JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
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2020
·
IF 7.183
Chang Liu,Yun-Peng An,Jing Yang,Bian-Bian Guo,Hao-Hao Yu,Zhi-Kang Xu
An emerging challenge occurs for recovering ionic liquids (ILs) because of their exponential growth in academic and industrial applications. We report for the first time to reclaim water-soluble ILs from their aqueous solutions by osmotically driving water to spontaneously permeate through semi-permeable membranes. Theoretical simulation indicates a weak hydrability of ILs and a tendency to form micelles in water. We thus demonstrate a significant difference in osmotic pressures between the aqueous solutions of ILs and inorganic salts. Four categories of broadly representative ILs are continuously recovered from their diluent aqueous solutions (~1 wt %) with semi-permeable membranes. Eventually, a record-high concentration up to 58–78 wt % is achieved in this work. Our strategy integrates superiorities of low energy consumption, universal applicability toward ILs, diversified selection of semi-permeable membranes, almost unattenuated water flux and high rejection to ions, hopefully providing new insights into the authentic “green” industrial applications of ILs.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2019
·
IF 6.044
Lifang Hu,Hong Peng,Yu Zhang,Qi Xia,Hongwei He,Roger Ruan,Yuhuan Liu,Aihong Liu
Herein, six ionic liquids (ILs) with different cations and the same anion of acetate (Ac − ) were used to dissolve arabinoxylan. These ILs included N-methylimidazolium acetate (HmimAc), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EmimAc), 1-hydroxyethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (HOemimAc), 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (PrmimAc), 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (AmimAc), and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (BmimAc). The solubilities of arabinoxylan in these ILs were determined, and the dissolution mechanism was explained using 1 H and 13 C NMR techniques. The solubilities of arabinoxylan in the ILs were in the order: BmimAc > EmimAc > AmimAc > PrmimAc > HOemimAc > HmimAc. Both the cation and Ac − played an important role in the solubilization of arabinoxylan, but Ac − performed the major factor. The structure of cation greatly affected the hydrogen bond accepting ability of Ac − . Increasing the mass ratio of arabinoxylan to ILs resulted in stronger hydrogen bond between arabinoxylan and the ILs. Both the solubility and the strength of hydrogen-bonding interaction between arabinoxylan and the ILs decreased in the recycled ILs because of the impurities remained.
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JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2019
·
IF 4.561
Guowei Wang,Xiaoqing Xu,Yu Sun,Linghua Zhuang,Cheng Yao
Three ester-containing gemini imidazolium surface active ionic liquids [1,4-bis(1-alkyl-oxypropyl-imidazolium)-butane dichloride], abbreviated as [peC n Bim 2 ]Cl 2 ( n = 12, 14, 16), were synthesized from imidazole , 1,4-dibromobutane, 1-chloro-3-propanol, and various aliphatic carboxylic acids. Chemical structures of [peC n Bim 2 ]Cl 2 were confirmed by H-Nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , and elemental analysis . Thermal properties of [peC n Bim 2 ]Cl 2 were studied with Thermogravimetric analysis and Differential scanning calorimetry . The micellization parameters, adsorption/aggregation properties, and thermodynamic parameters of [peC n Bim 2 ]Cl 2 were demonstrated using tensiometry, electrical conductivity. Critical micelle concentration values of [peC n Bim 2 ]Cl 2 aqueous solutions decreased with increasing the alkyl chain length (from C12 to C16). The formation of micelles was spontaneous, exothermic, and entropy-driven. Using OECD 301D, the aerobic biodegradation of nine gemini imidazolium SAILs ([peC n Bim 2 ]Cl 2 , [C n Pim 2 ]Br 2 , and [C n Bim 2 ]Br 2 ) and three monoimidazolium SAILs ([C n IM]Br) were systematically investigated to determine the relationship between biodegradation and structural elements of imidazolium SAILs. Aerobic biodegradation of twelve SAILs followed the decreasing trend: [peC n Bim 2 ]Cl 2 > [C n Pim 2 ]Br 2 > [C n IM]Br > [C n Bim 2 ]Br 2 . Gemini imidazolium SAILs with ester functional group ([C n Pim 2 ]Br 2 and [peC n Bim 2 ]Cl 2 ) showed much higher biodegradation rates than those of [C n IM]Br and [C n Bim 2 ]Br 2 . The location of ester group played an obvious role on biodegradation. Gemini SAILs containing ester group in the side alkyl chains ([peC n Bim 2 ]Cl 2 ) showed much higher biodegradation ratio than those of [C n Pim 2 ]Br 2 (ester functional group in spacer). [peC n Bim 2 ]Cl 2 could be classified as readily biodegradable. The biodegradability of gemini imidazolium SAILs increased with increasing the alkyl chain length.
