Soft Matter
·
2012
·Vol. 8
·期 13
·3620-3626
·
IF 4.39
Jingjun Wu,Qian Zhao,Jianzhong Sun,Qiyun Zhou
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) cryogels with aligned porous structures were prepared by unidirectional freezing and subsequently cryopolymerization. The aqueous reaction precursor of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) and the initiator was first unidirectionally frozen using liquid nitrogen or other cooling agents such as frozen ethyl alcohol and frozen acetic ether, followed by radical polymerization at subzero temperature. The morphology of the obtained cryogels was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The pore structure of the obtained cryogels was the replica of the unidirectional ice crystals formed during the unidirectional freezing. Microtubular pores aligned along the freezing direction were observed in both dry and swollen states. The obtained cryogels showed anisotropic compressive strength according to the pore directions. The effect of the PEGDA molecular weight and the freezing temperature on morphology of the orientation-structured cryogels were also studied. The pore diameter could be adjusted from 10 to 50 μm.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
Catalysts
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 10
·1327
·
IF 3.9
Di Wang,Jiangang Lv
Methyl glycolate was synthesized as a precursor to ethylene glycol from the acid-catalyzed carbonylation of formaldehyde, followed by esterification with methanol. Homogeneous acids and different solid acids (e.g., resins and zeolites) were used as catalysts, and the effect of the solvent was examined. Afterward, a carboxylic acid protection strategy was proposed. With sulfolane and acetic acid as the mixed solvent, the solubility of CO increases, and the reaction rate can be accelerated. The rapid reaction between acetic acid and glycolic acid inhibits glycolic acid polymerization and pulls the reaction balance to promote the carbonylation reaction rate. Under the optimal solvent system (a molar ratio of acetic acid to sulfolane of 1:5) and the appropriate reaction conditions, the selectivity of the target product is higher than 85%. Solid acid catalysts with a −SO3H or −CF2SO3H functional group are supposed to be efficient in the carbonylation of formaldehyde, based on which a supported Nafion catalyst with a high surface area and total acid content was designed and synthesized. The novel supported Nafion catalyst presents a high total acid content and high Brönsted–Lewis acid ratio due to the characteristics of modified zeolite and, thus, leads to the high reactivity and very low selectivity of the by-product. A possible reaction mechanism is proposed to explain the product’s distribution by ascribing the formation of different products to different types of acid sites.Keywords:carbonylation;formaldehyde;methyl glycolate;ethylene glycol;acid catalyst
研究领域:
化学合成
·
催化化学
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DOI
高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2022
·Vol. 33
·期 10
·3455-3469
·
IF 3.348
Zishuo Ye,Hailin Lu,Endong Jia,Jian Chen,Lifeng Fu
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels have potential applications in bionic articular cartilage due to their good biocompatibility and low friction. However, the lack of adequate mechanical properties is a key obstacle for PVA hydrogels to replace natural cartilage. In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG) was introduced into the PVA hydrogel, and the (PVA/PEG) composite gels were prepared by a blending physical cross-linking method. The PVA/PEG gels were treated with a simple and novel organic solvent immersion dehydration to improve its mechanical and tribological properties. And the using of organic solvents for dehydration changed the network structure of the PVA/PEG gels, which improved the mechanical properties effectively. In this study, the effects of different organic solvents on the tribological properties, swelling ratio, shore hardness, and dehydration rate of PVA/PEG hydrogels were investigated. Compared with natural drying, organic solvent dehydration reduced the gel formation time. Notably, the organic solvent dehydration treatment reduces the wear rate of PE ball friction pair to 27.4% of the original amount, improving wear resistance. Meanwhile, self-healing and cellular immune assays demonstrated the excellent biocompatibility and self-healing ability of the PVA/PEG gels. This study provides a new candidate material for the design of articular cartilage, which is expected to advance the progress of artificial cartilage repair.
