Materials Today Physics
·
2022
·
IF 11.021
Yanqing Wang,Rui Xu,Bowen Xiao,Dong Lv,Yu Peng,Yun Zheng,Yanghuan Shen,Jingchao Chai,Xiaohua Lei,Shiyu Luo,Xinyi Wang,Xinmiao Liang,Jiwen Feng,Zhihong Liu
Solid-state polymer electrolytes have recently drawn intense attention as alternatives to traditional liquid electrolytes in lithium batteries due to their high energy-density and reliable safety. Unfortunately, current all-solid-state polymer electrolytes suffer from the low ionic conductivity , limiting the power density of energy storage batteries . Here, we propose a deep-eutectic electrolyte, formed directly by the interaction between poly (1,3-dioxolane) and lithium salt without other auxiliary solvents. The ionic conductivity of the designed deep-eutectic polymer electrolyte can approach to 1.5 × 10 −5 S/cm at ambient temperature, which is twenty times higher than that of polyethylene oxide-based electrolytes. Specifically, solid-state NMR verifies the interaction between oxygen in poly (1,3-dioxolane) and lithium ion . The LiFePO 4 /Li battery assembled with deep-eutectic polymer electrolyte delivers a discharge capacity of 139.6 mAh/g at 0.1 C and a capacity retention of 90% after 200 cycles at 0.2 C. Pouch LiFePO 4 /Li batteries also present excellent safety performances. This finding provides a new approach for materials engineering of polymer electrolytes for advanced lithium batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储技术
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DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2019
·
IF 6.309
Xuelian Fu,Yuchao Li,Chengzhu Liao,Weiping Gong,Mingyang Yang,Robert Kwok Yiu Li,Sie Chin Tjong,Zhouguang Lu
Low ionic conductivity and large interfacial impedance between the electrode and electrolyte are the main bottleneck issues of the current solid electrolytes . In this study, a novel 3D hierarchical solid electrolyte was developed to tackle the large interfacial impedance problem. A flexible polyethylene oxide/lithium chlorate (PEO/LiClO 4 ) was in-situ formed inside the 3D porous Li 6.28 La 3 Zr 2 Al 0.24 O 12 (LLZAO) network by simply using a cleanroom wiper as the template. The obtained 3D LLZAO-PEO/LiClO 4 composite solid electrolyte exhibited a high ionic conductivity of 2.25 × 10 −5 S cm −1 at 30 °C, being 30.7 times higher than that of pristine PEO/LiClO 4 electrolyte. The improved ionic conductivity was attributed to the 3D porous LLZAO structure with continuous fast ion transport pathways. In addition, the 3D LLZAO network can effectively inhibited the growth of lithium dendrite , leading to excellent stability and desirable safety during lithium stripping/plating cycling. Furthermore, the all-solid-state LiFePO 4 /Li battery system based on the obtained 3D LLZAO-PEO/LiClO 4 electrolyte showed a high initial discharge specific capacity of 143.8 mAh·g −1 and a high capacity retention of 86% after 200 cycles at 60 °C. This 3D composite solid electrolyte design is very effective in reducing the interfacial impedance and provides a solution for the further development of high-performance solid electrolyte for all-solid-state rechargeable batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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电池技术
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DOI
高影响因子
Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2026
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IF 6
Jie Li,Menghao Li,Yu Li,Fan Wang,Xinqi Liang,Jiawei Zhang,Zexiang Shen,Minghua Chen
Achieving fast ion transport and stable interfacial chemistry at low temperatures through electrolyte design remains a major challenge for commercial LiFePO 4 ||Graphite (hereafter referred to as LFP||Gr) lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, a weakly solvating ester-based electrolyte is formulated using ethyl acetate (EA), diethyl carbonate (DEC), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), and dimethoxyethane (DME) with bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) and a LiNO 3 additive. Compared to systems employing large amounts of fluorinated solvents or high-concentration electrolytes, the solvent cost is reduced by using low-cost ester-based primary solvents. The tailored solvent environment promotes an anion-rich primary solvation sheath, which is conducive to promoting the formation of an inorganic-rich interfacial film on graphite anode surface, dominated by LiF and nitrogen-containing species, and lower the Li + desolvation energy barrier, resulting in accelerated interfacial Li + transport kinetics and enhanced graphite/electrolyte interfacial