JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2026
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IF 10.6
Sirui Liang,Yalang Zhang,Ying Zhang,Wenzhen Liao,Qi He
Advanced food contact materials (FCMs) face critical safety challenges from non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) whose origins and migration remain poorly understood. Here we establish an integrated suspect screening and risk prioritization framework to unravel NIAS formation, migration, and toxicological significance in two polyether ether ketone (PEEK)-based FCM systems. Using UPLC-HRMS, we identified 43 potential migrants in PEEK pellets/film and 21 in TPU pellets/SPEEK-TPU blend film. Comparative analysis reveals that the finished films contain a substantially broader and more diverse set of NIAS than the raw materials, including ethoxylated oligomers, caprolactam oligomers, and quaternary ammonium degradation products that are not detected in the raw materials. Migration experiments confirm the release of 4 compounds from PEEK film and 6 from the blend film into food simulants. A risk-ranking model applied to methanol extracts serves as a hazard-based prioritization tool, whereas the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) comparison is based on actual migration. Notably, tetrabutylammonium from the blend film shows a semi-quantified exposure that exceeds the TTC by 1.85-fold under acidic conditions in the migration test, flagging it as a priority compound for further confirmatory analysis. A risk-ranking model further classifies five substances as Risk I (e.g., sulfonated surfactants, benzophenone derivatives). Our findings demonstrate that NIAS originating from finished films contribute substantially to the migration risk profile of advanced FCMs, providing a pragmatic framework for next-generation food packaging safety evaluation.
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PubMed
高影响因子
International Journal of Nanomedicine
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2026
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IF 8.7
Zidong Wu,Kai Ma,Zixuan Wu,Xiaoyu Guo,Yuning Qu,Zheyue Zhu,Weidong Zhu,Chengxin Li,Yi Liu,Rui Ma,Pei Yang
Background Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a promising orthopedic implant material due to its bone-matched elastic modulus and radiolucency. However, its clinical application is limited by biological inertness and lack of antibacterial activity, which predispose to implant-associated infection (IAI) and poor osseointegration. This study developed a multifunctional coating on sulfonated PEEK (SPEEK) via polydopamine (PDA)-mediated co-delivery of simvastatin-loaded ZIF-8 nanoparticles (SIM@ZIF-8) and moxifloxacin (MOX) to address these limitations.Methods A time-programmed release coating was fabricated on SPEEK by embedding SIM@ZIF-8 within a PDA layer and surface-loading MOX onto the surface. The coating’s physicochemical properties, drug release profiles, biocompatibility, antibacterial activity, and osteogenic capacity were evaluated in vitro. Antibacterial efficacy and osseointegration were further assessed in vivo using rat subcutaneous infection and rabbit femoral defect models.Results Release profiles revealed that MOX exhibited burst release within 24 h, whereas SIM quickly reached therapeutic concentrations during the initial phase and was slowly released over five weeks, while Zn2+ from ZIF-8 was released synchronously with SIM. In vitro antimicrobial assays showed that the synergistic release of MOX and SIM exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, providing sustained inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. The coating also promoted MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion, spreading, and osteogenic differentiation, as indicated by upregulated osteogenic markers (Runx2, OCN, OPN, COL1A1), enhanced matrix mineralization, and increased BMP-2 expression. In rat models, bacterial colonization on the coated surface and residual bacteria in tissues were significantly reduced. In rabbit femoral defects, sustained co-release of SIM and Zn2+ accelerated new bone formation and improved osseointegration, confirmed by micro-CT, double fluorescence labeling, and histological analysis.Conclusion This study presents a novel bioactive PEEK implant coating integrating antibacterial and osteogenic functions through a MOX/SIM@ZIF-8/PDA system. The strategy effectively combats IAI and enhances osseointegration, offering potential for clinical orthopedic applications.