研究领域:
生物材料学
·
医学工程
·
组织工程
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DOI
高影响因子
Acta Biomaterialia
·
2018
·
IF 6.383
Huan Yang,Cui Tang,Chunhua Yin
Estrone-modified glycol chitosan nanoparticles (GCNP-ES) based on the mechanisms of ES-mediated endocytosis and intracellular pH-responsive drug release were developed for the treatment of breast cancer. GCNP-ES were prepared by grafting copolymerization of glycol chitosan with 2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate to generate GCNP prior to ES conjugation. The particle size, zeta potential , and paclitaxel (PTX) encapsulation efficiency of GCNP-ES were characterized. In particular, GCNP-ES exhibited pH-responsive dissociation properties while maintaining stability under long-term storage and lyophilization. The drug release of PTX-loaded GCNP-ES (PTX/GNCP-ES) was modestly prolonged with considerable pH sensitivity. GCNP-ES promoted internalization in breast cancer MCF-7 cells by approximately 5-fold as compared to GCNP, and the internalized GCNP-ES was mainly localized in the endosomes of MCF-7 cells. PTX/GNCP-ES exhibited higher cytotoxicity and cell apoptosis ratio than GCNP. In mice with MCF-7 breast cancer xenograft, PTX/GCNP-ES showed higher accumulation at the tumor site, which resulted in a higher tumor inhibition ratio (81.4%) than that achieved by PTX/GCNP (69.4%) and PTX solution (48.8%). Furthermore, no histological and hematological toxicity was detected in in vivo studies of PTX/GCNP-ES. Overall, these results suggested the potential applicability of GCNP-ES as a drug delivery system for breast cancer therapy. Statement of Significance Most breast cancers are hormone dependent. Herein, we developed a estrone-modified glycol chitosan nanoparticles (GCNP-ES) as a drug delivery system to overcome the drawbacks of chemotherpeutic drugs, including poor water solubility and lack of specifity. GCNP-ES could provide efficient drug delivery in breast cancer cells. The study demonstrated that GCNP-ES could dissociate under mildly acidic conditions, leading to the timely payload release of the drug in target tumor cells following internalization. The conjugated estrone of the nanoparticles could significantly increase drug accumulation in the tumor site and result in enhanced therapeutic effect. Thus, the potential applicability of GCNP-ES was suggested.
研究领域:
药学
·
生物医学工程
·
癌症研究
·
纳米技术
·
药物递送系统
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 6.7
Xingkun Liang,Keng Xie,Jun Cai,Zengxu Yang,Kongzhai Li
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) has long been recognized as a significant threat to human health and ecosystems. However, achieving the rapid and efficient reduction of Cr(VI) to the non-toxic Cr(III) by using conventional photocatalysts remains a challenge. While polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used as a photoreductant for Cr(VI) reduction, the core factors influencing the Cr(VI) reduction reaction and underlying mechanisms have not been thoroughly explored. In this study, we examined the effects of different factors on the photoreduction of Cr(VI) by PEG. Experimental results reveal that PEG-2000 exhibits the strongest photoreduction capability. Moreover, the optimum pH for photoreduction is 0.5, while the most favorable temperature is 30 °C. Furthermore, the intermediates and photo-induced mechanism of Cr(VI) photoreduction by PEG were analyzed. The photoreduction reaction proceeds following the formation of a complex between PEG and Cr(VI). This complex absorbs light energy, facilitating the rapid transfer of electrons from the excited oxygen clusters to chromic acid. Both ∙O 2 − and ∙OH radicals are involved in the photoreduction process, and radical trapping experiments confirm that electrons are the primary contributors to the reduction. This study provides a comprehensive investigation into the mechanism of Cr(VI) reduction by PEG, offering valuable insights into the practical application of photoreductants in catalytic reduction processes.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Energy Storage
·
2024
·
IF 8.9
Xu Guo,Kun Wei,Tengfei Ni,Wenshuo Shi,Chenxi Dai,Zhanfan Zhao,Zhanpeng Gu
It is crucial for their widespread application to develop phase change materials (PCMs) that can be mass-produced and possess high thermal storage capacity and stability. This study uses polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the phase change material and epoxy resin as the matrix to prepare polyethylene glycol/epoxy resin composite phase change materials (EPPCM) by blending and analyzing the effects of PEG's molecular weight and content on EPPCM's performance. The results indicate that PEG and epoxy resin are physically blended without chemical reaction. When the molecular weight of PEG is fixed, the larger the content of PEG, the higher the crystallinity , phase change enthalpy value , and phase change temperature of EPPCM, and the weaker the thermal cyclic stability and mechanical properties. When the content of PEG is fixed, the larger the molecular weight of PEG, the higher the crystallinity, phase change enthalpy value, and phase change temperature of EPPCM, the stronger the thermal cyclic stability, and the weaker the mechanical properties. Using PEG-10000 as the PCM with a PEG to epoxy resin ratio of 1:2.5, the EPPCM shows a phase change exothermic temperature range of 33.4 °C to 45.7 °C, an endothermic temperature range of 54.3 °C to 65.4 °C, a phase change enthalpy of 130.0 J/g, and only 1.56 % mass loss after 30 phase change cycles.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Hang Hu,Ting Yuan,Jiahao Qian,Xinya Lu,Xi Chen,Xiaoya Sun,Yuchen Lin,Yuxiang Tang,Qingbo Xu,Tianyu Zhu,Yu Hu,Defeng Xu
