr(VI) reduction. In short, current work shared some novel insights into photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction in the presence of BQ. Future research should consider possible reactions between photogenerated electrons and BQ. For the UV-induced photocatalysis , the suitability of BQ as the scavenger of O 2 •‒ must be given carefully consideration.
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DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
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2025
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IF 5.1
Yundong Qian,Tengda Lu,Ke Liu,Guangkai Lu,Jie Xiao,Xiaoyuan Zeng
The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalyst plays an important role in various renewable energy applications and energy conversion and storage fields. The design and synthesis of ORR catalysts with high activity, great stability, and low cost is a harsh challenge. Transition metal catalysts are deemed to be one of the promising alternatives to traditional Pt-based catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions. In this study, a nickel metal nanoparticle encapsulated by nitrogen-doped carbon tube composites (Ni/N-C-t) are fabricated by regulating the calcining temperature and using g-C 3 N 4 as precursor in the presence of nickel nitrate. The Ni/N-C-800 catalyst which is calcined at 800 °C exhibits the largest specific surface area (152.1 m 2 ·g −1 ), abundant defects, mesoporous structures and more active reaction sites, demonstrating excellent ORR performance (half-wave potential of 0.80 V) and good stability (current retention rate of 64 % after 66 h longevity test). The attributes of high content of Ni-N x , graphitic nitrogen, and pyridine nitrogen and largest specific surface area endow the catalyst of Ni/N-C-800 affluent reaction active sites and outstanding conductivity, thus boosting the ORR electrocatalytic performance. This study demonstrates a useful inspiration for the preparation of advanced oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts with g-C 3 N 4 derivatives.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2017
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IF 6.216
Yuanyuan Liu,Shengyang Yang,Su-Na Yin,Ligang Feng,Yang Zang,Huaiguo Xue
Methanol has been deemed to be a favorable medium for the source of hydrogen because its liquid nature facilitates the storage, transportation, and utilization of hydrogen. Currently, steam reforming is the most common method to generate hydrogen from methanol in chemical industry and hydrogen fuel cell field. However, methanol reforming often involves high temperature and pressure, massive capital investment, as well as undesirable byproducts (CO, CO 2 , etc.) formation. To overcome these disadvantages, in this work, we describe an in situ assembly and stepwise thermal treatment method to synthesize fibrous AgNPs/g-C 3 N 4 aerogel, which exhibits efficient photocatalysis activity for the splitting of pure methanol at room temperature. Encouragingly, hydrogen is continuously produced while neither CO nor CO 2 is found in the products, which could be attributed to the moderate redox feature of silver in the AgNPs/g-C 3 N 4 aerogel. More importantly, this CO x -free hydrogen evolution process can prevent the poisoning of catalysts, opening a new opportunity for developing low-carbon chemistry.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
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2017
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IF 3.387
Xuejun Xu,Zhichun Si,Liping Liu,Zehao Wang,Ze Chen,Rui Ran,Yonghong He,Duan Weng
Noble metal free MoS 2 /g-C 3 N 4 catalyst has attracted intense attentions for visible light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution as a result of its earth abundance, low cost and unique heterojunctions stacked with two dimensional sheets. However, the low charge separation efficiency resulted from the poor conductivity of g-C 3 N 4 and MoS 2 , and lack of abundant active sites from coordinative unsaturated atoms in MoS 2 , restricts the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity and stability enhancement of MoS 2 /C 3 N 4 composite catalysts. Herein, CoMoS 2 /rGO/g-C 3 N 4 catalysts with ternary heterojunctions are prepared by facile solvothermal method, which exhibit high visible light photocatalytic activity and stability for hydrogen evolution. The optimal hydrogen evolution rate of CoMoS 2 /rGO/g-C 3 N 4 catalysts is 684 μmol g −1 h −1 when the content of CoMoS 2 is 2% and the content of rGO is 0.5%. The stability of CoMoS 2 /rGO/C 3 N 4 catalysts just decrease about 3% after 4 cycling runs for 16 h. The good catalytic performances of catalysts are attributed to the synergistic effect among the g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets, rGO nanosheets and CoMoS 2 nanosheets. The high conductivity of rGO nanosheets enhances the electron-hole separation and charge transfer, and Co doping increases the active sites for hydrogen evolution due to the increase of unsaturated atoms in CoMoS 2 nanosheets.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 5.1
Rui Liu,Bolin Wu,Rijia Liu,Xin Zhang,Yuan Sun,Jing Ma
The accurate and real-time detection of antibiotics in the complex mixtures remain a significant challenge in the clinical drug monitoring, the food safety and the environmental surveillance. In this study, we developed an innovative electrochemical sensor platform, i.e. Ag/ZIF-67/g-C 3 N 4 /GCE, combined with the assistance of machine learning for the detection of chloramphenicol (CHL) in the practice pharmaceutical and urine samples. The incorporation of machine learning into the sensor design represents a key advancement, enabling the intelligent analysis and the enhanced sensing performance. The Ag/ZIF-67/g-C 3 N 4 composite electrode exhibited remarkable electrochemical properties, including a broad linear detection range (0.01–250.00 μmol L −1 ) and an ultralow detection limit of 5.32 nmol L −1 . The sensor demonstrated excellent selectivity, reproducibility and stability, even in the complex sample matrices. For practical application, the developed sensor achieved high recovery rates (98.00–103.00 % in the pharmaceutical samples and 96.67–103.33 % in the urine samples) with the standard deviations below 2.56 % and 2.26 %, respectively. More importantly, the artificial neural network (ANN), specifically the backpropagation (BP) neural network, was applied to analyze the collected sensor data, successfully predicting and validating the CHL sensing efficiency. This study highlights the synergistic combination of the advanced materials and machine learning for the intelligent and the accurate detection of antibiotics, paving ways for the AI-powered electrochemical sensing platforms with potential applications in both health monitoring and real-world sample analysis.
