JOM
·
2021
·Vol. 74
·期 1
·213-221
·
IF 2.474
Deng Pan,Li Liang,Jia Yaoqiang,Liu Dachun,Jiang Wenlong,Kong Lingxin
Aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) is an effective chlorinating agent and catalyst for the chlorination of low-grade titanium slag to produce titanium tetrachloride in molten salts. In this paper, the chlorination behavior of low-grade titanium slag by anhydrous AlCl 3 in AlCl 3 -NaCl molten salt was investigated. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that aluminum chloride can be an effective agent for low-grade titanium slag, and that the addition of NaCl can form a compound molten salt together with AlCl 3 to prevent the evaporation of AlCl 3 .chlorination experiments were conducted on low-grade titanium slag in AlCl 3 -NaCl molten salt to investigate the effects of temperature and the amounts of aluminum chloride and sodium chloride added. Under optimized experimental conditions, the selective separation of titanium from the titanium slag was effectively achieved, and the extraction rate of titanium reached 79.6%. Other impurity elements in the form of oxides or chlorides remained in the residue. Finally, a reaction mechanism for the extraction of titanium from low-grade titanium slag in AlCl 3 -NaCl molten salt has been proposed.
研究领域:
冶金学
·
材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 7
Yu Chen,Lihong Chen,Feng Li,Liurong Huang,Yuhan Yan,Ronghai He
NaCl and CaCl 2 are commonly used edible salts in food. The synergistic influences of these two salts on the physicochemical properties of whey protein isolate-carrageenan (WPI-Car) complexes were investigated in relation to their foaming and emulsifying properties. The results showed that as the ratio of NaCl: CaCl 2 decreased from 6:0 to 3:3, the turbidity of the complexes increased from 0.51 to 0.77 and the absolute zeta potential decreased from 28.86 to 9.05 mV ( P < 0.05). NaCl caused the exposure of hydrophobic groups, whereas CaCl 2 caused hydrophobic groups to be buried within the molecule. The transformation between the α-helix structure and β-sheet structure of WPI was closely related to the ratios of NaCl to CaCl 2 . The electrostatic force, hydrophobic interaction, and hydrogen bond were significantly influenced by the synergistic influence of NaCl and CaCl 2 . The foaming capacity of WPI-Car complexes reached a maximum of 90.0 % at a NaCl: CaCl 2 ratio of 3:3. Compared to the individual effects of monovalent NaCl and divalent CaCl 2 , the mixture of NaCl and CaCl 2 (5:1) produced suitable refolding due to their synergistic effect, which improved the emulsifying properties of WPI-Car complexes. The findings of this study provide useful information for designing and preparing WPI-Car complexes for food applications
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of the American Chemical Society
·
2024
·
IF 14.4
Yiqun Cao,Jiarong Liu,Qingxin Ma,Chunyan Zhang,Peng Zhang,Tianzeng Chen,Yonghong Wang,Biwu Chu,Xiuhui Zhang,Joseph S. Francisco,Hong He
We present a novel mechanism for the formation of photocatalytic oxidants in deliquescent NaCl particles, which can greatly promote the multiphase photo-oxidation of SO2 to produce sulfate. The photoexcitation of the [Cl––H3O+–O2] complex leads to the generation of Cl and OH radicals, which is the key reason for enhancing aqueous-phase oxidation and accelerating SO2 oxidation. The mass normalization rate of sulfate production from the multiphase photoreaction of SO2 on NaCl droplets could be estimated to be 0.80 × 10–4 μg·h–1 at 72% RH and 1.33 × 10–4 μg·h–1 at 81% RH, which is equivalent to the known O3 liquid-phase oxidation mechanism. Our findings highlight the significance of multiphase photo-oxidation of SO2 on NaCl particles as a non-negligible source of sulfate in coastal areas. Furthermore, this study underscores the importance of Cl– photochemistry in the atmosphere.
