PHYTOMEDICINE
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2026
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IF 11.3
Wen-Biao Zu,Zhao-Jie Wang,Dong-Mei Tang,Qin-Yu Lu,Yan-Yan Zhu,Zhong-Shun Zhou,Mei-Zhen Wei,Xiao-Dong Luo
Background Fungal diseases affect over one billion individuals worldwide and represent a significant public health concern. Oral candidiasis (OC) is a common fungal infection primarily caused by Candida albicans. Eriocapitella rivularis is a traditional medicinal herb for the treatment of oral fungal infections. Purpose This study aimed to identify potent antifungal compounds from E. rivularis and elucidate their underlying mechanisms of action. Methods Bio-guided isolation combined with network pharmacology was used to identify anti- C. albicans compounds from E. rivularis , followed by metabolomics analysis to explore potential regulatory pathways. Antifungal activity and synergistic efficacy were evaluated using broth microdilution, checkerboard, and time-kill assays. Biofilm inhibition was assessed through quantitative and biochemical analyses. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to elucidate molecular mechanisms. An in vivo murine OC model was employed to verify efficacy. Results Prosapogenin CP4 disrupted the fungal cell wall, targeted ergosterol to induce plasma membrane permeabilization, inactivated mitochondrial function, and inhibited hyphal growth, potentially through interference with ABC transporters, modulation of cAMP export, and induction of metabolic disorders. Prosapogenin CP4 and ursolic acid exhibited a synergistic inhibitory effect against fluconazole-resistant C. albicans (FICI = 0.375) with low resistance. This combination regulated genes in the Ras/cAMP/PKA signalling pathway, significantly inhibited biofilm formation and reduced fungal burden, inflammatory responses, and fungal colonisation in murine oral tissues, with efficacy comparable or superior to that of nystatin. Conclusion The finding presents a synergistic phytomedicine strategy using two triterpenoids from E. rivularis as a promising therapeutic approach for OC, particularly biofilm-associated infections.
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LANGMUIR
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2026
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IF 4.4
Yudan Chai,Bin Wang,Jun Xu,Jian Zhang
Microbial lipases are versatile biocatalysts that are essential for hydrolyzing ester bonds in triglycerides. Among these enzymes, Pseudomonas cepacia lipase (PCL) possesses a canonical lid domain, whereas Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) features a rigid lid-like structure. Understanding how these different structures catalyze mechanisms differently at the interface is crucial. Experimental assays demonstrated high activity for both enzymes in aqueous systems, but CALB exhibited lower activity than PCL in biphasic water–organic solvent systems. Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to investigate the conformational dynamics and interfacial interactions. The results reveal that the PCL undergoes polarity-induced conformational changes leading to channel shortening and bottleneck widening, thereby facilitating substrate access. In contrast, CALB retains a rigid architecture with fixed distances between the lid-like region and the catalytic triad, thereby limiting interfacial adaptability. PCL further employs a lid-mediated adsorption mechanism that enhances interfacial binding and exposes hydrophobic residues. Conversely, CALB relies on an active-site-oriented approach with a weaker interfacial affinity. Additionally, the aqueous environment promotes lid closure in lipase PCL by stabilizing hydrogen bond networks and inducing conformational shifts in key flexible regions. This study elucidates polarity-driven interfacial activation mechanisms distinguishing lid-containing and lid-like lipases, offering atomistic insights for rational lipase engineering in nonaqueous environments.
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BMC MICROBIOLOGY
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2025
·Vol. 25
·期 1
·1-10
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IF 4.2
An Lulu,Huang Xiaowen,Zhong Meizhen,Wu Jiaan,Liu Mei,Geng Liqian,Li Yongyong,Wang Xiuli,Yang Lianjuan,Tan Jingwen
Despite the widespread use of fluconazole (FLC) in treating Candida infections, the emergence of drug resistance has become an increasing concern. Our earlier studies showing synergism between minocycline (Min) and azoles were limited by Min’s high required concentrations exceeding clinically achievable plasma levels. To overcome this limitation, we engineered novel bovine serum albumin (BSA)-encapsulated minocycline nanoparticles (Min-NPs). Then we evaluated the physicochemical properties such as size, potential, particle stability, drug loading and toxicity to make sure their efficacy and safety. Using checkerboard dilution assays, we demonstrated that Min-NPs significantly enhanced azole activity against Candida species at substantially lower Min concentrations than previously required. For C. albicans and N. glabrata , under a certain concentration of FLC, the concentration of Min-NPs required to reach 50% MIC is less than 4 µg/mL. When tested in a murine model of systemic candidiasis, Min-NPs combined with FLC showed superior therapeutic efficacy compared to conventional Min and FLC combinations. In summary, the modification of this formulation can enhance the synergistic efficacy of Min, thereby enabling its potential application as an adjunctive therapy for drug-resistant Candida infections. Clinical trial number. Not applicable.