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DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
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2025
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IF 5.1
Gang Huang,Danlin Zeng,Mengcheng Wei,Yang Chen,Aoxue Ma,Sirong Cheng
A novel nonmetal-based nanocomposite, protonated g-C 3 N 4 @CaCO 3 (CN-BPCC), was synthesized using a simple calcination method. The construction of this binary composite photocatalyst enhanced the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation performances of pure g-C 3 N 4 . The adsorption and photocatalytic degradation efficiencies under visible-light irradiation were analyzed using methylene blue (MB) as the target organic pollutant. The binary nanocomposite with 1.5 g of CaCO 3 (BPCC) exhibited high adsorption and photocatalytic performance, achieving approximately 100 % degradation of MB under 90 min of xenon lamp irradiation. Furthermore, the nanocomposite displayed enhanced visible-light utilization efficiency and improved separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers. The adsorption and photocatalytic degradation mechanisms were investigated through radical trapping experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, the binary CN-BPCC nanocomposite exhibited exceptional reusability after regeneration, indicating its potential as a promising photocatalyst for the treatment of wastewater containing organic pollutants.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Xiyuan Gao,Lei Sun,Pengyu Hao,Shunhong Zhang,Yu Shen,Jianhua Hou,Feng Guo,Chunsheng Li,Weilong Shi
The utilization of solar evaporator for interfacial seawater evaporation and wastewater treatment presents a promising concept; however, inadequate evaporation and degradation rates and complicated preparation procedures significantly hinder its practical application. Herein, the black g-C 3 N 4 /loofah/chitosan (BCN/LF/CS) hydrogel as an efficient dual-function solar evaporator was constructed for desalination coupled with antibiotic degradation. The experimental results show that in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, the effective evaporation rate of optimal BCN-1/LF/CS evaporator can reach 2.1 kg m −2 h −1 , and maintaining 91.4 % degradation of tetracycline (TC) solution (50 mg/L) within 6 h irradiation. This work introduced here combines the advantages of photothermal evaporation and photocatalytic degradation to obtain fresh water from a complicated water environment, providing inspiration for future exploration of photocatalyst construction and extensive application in wastewater purification.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
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2024
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IF 9.4
Zhe Yin,Huanyu Chen,Qiuyu Wang,Ziwen Wang,Guoping Yu,Binglin Tang,Man Zhang,Kangzheng Li,Zhichao Zhang,Qingcheng Luo,Tianding Hu,Bo Lv
Converting plastics into organic matter by photoreforming is an emerging way to deal with plastic pollution and produce valuable organic matter. Water shortage can be alleviated by using seawater resources. To solve these problems, we synthesize a ternary heterostructure composite g-C 3 N 4 /CdS/NiS. Heterojunctions are formed between graphitized carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ), cadmium sulfide (CdS) and nickel sulfide (NiS), which effectively improve the problem of fast charge recombination of pure g-C 3 N 4 and CdS. The results of the g-C 3 N 4 /CdS/NiS photocatalytic tests show that the hydrogen production rates in seawater and pure water for 5 h are 30.44 and 25.79 mmol/g/h, respectively. In stability test, the hydrogen production rate of the g-C 3 N 4 /CdS/NiS in seawater and pure water is similar. This suggests that seawater can replace pure water as a source of hydrogen. While H 2 is generated, the lactate obtained by polylactic acid (PLA) hydrolysis is oxidized to form small organic compounds such as formate, acetate and pyruvate. Our study shows that g-C 3 N 4 /CdS/NiS can not only use seawater as a hydrogen source to produce H 2 , but also photoreformate plastics dissolved in seawater into valuable small organic molecules. This has a positive impact on the production and use of clean energy, as well as on plastic pollution and water scarcity.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
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2024
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IF 9.4
Shaosheng Rao,Yangyang Sun,Juan Xie,Chenglong Chen,Chuang Zhi,Rong Ma,Qinqin Liu,Juan Yang
Although photocatalytic disinfection can avoid secondary pollution and other shortcomings compared to traditional disinfection methods, its development is seriously hindered by poor charge separation and transfer efficiency. Herein, we design a Zn-NC (single Zn atoms embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon) bridged ZnO/C 3 N 4 Z-scheme heterojunction (ZnO/Zn-NC/C 3 N 4 ) with robust interface contact by a multi-interfacial engineering strategy to achieve highly efficient separation and transfer of charge. Experimental and theoretical analyses demonstrate that the tightly integrated interface and excellent electrical conductivity of Zn-NC electron bridges ensure effective transfer of photogenerated charge carriers. Compared to ZnO/C 3 N 4 , the introduction of Zn-NC electron bridges induces charge rearrangement at the interface, generating a strong built-in electric field in the ZnO/Zn-NC/C 3 N 4 Z-scheme heterojunction to facilitate the separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers. Furthermore, Zn-NC electron bridges effectively promote the adsorption and activation of oxygen on the surface of ZnO/Zn-NC/C 3 N 4 , enhancing the generation of reactive oxygen species for rapid bacteria elimination in water. Consequently, the ZnO/Zn-NC/C 3 N 4 Z-scheme heterojunction, at a concentration of 100 ppm, achieves 99.9 % antibacterial efficiency against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus aureus , and Escherichia coli at a bacterial concentration of ∼ 10 7 CFU/mL under AM 1.5G simulated sunlight irradiation for 60 min, which is approximately 1.05 times higher than that of ZnO/C 3 N 4 . Moreover, ZnO/Zn-NC/C 3 N 4 maintains a 99.9 % bactericidal efficiency for natural water treatment using a homemade microreactor, demonstrating its potential for water disinfection.
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