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ChemSusChem
·
2019
·Vol. 12
·期 6
·1169-1178
·
IF 7.804
Wei Qian,Xin Tan,Qian Su,Weiguo Cheng,Fei Xu,Li Dong,Suojiang Zhang
Graphical Ecofriendly catalysts : The ionic liquids [P 66614 ][4-R-Phen] (R=H, F, Cl, Br, I) with weak alkalinity can activate not only isosorbide but also dimethyl carbonate, thereby achieving the more reactive isosorbide-based polycarbonate precursor dicarboxymethyl isosorbide with high selectivity. This strategy may allow the development of other ionic liquids for transesterification reactions, providing various polymers through a green synthetic pathway. Green synthesis of high-molecular-weight isosorbide-based polycarbonate (PIC) with excellent properties is a tremendous challenge and is profoundly influenced by the precursor. Herein, an ecofriendly catalyst was employed to obtain the more reactive PIC precursor dicarboxymethyl isosorbide (DC) with 99.0 % selectivity through the transesterification reaction of isosorbide with dimethyl carbonate. This is the indispensable stage of a one-pot green synthesis of PIC, playing a critical role in giving an insight into the polymerization mechanism of polymer synthesis through the melt transesterification reaction. To this end, a series of 4-substituted phenolate ionic liquids (ILs) were developed as a new type of high-efficiency catalyst for this reaction. These homogeneous ILs exhibited outstanding catalytic performances. The DC selectivity increased gradually with decreasing IL basicity; among the ILs studied, trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium 4-iodophenolate ([P 66614 ][4-I-Phen]) showed the highest catalytic activity. Additionally, according to the experimental results and DFT calculations, a plausible nucleophilic activation mechanism was proposed, which confirmed that the reaction is activated through the formation of H-bonds and electrostatic interactions with the IL catalyst. This strategy of tunable basicity and structure of anions in ILs affords an opportunity to develop other ILs for the transesterification reaction, thereby conveniently providing a variety of polymers through a green synthetic pathway.
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Chemistry-An Asian Journal
·
2019
·Vol. 14
·期 12
·2122-2128
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IF 3.698
Zhenyuan Wang,Guangxing Pan,Binshen Wang,Ling Zhang,Weiwei Zhao,Xing Ma,Jichuan Zhang,Jiaheng Zhang
Graphical Alternative hypergolic fuels : A family of novel azide-functionalized cation-based hypergolic ionic liquids were designed and synthesized from cost-effective materials. These ionic liquids displayed excellent properties including low melting points, high thermal stability, low viscosities, and unique hypergolic reactivity, demonstrating their promise as potential alternative hypergolic fuels to toxic and volatile hydrazine derivatives. Hypergolic ionic liquids (ILs) have shown a great promise as viable replacements for toxic and volatile hydrazine derivatives used as propellant fuels, and hence, have attracted increasing interest over the last decade. To take advantage of the reactivity and high energy density of the azido group, a family of low-cost and easily prepared azide-functionalized cation-based ILs, including fuel-rich anions, such as nitrate, dicyanamide, and nitrocyanamide anions, were synthesized and characterized. All the dicyanamide- and nitrocyanamide-based ILs exhibited spontaneous combustion upon contact with 100 % HNO 3 . The densities of these hypergolic ILs varied in the range 1.11–1.29 g cm −3 , and the density-specific impulse, predicted based on Gaussian 09 calculations, was between 289.9 and 344.9 s g cm −3 . The values of these two key physical properties are much higher than those of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH). Among the studied compounds, compound IL-3b, that is, 1-(2-azidoethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium dicyanamide, shows excellent integrated properties including the lowest viscosity (30.9 M Pa s), wide liquid operating range (−70 to 205 °C), shortest ignition-delay time (7 ms) with 100 % HNO 3 , and superior density specific impulse (302.5 s g cm −3 ), suggesting promising applications with potential as bipropellant formulations.