研究领域:
大气化学
·
环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2016
·
IF 3.299
Yan Zheng,Liying Fang,Yan Yan,Shujie Lin,Zhaohui Liu,Yanzhao Yang
The silicone ionic liquid, 1-methyl-3-[tri-(trimethylsiloxy)]silylpropyl-imidazolium chloride ([Si 4 mim]Cl), was first used for the construction of the W/O microemulsion system and the [Si 4 mim]Cl/ n -heptane/ n -hexanol/NaCl microemulsion system was applied for palladium extraction for the first time. The stability of [Si 4 mim]Cl/ n -heptane/ n -hexanol/NaCl microemulsion system was characterized by the Turbiscan Lab. For the Pd (II) extraction by the [Si 4 mim]Cl/ n -heptane/ n -hexanol/NaCl microemulsion system, primary parameters (namely, the vibration time, the [Si 4 mim]Cl concentration, the phase ratio and the additives) affecting the palladium extraction was investigated to optimize the process. Under the optimum conditions, the extraction percentage of Pd (II) is up to 98%. Afterwards, the ionic-exchange mechanism of Pd (II) extraction by the [Si 4 mim]Cl/ n -heptane/ n -hexanol/NaCl microemulsion system was confirmed by the Job Method and analyzed by FT-IR spectra. The stripping of Pd (II) from the microemulsion phase was also studied using the NaCl solutions, indicating a high stripping efficiency. At last, the selectivity of the [Si 4 mim]Cl/ n -heptane/ n -hexanol/NaCl microemulsion system to Pd (II) from other metals (Cu (II), Co (II), Ni (II), Fe (III), Al (III) Zn (II), Ce (III), Li (I), Mg (II) and Sn (IV)) was demonstrated to be quite high. The results of our work indicate that the [Si 4 mim]Cl/ n -heptane/ n -hexanol/NaCl microemulsion system is a promising approach for Pd (II) extraction.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2022
·
IF 4.326
Lei Jiao,Lida Meng,Kangkang Yan,Jing Wang,Ge Li,Zhikan Yao,Zhilin Sun,Lin Zhang
Membrane wetting is a crucial issue in the desalination process by vacuum membrane distillation (VMD). However, the micromechanism of the wetting behavior is far from clear. Here, electrospun nanofiber membranes (ENMs) had been utilized to clarify the pore variations inside the membrane for desalination from NaCl aqueous solution, where the distinct open pore structure of ENMs could address the characterizing limitations for the change occurring in the membrane pores. A wetting formation model had been depicted on the basis of characterized results, illustrating that the basic reason for wetting was the initial NaCl crystallization caused by supersaturation, which was different from the membrane pores blocking or the structure damage caused by scaling. Moreover, membrane regeneration experiments also showed that the wetting caused by the crystallization of NaCl was reversible. By a reasonable regeneration strategy, VMD used for desalination was expected to achieve continuous operation with rejection over 99.9%.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2015
·
IF 2.037
Haijun Han,Lijiang Guo,Dongdong Li,Ouyang Dong,Yan Yao,Ning Zhang,Dewen Zeng
In this work, the water activities of the NaCl–CaCl2–H2O and KCl–CaCl2–H2O ternary systems and of their sub-binary systems NaCl–H2O and KCl–H2O were measured using an isopiestic method at 323.15 K. The isopiestic composition line for the NaCl–CaCl2–H2O system was found to obey the Zdanovskii rule very well, whereas the KCl–CaCl2–H2O system deviated slightly. The addition of NaCl to an aqueous solution of CaCl2 decreased its water activity for all CaCl2 molalities. However, KCl was found to decrease and increase the water activity at low and high CaCl2 molality, respectively. The turning point appears at 8.0 mol·kg–1 CaCl2 solution. The Pitzer–Simonson–Clegg (PSC) model was applied to represent the water activity of the two ternary systems, and the calculated results are discussed.