stability at low temperatures. As a result, the designed electrolyte shows excellent compatibility with both LiFePO 4 and graphite from ambient to low temperatures and provides enhanced rate capability relative to conventional carbonate electrolytes. High-mass-loading LFP||Gr full cells employing the designed electrolyte deliver 131.8 mAh g −1 at 2 C at ambient temperature and maintain 128 mAh g −1 at −30 °C, significantly surpassing the performance of cells with conventional carbonate-based electrolytes (12.7 and 108 mAh g⁻¹, respectively). This work provides a practical way to achieve commercial high-rate low-temperature graphite-based LIBs by regulating electrolyte solvation structure and the electrode/electrolyte interfacial structure. Download: Download high-res image (245KB) Download: Download full-size image
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 3
·122186
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IF 7.5
Rongge Hu,Ziyuan Zhou,Zhiqi Liu,Wei Wang,Peipei Gao,Hanjie Wen,Lili Sheng
Recovering lithium from waste LiFePO 4 (LFP) cathode is not only an economical solution to resource constraints but also a key step toward achieving a green and circular energy industry. In this study, experiments are designed through thermodynamic analysis to determine the initial pH of the reaction. By comparing and analyzing six different organic acid leaching agents, eco-friendly succinic acid based leaching system is proposed to achieve best selective separation of 98.5% Li and 2.5% Fe respectively. The leaching mechanism of the reaction is investigated through thermodynamic analysis and structural characterizations: LiFePO 4 is converted into FePO 4 via in-situ oxidation, while the original olivine structure remains unchanged. In addition, high-purity Li 3 PO 4 is recovered through chemical precipitation method. LiFePO 4 is regenerated through the high-temperature solid-phase method and exhibits excellent electrochemical performance. Succinic acid is recycled as leaching agent, enabling the full recycling and utilization of entire process. This study provides an efficient and sustainable closed-loop recovery approach for waste LiFePO 4 cathode materials.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
WASTE MANAGEMENT
·
2026
·
IF 7.3
Juan Yang,Yu Wang,Jing Mei,Cheng Zou,Yanhua He,Tianmei Chen,Kui Liu,Qichang Pan
Traditional methods for recovery metals from spent lithium iron phosphate (LFP) leachate often suffer from insufficient selectivity, Li loss and incomplete Al removal. To address these challenges, this study proposes a two-step complexation-ion exchange synergistic strategy for the selective separation of Fe, Al and Li. In the first step, a 717-type Cl − -form anion exchange resin is used to preferentially adsorb [FeCl 4 ] − formed in spent LFP leachate mixed with NaCl solution, with a Fe adsorption efficiency of 99% and almost no adsorption of Al and Li. In the second step, according to the significant stability difference of the anionic oxalate-complex with Al and Li, oxalic acid is introduced in the Fe-free solution to convert Al into [Al(C 2 O 4 ) 2 ] − and/or [Al(C 2 O 4 ) 3 ] 3− proved by density functional theory calculation, molecular dynamics simulation, analysis of mass spectra and infrared spectra. The aluminum-oxalate complexes are subsequently adsorbed by 717-type OH – -form anion exchange resin with good cycling stability, leading to the 98% Al removal with no Li loss. The rapid Al/Li separation is demonstrated by kinetics study, which reveals Al adsorption conforms to pseudo-first-order model and is jointly controlled by liquid film and intraparticle particle diffusion. The proposed method shows strong potential for efficient separation of metals in spent LFP battery materials.
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2026
·
IF 5.4
Yizhou Dong,Tianshuo Zhao,Xinlong Zhang,Yonghong Qin,Ruiqi Cheng,Chaopeng Fu
A closed-loop route for spent LiFePO 4 recycling with 98.97% Li and 99.23% Fe recovery. • Sodium persulfate-assisted process enables efficient FePO 4 regeneration and separation. • Regenerated LiFePO 4 delivers 139.2 mAh g −1 at 1 C and 95.2% retention after 300 cycles at 5 C. • The process achieves 557.6 USD t −1 profit with lower cost and environmental impact. The sustainable recycling of spent LiFePO 4 (LFP) cathodes is hindered by the trade-off between efficient element separation and cost-effective closed-loop regeneration. Herein, we present an integrated approach combining the optimized acid leaching with sodium persulfate (Na 2 S 2 O 8 )-assisted oxidative precipitation, aiming to overcome this limitation. An