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JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
·
2019
·Vol. 319
·期 3
·1219-1225
·
IF 1.186
Dai Ying,Cao Bin,Zhong Shimin,Xie Guanbao,Wang Youqun,Liu Yuhui,Zhang Zhibin,Liu Yunhai,Cao Xiaohong
Comparing with the traditionally immiscible two-phase extraction, the homogeneous liquid–liquid extraction technique shows potential in industrial separation engineering due to nearly infinite contact interface. In this work the ionic liquid (IL) compounds such as N -(carboxymethyl)- N , N -dimethylethanaminium bis-trifluoromethane-sulfonimide ([DHbet][Tf 2 N]) and N -(carboxyethyl)-trimethylammonium bistrifluoromethane-sulfonimide ([THbet][Tf 2 N]) were synthesized. The homogeneous extraction behaviors of europium with two ILs were studied as functions of solution pH, ionic strength, contact time, and initial europium concentration. The results indicated that both homogeneous extractions were dependent on pH and independent on ionic strength. The extraction capacities for [DHbet][Tf 2 N] and [THbet][Tf 2 N] were 3.29 mmol/L and 3.16 mmol/L, respectively. ILs could be recovered using 1.0 M hydrochloric acid. The mole-ratio method indicated the formation of a mononuclear complex between the europium ion and IL. Total europium extraction efficiencies of more than 91% for [DHbet][Tf 2 N] and more than 90% for [THbet][Tf 2 N] were obtained by quadruple-stage countercurrent extraction. The result proves the feasibility of the homogeneous liquid–liquid extraction technique as an alternative option for europium separation from aquatic solution.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2020
·
IF 7.632
Rongxing Qiu,Xiaoyan Luo,Le Yang,Jiaran Li,Xiaoyan Chen,Cheng Peng,Jinqing Lin
In this work, flexible hydrogen-bonded frameworks composed of amino pyridinium-based protic ionic liquids (ILs) marked as [X-PyH][Tf2N] were designed as NH3 absorption agents. Interestingly, NH3 absorption isotherm of these ILs present sigmoidal absorption isotherm (S mode), and the threshold pressure (TP) decreases from 75 to 6 mbar with the tunable of hydrogen bonded frameworks by varying the substituted group X. Combined with XRD characterizations, Fourier transform infrared and 1H NMR spectroscopies, thermometric analyses, and theory calculations, it indicates NH3 fixed by these ILs via acid–base interaction as well as hydrogen bonding based on the activation of sites through the fracture of the hydrogen-bonded frameworks, which would reform along with heat release when NH3 desorption. Therefore, S mode NH3 absorption with [3NH2-PyH][Tf2N] presents low TP of 6 mbar (6000 ppm) at 30 °C, and its NH3 capacity increases sharply and followed by a continuous increase to 3.85 mol/mol IL (175 mg/g IL) at 1.0 bar, which is higher than that of the reported ILs. The fixed NH3 could be desorbed completely in vacuum at 80 °C and 1 mbar. [3NH2-PyH][Tf2N] maintained its high capacity within 20 time recycles. The sigmoidal NH3 absorption would be considered as one of the potential approaches for its simultaneous efficient absorption and energy-saving separation at low concentrations.
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FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
·
2018
·
IF 3.956
Jingyuan Wang,Luhong Zhang,Yongli Sun,Bin Jiang,Yang Chen,Xiang Gao,Huawei Yang
In this work, novel Lewis acidic ionic liquids [ODBU]Cl/nZnCl 2 (n = 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) with alkylated 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) cation and ZnCl 2 -based complex anion have been developed and utilized in extraction combined with oxidative desulfurization (ECODS) of both model oil and diesel fuel with hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 , 30 wt%) as an oxidant. It was observed that the ECODS performance could be effectively optimized by the change of ZnCl 2 proportion. Some important reaction parameters such as reaction temperature, molar ratio of O/S, mass ratio of IL/oil and sulfide species were systematically investigated. Furthermore, the ILs could be reused for at least six cycles without noticeable changes in desulfurization performance as well as its chemical structure, thus revealing its good reusability . Finally, [ODBU]Cl/3ZnCl 2 was employed in the ECODS of a hydrogenated diesel, the S-content could be reduced from 559.7 ppm to 4.8 ppm with 99.2% sulfur removal via a one-step process under mild conditions.
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JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2019
·
IF 4.561
Xiaoqing Yuan,Zhiyong Li,Ying Feng,Yuanchao Pei,Huiyong Wang,Diandian Liu,Dayu Wang,Jianji Wang
At present, it is still a challenge for reversible regulation of phase behavior and microstructure of microemulsions with less energy input and no composition change of the system. Photo-responsive microemulsions provide a potential way to solve these problems. In this work, 10 kinds of photo-responsive ionic liquids (ILs) with azobenzene group were used as photo-responsive surfactants to form microemulsions with water and some alcohols. Factors affecting the phase behavior and sub-regions of microemulsions, such as chemical structure of the ILs, temperature, alcohols properties and UV irradiation , were studied by conductivity, small-angle X-ray scattering, dynamic light scattering and cryo-TEM techniques. It was found that azobenzene-based ILs with a more hydrophilic head group and a shorter alkyl spacer length were favor of the formation of the microemulsions. The phase behavior of the microemulsions only slightly changed after UV irradiation, however, the area of O/W and bi-continuous sub-regions of the microemulsion could be regulated by UV irradiation. At the same time, droplets size increased after UV light irradiation , and could be restored close to the initial value by alternative vis-light irradiation.