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高影响因子
POLYMER COMPOSITES
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2026
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IF 4.9
Wentao Chen,Ke Zhang,Shuai Wang,Xiuhong Wang,Xiaogang Zhao,Changwei Liu,Daming Wang
Carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK) composites suffer from severe fiber-matrix modulus mismatch and weak interfacial adhesion, limiting their mechanical performance. Herein, eco-friendly waterborne sizing agents consisting of self-crosslinkable polyamide-imide (CPI) and carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CCNTs) are developed to construct a triple-coupled organic-nano-transcrystalline interphase. Thermally robust CPI adapts to high processing temperature of PEEK, while uniformly dispersed CCNTs enrich surface active groups, increase fiber roughness and supply heterogeneous nucleation sites for thick transcrystalline (TC) layers. CCNT content governs interfacial morphology, TC thickness and composite mechanical properties. The optimized CF-CPI-25CCNT achieves tensile strength of 233.4 MPa, flexural strength of 348.0 MPa, impact strength of 41.0 MPa and IFSS of 84.4 MPa, rising by 70.4%, 55.1%, 54.1%, and 110.4% versus bare CF. CF-CPI-50CCNT delivers maximum tensile and flexural moduli, whereas CF-CPI-75CCNT obtains superior tensile strength at 200°C. AFM characterizations confirm the hybrid sizing builds a continuous gradient-modulus interphase to mitigate interfacial stress concentration. Moreover, CF-CPI-25CCNT exhibits balanced tow integrity and flexibility suitable for industrial processing. Synergistic reinforcement originates from improved wettability, mechanical interlocking, TC induction and rigid-flexible gradient architecture. This green sizing provides a scalable multi-scale interfacial design route for high-temperature-resistant CF/PEEK composites. Highlights The CPI/CCNT sizing agents build organic-nano-transcrystallinity interphase. CCNT serves nucleation sites to thicken transcrystallinity. The interfacial wettability of CF is significantly improved. Gradient interphase is formed and relieves modulus mismatch. CF-CPI-25CCNT achieves 110.4% higher IFSS.
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PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
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2026
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IF 7.9
Yujie Rong,Chuanmei Wang,Chaobo Liang,Jin Huang,Guizhe Zhao,Yaqing Liu,Shaofeng Zhou
Quartz fiber (QF)/polyether ether ketone (PEEK) composites are promising for high-temperature wave-transparent applications. However, their performance is severely limited by weak interfacial bonding and interfacial polarization. In this work, a green and thermally stable polyimide-silica (PI-SiO₂) aqueous sizing coating was developed to tailor the fiber/matrix interphase. The PI component enhances interfacial compatibility with the PEEK matrix through molecular chain entanglement, while silane-modified SiO₂ nanoparticles introduce reactive functional groups and nanoscale roughness, enabling interface anchoring and mechanical interlocking. As a result, a dense and gradient interphase with reduced defects is constructed. At an optimal composition (1 wt% PI and 1.5 wt% SiO₂), the interlaminar shear strength, flexural strength, and impact strength increased by 29.72%, 43.27%, and 67.60%, respectively, along with a 21.36% reduction in wear rate. The thermal decomposition temperature increases by 6.54%, accompanied by a 10.03% increase in char yield at 800 °C. More importantly, the dielectric constant is reduced to ∼3.0 with a dielectric loss below 0.02, resulting in enhanced electromagnetic wave transmission in the 2–18 GHz range. This improvement is attributed to the suppression of Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars polarization and defect-induced scattering due to the engineered interphase. This work demonstrates an environmentally friendly and scalable sizing coating strategy for simultaneously improving the mechanical, thermal, tribological, and electromagnetic properties of high-performance thermoplastic composites, providing new insights into interphase design for multifunctional coatings and advanced structural materials.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2023
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IF 8.6
Qi Zhao,Haicheng Jiang,Changchun Wang,Shuai Zhao,Lina Wang,Guodong Kang,Xingming Jie,Yiming Cao
In this study, as an efficient technology membrane absorption was applied with newly developed polyetheretherketone (PEEK) hollow fiber membrane (HFM) to remove CO 2 from flue gas. To alleviate membrane wetting issue, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane (FAS) was integrated into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and then crosslinked FAS-PDMS was coated on porous PEEK membranes to prepare composite membranes. Surface characterization verified that PDMS layer containing fluoroalkylsilane had been successfully formed on membrane surface. As mass ratio of FAS to PDMS in coating solution raised, an interesting honeycomb-like structure was observed dispersing on composite membrane surface. Meanwhile, water contact angle was improved from 90.0° to 133.5° indicating enhanced membrane hydrophobicity. The effects of gas and liquid flow velocities on CO 2 absorption performance of FAS-PDMS/PEEK HFM were systematically studied. The highest CO 2 removal efficiency of 99.6% was achieved when gas and liquid velocity were 0.027 and 0.019 m s −1 . When gas velocity raised to 0.110 m s −1 , the maximum absorption flux of 1.22 × 10 -4 mol m −2 s −1 and overall mass-transfer coefficient of 2.69 × 10 −5 m s −1 could be obtained. Compared with the original membrane, the CO 2 absorption flux of FAS-PDMS-0.6 HFM was increased by 50.9%, and the performance had no degradation in 36 h test. This study provides a novel strategy to alleviate the membrane wetting problem during CO 2 membrane absorption process.