研究领域:
化学
·
物理化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2020
·
IF 3.862
Wenhao Du,Pengwei Wu,Zhixin Zhao,Xi Zhang
Aqueous dispersion polymerization is an environmentally friendly and low-energy method for the preparation of micron polymer microspheres. Crosslinked polymer microspheres could be obtained by aqueous dispersion polymerization via methods such as controlled radical polymerization. However, most of these commonly used cross-linking methods are complicated and the product is toxic. Herein, we provided a facile approach for the preparation of temperature-responsive crosslinked polymer microspheres (c-PMAD) by aqueous dispersion polymerization. Chain transfer reaction of 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) instead of traditional crosslinkers was used to achieve the crosslinking. It is found that the microsphere is a spherical material with uniform surface, which has an average particle size of 5.21 μm in deionized water at 25 °C. It has a relatively high thermal stability. The microsphere has the upper critical solution temperature transition (UCST) behavior at 66.5 °C. The particle size of c-PMAD could increase with increasing temperature and decrease with increasing dosage of NaCl. Moreover, diameter of c-PMAD could decrease to original size with decreasing temperature, which endows it the feature of reusing. The UCST behavior of c-PMAD could be kept in 8 wt% NaCl solution. In addition, the effect of process conditions of preparation on the particle size of microspheres were studied in this paper. Micron-sized microspheres could be obtained at 45–65 °C. Microspheres size decreased with increasing initiator dosage, decreasing monomers concentration, increasing of acrylamide dosage and increasing of crosslinker dosage.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SOLID STATE IONICS
·
2014
·
IF 2.112
Borong Wu,Yonghuan Ren,Daobin Mu,Xiaojiang Liu,Guchang Yang,Zhe Sun
Sodium chloride (NaCl), as an attractive electrolyte additive , was added in a low temperature electrolyte to investigate its effect on LiFePO 4 electrode. A capacity as high as 115 mAh g − 1 was delivered at 2 C, which was 20 mAh g − 1 more than its NaCl free counterpart. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests showed that the polarization of electrode reaction decreased. SEM and XPS measurements were conducted and the result illustrated that the film was modified by NaCl to be uniform containing less resistive LiF, so the transport of Li + through the film was facilitated. Moreover, the conductivity of Li + through electrolyte was also enhanced in the presence of NaCl. NaCl effectively facilitated lithium ion transport rate to the electrode surface and improved the lithiation/delithiation behavior in the LiFePO 4 electrode.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2023
·
IF 8.2
Wenxin Jiang,Jing Wang,Dan Yuan,Zhiming Gao,Bing Hu,Yanlei Li,Yuehan Wu
Agarose microgels were prepared with bottom-up approach, and emulsifying properties of agarose microgels were investigated. Physical properties of microgels are varied with agarose concentration, and further affect the emulsifying performance of microgels. Enhanced surface hydrophobicity index and decreased particle size of microgels were recorded with the increasing of agarose concentration, which were conducive to emulsifying properties of microgels. Improved interfacial adsorption of microgels was evidenced by Dynamic surface tension and SEM. However, microscopic morphology of microgel at O/W interface indicated that increasing agarose concentration could weaken the deformability of microgels. The influence of external conditions (pH and NaCl) on the physical properties of microgels were investigated, and their effects on emulsion stability were evaluated. Compared with acidification, NaCl was appeared to be more destructive to emulsion stability. Results indicated acidification and NaCl could decrease surface hydrophobicity index of microgels, but there was differentiation in the variation of particle size. It was inferred that deformability of microgels could make contribution to the stability of emulsion. This study verified that microgelation was a feasible scheme to improve the interfacial properties of agarose, and the influence of agarose concentration, pH, and NaCl on the emulsifying performance of microgels was investigated.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
材料科学
·
界面化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PeerJ
·
2024
·
IF 2.3
Yaxin Wang,Li-ming Zhao,Naijie Feng,Dianfeng Zheng,Xue Feng Shen,Hang Zhou,Wenxin Jiang,Youwei Du,Huimin Zhao,Xutong Lu,Peng Deng