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JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2018
·
IF 4.513
Xuezhi Dai,Xiaolian Qiang,Jinghang Li,Tian Yao,Zhixia Wang,Hang Song
A series of magnetic ionic liquids surfactants (MILSs) containing alkyltrimethylammonium fragment {dodecyltrimethylammonium bromotrichloroferrate (III) ([DTA][FeCl 3 Br]), tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromotrichloroferrate (III) ([TTA][FeCl 3 Br]), cethyltrimethylammonium bromotrichloroferrate (III) ([CTA][FeCl 3 Br]), and stearyltrimethylammonium bromotrichloroferrate (III) ([STA][FeCl 3 Br])} were synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, Raman and MS (ESI) spectra. The physical properties including thermal stability, density and magnetic susceptibility were determined, which revealed that the MILSs had good thermal stability ( T d > 210 °C) and considerable magnetic susceptibility ( x g > 3.2 × 10 −5 emu·g −1 ). The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of MILSs aqueous solutions based both on electrical conductivity method and surface tensiometry demonstrated that MILSs had better surface active than the corresponding nonmagnetic parent surfactants {dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB), cethyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and stearyltrimethylammonium bromide (STAB)}. Moreover, the surface tensiometry in a magnetic field revealed that the MILSs showed a magnetically induced reduction in surface tension. With surface active and magneto-responsivity bi-functional properties, allow these MILSs pretend to be manipulated noninvasively and reversibly by an applied external magnetic field in further potential applications such as colloid and surface chemistry.
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RSC Advances
·
2018
·Vol. 8
·期 46
·26255-26265
·
IF 2.936
Xuzhao Yang,Yun Fang
Ammonium-based room-temperature asymmetrical gemini ionic liquids, 1-trimethylammonium-3-(pyridinium)propane bisdicyanamide ([N111C3Py][DCA]2) and 1-trimethylammonium-3-(1-methylpiperidinium)propane bisdicyanamide ([N111C3MPi][DCA]2) were respectively synthesized and structurally characterized by 1H NMR and 13C NMR. Thermal stability of the gemini ionic liquids was determined by thermogravimetric analysis under a pure nitrogen atmosphere. Densities and viscosities of pure GILs and their binary mixtures with acetonitrile (MeCN) were investigated over the entire range of mole fractions at various temperatures, from 288.15 to 333.15 K, under atmospheric pressure. Moreover, the excess molar volumes (VEm) and the viscosity deviations (Δη) of the binary mixtures were evaluated and well fitted to the Redlich–Kister polynomial expression. The negative values of VEm and Δη result from strong self-association and interaction between the gemini ionic liquid molecules and MeCN. Results are discussed in terms of molecular interactions and structures.
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2018
·Vol. 43
·期 1
·330-337
·
IF 3.201
Chaoping Yuan,Wentao Shi,Peng Chen,Huaxin Chen,Lihua Zhang,Gang Hu,Longming Jin,Haibo Xie,Qiang Zheng,Shengjun Lu
Cellulose dissolution is crucial for its regeneration and the application of its derivative materials. In this study, the dissolution of cellulose in γ-valerolactone (GVL), promoted by 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim]OAc), was investigated and 15 wt% α-cellulose was rapidly dissolved by the designed mixed organic electrolyte solvents (OESs) at 80 °C in 1 h. The rheological study indicated that the activation energy of dissolution is lower than that in pure [Emim]OAc, and the overlap concentration was determined to be C* = 1.7 wt%. The viscosity of the α-cellulose solution overlapped well with the complex viscosity, suggesting that the Cox–Merz law is valid therein. The potential of the solution for homogeneous derivatization through transesterification of α-cellulose with vinyl esters was also investigated at 80 °C in 4 h with a low vinyl ester/anhydroglucose unit (AGU) molar ratio of 3, achieving a cellulose laurate ester with a DS = 3.0, cellulose pivalate ester with a DS = 3.0 and cellulose chloroacetate ester with a DS = 1.43.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）