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Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
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2021
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IF 3.902
Shulin Luo,Pei Wang,Min Ma,Zhangyi Pan,Liangyu Lu,Feng Yin,Junfeng Cai
Poly(ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) with good biocompatibility exhibits high mechanical strengths but bioinert. In addition, tantalum (Ta) possesses outstanding osteogenesis but high density and elastic modulus , and cost. In this study, by blending Ta nanoparticles with PEEK, Ta/PEEK composite (TP) was prepared, which was then treated by concentrated sulfuric acid to form a microporous surface containing Ta particles on TP (TPS). Moreover, genistein (GS) with antibacterial property was loaded into the microporous surface of TPS (TPSG). Compared with TP, the surface properties ( e.g., surface roughness and hydrophilicity) of TPS was obviously improved because of the microporous surface including Ta nanoparticles . Moreover, TPS showed low antibacterial properties because of presence of sulfonic group while TPSG exhibited excellent antibacterial properties due to GS loaded into the microporous surface. Furthermore, compared with TP, TPS obviously promoted attachment and proliferation of MG63 cells, while TPSG with GS remarkably inducing osteogenic differentiation of the cells compared with TPS in vitro . Moreover, in comparison with TP, TPS with optimized surface properties promoted new bone regeneration and osseointegration, while TPSG loading GS further enhanced bone regeneration as well as osseointegration in vi vo. In summary, the GS loaded into microporous surface including Ta nanoparticles of TPSG exhibited antibacterial and osteogenic activity, which would have great potential for bone tissue repair.
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高影响因子
Materials Today Bio
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2024
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IF 8.7
Xinxin Zhan,Jianglong Yan,Dong Xiang,Hao Tang,Lulu Cao,Yufeng Zheng,Hong Lin,Dandan Xia
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is considered as a promising dental implant material owing to its excellent physicochemical and mechanical properties. However, its wide range of applications is limited by its biologically inert nature. In this study, a near-infrared (NIR) light responsive bioactive coating with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and metronidazole adhered to the PEEK surface via dopamine polymerization. Compared to pure PEEK, the hydrophilicity of the treated PEEK surface was significantly improved. In addition, under NIR light, the surface coating exhibited photothermal conversion effect, and gold nanoparticles and the antibiotic can be released from the coating. This improved the antibacterial properties of PEEK materials. Moreover, the coating was more conducive to the early adhesion of bone mesenchymal stem cells. The results of in vitro and in vivo osteogenic activity studies showed that the developed coating promoted osseointegration of PEEK implants, and NIR light irradiation further improved the antibacterial ability and osteogenic activity of PEEK implants. Through RNA sequencing, the potential underlying mechanism of promoting bone formation of the AuNPs coating combined metronidazole was interpreted. In summary, the developed coating is a potential surface treatment strategy that endows PEEK with enhanced osseointegration and antibacterial properties.
