METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 2.4
Chen Mao,Chen Buxin,Jiang Yang,Zheng Kui,Hu Meilong,Qiu Shuxing
Ti(C,N) is commonly observed in vanadium titanomagnetite blast furnaces and greatly affects the stable and smooth operation of the smelting processes. To get fundamental insight into Ti(C, N) formation, systematic experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of the composition of slags, temperatures, reaction time and reaction atmosphere on the formation of Ti(C,N) from TiO 2 -containing slags. The results show that TiN and TiC contents increase with TiO 2 content increases. When TiO 2 is larger than 30 wt pct, TiN contents increase dramatically. Control of basicity, MgO and Al 2 O 3 concentrations in the slag could help to reduce Ti(C,N) contents in slags. TiN and Ti(C,N) contents increase dramatically with the extension of time. TiN is more easily formed at high temperatures, and TiN contents increase with the increase of temperature. With the increase of N 2 contents, TiC contents are relatively stable, and TiN and Ti(C,N) contents increase almost linearly. H 2 would greatly promote the formation of TiC. This paper can provide a theoretical basis for minimizing the formation of Ti(C,N) in different blast furnace conditions.
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KOREA-AUSTRALIA RHEOLOGY JOURNAL
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2024
·
IF 2.2
Ouyang Xing,Gong Lei,Huang Xiang,Chen Dazhu
Silica/PEG200 shear thickening fluids (STFs) are widely used smart fluids. There is often residual water during the STF preparation process because of the strong water adsorbability due to the abundant hydroxyl group on the silica surface. Residual water usually influences the shear-thickening behavior of STFs. How much influence the residual water has during the preparation processes on the properties of STFs is still a problem. In this paper, six preparation processes were designed, and the influence of residual water content on the shear thickening behavior due to different preparation processes is analyzed. Firstly, three drying processes were used to prepare STFs, i.e., three kinds of silica powder, which were obtained from spray, freeze, or oven drying of the silica dispersion, were dispersed in PEG200 to obtain STFs. Secondly, three wet processes were used to prepare STFs, i.e., three kinds of silica slurry, which were obtained by centrifuging and washing through water, ethanol, or tetrahydrofuran of the silica dispersion, were directly dispersed into PEG200 and dried to obtain STFs. All the silica dispersion used in these six preparation processes was prepared using the Stöber method. The properties, microstructure, and residual water content of the STFs prepared by the six preparation processes were explored. The results showed that the preparation processes have a big influence on the properties of related STFs. The silica’s residual water content derived from different preparation processes is the critical factor that affects STFs’ shear thickening performance. The drying process using silica powder from spray drying of the silica dispersion resulted in the lowest water content and led to the best shear-thickening performance of the corresponding STFs. Meanwhile, the wet process using a slurry obtained by centrifuging and washing through tetrahydrofuran of the silica dispersion could also prepare STFs with good shear thickening behavior. Graphical abstract
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 15.7
Tang Yulong,Li Jiejie,Lin Yichao,Cheng Moxing,Wang Shuibo,Tian Ziqi,Zhou Junjie,Zhang Haolei,Wang Yunan,Chen Liang
