KOREAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2015
·Vol. 32
·期 6
·1129-1136
·
IF 1.166
Xiao Xuemin,Tian Fei,Yan Yujun,Wu Zhilin,Wu Zhansheng,Cravotto Giancarlo
Coal-based activated carbon (CAC) was prepared from coal produced in Xinjiang of China by microwave activation. CAC was characterized and used as an adsorbent for phenanthrene adsorption. The effects of temperature, adsorption time, CAC amount, initial concentration and pH value of solution on phenanthrene adsorption were studied. The adsorption rate of phenanthrene onto CAC was obtained nearly 100% with initial concentration of 100 mg/L and CAC dosage of 0.3 g at 25 °C. Phenanthrene adsorption was well described with the Langmuir isotherm. The pseudo-second-order model was found to more effectively explain the adsorption kinetics of phenanthrene. The lower temperature was favorable to the adsorption rate and equilibrium adsorption capacity of phenanthrene onto CAC. The thermodynamic parameters ΔH θ , ΔS θ and ΔG θ computed for phenanthrene adsorption onto CAC demonstrate the process was spontaneous, radiative, and entropically driven. Thus, CAC prepared by microwave activation could be effective for removing phenanthrene.
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CELLULOSE
·
2015
·Vol. 22
·期 6
·3633-3643
·
IF 3.573
Wu Ronglan,Tian Lingyuan,Wang Wei
We report a study on the synthesis of cellulose-g-poly(methyl methacrylate)/organo-montmorillonite and its application in the removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) from aqueous solution. The nanocomposite of cellulose-g-PMMA/OMMT was synthesized by using atom transfer radical polymerization. We investigated the effects of four reaction parameters on the grafting efficiency and percentage. The nanocomposite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of four parameters on the adsorption of 2,4-DCP were studied, which included pH, grafting percentage, adsorbate weight and the initial concentration of 2,4-DCP. Furthermore, adsorption isotherms and kinetics were investigated.
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JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH
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2015
·Vol. 17
·期 9
·1-12
·
IF 2.184
Han Wenfeng,Li Xiaojuan,Tang Haodong,Wang Zhikun,Xi Miao,Li Ying,Liu Huazhang
Abstract A Cr 2 O 3 hexagonal prism structure synthesized via the reaction of aqueous CrCl 3 solution with NaBH 4 solution at room temperature followed by calcination of the precipitate in N 2 atmosphere at 500 °C is investigated as an efficient catalyst for dehydrofluorination of 1,1-difluoroethane producing vinyl fluoride. With the assistance of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, experimental results revealed that the uniform hexagonal prism has a prism length of 285 ± 43 nm and width of 233 ± 33 nm. It is in the form of loose and net-like aggregation of nano-Cr 2 O 3 with diameter less than 3–5 nm with polycrystalline structure. NH 3 temperature programmed desorption and chlorodifluoromethane dismutation experiments confirm the existence of relatively abundant and strong acidic sites. As a catalyst for dehydrofluorination of 1,1-difluoroethane, compared with commercial Cr 2 O 3 , much higher activity and stability were observed due to the evolution of CrO
x
F
y
species and much higher surface area and mesoporous structure. No significant morphology changes or sintering of the catalyst are observed after 70-h reaction. Compared with the commercial Cr 2 O 3 , we suggest that the much smaller size of Cr 2 O 3 crystalline which possesses higher surface energy, lower strength, and more abundant Lewis acidity and the formation of CrO
x
F
y
during reaction over hexagonal prism catalyst probably contributes to the activity and stability difference between these two catalysts. Graphical Abstract
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JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY
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2015
·Vol. 20
·期 7
·1845-1854
·
IF 2.446
Hu Xianlei,Hou Gaoming,Zhang Mingqiu,Zhang Ruoxin,Ruan Wenhong,Huang Yifu
A new solid-state polymer composite electrolyte based on hypergrafted nano-silica (SiO 2 -g-HBPAE)/hyperbranched poly (amine-ester) (HBPAE) doped with lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ) was studied in this paper. The N , N -diethylol-3-amine-2-methyl methylpropionate monomer was firstly synthesized by methyl methacrylate (MMA) and diethanolamine through Michael addition reaction and then self-condensed on the surface of nano-silica pretreated by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and MMA. The synthetic procedure of the monomers and SiO 2 -g-HBPAE/HBPAE was traced by fluorescence spectra. The size and grafting ratio of SiO 2 -g-HBPAE were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, static light scattering and thermogravimetric analysis. Incorporating SiO 2 -g-HBPAE to HBPAE could not only decrease the glass transition temperature of polymer according to the differential scanning calorimetry characterization, but also increase the elastic and viscosity modules indicated by rheological measurement results. Electrochemical properties of SiO 2 -g-HBPAE/HBPAE/LiClO 4 were also investigated. The conductivity of SiO 2 -g-HBPAE/HBPAE with 50 wt% LiClO 4 reached 1.4 × 10 −5 S/cm at 30 °C and 10 −3 S/cm at 100 °C. The lithium-ion transference number of synthesized hyperbranched electrolyte can be up to 0.55.