研究领域:
生物材料
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生物医学工程
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组织工程
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材料科学
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JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION
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2018
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IF 1.911
Shengnan Wang,Yi Deng,Lei Yang,Xiuyuan Shi,Weizhong Yang,Zhi-Gang Chen
Implantable polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has great biomedical potential as hard tissue substitute in orthopedic application due to its outstanding mechanical properties and excellent biological stability. However, the poor osseointegration and bacteriostatic ability of implantable PEEK become the major barrier for its wide clinic application. In this study, a hierarchically micro/nano-topographic PEEK with specific functional groups (amino and COOH/COOR) has been fabricated using facile sulfonation combined with argon plasma treatment. The new developed hierarchically micro/nano-topographic PEEK have enhanced hydrophilicity, surface roughness, as well as the high ability of apatite-layer forming. Antibacterial assessment shows that as-treated samples exhibit better antibacterial activity. The cellular responses in osteoblast-like MG-63 cells culturing experiment reveal that the micro/nano-topography accompanied with specific functional groups improves the cell adhesion at the initial stage, further ameliorates proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MG-63. This study proposes a promising approach to increase osteo-differentiation activity and bacteriostasis of PEEK via synergistic effects involving surface topologic structure and chemical modification, which shows great potential in developing advanced implantable materials.
研究领域:
生物材料
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骨科
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表面科学
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生物医学工程
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 9
Lulu Yuan,Ziyu Lin,Xue Li,Zhiwei Zhao,Liyuan Chen,Qiang Ren,Siwen Ding,Jinhui Pang,Zhenhua Jiang
Polymer-MOF composite membranes have attracted the attention of researchers in the field of organic solvent nanofiltration by fully utilizing the synergistic advantages of the processability of polymers and the molecular sieving properties of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). However, the performance of such composite membranes in organic solvents is greatly reduced by insufficient interfacial interactions at the polymer-MOF interface. In this study, an in situ co -construction strategy of polyaniline (PANI) and MOF was employed to create a stabilized interface on the polymer matrix while converting the poly(ether ether ketone) precursor substrate (PEEKt) into solvent-resistant PEEK to fabricate high-performance nanofiltration membranes for organic solvents (PEEK-PANI@MIL-101). This composite membrane exhibits a rejection rate exceeding 97 % for Rose Bengal (RB) in ethanol solution, coupled with an ultrahigh ethanol permeance of 266 L m −2 h −1 bar −1 . The integrated dual in situ growth strategy significantly enhances the interfacial adhesion of the composite membrane. Furthermore, the membrane demonstrates outstanding thermal resistance and acid stability, ensuring robust performance under harsh operating conditions.
研究领域:
材料科学
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膜分离技术
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高分子化学
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纳米材料
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环境工程
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化学工程
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高影响因子
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
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2025
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IF 14.2
Wentao Chen,Ke Zhang,Shuai Wang,Chunhai Chen,Xiaogang Zhao,Hongwei Zhou,Daming Wang
The application of polyimide (PI) as an effective sizing agent for carbon fiber (CF) in CF/poly ether ether ketone (PEEK) composites represents a promising approach. Here, a series of novel carboxylated waterborne PI sizing agents with different aliphatic ratios were designed to construct a rigid-flexible gradient interphase for the purpose of promoting interfacial adhesion between CF and PEEK. It was observed that the mechanical properties of the composites were optimal when the molar ratio of rigid diamine monomer to flexible diamine monomer reached 7:3. Significant augmentation was observed in various mechanical and interfacial properties, including tensile modulus (25.6 %), tensile strength (19.8 %), flexural modulus (28.5 %), flexural strength (15.8 %), impact strength (24.3 %), and IFSS (57.8 %). Furthermore, the tensile strength of the composites exhibited a greater increase (27.2 %) at elevated temperatures, thus indicating that the role of the interfacial layer was more pronounced at high temperatures. The interphase was analyzed by peak force quantitative nanomechanical imaging (PF-QNM) mode of atomic force microscopy (AFM), the results indicated the formation of a modulus transition zone between the CF and PEEK. This zone exhibited a gradient change of modulus, enabling the composite to transfer and distribute applied loads more effectively when subjected to external forces. Consequently, the findings of this study demonstrated the potential of waterborne PI sizing agents for application on CF, offering a promising avenue for surface modification of high-performance CF/PEEK composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