orthogonal experimental design establishes the optimal leaching conditions (The spent LFP:H 3 PO 4 :H 2 SO 4 =1:0.62:0.57, 60 °C, liquid/solid ratio of 6:1), achieving high recovery efficiencies of 98.97% for Li and 99.23% for Fe. Remarkably, this strategically optimized integrated process reduces processing costs to only 60% of conventional pyrometallurgical routes and 88% of typical hydrometallurgical routes, while the regenerated LFP exhibits high crystallinity, uniform morphology, and a well-recovered olivine structure. When assembled in Li-ion batteries, R-LFP delivers a discharge capacity of 139.2 mAh g −1 at 1 C and retains 95.2% of its capacity after 300 cycles at 5 C, outperforming spent LFP and rivaling the best-reported regeneration methods. By simultaneously integrating high recovery efficiency, low processing cost, and outstanding electrochemical performance, this work provides a practical, sustainable, and industrially viable closed-loop recycling strategy for spent LFP cathodes that is well-suited for large-scale application. Download: Download high-res image (103KB) Download: Download full-size image
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DOI
高影响因子
WASTE MANAGEMENT
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2026
·
IF 7.3
Yanbo Pei,Qing Zhao,Liwei Liu,Jingjing Yang,Siyu Zhang,Xuejiao Zhang
NaOH enabled solvent-free mechanochemical recycling of spent LiFePO 4 BM. • The process achieved 98.83 % Li leaching with only 0.27 % Fe co-leaching. • NaOH destroyed the LiFePO 4 crystal structure and formed Li 3 PO 4 . • Fe 2+ oxidation was promoted by NaOH and atmospheric O 2 during milling. • The recovered product reached 99.6 % Li 3 PO 4 purity. The rapid increase in spent lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) batteries brings significant challenges related to environmental pollution, human health risks, and resource sustainability. Conventional recycling technologies are often hampered by high energy consumption, secondary pollution, and operational hazards. This study proposes a sustainable mechanochemical approach for recycling spent LiFePO 4 black mass, based on the targeted destruction of the stable LiFePO 4 crystal structure. Using sodium hydroxide as an efficient co-grinding agent in a solvent-free system, a superior lithium leaching efficiency of 98.83 % was achieved under optimized conditions, while iron co-leaching was effectively suppressed to 0.27 %. Comprehensive characterizations, including X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy confirmed the destruction of the LiFePO 4 crystal structure, the formation of Li 3 PO 4 , and the oxidation of Fe 2+ . An economic assessment demonstrates the viability of this procedure, yielding a net profit of $0.9659 per kilogram of LiFePO 4 black mass. This work presents an efficient, economically viable, and environmentally benign mechanochemical strategy for LiFePO 4 battery recycling, offering fundamental insights into crystal structure destruction for sustainable resource recovery.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 26.8
Jiayi Zhang,Suting Weng,Cong Zhong,Jiacheng Zhu,Yan Liu,Qiu Fang,Hao Zhang,Yejing Li,Xuefeng Wang
The detrimental effects of Fe-ion crosstalk on LiFePO 4 ||Graphite battery performance, coupled with limited mechanistic insights into solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) evolution under such interference, warrant systematic investigation. Herein, advanced characterization techniques—including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy—are employed to reveal SEI evolution on graphite anodes under Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ influence. Results demonstrate that Fe 3+ exerts more severe adverse effects than Fe 2+ . Specifically, Fe 2+ primarily promotes conventional electrolyte reduction reactions, increasing H 2 , CH 4 , and CO 2 generation. In contrast, Fe 3+ facilitates radical combinations and catalyzes two-electron reductions, triggering side reactions releasing CO, C 2 H 4 , and C 2 H 6 . The SEI thickness under Fe-ion interference (Fe 2+ : 7.20–13.76 nm, Fe 3+ : 9.12–17.55 nm) significantly exceeds that of the base electrolyte (3.15–7.64 nm), with Fe deposits accumulating in organometallic forms. Critically, the presence of Fe 3+ and its adverse impacts on battery safety and cycling stability are validated in practical pouch cells. This study uncovers the chemical nature of the dissolved Fe ion and its deposits, provides mechanistic insights into its interference with SEI properties and Li-ion battery performances, which in turn helps to mitigate such detrimental effects.
