JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2014
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IF 2.726
Dong Yan,Ying Bai,Caiyan Yu,Xiaoge Li,Weifeng Zhang
Nanoscaled Si is successfully wrapped with different contents of nano-TiO 2 (the molar ratios of Si/TiO 2 composites are 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5, respectively) to form a novel pineapple structure. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) are utilized to characterize the structure, component, chemical environment and morphology of the composite. The investigation in cycling performances demonstrates that Si/TiO 2 with molar ratio of 1:4 exhibits the best cycling stability, with specific capacity of 593 mA h g − 1 after 50 cycles at 0.1 C, much higher than those of the other composites and the pristine material. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) profiles are also measured and compared. It is believed that the outside TiO 2 particles act as buffer against the huge volume change of Si during repeated alloying and de-alloying, which explains the improved electrochemical performances.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2013
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IF 2.108
Xinlin Liu,Peng Lv,Guanxin Yao,Changchang Ma,Yangfeng Tang,Yuting Wu,Pengwei Huo,Jianming Pan,Weidong Shi,Yongsheng Yan
The modified NaCl/TiO 2 photocatalyst of selected degradation was synthesized by surface molecular imprinted technology with ciprofloxacin (CIP) as the molecular template. The acrylamide (AM), trimethylolpropane acrylate (TMPTA), and 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) were considered to be functional monomer, cross-linking and initiate reagents, respectively. The as-prepared photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV–vis DRS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal gravimetry (TG) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). Compared with the non-imprinted photocatalyst, the molecular imprinted photocatalyst exhibits higher selectivity and photo-degradation capacity for CIP. The degradation ratio of CIP could reach 70.90% in 60 min under visible irradiation. The selectivity of the MIP photoctalyst enhanced the photocatalytic activity to CIP.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2013
·Vol. 1
·期 42
·13128-13138
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IF 0
Juan Zhou,Feng Ren,Shaofeng Zhang,Wei Wu,Xiangheng Xiao,Ying Liu,Changzhong Jiang
Tailorable synthesis of plasmon enhanced catalysts with high solar-light harvesting and energy-conversion efficiency has attracted wide interest due to its scientific and technological importance. In this paper, novel SiO2–Ag–SiO2–TiO2 multi-shell photocatalysts with wide-spectral-response were systematically designed and controllably synthesized, where the SiO2 spheres were used as the cores, and the SiO2 interlayers coated on the Ag nanoparticle (NP) shells were used to separate the Ag from the TiO2 shell. The structures of the SiO2–Ag–SiO2–TiO2 multi-shell photocatalysts can be tailored by changing the thickness of SiO2 interlayers from 1 to 2, 5, 8, 12, and 20 nm, while the anatase N-doped TiO2 shells with visible light response are maintained at a thickness of 20 nm. The photocatalytic activity tests show that the enhanced photocatalytic efficiency under both ultraviolet (UV) and visible light irradiation is related to the existence of Ag NP shells and the thickness of SiO2 interlayers. The complicated coupling mechanisms between TiO2 and a plasmon are systematically discussed, and a clear physical picture for the complicated coupling processes is presented. The main reasons for the enhancement of the photocatalytic activity of the SiO2–Ag–SiO2–TiO2 multi-shell structures are the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect and scattering effect induced by Ag NPs.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2013
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IF 5.825
Dong Ma,Yanjun Xin,Mengchun Gao,Juan Wu
In present work, S-doped TiO 2 nanofibers, with several hundred nanometers in diameter, have been prepared via electrospinning technique using thiourea and CS 2 as the sulfur precursors (denoted as UTF and CTF, respectively). The results revealed that sulfur atoms were successfully incorporated into the bulk phase of TiO 2 nanofibers. Cationic doping was found with the substitution of Ti 4+ by S 6+ and Ti O S bonds were formed in the UTF sample, but anionic doping was obtained in the CTF sample and O Ti S bonds were produced via the S 2− substituted for O 2− . Meanwhile, evidence showed that chemisorbed SO 4 2− groups were present on the surface of both S-doped samples. Furthermore, S-doping could effectively inhibit the growth of crystalline grain size and obviously increase light absorbance in visible region. The photocatalytic activity of obtained nanofibers was analyzed for the degradation of organic pollutants by visible-light irradiation, and the photocatalytic mechanism was investigated by employing several scavengers for active species. Results showed that photoinduced holes (h + ) and chemisorbed hydroxyls (OH ads − ) on catalyst surface played a vital role in the photocatalysis of UTF system, but photoinduced holes (h + ) and electrons (e − ) had the nearly equal importance in CTF system.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2015
·Vol. 3
·期 7
·4004-4009
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IF 7.443
Zhenghui Pan,Yongcai Qiu,Jie Yang,Meinan Liu,Lisha Zhou,Yijun Xu,Leimei Sheng,Xinluo Zhao,Yuegang Zhang
The three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical nanostructure is one of the promising candidates for high performance photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting electrodes due to the reduced carrier diffusion distance, improved light absorption efficiency and charge collection efficiency. Here, by growing omnidirectional, densely packed branches on TiO2 nanowires, we demonstrated a 3D hyperbranched hierarchical TiO2 nanowire (HHNW) architecture that could significantly enhance the performance of PEC water splitting. Under a solar simulator with chopped AM 1.5G light of 100 mW cm−2 intensity, the HHNW electrode yielded a photocurrent density of 1.21 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V with respect to the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), which was about four times higher than that of TiO2 nanowires (NWs) (0.34 mA cm−2). The highest incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) obtained from our HHNWs was 77% at 365–425 nm. This greatly improved PEC performance can be attributed to the improved light absorption efficiency and the increased contact surface areas at the TiO2/electrolyte interface.