研究领域:
药剂学
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抗菌药物
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纳米医学
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医学微生物学
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传染病
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药理学
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ACS Omega
·
2025
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IF 4.3
Haonan Li,Huijuan Huang,Sijia Xu,Hongmei Tian,Hui Xin,Xuan Zou,Ziquan Lv,Xiangjie Yao,Yinghua Xu,Xiaobao Jin,Shuiqing Gui,Xuemei Lu
Candida vaginitis (CV) is the most common fungal infection among gynecological diseases, caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans). Traditional treatment for CV has led to increased antibiotic resistance, complicating treatment and indiscriminately killing both pathogens and beneficial bacteria in the vagina. Additionally, the inconvenience of traditional vaginal administration and the short residence time of treatments pose significant challenges. We developed a safe and effective combination drug delivery platform featuring magnetic bilayer gel microspheres to combine antibacterial properties and maintain the balance of the microbial community. This platform was characterized through a series of in vitro tests evaluating its dissolution, adherence, and retention properties, graded slow release, and antimicrobial effects. In vivo studies using CV mice models were conducted to assess antifungal properties, microecological regulation, magnetic residency, safety, and other related aspects. The results demonstrated that the material effectively inhibits the growth of C. albicans. It also increases the drug’s residence time in the body and successfully releases probiotics, thereby improving vaginal microecology and promoting the recovery of inflammation to normal levels. These findings suggest a novel therapeutic approach for managing C. albicans vaginitis.
研究领域:
药学
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微生物学
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妇科学
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
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IF 9.7
Shuo Zou,Jiena Chen,Yee-Ying Lee,Yong Wang,Zhen Zhang
Partial acylglycerols are valued for their emulsifying and stabilizing properties, yet precise green synthesis remains challenging due to low yield and selectivity. This study aimed to elucidate the “lipase selectivity-substrate structure-product composition” relationship to enhance the yield of targeted partial acylglycerol. The results showed that lipase exhibited a greater selectivity towards fatty acids with shorter chain lengths and higher unsaturation. Hydroxyl donors also affected the esterification process, with the enzyme-acyl complex exhibiting selectivity towards hydroxyl donors as follows: glycerol > monoacylglycerol > diacylglycerol. Substrate ratio significantly influenced enzymatic reactions; a 10:1 ratio favored triacylglycerol formation (>80 %), while a 1:1 ratio produced > 90 % partial acylglycerols. Molecular docking simulations revealed that substrates primarily interacted with lipase through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. A comprehensive understanding of lipase selectivity patterns could facilitate the design of more efficient reaction systems, enabling the conversion of basic lipid resources into desired high value-added products.
研究领域:
生物化学
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生物催化
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绿色化学
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分子生物学
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PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY
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2021
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IF 3.757
Fang-Ying Zhu,Jia Zhong,Qi Shen,Dong-Xu Jia,Shi-Jin Ma,Jun Du,Hui Wu,Qing Yang,Min Cao,Zhi-Qiang Liu,Yu-Guo Zheng
d -(+)-pantothenic acid (DPA) has been widely used in feed and food additives and pharmaceutical industries. d -(−)-pantolactone ( D PL) is a key intermediate in the production of DPA . The bio-asymmetric synthesis of D PL from ketopantoyl lactone (KPL) by conjugated polyketone reductases is an attractive route. In this study, high expression of a conjugated polyketone reductase from Candida glabrata ( Cgl CPR) in Escherichia coli was achieved after optimization of vectors. The optimum temperature and pH of purified Cgl CPR were 40 °C and 4.5, respectively. The Michaelis-Menten constant K m and V max of purified Cgl CPR for KPL are 73.09 μM and 2.29 μmol mg −1 s −1 , respectively. To circumvent the spontaneous degradation of KPL in biocatalytic reaction of synthesizing DPL, the reaction was performed by a strategy combing fed-batch addition of whole cell catalyst with substrate semi-continuous feeding. At the final KPL loading of 1000 mM, DPL with an isolated yield of 94.24 % was obtained after 13-h reaction and enantiomeric excess ( e.e. ) achieved > 99 %. The space-time yield of DPL reached to 228 g L −1 d −1 .