The electrochemical reduction of acetonitrile (AN) to ethylamine (EA) is an attractive yet challenging process, primarily due to the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). This study demonstrates the ability to halt the HER at Volmer step, where protons migrate to the unsaturated bond of AN on a self-supported CuO@Cu heterostructure. The CuO@Cu catalyst exhibits nearly 100% Faradaic efficiency (FE) over the entire range of potentials tested from −0.1 to −0.4 V vs. RHE, demonstrating remarkable stability over 1000 h at a constant current density of 0.2 A cm −2 . CuO is identified as the active component driving the reaction, while the metallic Cu facilitates efficient electron transfer. Theoretical simulations and experimental evidences indicate that a synergistic hydrogenation process contributes to the AN reduction reaction (ARR), which involves both surface hydrogen migration and proton addition from solution. This study provides an insight into understanding of ARR process, and suggests an efficient strategy to enhance the electrochemical hydrogenation of organic molecules by regulating the Volmer step.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2024
·Vol. 31
·期 20
·29264-29279
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IF 0
Lyu Shiqi,Abidin Zurina Zainal,Yaw Thomas Choong Shean,Resul Mohamad Faiz Mukhtar Gunam
Guided by efficient utilization of natural plant oil and sulfur as low-cost sorbents, it is desired to tailor the porosity and composition of polysulfides to achieve their optimal applications in the management of aquatic heavy metal pollution. In this study, polysulfides derived from soybean oil and sulfur (PSSs) with improved porosity (10.2–22.9 m 2 /g) and surface oxygen content (3.1–7.0 wt.%) were prepared with respect to reaction time of 60 min, reaction temperature of 170 °C, and mass ratios of sulfur/soybean oil/NaCl/sodium citrate of 1:1:3:2. The sorption behaviors of PSSs under various hydrochemical conditions such as contact time, pH, ionic strength, coexisting cations and anions, temperature were systematically investigated. PSSs presented a fast sorption kinetic (5.0 h) and obviously improved maximum sorption capacities for Pb(II) (180.5 mg/g), Cu(II) (49.4 mg/g), and Cr(III) (37.0 mg/g) at pH 5.0 and T 298 K, in comparison with polymers made without NaCl/sodium citrate. This study provided a valuable reference for the facile preparation of functional polysulfides as well as a meaningful option for the removal of aquatic heavy metals.
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npj Materials Degradation
·
2024
·Vol. 8
·期 1
·1-12
·
IF 6.6
Xi Le,Lv Yadong,Feng Jiabao,Huang Yanyan,Huang Yajiang,Yang Qi,Li Guangxian,Kong Miqiu
Due to their excellent mechanical properties and intrinsic flexibility, polyimides (PIs) are promising candidates for optoelectrical applications under harsh conditions such as flexible organic solar cells as well as flexible smart windows, etc. Much progress has been made on their optical transmittance; however, there remain significant concerns about their environmental stability, particularly their UV resistance. Herein, 4 types of colorless polyimides (CPIs) with different molecular structures containing trifluoromethyl, ethers, or fluorenes are carefully designed, and the dependence of their UV resistance on structures is explored systematically. It is found that the introduction of isopropylidene, ethers and fluorenes effectively enhances the UV resistance of CPI and its initial performance (optical transparency, thermal stability, and toughness) simultaneously as a result of the subtle manipulation of the conjugation structures. Specifically, the optimized polyimide film shows decent optical properties ( \({T}_{550{\rm{nm}}}\) ~ 88%, yellowness index ~3.26), and thermal stability ( \({T}_{5 \% }\) ~ 503 °C in N 2 atmosphere, \({T}_{{\rm{g}}}\) ~ 312 °C). Moreover, after high-intensity UV irradiation, CPI not only maintains over 90% of mechanical properties but also retains excellent optical properties ( \({T}_{550{\rm{nm}}}\) ~ 88%) and thermal stability ( \({T}_{5 \% }\) ~ 506 °C). The design strategy paves the way for enhancing the durability of PIs for energy conversion and electronic applications resisting harsh conditions.