Photodynamic therapy attracts great attention in cancer treatment due to its minimal invasiveness, good tolerance and specific cancer targeting. However, most of tumors are hypoxic and the tumors will become more hypoxic after photodynamic therapy, which might cause the poor prognosis by inducing tumor angiogenesis. In the present work, polyethylene glycol modified protamine-chlorin e6 conjugate (PEG-protamine-Ce6) was synthesized for enhanced cancer photodynamic therapy. PEG-protamine-Ce6 was synthesized by conjugating protamine with methoxypolyethylene glycol acetaldehyde and Ce6 sequentially. The in vitro studies show that PEG-protamine-Ce6 self-assembles into nanoparticles in aqueous solution with uniform size (∼200 nm), positive zeta potential and spherical morphology. The in vitro cell studies show that PEG-protamine-Ce6 nanoparticles exhibit enhanced cellular uptake amount, intracellular ROS level elevation upon laser irradiation, cell apoptosis and photocytotoxicity as compared to Ce6. The in vivo studies show that PEG-protamine-Ce6 nanoparticles exhibit enhanced antitumor effect as compared to Ce6 upon laser irradiation. PEG-protamine-Ce6 with laser irradiation not only inhibits tumor cell proliferation, but also inhibits tumor angiogenesis by suppression of VEGF expression, whereas Ce6 with laser irradiation promotes tumor angiogenesis by enhancing VEGF expression. PEG-protamine-Ce6 nanoparticles developed in this work offer a novel nanomedicine for enhancing cancer photodynamic therapy.
研究领域:
药学
·
肿瘤学
·
纳米医学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry B
·
2024
·Vol. 12
·期 22
·5455-5464
·
IF 6.1
Haimei Cao,Tiankuan Zhu,Henan Wei,Shiping Zhang
Polyurethane (PU) catheters are commonly used in clinical treatment. However, the hydrophobic nature of the PU catheter surface leads to adhesion or adsorption to platelets, proteins, bacteria, and other molecules when used in human treatment. To achieve a surface with strong hydrophilicity, high stability and excellent biocompatibility, it is necessary to functionalize the PU catheters. In this paper, a coating with antifouling function was constructed on the surface of PU catheters using plasma technology and an amide coupling reaction. A series of characterization methods, including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), water contact angles (WCA), and atomic force microscopy (AFM), were used to prove the successful modification of the polymer coatings. The coatings showed good stability under conditions such as PBS (pH 7.4, 720 h), 75% ethanol (6 h) and 1 wt% SDS (10 min). Additionally, the coatings exhibit excellent hemocompatibility and antibacterial properties. The PU/PEI/PCSB coating has the best anti-fouling performance among them, which means that using the PCSB copolymer has the potential to modify different clinical catheters into highly effective antifouling coatings.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
材料科学
·
表面改性
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Road Materials and Pavement Design
·
2026
·
IF 3.6
Yujuan Zhang,Qinghao Ji,Chen Sun,Peng Xiao,Yao Zhang
This study employed chemical methods to prepare crumb rubber (CR) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) composite (CR-PEG) for the modification of asphalt with phase change temperature regulation function. The microstructure and composite mechanism of CR-PEG, properties and temperature regulation function of CR-PEG modified asphalt (CR-PEG-MA) were systematically investigated in details. The results demonstrate that hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)facilitated the chemical complexation between CR and PEG and altered the crystal structure of PEG. As PEG molecular weight increases, the onset temperature and enthalpy of phase transition initially increase before decreasing at molecular weight of 1000. The higher the PEG content, the lower the starting temperature of phase transition and the greater the enthalpy of phase transition. CR-PEG in asphalt begins to exhibit phase change temperature regulation around 50°C. CR-PEG-MA achieves optimal comprehensive performance with 3 wt% PEG6000. Moreover, it is an effective strategy to reduce PEG leakage risk by chemically fixing PEG in CR phase.