研究领域:
生物技术
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生物化学
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酶学
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药学
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ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY
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2014
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IF 2.966
Chuan-Yang Shang,Wei-Xun Li,Rui-Feng Zhang
ZnO nanowires were successfully introduced into a macroporous SiO 2 by in situ hydrothermal growth in 3D pores. The obtained composites were characterized by SEM and XRD, and used as supports to immobilize Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) through adsorption. The high specific surface area (233 m 2 /g) and strong electrostatic interaction resulted that the average loading amount of the composite supports (196.8 mg/g) was 3–4 times of that of macroporous SiO 2 and approximate to that of a silica-based mesoporous material. Both adsorption capacity and the activity of the CALB immobilized on the composite supports almost kept unchanged as the samples were soaked in buffer solution for 48 h. The chiral resolution of 2-octanol was catalyzed by immobilized CALB. A maximum molar conversion of 49.1% was achieved with 99% enantiomeric excess of ( R )-2-octanol acetate under the optimal condition: a reaction using 1.0 mol/L ( R , S )-2-octanol, 2.0 mol/L vinyl acetate and 4.0 wt.% water content at 60 °C for 8 h. After fifteen recycles the immobilized lipase could retain 96.9% of relative activity and 93.8% of relative enantioselectivity .
研究领域:
生物化学
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材料科学
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催化工程
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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2017
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IF 4.9
Rui Zhang,Yang Liu,Xinran Huang,Mengchen Xu,Rutao Liu,Wansong Zong
The extensive use of surfactants in food, laundry products and agriculture has caused concern about their biosafety. However, few studies have been done on their potential effect on the lipase which has always been used with surfactants in food and laundry industry. Herein, we investigated the interaction of three surfactants (sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), sodium lauryl sulfonate (SLS)) with Candida rugosa lipase (CRL), which is a popular biocatalyst used regularly with surfactants. The effect of the three surfactants on the conformation and activity of CRL was evaluated by using multiple spectral methods, enzyme activity assay and molecular docking modeling. The results demonstrated that CRL interacted with SDS, SDBS and SLS primarily through hydrophobic forces, H-bonding and electrostatic forces, respectively. The binding constants (K A ) of SDBS with CRL varied with temperature: 1.99 × 10 3 mol/L at 298 K and 4.13 × 10 3 mol/L at 318 K. SDS and SDBS affected the secondary structure and skeleton of CRL, which changed the polarity of CRL and enhanced its activity. SLS also changed the secondary structure and activity of CRL moderately, but had little effect on its polarity and chromophore microenvironment. Accordingly, all three surfactants exhibited effect to CRL on the molecular level calling for more attention to pay on their biosafety. The work demonstrates that SDS, SDBS and SLS could cause negative effects to CRL from different angles and therefore are not bio-friendly detergents.
研究领域:
生物化学
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分子生物学
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酶学
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环境科学
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Food Bioscience
·
2023
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IF 5.2
Kaiyong Yao,Qile Xia,Yan Cao,Bindan Chen,Jie Cai,Chenxing Liu
Yellow wine lees (YWL) are the main byproduct in the yellow wine brewing and can be used as animal feed. The deficiencies in fiber digestibility and amino acid equilibrium of YWL limited its utility value in animal feeding. The nutritional profile of YWL could be moderated after fermentation treatment. We fermented YWL with Candida utilis KF01 and Bacillus subtilis KF02, whose genomes were sequenced. We set three groups in the animal test with 15 Holstein cows : control, YWL, and fermented yellow wine lees (FYWL) group. 206 and 5 amino acid metabolism-related KEGG pathways, as well as 5257 (639 GO and 4618 eggNOG annotations) and 1579 (372 GO and 1207 eggNOG annotations) amino acid metabolism-related gene annotations were found in C. utilis KF01 and B. subtilis KF02. The collected milk samples were analyzed for composition. The contents of mono-unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA, 36.90% relative content), poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA, 5.63% relative content), and essential amino acid (EAA, 2.01%) in the FYWL group milk were significantly (P < 0.05) higher. The content of flavor substances in the FYWL group (146.33 ng/mL) was the highest, followed by the control (89.19 ng/mL) and the YWL group (41.36 ng/mL). The principal component analysis (PCA) result presented the intra-group variations in flavor substances and differences in single substance among all groups. Feeding FYWL had significant effects (P < 0.05) in the Holstein cows on the milk composition.