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TRANSITION METAL CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 1.7
Feng Qiying,Zhou Lin,Tian Shuang,Yang Jiawan,Liu Yunjun
Herein, we reported the synthesis and characterization of two new iridium(III) complexes [Ir(ppy) 2 (fpp)](PF 6 ) (Ir1a, ppy = 2-phenylpyridine, fpp = 2-(2,2-difluorobenzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline) and [Ir(bzq) 2 (fpp)](PF 6 ) (Ir1b, bzq = benzo[h]quinoline) through high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR. The cytotoxicity in vitro of Ir1a and Ir1b on normal NIH3T3 cells and cancer SGC-7901, A549, SK-Hep1 cells was tested using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method. Ir1a exhibits high cytotoxicity on SGC-7901 cells (IC 50 = 2.7 ± 0.7 µM), whereas Ir1b shows moderate cytotoxicity toward the selected cancer cells. The ROS content was investigated using a fluorescence probe of 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCHF-DA), the results show that Ir1a and Ir1b elevate ROS content. The co-localization and the change of mitochondrial membrane potential were explored. Apoptotic studies using Annex V/PI double staining method demonstrate that Ir1a and Ir1b can efficiently cause apoptosis. Ir1a and Ir1b inhibit the cell proliferation at the G2/M period. Additionally, lipid peroxidation and downregulation of ferritin protein suggest that Ir1a and Ir1b can trigger ferroptosis.
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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 3.8
Lin Xi,Hu Shiyun,Li Yanxia,Yu Lishuang,Huang Lu
The development of novel enantioseparation materials requires an effective testing method that not only is user-friendly, rapid, and reproducible but also minimizes the amount of enantioseparation material needed. In this work, commercially available silica particles coated with cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) were employed as the chiral stationary phase to develop a simple and rapid method for preparing chiral packed capillary columns compatible with conventional CEC-UV or cLC-UV systems. The column fabrication process took only 2 h. These chiral capillary packed columns, utilizing photonic crystal fibers as frits, successfully separated nine chiral compounds. Among these, six compounds achieved complete resolution within 10 min while demonstrating satisfactory reproducibility and stability. Furthermore, molecular docking simulations were performed using AutoDock and Discovery Studio to investigate the intermolecular interactions between cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) and the nine pairs of enantiomers, providing insights into the enantioseparation mechanism of the chiral stationary phase. This study lays the foundation for the future utilization of the photonic crystal fiber integrated capillary packed column as an advanced platform to explore novel enantioseparation materials. Graphical
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BMC GENOMICS
·
2025
·Vol. 26
·期 1
·1-16
·
IF 3.7
Yang Xiao-Li,Wang Yang,Li Zhi,Lin Qiao-Hong,Yu Peng,Lu Meng,Li Xi-Yin,Wang Zhong-Wei,Zhang Xiao-Juan,Gui Jian-Fang,Zhou Li
Allopolyploids often exhibit enhanced resistance to pathogen stresses. However, our understanding about the patterns that allopolyploids modify homeolog expression upon pathogen invasion remains limited. Since 2012, a disease caused by herpesvirus ( Ca HV) has posed a severe threat to Carassius auratus aquaculture. Therefore, the synthesis of novel allopolyploids with enhanced resistance has become one of significant priorities for its aquaculture. In this study, we first synthesized and then established a gynogenetic Carassius alloheptaploid clone ( Ca A7n). It possesses approximately 158 chromosomes of C. gibelio and 24 haploid chromosomes of M. amblycephala . Ca HV challenge experiments showed that Ca A7n inherited high resistance from its paternal M. amblycephalus , exhibiting a 100% survival rate after Ca HV infection. Subsequently, we revealed distinct transcriptional responses among Ca A7n and its parents to Ca HV infection and identified two key modules. The egiengenes in the module that positively correlated with Ca A7n resistance were mainly enriched in chemokine activity GO terms. Finally, we described a profound expression alteration of three homeologs in Ca A7n, including additive and non-additive expression patterns. After Ca HV infection, three homeologs mainly involved in chemokine activity changed their expression patterns in Ca A7n. Moreover, homeologs derived from M. amblycephala associated with chemokine activity, which showed altered expression levels, may enhance the antiviral immune response of Ca A7n. This study not only establishes Ca A7n as a promising Ca HV-resistant candidate for aquaculture but also elucidates how allopolyploids reconfigure parental homeolog expression networks to enhance antiviral defenses, advancing our understanding of allopolyploid adaptation mechanisms under pathogenic pressure.