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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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2015
·Vol. 408
·期 3
·805-814
·
IF 3.436
Ma Liyun,Li Jing,Zhao Juan,Liao Han,Xu Li,Shi Zhi-guo
In the current study, novel featured silica, named penetrable silica, simultaneously containing macropores and mesopores, was immobilized with bovine serum albumin (BSA) via Schiff base method. The obtained BSA-SiO 2 was employed as the high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) stationary phase. Firstly, d - and l -tryptophan were used as probes to investigate the chiral separation ability of the BSA-SiO 2 stationary phase. An excellent enantioseparation factor was obtained up to 4.3 with acceptable stability within at least 1 month. Next, the BSA-SiO 2 stationary phase was applied to study the interaction between imatinib mesylate (IM) and BSA by frontal affinity chromatography. A single type of binding site was found for IM with the immobilized BSA, and the hydrogen-bonding and van der Waals interactions were expected to be contributing interactions based on the thermodynamic studies, and this was a spontaneous process. Compared to the traditional silica for HPLC stationary phase, the proposed penetrable silica microsphere possessed a larger capacity to bond more BSA, minimizing column overloading effects and enhancing enantioseparation ability. In addition, the lower running column back pressure and fast mass transfer were meaningful for the column stability and lifetime. It was a good substrate to immobilize biomolecules for fast chiral resolution and screening drug-protein interactions.
The preparation of BSA-SiO2 column based on the penetrable silica and its application in chiral separation and frontal analysis
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PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
·
2015
·Vol. 33
·期 3
·792-803
·
IF 3.42
Ye Yanghuan,Zhang Tianpeng,Li Wan,Sun Hua,Lu Danyi,Wu Baojian,Zhang Xingwang
Purpose Oral therapy with raloxifene (RXF), an amphiphobic drug for remedy of the postmenopausal osteoporosis and estrogen-dependent breast cancer, is less effective due to its poor bioavailability (2% or so). This work aimed to devise mesoporous carbon nanospheres (MCNs) for oral delivery of RXF and evaluate their performance in bioavailability enhancement and lymphatic transport. Methods Glucose-based MCNs were fabricated by hydrothermal reaction followed by high-temperature activation. RXF-loaded MCNs (RXF-MCNs) were prepared by solvent-diffusion/high-pressure homogenization and stabilized by phospholipid. RXF-MCNs were fully characterized by particle size, morphology, in vitro drug release and metabolism, in vivo pharmacokinetics and lymphatic transport, and ex vivo fluorescent imaging. Results The prepared RXF-MCNs were 230 nm around in particle size, showing high entrapment efficiency (95.35%) and satisfactory physical stability. The oral bioavailability of RXF was enhanced by 2.07 folds through MCNs compared with RXF suspensions in rats. It was shown that reduced intestinal metabolism due to entrapment into MCNs, active transcellular uptake and increased lymphatic transport were responsible for enhanced bioavailability as a result of transport improvement. Conclusions The results suggest that MCNs are suitable nanocarriers for oral delivery of poorly bioavailable RXF.