研究领域:
电化学
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材料科学
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能源存储
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电池技术
·
界面化学
·
应用化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CARBON
·
2017
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IF 6.337
Xufeng Wang,Zhijun Feng,Juntong Huang,Wen Deng,Xibao Li,Huasen Zhang,Zhenhai Wen
Nanohybrids of graphene-decorated carbon-coated LiFePO 4 nanospheres are prepared using a ball milling-assisted rheological phase method combined with a solid-state reaction. The hybrids are characterized by XRD , SEM, TEM , HRTEM , XPS, Raman and TGA, and their electrochemical properties are studied by CV , EIS and galvanostatic charge-discharge. The experimental results exhibit that multilayer graphene films are decorating carbon-coated LiFePO 4 nanospheres without stacking, which results in an abundance of mesopores constituting a unique 3D “sheets-in-pellets” and “pellets-on-sheets” conducting network structure. This structure highlights the improvements of the rate and cyclic performance as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, because the highly conductive and plentiful mesopores promote electronic and ionic transport. As a result, the hybrids with approximately 3 wt% graphene exhibit an outstanding rate capability with an initial discharge capacity of 163.8 and 147.1 mA h g −1 at 0.1 C and 1 C, and the capacity is retained at 81.2 mA h g −1 even at 20 C. Moreover, the composites also reveal an excellent cycling stability with only an 8% capacity decay at 10 C after 500 cycles.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
储能技术
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电化学
·
纳米材料
·
锂离子电池
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DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 19.9
Liang Chen,Yifeng Li,Xiao Li,Yuan Xun,Guang Yang,Tian Liu,Xubiao Luo,Liming Yang
LiFePO 4 (LFP) scraps generated during battery production and packaging usually retain an intact crystal structure, making them particularly suitable for direct regeneration. The feasibility of regeneration depends on the delamination effect of active materials, but conventional delamination methods often suffer from structural damage and low efficiency. Herein, we propose a low–temperature air plasma treatment strategy that enables highly efficient and nondestructive delamination of LFP scraps. Specifically, a much high delamination efficiency of 99.2% can be achieved, along with an ultralow Al impurity residue of 220 ppm, fully meeting battery-grade usage. Meanwhile, the Fe 2+ oxidation ratio in LFP lattice is limited to only 1.7%, ensuring excellent structure preservation. This nondestructive delamination effect is primarily due to the fact that the unsaturated C═C structures formed during the plasma-induced PVDF defluorination process preferentially consume reactive species and thereby suppress Fe 2 + oxidation in the LFP lattice. Benefiting from these merits, the delaminated LFP material can be directly assembled into batteries, delivering a comparable performance to commercial LFP. Furthermore, economic and environmental analysis reveals that the plasma–assisted direct regeneration strategy achieves significantly lower energy consumption and operating cost than other closed–loop recycling routes, providing a promising paradigm for the direct regeneration and closed–loop recycling of battery scraps.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2022
·
IF 9.794
Qichao Wang,Zhuo Chen,Xiangxin Zhang,Changxin Lin,Yanhua Feng,Yining Zhang
To improve the energy density of the batteries , constructing electrode structure should also be considered besides developing high specific capacity electrode materials. As the active material loading increases, the electrode rate performance worsens due to the long distance of electron transport and ion diffusion. This study proposes a simple and effective strategy to construct a high-load LiFePO 4 electrode with excellent rate performance by using a double-layer structure. The bottom layer with more conductive additives forms a rich conductive network to improve the ability of electronic collection, the top layer with fewer conductive additives increases the porosity to facilitate ion diffusion. The capacity of the double-layer electrode (active material loading 11.4 mg cm −2 ) with imparity distribution of conductive additives achieves 98 mAh g −1 at 425 mA g −1 (2.5C). However, the capacity of the single-layer electrode is zero even at a lower loading (7.1 mg cm −2 ). The vertical imparity distribution of conductive additives in the double-layer structure can reduce the polarization and maintain the excellent rate performance of the high-load electrode. This strategy can be used not only in lithium-ion batteries but also for other energy storage systems possibly.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
·
能源存储
·
纳米结构工程
·
功能材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2016
·
IF 6.333
Haoxiang Zhong,Aiqin He,Jidian Lu,Minghao Sun,Jiarong He,Lingzhi Zhang
A water-soluble conductive composite binder consisting of carboxymethyl chitosan (CCTS) as a binder and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as a conduction-promoting agent is reported for the LiFePO 4 (LFP) cathode in Li-ion batteries. The introduction of conductive PEDOT:PSS as a conductive composite binder facilitates the formation of homogeneous and continuous conducting bridges throughout the electrode and raises the compaction density of the electrode sheet by decreasing the amounts of the commonly used conducting agent of acetylene black. The optimized replacement ratios of acetylene black with PEDOT:PSS (acetylene black/PEDOT:PSS = 1:1, by weight) are obtained by measuring electrical conductivity , peel strength and compaction density of the electrode sheets. The LFP half-cell with the optimized conductive binder exhibits better cycling and rate performance and more favorable electrochemical kinetics than that using only acetylene black conducting agent. The pilot application of PEDOT:PSS/CCTS binder in 10 Ah CCTS-LFP prismatic cell exhibits a comparable cycling performance, retaining 89.7% of capacity at 1 C/2 C (charge/discharge) rate as compared with 90% for commercial PVDF-LFP over 1000 cycles, and better rate capability than that of commercial PVDF-LFP, retaining 98% capacity of 1 C at 7 C rate as compared with 95.4% for PVDF-LFP.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
能源存储
·
高分子材料
·
电池技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）