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Nano Energy
·
2013
·
IF 0
Yan-Qing Zhang,De-Kun Ma,Yan-Ge Zhang,Wei Chen,Shao-Ming Huang
N-doped nanostructured carbon materials have attracted much attention because the doping can induce new unique physical and chemical properties of carbon. In this study, we report, for the first time, that N-doped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) can combine with rutile TiO 2 and form NCQDs/TiO 2 hierarchical microspheres assembled by nanorods with enhanced photocatalytic activities under visible light irradiation. As a result, the pseudo-first-order reaction constant for the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) on NCQDs/TiO 2 (0.11 min −1 ) is 215.7, 7.3 and 1.3 times much larger than that of NCQDs (0.00051 min −1 ), TiO 2 (0.015 min −1 ), and CQDs/TiO 2 (0.086 min −1 ), respectively. The functions of NCQDs were discussed and a new synergistic photosensitized mechanism was proposed for the degradation of RhB on the as-synthesized NCQDs/TiO 2 nanocomposites based on the experimental results. NCQDs were also applied as metal-free sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) for the first time. A preliminary study shows that under one sun illumination (AM 1.5), the open circuit voltage and fill factor values reach 0.46 V and 43%, respectively, achieving a power conversion efficiency of 0.13% in the proof-of-concept TiO 2 -based DSSCs device. The performance of NCQDs sensitized solar cells surpasses that of N-free counterpart as well. N-doping lowered the work function of CQDs, which was responsible for enhanced photocatalytic activity of NCQDs/TiO 2 and better NCQDs sensitized TiO 2 -based solar cell performance.
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MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
·
2013
·
IF 2.072
Wenkai Chang,Fujian Xu,Xueyan Mu,Lili Ji,Guiping Ma,Kemin Wang,Jun Nie
Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) thin films with porous structures have been successfully achieved by photopolymerization stimulating the particle dispersion combined TiO 2 colloid with photoinitiator and monomer. The photopolymerization monomer Pentaerythritol Triacrylate (PETA) and photoinitiator 2-Hydroxy-2-methyl-propiophenone (HMPP) are added to the TiO 2 colloidal solution to form the new colloidal TiO 2 dispersion. After coating the dispersion on the substrate, the coating is cured with UV light. With the evaporation of solvent and the formation of microgels induced by polymerization, a phase separation occurs in the system. A porous TiO 2 film with various pore sizes from mesoporous to macroporous could be produced after heat treatment. The morphology and size of pores could be tuned by changing the process of phase separation, which is controlled by the composition of colloidal TiO 2 dispersion. The content of photoinitiator and the temperature of heat treatment were decided by UV–vis absorption spectra and thermal analysis (DTA–TGA), respectively; Real-Time Fourier-transform infrared (RT-FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) were used to characterize the TiO 2 films. The as-prepared TiO 2 porous films exhibited higher photocatalytic activity for degradation methylene blue in comparison with conventional TiO 2 dense film due to its porous structure.