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Nanoscale Research Letters
·
2015
·Vol. 10
·期 1
·1-9
·
IF 2.779
Qi Yun,Jiang Meng,Cui Yuan-Lu,Zhao Lin,Zhou Xia
Pb(II) is a representative heavy metal in industrial wastewater, which may frequently cause serious hazard to living organisms. In this study, comparative studies between alginate nanoparticles (AN) and quercetin-decorated alginate nanoparticles (Q-AN) were investigated for Pb(II) ion adsorption. Characterization of AN and Q-AN were analysed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTG-DSC). The main operating conditions such as pH, initial concentration of Pb(II), and co-existing metal ions were also investigated using a batch experiment. AN and Q-AN, with a diameter of 95.06 and 58.23 nm, were constituted by many small primary nanoparticles. It revealed that when initial concentration of Pb(II) is between 250 and 1250 mg L −1 , the adsorption rate and equilibrium adsorption were increased with the increase of pH from 2 to 7. The maximum adsorption capacities of 147.02 and 140.37 mg L −1 were achieved by AN and Q-AN, respectively, with 0.2 g adsorbents in 1000 mg L −1 Pb(II) at pH 7. The adsorption rate of Pb(II) was little influenced by the co-existing metal ions, such as Mn(II), Co(II), and Cd(II). Desorption experiments showed that Q-AN possessed a higher desorption rate than AN, which were 90.07 and 83.26 %, respectively. AN and Q-AN would probably be applied as adsorbents to remove Pb(II) and then recover it from wastewater for the advantages of simple preparation, high adsorption capacity, and recyclability.
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Science China-Chemistry
·
2015
·Vol. 58
·期 7
·1159-1168
·
IF 1.695
Song Zhiming,Shi Bo,Ding Jianxun,Zhuang Xiuli,Zhang Xiaonan,Fu Changfeng,Chen Xuesi
Complications arising from tendon injury include tendon sheath infection and peritendinous adhesion, in which tendon adhesion often leads to serious motor dysfunction. In this work, the electrospun membranes of poly( L -lactide) (PLA) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) with different degradation kinetics were used to investigate their efficacy for anti-adhesion toward Achilles tendon repair. Compared with the PCL membrane, the PLA sample showed a faster rate of degradation in 42 d, and all the degradation media (i.e., phosphate-buffered saline) maintained at a constant pH of around 7.4. Meanwhile, the superior biocompatibility of both the PLA and PCL membranes were proved by the in vitro cellular adhesion tests and in vivo histopathological assays. Simultaneously, the PLA membrane was more effective than the PCL sample in decreasing adhesion and promoting functional recovery. Furthermore, the experiment result was further confirmed by hematoxylin-eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining, and type I collagen immunohistochemical analysis. All results revealed that the model treated with the electrospun PLA membrane was obviously better with regard to both anti-adhesion and tendon repair than that in the PCL membrane group. Considering the results of degradation and adhesion prevention efficacy, the electrospun polyester membranes, especially the PLA one, would be applied with fascinating potential in clinical prevention of postoperative tendon adhesion.
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COLLOID AND POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2014
·Vol. 292
·期 11
·2831-2839
·
IF 2.41
Yang Yi,Gao Hejun,Lu Fei,Zheng Liqiang
Poly-(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) proton-conducting composite membranes were prepared using succinic acid (SA) as a cross-linking agent and Brønsted acidic ionic liquid (BAIL) as a proton source. The incorporated BAILs resulted in a relatively high proton conductivity compared with PVA/SA membrane without BAILs. The proton conductivities of PVA/SA/BAIL composite membranes increased versus the BAIL content. In addition, the optimal resultant proton conductivity of PVA/SA/BAIL composite membrane under dry condition could reach 0.4 mS/cm at 140 °C, which was higher than that of PVA/sulfosuccinic acid (SSA) composite membrane (0.032 mS/cm), PVA/SSA/5-aminotetrazole membrane (0.022 mS/cm at 130 °C), and PVA/chlorosulfonic acid/glutaraldehyde membrane (0.0585 mS/cm at 90 °C) measured at the same condition. It was notable that the PVA/SA/BAIL composite membranes could reach high thermal stability up to 150 °C, which was higher than that of traditional PVA membranes (below 80 °C).