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RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES
·
2025
·
IF 3.5
He Yan,Du Qingwang,Wen Shuna,Yu Tong,Wang Na,Yuan Dingzhong,Na Bing
In this work, an amine functionalized porous organic polymer (POP-ABP-NH 2 ) was synthesized by one-step Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction using 2-aminobiphenyl as an organic monomer and p-dichlorobenzyl as a crosslinker. Then, POP-ABP-NH 2 was functionalized with different concentrations of phytic acid (PA, 30% and 50%) through hydrothermal reaction, and new phytic acid-modified porous organic polymers (POP-ABP-PA-1 and POP-ABP-PA-2) were successfully synthesized. The adsorption performance of the adsorbents for U(VI) ions in aqueous solution and simulated seawater was studied. The results show that the higher PA concentration, the smaller the specific surface area ( S BET POP-ABP-PA-2 (185.84 m 2 /g) < S BET POP-ABP-PA-1 (598.43 m 2 /g)). This may be because the high concentration of PA occupies more pore sites, resulting in a decrease in specific surface area. The adsorption kinetics of the materials for U(VI) conform to the pseudo-second-order kinetic adsorption model, and the adsorption isotherm conform to the Langmuir monolayer adsorption model. Under the optimal adsorption conditions, the maximum adsorption capacity of POP-ABP-PA-2 for U(VI) (q max = 1372.2 mg/g) is much higher than that of POP-ABP-PA-1 (q max = 769.2 mg/g). This may be because POP-ABP-PA-2 is connected to a high concentration of PA and has a high phosphorus and oxygen content, resulting in stronger coordination ability and higher adsorption capacity. Most importantly, in simulated seawater at pH = 8, POP-ABP-PA-2 exhibited a high theoretical adsorption capacity of 299.4 mg/g in 150 min. In addition, in a solution where many impurity ions coexist, POP-ABP-PA-2 can still exhibit excellent adsorption selectivity for U(VI), and after five adsorption–desorption cycles, the adsorption removal percentage of U(VI) can still be maintained at 90%. This study provides an important research idea for further developing phytic acid (PA) composites for U(VI) adsorption.
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VETERINARY RESEARCH
·
2025
·Vol. 56
·期 1
·1-13
·
IF 3.5
Wang Zengbao,Li Taifeng,Jiang Yingying,Wang Xue,Li Hongmei,Zhao Xiaomin,Zhang Xiao,Zhao Ningning
Serpin protease inhibitors (SERPIN) in protozoa play crucial roles in various biological processes, including the invasion of host cells. However, the precise roles and molecular mechanisms underlying SERPIN-mediated invasion of parasite remain poorly understand. In this study, we provide evidence that surface-expressed Eimeria tenella SERPIN1 (EtSERPIN1) on sporozoites is involved in adhesion and invasion processes. To elucidate the molecular target responsible for mediating EtSERPIN1-induced invasion, we utilized GST pull-down and yeast two-hybrid assays to identify host cell membrane proteins interacting with EtSERPIN1. Our findings revealed an interaction between EtSERPIN1 and a membrane protein called annexin A2 (ANXA2). Furthermore, recombinant GgANXA2 was shown to bind to the sporozoite surface. Pre-treatment with anti-GgANXA2-specific antibody or recombinant GgANXA2 protein significantly inhibited EtSERPIN1 binding to host cells. Pre-incubation with recombinant GgANXA2 also reduced sporozoite infection in both DF-1 cells and chickens. These results suggest that the interaction between EtSERPIN1 and GgANXA2 plays a critical role in both adhesion and invasion processes of E. tenella sporozoites. Finally, we investigated the impact of recombinant GgANXA2 and EtSERPIN1 proteins on E. tenella infection. Our results demonstrate that incubation with GgANXA2 protein significantly attenuated sporozoite infectivity, as evidenced by a significant reduction in parasite burden within the chicken cecum. Immunization with recombinant EtSERPIN1 exhibited potent anti- E. tenella activity, with higher body weight gains, lower cecal lesions and oocyst output, as well as elevated levels of cecal mucosa antibodies. These findings suggest that targeting GgANXA2 through EtSERPIN1 mediates adhesion and invasion processes of E. tenella , highlighting its potential as a novel therapeutic target.