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DOI
高影响因子
FULLERENES NANOTUBES AND CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES
·
2026
·
IF 1.8
Dawei Wang,Zhixiang Xia,Haixin Du,Shenggao Wang,Zhe Chen,Ping Fu
Faced with global energy sustainability and carbon neutrality demands, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are promising for flexible thermoelectric (TE) applications but limited by severe agglomeration, high intrinsic thermal conductivity, and poor air stability of n-type derivatives. Herein, we report a novel n-type triethylene glycol/polyethyleneimine/SWCNT (TEG/PEI/SWCNT) composite film via facile drop-casting, where TEG (key co-dopant) dominates PEI/SWCNT interfacial regulation. TEG forms strong intermolecular interactions with PEI, remarkably enhancing PEI wettability on SWCNTs. This TEG-mediated interface modulation facilitates SWCNT dispersion into uniform networks (well-controlled bundle diameters), strengthens inter-bundle bonding (boosting carrier mobility and suppressing air molecule intrusion), and optimizes PEI-to-SWCNT carrier injection, alleviating excessive carrier concentration while increasing the Seebeck coefficient. The TEG-modulated film exhibits excellent performance: maximum power factor (PF) of 122 μW·m−1·K−2 at room temperature, 13-day stable n-type characteristics in ambient air, and monotonically increasing electrical conductivity up to 160 °C. A flexible TE device (five p-n junction pairs) based on this composite delivers 2.9 μW maximum output power under a 50 K temperature gradient. This TEG co-doping strategy, centered on precise PEI/SWCNT interface regulation, offers a simple, scalable route to high-performance flexible n-type carbon-based TE films, addressing key SWCNT-based TE bottlenecks.
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高影响因子
Materials
·
2026
·Vol. 19
·期 3
·493
·
IF 3.2
Xiangli Wen,Peng Gong,Ningyi Yuan,Yu Tian,Lvzhou Li,Jianning Ding
This study provides an original insight into the synergistic mechanism through which TM-104 and Vanlube 672 facilitate the in situ formation of a nanoscale bilayer tribofilm in ethylene glycol-based hydraulic fluid. By optimizing the additive formulation to 0.5 wt.% TM-104 and 2.0 wt.% Vanlube 672, a structurally graded tribofilm was autonomously assembled at the friction interface, comprising a 6 nm-thick P x O y -rich inner layer and a 140 nm-thick amorphous carbon outer layer. This engineered interlayer delivers exceptional tribological enhancements, with a 31% improvement in lubricity, a 71% increase in wear resistance, and a remarkable 577% enhancement in extreme-pressure load capacity. The first discovery was that there were differences in the mechanisms between these two layers: the inner P x O y layer establishes strong chemisorption bonds with the substrate, while the outer carbon layer facilitates energy dissipation through shear-induced graphitization. These findings establish a new paradigm for designing multi-functional lubricant additives and provide a scientific basis for developing high-performance fire-resistant hydraulic fluids operable under extreme conditions.
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
·
2026
·
IF 7.9
Tianyi Zhang,Que Huang,Jinlu Yang,Guohui Li,Qinpei Chen,Jianghui Xie,Hongyuan Ding,Tiannian Zhou,Changcheng Liu
The development of sustainable and effective energy storage systems has become a top concern due to the growing global demand for energy and the environmental impact of energy usage. Phase change materials (PCMs) provide plenty of potential for application in renewable energy storage and building energy conservation because of their effective thermal energy storage and release capabilities. This study developed a novel composite PCM with superior flame-retardant performance and a high energy-storage density. Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was used as the flame-retardant component, polyethylene glycol (PEG) served as the phase-change matrix, and electrospinning was used to encapsulate and create the composite material. The results show that electrospinning successfully constructed a stable fibrous framework, effectively mitigating PEG leakage. Char-residue analysis and microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC) verify that adding APP greatly improves the material's flame-retardant performance. The produced composite material has a wide range of possible applications in thermal management systems, building insulation, and home energy conservation. It also offers an efficient medium for thermal energy storage and release and enhances fire safety through flame-retardant construction. Download: Download high-res image (162KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
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