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JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
·
2014
·Vol. 301
·期 1
·57-63
·
IF 1.415
Zhang Ruobing,Zhang Hong,Hou Xiaolin,Chai Zhifang,Chen Yinfei,Fan Yukun
In order to assess the radioactive impact of Fukushima Incident on the coastal environment of Dapeng Peninsula, Shenzhen, China, combining accelerator mass spectrometry with epithermal neutron activation analysis, we measured the 129 I/ 127 I ratios and 129 I levels in surface seawater, oyster ( Ostrea gigas ) and kelp ( Sargassum henslouianum ). The results showed that the influence of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Base was ignorable to local environment, but the Fukushima Incident had caused significant increase of 129 I levels in oyster ( P < 0.001) and kelp ( P < 0.05) from Dapeng Peninsula between Jun-2011 and Apr-2012. However, the 129 I levels in oyster and kelp were far below the guideline given by Codex Alimentarius Commission and would not cause immediate harm to the health of local residents.
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Parasites & Vectors
·
2014
·Vol. 7
·期 1
·1-5
·
IF 3.251
Liu Xin Chao,Liu Qiyong,Zhou Ligang,Liu Zhi Long
Background During the screening programme for new agrochemicals from Chinese medicinal herbs and local wild plants, the essential oil of dried bulbs of Allium macrostemon Bunge (Liliaceae) was found to possess larvicidal activity against mosquitoes. The aim of this research was to determine the larvicidal activity of the essential oil and its major constituent compounds against the larvae of the Culicidae mosquito, Aedes albopictus.Methods Essential oil of A. macrostemon was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromaotography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The activity of the essential oil and its two major constituents were evaluated, using World Health Organization (WHO) procedures, against the fourth instar larvae of Ae. albopictus for 24 h and larval mortalities were recorded at various essential oil/compound concentrations ranging from 9.0 - 150 μg/ml.Results The essential oil of A. macrostemon exhibited larvicidal activity against the early fourth instar larvae of Ae. albopictus with an LC50 value of 72.86 μg/ml. The two constituent compounds, dimethyl trisulfide and methyl propyl disulfide possessed strong larvicidal activity against the early fourth instar larvae of Ae. albopictus with LC50 values of 36.36 μg/ml and 86.16 μg/ml, respectively.Conclusion The results indicated that the essential oil of A. macrostemon and its major constituents have good potential as a source for natural larvicides.
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JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2014
·Vol. 71
·期 2
·313-323
·
IF 1.547
Gao Fei,Sheng Ye,Song Yanhua,Zheng Keyan,Lin Chunming,Zhang Hui,Huo Qisheng,Zou Haifeng
Photoluminescent nanomaterials had emerged as an amazing field in a wide range of applications during the past few decades. In this article, fibrous europium tartrates and photoluminescent silica nanotubes were conveniently synthesized by using sol–gel method, in which europium ions entered silica matrix. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, fourier transform infrared spectra, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectra analysis were used to characterize the growth, structure, morphology and optical property of the products. The results indicated that europium tartrates nanofibers as a template can transform tetraethylorthosilicate into silica nanotubes effectively. Meanwhile, europium(III) was transferred from the fibers to the tubes successfully. A hard template mechanism was proposed to explain the formation process of europium(III)-doped silica nanotubes. Moreover, different morphologies of silica-based nanomaterials were obtained due to varying NH 4 OH addition or stirring time. PL spectra from nanofiber and nanotube show a typical emission of europium(III), and 13 % is the quenching concentration of europium(III) in silica matrix for this system. The novel silica nanotubes can be applied potentially in optical and biological areas.
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