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APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE
·
2015
·
IF 2.467
Yingying Shi,Zewei Yang,Bing Wang,Hao An,Zezhi Chen,Hao Cui
A palygorskite (Pal)-supported Cu 2 O–TiO 2 heterojunction composite (Cu 2 O–TiO 2 –Pal) was successfully prepared. The morphology, structure and chemical composition of the composite was characterized, and the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride using this composite was also investigated. The results showed that a layer of TiO 2 − Cu 2 O was successfully loaded on the surface of Pal. The Cu 2 O–TiO 2 –Pal composite had a specific surface area of 93 m 2 ·g − 1 , mesoporous features, and a uniform slit channel. The composite possessed twofold removal ability to TC, including adsorptive capability for the separation and solar-light illuminate photocatalytic in degradation. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cu 2 O–TiO 2 –Pal for TC was 113.6 mg·g − 1 at 20 °C as calculated by the Langmuir model. The pseudo-first-order degradation rate constant of 50 mL of TC with an initial concentration of 30 mg·L − 1 reached 0.0129 min − 1 when the Cu 2 O–TiO 2 –Pal concentration was 1.0 g·L − 1 . The total removal rate of TC reached 88.81% in the presence of Cu 2 O–TiO 2 –Pal. In addition, the composite could be regenerated by calcination at 400 °C and recycled more than three times, which is useful for practical applications.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2016
·
IF 4.803
Kexin Tang,Yuping Li,Hongbin Cao,Chunlei Su,Zisheng Zhang,Yi Zhang
In this study, the effects of titanium oxycompound templates on carbon nanofibers electrodes for supercapacitors application were investigated. Meanwhile, hybrid titanium that contains organic and inorganic titanium templates acted as another modification method. The organic and inorganic titanium oxycompounds referred to titanium (IV) oxy-acetylacetonate and titanium dioxide nanopowder, respectively. The morphology structure, and electrochemical properties of the three composite electrodes (TiO 2 @CNFs, OCTi@CNFs, HybTi@CNFs) were studied. Hierarchical pore structure with specific surface area of 697 m 2 g −1 was achieved in HybTi@CNFs, in which TiO 2 revealed amorphous, tetragonal rutile and anatase structure. The electron charge transfer resistance and specific capacitance of HybTi@CNFs were calculated to be 0.34 Ω and 280.3 F g −1 (at current density of 1 A g −1 ), respectively. After 4000 cycles with galvanostatic charge/discharge, HybTi@CNFs can maintain 97.5% of its initial capacitance under 8 A g −1 in a symmetric two-electrode system (6 M KOH). These results indicate that OCTi@CNFs is superior to TiO 2 @CNFs, and HybTi@CNFs has combined the advantages of OCTi@CNFs and TiO 2 @CNFs, suggesting HybTi@CNFs is an excellent electrode material for supercapacitors.
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ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
·
2016
·
IF 2.478
Zuo-Bin Qin,Liang Tan,Zhao-Qing Liu,Shuang Chen,Ji-Hua Qin,Jie-Jian Tang,Nan Li
The ultrafine TiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) have been successfully prepared through a facile one-pot hydrothermal approach by stearic acid modification. The as-prepared ultrafine TiO 2 NPs with average particle size of 5.9 nm have been fabricated into oil-based nanofluids, which exhibit significantly enhanced thermal conductivity and long term stability. The maximum thermal conductivity enhancement of about 44.6% was achieved at 25 °C with the 0.05% volume fraction of TiO 2 NPs. The effect of nanoparticle loading and temperature on the thermal conductivity of the nanofluids was also carefully investigated.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2016
·
IF 2.567
Xiang Lv,Fengquan Gao,Yong Yang,Tianhe Wang
We report a simple but novel technique to prepare chemically durable TiO2/Ag films on FTO substrates via coating of P25 TiO2 with colloidal silica as a high temperature binder and subsequent electrochemical deposition of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The porous nanostructure facilitated implantation of AgNPs by electrochemical deposition. Extensive measurements on photocatalytic activities of the films prepared under varied conditions showed that TiO2/Ag enhanced MB degradation. Possible mechanisms of such enhancement were discussed in terms of delayed recombination of photogenerated electrons/holes via Schottky barriers and beneficial effects of Surface Plasmon. Experimental results of both electrochemical impedance spectra and transient photocurrent responses on the films supported the observed photocatalytic enhancement by TiO2/Ag heterostructures. The study offers an effective technique to implant uniformly dispersed AgNPs around 3 nm in size within a porous structure and may also provide a strategy for preparations of other functional films on FTO substrates.
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MATERIALS & DESIGN
·
2015
·
IF 3.501
Xinkun Shen,Fei Zhang,Ke Li,Chenhu Qin,Pingping Ma,Liangliang Dai,Kaiyong Cai
Bacterial infection, a common issue related to orthopedic implantation, is regarded as the second dominant factor resulting in implantation failure. To address the issue, the study reports a novel antibacterial titanium substrate against hyaluronidase secreting bacterium of Staphylococcus aureus , which was fabricated by employing TiO 2 nanotubes (TNTs) to load cecropin B (CecB), and then coating with hyaluronidase sensitive multilayers of chitosan/sodium hyaluronic-cecropin B [(Chi/SH–CecB) 5 ] onto the titanium surfaces via layer by layer technique (TNT–CecB–LBLc). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FITR) and nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) characterizations proved the successful synthesis of SH–CecB. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), fluorescence microscopy and water contact angle measurements verified the formation of multilayers onto CecB loaded titanium substrates. The presence of S. aureus and/or exogenous hyaluronidase effectively triggered the degradation of multilayers, thus facilitating the release of CecB from TNTs. The antibacterial evaluations proved that TNT–CecB–LBLc substrates had good early (4 h) and long term (72 h) antibactericidal capacity against both S. aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis . Moreover, the cellular tests displayed that TNT–CecB–LBLc substrates had relatively good cytocompatibility for osteoblasts, even co-culture with S. aureus . The study provides new insight into the development of bacteria-mediated antibacterial implants for orthopedic application .
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