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of exogenous sprays of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and 2-Diethylaminoethyl hexanoate (DTA-6) on the growth and salt tolerance of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. This study was conducted in a solar greenhouse at Guangdong Ocean University, where ‘Huanghuazhan’ was selected as the test material, and 40 mg/L 5-ALA and 30 mg/L DTA-6 were applied as foliar sprays at the three-leaf-one-heart stage of rice, followed by treatment with 0.3% NaCl (W/W) 24 h later. A total of six treatments were set up as follows: (1) CK: control, (2) A: 40 mg⋅ L −1 5-ALA, (3) D: 30 mg⋅ L −1 DTA-6, (4) S: 0.3% NaCl, (5) AS: 40 mg⋅ L −1 5-ALA + 0.3% NaCl, and (6) DS: 30 mg⋅ L −1 DTA-6+0.3% NaCl. Samples were taken at 1, 4, 7, 10, and 13 d after NaCl treatment to determine the morphology and physiological and biochemical indices of rice roots. The results showed that NaCl stress significantly inhibited rice growth; disrupted the antioxidant system; increased the rates of malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide anion production; and affected the content of related hormones. Malondialdehyde content, hydrogen peroxide content, and superoxide anion production rate significantly increased from 12.57% to 21.82%, 18.12% to 63.10%, and 7.17% to 56.20%, respectively, in the S treatment group compared to the CK group. Under salt stress, foliar sprays of both 5-ALA and DTA-6 increased antioxidant enzyme activities and osmoregulatory substance content; expanded non-enzymatic antioxidant AsA and GSH content; reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation; lowered malondialdehyde content; increased endogenous hormones GA3, JA, IAA, SA, and ZR content; and lowered ABA content in the rice root system. The MDA, H 2 O 2 , and O 2− contents were reduced from 35.64% to 56.92%, 22.30% to 53.47%, and 7.06% to 20.01%, respectively, in the AS treatment group compared with the S treatment group. In the DS treatment group, the MDA, H 2 O 2 , and O 2− contents were reduced from 24.60% to 51.09%, 12.14% to 59.05%, and 12.70% to 45.20%. In summary, NaCl stress exerted an inhibitory effect on the rice root system, both foliar sprays of 5-ALA and DTA-6 alleviated damage from NaCl stress on the rice root system, and the effect of 5-ALA was better than that of DTA-6.
研究领域:
植物学
·
农学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Yunxia Ni,Ziyao Cheng,Rongjun Hu,Jiyong Zou,Fuqian Sun,Fandong Meng
Nanofiltration offers unique advantages in antibiotic desalination, however, conventional membranes often suffer from low water permeance and limited antibiotics/salt selectivity. To address this, we synthesized a strong electrolyte monomer, AHEP (1,4-bis(2-aminoethyl)-1,4-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1,4-diium bromide), and engineered a high-performance nanofiltration membrane. Featuring dual quaternary ammonium centers and multiple hydroxyl/amine groups, AHEP was covalently anchored onto a PIP-TMC membrane surface via amidation reaction. The resulting PIP-TMC-AHEP membrane achieved 97.5 % Na 2 SO 4 rejection coupled with water permeance of 17.5 L·m −2 ·h −1 bar −1 —representing a 3.7-fold permeance enhancement over the unmodified PIP-TMC counterpart. High antibiotic rejection efficiencies (>92 %) were consistently demonstrated for ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, and levofloxacin. Furthermore, the membrane exhibited outstanding separation capability for antibiotic/NaCl mixtures (feed: 100 pm tetracycline and 10,000 ppm NaCl, tetracycline/NaCl selectivity is 45.9) alongside significantly antifouling and antibacterial ability.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nano Select
·
2025
·
IF 3.5
Menglan Hu,Bo Meng,Bingxuan Du,Haichao Li
Carbon micro-embroidered spheres with excellent dispersibility and controllable particle size were prepared by leveraging the intrinsic interaction between the surfactant 3-(N,N-dimethyldodecylammonio) propanesulfonate (SB3-12) and sodium chloride (NaCl). Characterized by SEM and TEM, the overall morphology of the carbon micro-embroidered spheres is similar to that of an embroidered ball, while DLS analysis revealed that their diameters range from 1.5 to 3.5 µm. Further characterization via XRD, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, and FT-IR was conducted on the carbon micro-embroidered spheres. Through these analyses, it was observed that with increasing SB3-12 concentration, the diameter of the carbon micro-embroidered spheres tends to first increase and then decrease; concurrently, disorder and defects in the spheres increase, and the contents of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen gradually rise. In addition, the optical properties of the carbon micro-embroidered spheres were characterized, exhibiting a broad fluorescence spectral range (375–460 nm). In general, novel carbon micro-embroidered spheres with optical properties were successfully prepared by utilizing the interaction between 3-(N,N-dimethyldodecylammonio) propanesulfonate and sodium chloride.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
·
物理化学
·
胶体与界面化学
·
功能材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）