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复合材料
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高影响因子
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
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2026
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IF 8.3
Meng Cao,Shuo Wang,Yewei Zhang,Mingyu Liu,Jian Zang
The development of high-end equipment towards lightweight, intelligent designs places stringent demands on multifunctional integration in structural materials. Although thermoplastic carbon fibre-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK) composites offer advantages such as rapid processing and recyclability, their weak interfacial properties and limited functionality severely limit their potential for advanced applications, such as electromagnetic shielding and intelligent de-icing. This study, therefore, proposes an innovative, multi-scale, synergistic modification strategy that combines electrophoretic deposition interface engineering and matrix modification to manufacture CF/PEEK composites with enhanced mechanical properties and multifunctional integration. A three-dimensional carbon nanotube reinforcement layer was formed on the surface of the carbon fibre via electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Concurrently, the incorporation of graphene nanoplates (GNPs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into the PEEK matrix via blending formed an interfacial bridging-matrix co-permeation three-dimensional structure. Experiments were conducted on the mechanical properties, electrical heating performance, electromagnetic shielding capabilities, and in-situ rapid repair capacity of synergistically reinforced CF/PEEK composites. The results indicate that the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and flexural strength of the synergistically reinforced composites increased by 113.1% and 121.6%, respectively, compared to the original composite. Electromagnetic shielding performance improved by 92.5% (65.06 dB), and the composites exhibited excellent electrical heating performance, reaching 113.9°C at 3 V/300 s, with stability maintained after 10 cycles. The mechanical properties recovered to 77.8% of the original composite after in-situ rapid repair, and the shielding effectiveness was restored to 96.4%. This work provides new insights and broader application prospects for designing next-generation structural-functional integrated thermoplastic composites for high-end equipment applications.
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高影响因子
POLYMER COMPOSITES
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2026
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IF 4.9
Qingsong Li,Yang Zhang,Fangda Jing,Guoming Lin,Guoxin Sui
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)-based composites are promising materials for high-load sliding components. However, their tribological reliability under severe conditions is often limited by interfacial instability and insufficient transfer-film formation. In this work, dopamine-modified boron nitride (BN@PDA) was prepared and incorporated into neat PEEK and carbon fiber-reinforced PEEK (P/CF) composites. The role of BN@PDA in regulating filler dispersion, interfacial structure, mechanical properties, and tribological behavior was investigated under dry-sliding and starved-lubrication conditions. Compared with unmodified BN, BN@PDA provided more evident improvements in filler dispersion and high-PV interfacial stability, particularly in the CF-reinforced system. Under dry sliding, both P/CF/BN and P/CF/BN@PDA maintained stable low-friction behavior at 4 MPa and 2 m/s, with average friction coefficients of approximately 0.049. P/CF/BN@PDA showed a slightly lower wear rate of 0.49 × 10 −6 mm 3 /N m and fewer friction fluctuations. Under starved lubrication, P/CF/BN@PDA remained stable for more than 10 h at 6 MPa and 2 m/s, whereas P/CF/BN failed under the same condition. Morphological and elemental analyses suggested that BN@PDA promoted the development of protective layers on both the polymer wear surface and the steel counterpart. These findings indicate that BN@PDA is an effective functional filler for improving the tribological reliability of P/CF composites under severe operating conditions. Highlights PDA modification improves BN dispersion in PEEK composites. BN@PDA enhances the mechanical properties of CF-reinforced PEEK composites. P/CF/BN@PDA maintains stable sliding for over 10 h under high-PV starved lubrication. BN@PDA promotes tribofilm formation on polymer and steel surfaces.
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）