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BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN
·
2021
·Vol. 44
·期 3
·305-315
·
IF 2.233
Xin Yang,Zejun Pei,Renjing Hu,Zhehao Zhang,Zaixiang Lou,Xin Sun
In order to prevent and control the infection of Candida albicans, the antifungal activity, possible mechanism of myriocin against C. albicans and its biofilm were studied. The antifungal activity of myriocin was investigated by microdilution method. The effect of myriocin on fungal cell wall or membrane was evaluated by adding sorbitol, ergosterol or phytosphingosine (PHS). The damage to the cell membrane was investigated with propidium iodide (PI) staining and visualized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effects on biofilms and extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) were observed by crystal violet staining method and phenol-sulfuric acid method respectively. The adhesion of C. albicans cells to hydrocarbons was tested to evaluate cell surface hydrophobic (CSH). The combined effects of myriocin and antifungal drugs commonly used in clinical practice were investigated by using the checkerboard microdilution method. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were found to be 0.125–4 µg/mL. Myriocin was found to affect both cell wall and cell membrane. After exposure to myriocin, biofilm and EPS were found to be inhibited and removed, and the CSH was decreased. The combined fungistasis of myriocin and voriconazole (VCZ) or amphotericin B (AMB) were additive. Myriocin had significant antifungal activity against C. albicans, and the antifungal mechanisms might be cell wall and membrane damage. Myriocin effectively inhibited and eliminated biofilms, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of EPS and CSH.
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JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
·
2021
·Vol. 101
·期 13
·5645-5651
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IF 3.639
Linzi Yang,Xueli Li,Yunhao Lu,Yuanping Lv,Yuanlong Chi,Qiang He
BACKGROUND Esters are indispensable aroma compounds and contribute significantly to the fruity aromas in fermented condiments. The ester synthesis activity and pathways of Bacillus licheniformis , Candida etchellsii, and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, isolated from Chinese horse bean chili-paste (CHCP), were investigated. Chemical buffer models containing esterification and alcoholysis systems inoculated with extracellular extracts of these three strains were established. RESULTS The ester synthesis activity of C. etchellsii was stronger than that of the other two strains. Zygosaccharomyces rouxii could synthesize acetate esters via esterification, whereas the biosynthesis pathways of B. licheniformis and C. etchellsii were esterification and alcoholysis. Esterification exhibited relatively high activity at pH 4, whereas alcoholysis activity improved with an increase in the pH from 4 to 8. Candida etchellsii could synthesize C 6 –C 8 of acetate esters, and its activity improved with the number of alcohol carbon atoms. These three strains could synthesize C 10 –C 18 of ethyl esters. Their ethyl ester synthesis activity decreased with the aliphatic acid carbon number. CONCLUSION Candida etchellsii has the potential to be used in CHCP fermentation to accumulate esters and improve flavor compared with the other two strains. This research is helpful in explaining the mechanism of ester synthesis in fermented condiments. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2023
·
IF 5.9
Jiawei Lu,Ying-Nan Li,Youran Li,Huilin Zhu,Guiyang Shi
The reusability of immobilized lipases, including their hydrolysis activity, is greatly affected by lipase leakage, mass transfer channel blockage, and compound deposition on the outside surface. In this study, Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) was immobilized on Fe3O4 nanoparticle-polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite magnetic beads through phase inversion (L/FP). The hydrolysis activity of lipase was investigated using p-nitrophenyl palmitate (p-npp) as a model ester. To overcome the limitations of immobilized lipase in ester hydrolysis, three modification strategies were employed. First, lipase was covalently immobilized on Fe3O4 nanoparticles modified with methallyl (M9) and chloro (M13) silane modifiers, which exhibited faster immobilization with reduced lipase leaching and higher activity expression and stability. Second, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG6000) and polylactic acid (PLA) were added to the precursors to physically modify the composite structures of L/FP, resulting in modified beads with larger specific surface area (15.26 m2·g–1) and smaller average pore size (19 nm). The modified beads, L/FP-9-M and L/FP-13-M, demonstrated superior reusability in long-term hydrolysis activity over 250 cycles. L/FP-9-M retained 63 and 34% of the initial activity at the 100th cycle and the 250th cycle, respectively. L/FP-13-M retained 55 and 36% of the initial activity at the 100th cycle and the 250th cycle, respectively. Furthermore, even after 250 repeated uses, the unit activities (U·gsupport–1) of both L/FP-9-M and L/FP-13-M remained higher than the initial activity of Novo 435.
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