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Nature Protocols
·
2025
·
IF 16
Xie Wenhe,Huang Xin-Yu,Zhu Chengcheng,Li Jichun,Deng Yu,Rong Youwen,Chen Keyu,Deng Yonghui
Ordered mesoporous metal oxides (OMMOs) with periodically interconnected mesopores and crystalline framework have attracted ever-growing attention due to their high specific surface area, well-defined mesoscopic structures and adjustable pore-wall chemical microenvironment. It has been difficult to rationally design OMMO syntheses because the hydrolysis of metal salts is difficult to control; it is also difficult to find precursors that have a strong enough interaction with the structure-directing agents and oxides to overcome the formation of disordered metal oxide crystals rather than frameworks at the temperatures required for calcination. Here we describe an evaporation-induced cooperative assembly (EICA) approach for the controllable synthesis of high-quality OMMOs (for example, WO 3 ). The EICA approach endows precise control over the intermolecular interactions between metal oxide precursors and amphiphilic block copolymers such as poly(ethylene oxide)- block -polystyrene through ligand-assisted or cluster-involved assembly strategies and optimizes the thermal treatment process through carbon-supported crystallization. Based on this Protocol, a library of OMMOs with different framework compositions and desired pore sizes (10–35 nm, by changing the polystyrene length of poly(ethylene oxide)- block -polystyrene template) can be readily tuned, which can be further precisely modified by pore-wall engineering (for example, element doping, noble metal decoration and heterojunction construction). We describe the detailed experimental design and synthesis procedures to ensure the reproducibility of the experiments. Chemiresistive gas sensing and electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction are introduced as potential applications of OMMOs. Except for the time (~2.5 d) needed for the preparation of amphiphilic block copolymers, the EICA approach for synthesizing OMMOs requires ~3.5 d without requiring special expertise.
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-23
·
IF 15.7
Zhang Zhongyu,Zhao Zhengde,Huang Xiuyi,Zhou Lifang,Jiang Xin,Wu Haoliang,Liu Chenshu,Huang Kan,Wen Jielu,Liu Yunchong,Miller Michelle C.,Zhao Zihan,He Zhen,Wang Yuxin,Liu Siyu,Huang Lijin,Yuan Lining,Zeng Renli,Cen Zhipeng,Chen Anning,Chen Yanbo,Zeng Gang,Liu Wenzhou,Hong Xiaosi,Ren Meng,Yan Li,Zhang Yang,Guan Dongxian,Tian Xiaoyu,Cai Weikang,Tai Guihua,Mayo Kevin H.,Zhou Yifa,Li Zilun,Chen Sifan
Diabetic foot ulcers are severe diabetic complications, and promoting impaired angiogenesis is essential for wound healing. Pro-angiogenic galectin-3 is elevated in diabetic serum and promotes systemic insulin resistance that may impair wound healing. However, the exact role of galectin-3 in the regulation of diabetic wound healing remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that galectin-3 promotes skin wound healing and angiogenesis via binding to its receptor integrin α5β1, and enhances downstream focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation by forming a liquid-liquid phase separation with integrin α5β1. Under diabetic conditions, aberrant accumulated advanced glycation end-products bind to galectin-3, blocking its interaction with integrin α5β1 and impairing angiogenesis. Topical treatment of recombinant galectin-3 in hydrogels promotes diabetic wound healing in rodents without causing systemic insulin resistance and synergizes with insulin. This study clarifies the binding of galectin-3 to integrin α5β1, instead of advanced glycation end-products, forming phase separation to promote angiogenesis and diabetic wound healing, laying the foundation for local galectin-3 therapy to treat diabetic foot ulcers.
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